DE1548481A1 - Device for the automatic detection of trajectories and for immediate alarm triggering - Google Patents

Description

DR. EULE DR. BERG DIPL.-ING. STAPF

PATENT LAWYERS 1548481

B MUNICH 2nd HILBLESTRASSE

Dr. EuIa Dr. Berg Dipl.-Ing. Stapf 8 Munich 2, Hilblestrasse M '

Sign unier sign date

VI / sn β. July 1966

Lawyer file no. I ¹ J 171

Jean Raymond NARBAITS-JAUREGUY

1, rue Louis Mercier, MALAKOPP Seine / France

"Device for automatic detection of plug tracks and for immediate alarm triggering"

The invention relates to the localization or Construction of the plug tracks of projectiles, missiles and other analog devices.

008885/0004

The main object of the invention is to enable the measurement of certain variables characteristic of the plug path, the organization of the measurements carried out and the evaluation of the same by means of such a computational method that the location of the plug path and the plotting of its beginning and end ₃ , i.e. the detection of the plug path to be carried out automatically.

Another object of the invention in which the means for measuring the plug track remain passive is the plague position several simultaneous plug tracks and even the location of a nuclear explosion and the plague of their strength.

The invention is based on the following points:

1. Each point of the image generated by a previously fixed and aligned television camera (or other linear scanning device) can be assigned a height value and a side value.

2. The image of a flight path observed by television under these conditions is the intersection of a conical surface, the tip of which lies in the focal point of the lens and the generating straight lines of which are tangents to the flight path, with an image plane running perpendicular to the optical axis.

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3. The calculation of the line of intersection of two surfaces of the cone of the type just defined, which by two on different and measured Cameras arranged in places have been specified, the plug track you are looking for provides the has generated both conical surfaces.

H. The intersection of the trajectory determined in this way with a plane which is equal to the central horizontal plane of the area to be embossed provides the starting point and the end point of the trajectory.

Introducing the true height of the particular points. this gives a correction to the coordinates of these points. Now by going from point to point you can specify the result more precisely or approximate it as far as it is necessary.

The device for determining the trajectory of projectiles, rockets and other analog devices comprises at least two image recording devices for the analysis of the image by linear scanning for the side and the height, such as television cameras, which are aimed at the area to be monitored, wherein the scanning processes these apparatuses are not synchronized, as well as a computing device for the reconstruction of the coordinates of at least one of

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Sections of two conical surfaces, the tip of which is the optical center of an image recording device, and the plug path a projectile or a missile. The device is characterized in that each of its image pickup devices includes the following elements:

A time deflection generator for image deflection as well "clocks" synchronized with the timing generator, which reproduce the height value and the side value of the examined image point.

A comparator for the comparison of the image signal with a control signal, which is used by the Projectile or missile emitted signals is characteristic. The comparator enables registration the side value and the height value of the examined pixel in memories.

An image signal counter which eliminates additional interfering signals occurring in a certain time interval.

A computing element which distributes the records of the altitude and the side according to the specified time interval mentioned.

009885/000 /,

Stores the coordinates of the altitude and the Page and register them depending on the proximity of the measured coordinates according to the plug path put in order.

Further features of the invention emerge from the following description and the drawings.

The figures of the drawings are block diagrams, which to show the arrangement of the organs and in the rest of In use elements known in electronic art.

Pigur 1 shows a general scheme of the invention.

Figure 2 shows the system for generating the true values of height and side of the flight path of a projectile or missile.

Figure 3 shows the system for sorting out the coordinates for the first arc of a projectile's trajectory or a missile.

FIG. 4 shows the system for sorting out the coordinates for three arcs of the trajectory of a projectile or one Rocket,

FIG. 5 shows the functional diagram of the caller and its components.

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Figure 6 shows the division of the endangered area. Figure 7 shows the various alarm devices. General structure and function (J? JLjgxp_Jk).

The following description explains only one embodiment of the present invention and one can obtain the same effects without departing from the scope of the invention by using other equivalent means.

The image recording system 1 responds to radiation emitted by the projectile or missile to be discovered and localized, which in practice is infrared radiation. In this image recording system, the deflection takes place by means of signals which come from the time deflection generator 9. This synchronizes the clocks 10. These constantly reproduce the values of the side, the height and the tent which correspond at a given moment to the examined point of the recorded image.

Because of their analogy with an apparatus which indicates the tent at regular intervals, the organs 10 are called clocks although they indicate elevation and lateral values, because their principle is the same and their function is based on the linear increase of a voltage As we will see below, the clock that shows the time is only a help measure which is used to determine the time

009885/0004

The trajectories of grenades or missiles are irrelevant.

The image recording system 1 provides an image signal on the comparator 3 is transmitted. This comparator receives a control signal from generator 2. Is the image signal with the control signal in a certain interrelation, which the comparator 3 is used to determine this one control pulse.

When measuring the flight path, the control signal can be a voltage of a certain level. The comparator can be designed so that it emits a control pulse as soon as the voltage level of the image signal is above that of the control signal. Of the Comparator can also eliminate the image signals - which over a different level of tension. In doing so, he allows Function even if there is general lighting, for example from the sun.

The control pulse becomes the image signal counter 4 and the interrupter 5 transferred.

If a second control pulse occurs in a time interval Λ t, which is equal to the duration (and consequently equal to the angular interval) that was set for the measurement, i.e. for the distance from points on the trajectory to be determined, this proves this Available-

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be of two very closely spaced trajectories

009885/0004

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the same line. In order to eliminate the errors which could arise from different trajectory arcs, the image signal counter 4, if it detects more than one trajectory, opens the interrupter 5 and thus prevents any examination in the period under consideration. Just kick a single one. Control pulse on. so will diesel- * ^ pnn iibp> ^ fen

which closes,) interrupter 6 forwarded to interrupter 7, -ttn "clso a "rendering" of the fourth of the height, the side and. the time allows for that point which caused the control pulse Has.

This information is then fed to the storage groups 20, 30 and 4o to be separated and stored there, however grouped by trajectory arc.

The input memories 221, 231 and 241 only store the latest information transmitted from the memory group to which they belong. These input memories thus supply the computing element 8 with the angular coordinates 208 of the last registered points. This arithmetic element 8 serves to open the interrupter 6 during a time interval, which corresponds to the angular interval, which is equal to the above-mentioned measurement period Δ t, in order to prevent the forwarding of position information: this device is intended to overfill the memory with coordinates from points that are close to each other.

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Those stored in storage groups 22, 32 and 42 Position information is retrieved from a retriever 50 and gradually fed to a central computer 100 via a connection system 51.

If the caller 50 has read the memories, he clears them. The computer 100 receives analog information from a device 60 which is analogous to that whose puncture has just been described which, however, need not be synchronized with the first device.

If the computer 100 is made the correlation between the received information, it calculates the intersection of the conical surfaces by known methods, and thus determines the desired plug train. Then it shows the Cartesian or other coordinates of the intersection points of this plug path with a horizontal plane, the height of which was entered into the computer. The result can be displayed on the scales 101, 102 and 103 or directly from the

same computer welter processed to the Richteine to determine values for the control by / own battery. If the point that the calculator determined is not at the height that was entered into the calculator (the corresponding plague position can be made with the help of a map), so the result can be made even more precise by using that amount as the calculation amount introduces which is the vertical distance from the predetermined

009885/0004 " ¹⁰ "

Point is. By several such successive Corrections can be made as close as possible to the result or more precise, as it is necessary or with regard to the accuracy of the initial topographical work when setting up the measuring point makes sense.

The measured time values are not used to determine the plug path, but to "read the speed" the growth of the fireball of a nuclear explosion and thus also to the plague of its strength. In this In this case, the central computer 100 selects the necessary calculation method after it has checked the type of information received the end. The location is determined by calculating the intersection of the planes originating from the two cameras same side and elevation.

The puncturing of the various parts of the devices will now be described in more detail.

Generation of the true elevation and elevation values

(Figure 2)

This device should show the exact side and height values of all points that the camera in the course of its Functional cycle analyzed according to the principle in Form of digital signals (counted in the binary system).

0Q9885 / 0004

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For this purpose, the image recording device 1 takes place the distraction by signals coming from the timing generator 9 can be delivered. This generator unblocks the clock 109 at the beginning of each line, which the page values 125 supplies, and the clock 108, which supplies the altitude values 124.

The camera is in front of its lens with an optical scale division 102 provided, which has a semi-permeable Mirror a scale division for height and side measurements supplies. This optical device is the subject of patent application N 24 292 IXb / 42c of January 15, 1964.

With the aid of the shutter 105, the image of the object to be observed can be covered from the camera.

A timer 107 has two functions.

Once it shows the time to measure the growth the fireball of a nuclear explosion and thus of its strength. The clocks of different observatories do not need to be synchronized. Your task is to establish the short periods of time that separate the various measurements that each memory makes.

On the other hand, the clock triggers with a preselected periodicity the process of calibrating clocks for the side value and the height value. To this end, she receives from the distraction

00.9885 / 0004

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generator 9 the start signals for the scanning in the line raster and gives the following signals to carry out this measurement:

Closing the interrupter 118, which blocks the image signal because it is not suitable for the measurement signals to be transferred to the computing elements.

Closing the shutter 105 and thus suppressing the image; which comes from the field of view of the device, i.e. from the zone to be monitored. These include the parasitic signals and the lighting of the optical scale device 102, which projects the BjId of the measuring graduation onto the lens of the camera.

Trigger the memories 120 and 121, which are in order the analysis deflection of the camera reproduce the exact height and side values that correspond to the measuring points, which are supplied by the optical device 102, which is the subject of patent application N 24 2Q2 IXb / 42c of January 15, 1964.

These values are then sent to digital comparators 116 and 117 fed which when they receive the image signal through the interrupter receive, select the elevation and elevation values indicated by clocks 108 and 109 for the measurement points, and the comparison with that provided by memories 120 and 121

0098B5 / 0004 - 13 -

- Perform 13 true values.

Depending on the errors present, these comparators supply correction voltages which are stored to them 113, 114, 115 and 110, 111, 112, which are the Correct the playback speeds of the clocks 108 and 109 in such a way that the lateral and elevation values supplied correspond to the points analyzed by the camera.

This device is an improvement on that disclosed in the patent application N 25 067 IXb / 42c of June 5, 1964, this mentioned patent application relates to a device for the electrical transmission of the exact location of points of a transmitted by a television system Image. Instead of the measuring operations by operators to have carried out, the device effects the automatic carrying out of the measuring operations.

System for sorting out coordinates according to

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The mode of operation of the device is explained for three trajectory arcs, each of which is determined by four points. One can of course provide as many trajectory arcs and as many points as necessary iafc.

The device shown in detail in Figure 4 corresponds those in FIG. 1 under the reference numerals 20, 30 and 40

009885/0004 - 14 -

illustrated parts.

Figure 3 shows the same device, but only for the first plug web arch. Your puncture way is the following (Figure 4):

The angular coordinates coming from the interrupter 7 (FIG. 1) 200 are fed to a waiting memory 201 storing them and to the comparator 220.

At the beginning of the cycle, the caller 50 blocks the comparator 220 in such a way that this cannot act and thus the changeover switch 222 controlled by it is in the upper position (this Position is explained below) is held.

The waiting memory 201 then transfers its information to the memories 221 and 223 and is emptied. The input memory 221 always contains the last information received and the memory 223, called the point memory, registers the coordinates it has just received.

If the comparator 220 then receives information from the memory 221, it cancels the blocking caused by the caller 50 on (the switch 222 is thus in the lower position). Furthermore, it causes the Caller 50, which stores the memory in a predetermined

009885/0004

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Order and the transmission of the coordinates should enable in a slower sequence than it corresponds to the degradation by the camera. In this way a reduction of the frequency range for the normal case of wireless transmission is made possible.

The coordinates of a second point arrive at the comparator 220 and the waiting memory 201 registers them.

The comparator 220 receives the coordinates of the previous point. received by the input memory 221 were delivered and forms the difference between these two points.

If the distance between two points is smaller than a neighborhood distance determined by construction or regulation., so he flips the switch 220 upwards and at the same time clears the input memory 221. The waiting memory 201 transmits its information on the input memory 221, which stores this information, and on the memory 223, which is full and forwards it to the next memory 22 * t. This removal process is repeated as often as there are point stores.

If the distance is greater than the intended neighboring distance. so the comparator lets the switch 222 down

009 885/00 04

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occur and the coordinates will not be on this storage group registered but forwarded to another storage group.

With reference to Figure 4 it can be seen that the other paths, which correspond to two trajectory arcs, in the initial state by the The comparator is blocked i When the switch is up 232 and 242, the waiting memory 201 can then feed the second path 230 to 236. When the comparator is unblocked 23O the same analysis process can take place.

A delay element 2O4 allows the comparators to carry out their comparison process completely before the information coming from the waiting memory 201, get to the manifold 202.

Mode of operation of the_ caller 5.0 (Figure 5)

The caller designated 50 in FIGS. 1 to 4 is shown in FIG. Its main parts bear the reference symbols 501 to 506.

The reference numerals 223 to 226 denote the point memories of a first trajectory arc. The reference numerals 233 to denote those of a second trajectory arc and reference numerals 243 to 246 those of a third Trajectory arc.

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If no information is stored in the point memories, the switching means are in those shown in FIG Positions.

If the comparator 504 does not receive any information, it is unblocked neither does he delay circuit 505. This should take place during a precisely determined time T, which of that for the transmission system 51 depends on the selected frequency range and the connection between these memories is long enough and the transmission system 51 and then drain the former.

When the first memory 223 receives information, this is determined by the comparator 504 and unblocked Circuit 505. At the end of time T 502, this switches over to the following memory 224 and empties 223. This process lasts until the moment in which one of the memories of the harvested trajectory arc has no information.

In this case, at the end of a time interval T, no determination is made by the comparator 502 and the comparator 501 switches via circle 502 to memories 233 to 236 for the second trajectory arc.

If the comparator does not receive any information, the system comes to rest again.

009885/0004

All arithmetic operations that take place in the device for determining the flight path are carried out in the binary system performed with the aid of logic circuits, the technology of which is well known. It can be electrical or magnetic Memory are used.

The central computer 100 (Figure 1) can the impact zone of a projectile or missile a few seconds before Determine impact. The system allows you to take maximum advantage of these few seconds by it in the possible destruction zone of the projectile alarm gives. For this purpose, the own area in fields A, B, C ... K, L is, for example, 3 km on a side (cf. Figure 6).

If the computer 100 has determined the point of impact P, it determines that the circle shown by the dashed line indicated danger zone the inhabitants of fields B, C, D, F, G, H, J, K, L hits and warns them immediately using the devices explained below (FIG. 7).

A very powerful impulse transmitter 600 is connected to the computer, which works in the decanter area> in order to be able to receive flawlessly everywhere regardless of the floor design. The pulses of this transmitter are sent according to a simple code, and although having frequencies

009886/0004 " ¹⁹ "

which correspond to each field, its residents with alarm receivers which are set to the frequencies and codes that correspond to their field.

These receivers trigger optical means like magnesium bombs 602 and acoustic means, which are formed by sirens 603, which are fed by means of compressed air bottles 6θΊ will. ·

If individual alarm receivers are provided, the Alarm triggering by electrical discharges, which the wearer of the recipient over electrodes lying on the skin 605 can be conveyed.

The resulting confusion in the work is irrelevant as it is for the inhabitants of the monitored fields It is a matter of throwing oneself to the ground immediately to avoid the effects of the projectile or missile.

The triggering by coded impulses can be replaced by an impulse transmitter of great strength, its transmission radiation be aimed at the area to be alarmed with the help of antennas with high reflectivity.

In this case the position of the antenna and its Focus adjustment remotely controlled by the central computer.

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The installation points are chosen according to the shape of the terrain.

The receivers located in the zone covered by the antenna then give an alarm.

Patent claims:

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Claims (1)

Patent claims: 1. Device for determining the plug path of floors, Rockets and other analog devices with at least two image recording devices for image analysis by means of in line grid, linear scanning 4 ^ 4Be4-len..4m4.-divisions such as television cameras, which are aimed at the area to be monitored., whereby the scans of these devices are not synchronized are., and with a calculator for determining the coordinates of at least one of the sections of two conical surfaces, the tip of which is the optical center of one of the image recording devices and the plug track of a projectile of the type mentioned at the outset, characterized in that each Bildaufnähmeapparat has the following elements: A time deflection generator for the image deflection as well as with the timing generator synchronized "clocks", which specify the height value and the side value of the examined pixel; A comparator for comparing the image signal with a control signal which is used for the projectile emitted signals is characteristic, the comparator recording the height and lateral values of the analyzed Image point in memory enabled; 009885/0004 " ²² - - 22 - An image signal counter, which is additional undesirably added in a certain time interval Signals eliminated; A computing element which records the altitude and the page values staggered according to the specified time interval mentioned, as well as memories, which the altitude and register side coordinates and record them according to the plug trajectory depending on the proximity of the measured coordinates classify. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the caller, the coordinates in each case from the memory has slowed down work compared to registering these coordinates in memory. 3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a measuring device for the side and height values, which has the following elements: An optical scale division (patent application N 24 292 IXbM2c of January 15, 1964); A clock calibrated for time; A device for covering the field seen by the apparatus and for illuminating the optical scale means; - 23 009885/0004 Comparators for the values, which are registered from the memories of the coordinates of the points indicated by the optical scale means and the value of clocks for the height and the side; Correction elements, which are controlled by the aforementioned comparators, and the speeds of the reproduction of the clocks _; correct for height and side. Device according to claim 1, characterized by: A device for blocking or releasing the Transmission of height and lateral coordinates to it downstream Organs by the retriever at the beginning of each measurement cycle: A main waiting memory for the height and lateral coordinates, an input memory for the height and Side coordinates for each plug lane and consecutive ones Memory for entering coordinates of the height and the side of points of each plug path under the memories for the coordinates for the side and the height, with each series of memories the contents of the previous one Deletes series after registration, and a comparator operated by the input memory, which triggers the caller and consequently the departure of the coordinates of a point of a trajectory to the - 24 009885/0004 »Mil - 24 - Computer, this comparator also providing the coordinates from too close together points eliminated by then storing, consecrate the following point corresponds to, deletes a plug path in the input memory and by forwarding it to the spear assembly of another trajectory arc. 5. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the caller has a delay circuit which at regular intervals, each group of coordinate memories for the height and the side of points of the plug path to the computer and this memory emptied, 6. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that they measure the duration of the image signal, which corresponds to a nuclear explosion, at predetermined time intervals includes. 7. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the computer alarm in the geographic sector or sectors which triggers the coordinates of the point of impact of the projectile or the rocket or the projectiles or the Missiles equivalent. 009885/0004 ι? Lee r s e i t e