DE1542293A1 - Device for carrying out exothermic catalytic gas reactions - Google Patents

Device for carrying out exothermic catalytic gas reactions

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Publication number
DE1542293A1
DE1542293A1 DE19661542293 DE1542293A DE1542293A1 DE 1542293 A1 DE1542293 A1 DE 1542293A1 DE 19661542293 DE19661542293 DE 19661542293 DE 1542293 A DE1542293 A DE 1542293A DE 1542293 A1 DE1542293 A1 DE 1542293A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
cooling
gas
catalyst
reaction gas
plates
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DE19661542293
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German (de)
Inventor
Schober Dipl-Ing Robert
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Lentia GmbH
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Lentia GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AT908464A external-priority patent/AT254224B/en
Priority claimed from DEL49154A external-priority patent/DE1254604B/en
Application filed by Lentia GmbH filed Critical Lentia GmbH
Publication of DE1542293A1 publication Critical patent/DE1542293A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
    • C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
    • C01C1/02—Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
    • C01C1/04—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase
    • C01C1/0405—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase from N2 and H2 in presence of a catalyst
    • C01C1/0417—Preparation of ammonia by synthesis in the gas phase from N2 and H2 in presence of a catalyst characterised by the synthesis reactor, e.g. arrangement of catalyst beds and heat exchangers in the reactor
    • C01C1/0423—Cold wall reactors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
    • B01J8/0403—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the fluid flow within the beds being predominantly horizontal
    • B01J8/0423—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the fluid flow within the beds being predominantly horizontal through two or more otherwise shaped beds
    • B01J8/0426—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the fluid flow within the beds being predominantly horizontal through two or more otherwise shaped beds the beds being superimposed one above the other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
    • B01J8/0403—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the fluid flow within the beds being predominantly horizontal
    • B01J8/0423—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the fluid flow within the beds being predominantly horizontal through two or more otherwise shaped beds
    • B01J8/0426—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the fluid flow within the beds being predominantly horizontal through two or more otherwise shaped beds the beds being superimposed one above the other
    • B01J8/0434—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the fluid flow within the beds being predominantly horizontal through two or more otherwise shaped beds the beds being superimposed one above the other in combination with two or more cylindrical annular shaped beds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
    • B01J8/0496—Heating or cooling the reactor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
    • B01J2208/00168—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles
    • B01J2208/00194—Tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
    • B01J2208/00168—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles
    • B01J2208/00212—Plates; Jackets; Cylinders
    • B01J2208/00221—Plates; Jackets; Cylinders comprising baffles for guiding the flow of the heat exchange medium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00389—Controlling the temperature using electric heating or cooling elements
    • B01J2208/00407—Controlling the temperature using electric heating or cooling elements outside the reactor bed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00389—Controlling the temperature using electric heating or cooling elements
    • B01J2208/00415—Controlling the temperature using electric heating or cooling elements electric resistance heaters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)

Description

Vorrichtung zur Durchführung exothermer katalytischer Gasreaktionen 4@@ Zusatzpatent zum Patent Nr. ..................(L 49154 IVa/12g ; O. Z. 346) Durch das Hauptpatent Nr. ..................(L 49154 IVa/12g) ist ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung exothermer katalytischer Gasreaktionen, insbesondere der Ammoniaksynthese, mit reaktorinterner Temperaturregelung mittels stufenweiser, indirekter Kühlung des heißen Reaktionsgases jeweils nach dessen Austritt aus einzelnen von zwei oder mehreren Katalysatorlagen durch friches Synthesegasgemisch geschützt, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, da2 der in bekannter Weise zuvor zur KUhlung des Druckmantels des Reaktors benützte und sodann in einem Hauptwärmetauscher vorgewdrmte frische Synthesegasstrom ein oder auch zwei, sedann aber diametral an gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Reaktorinneren angeordnete, bis oberhalb der Ningangskatalysatorlage durchgehende KUhlrdhrenbündel durchströmt, wonach es als heities Reaktionagas eine durch waagrechte Schikanenbleche mit abwechselnd segmentartig ausgesparten Gasdurchlässen unterteilte Katalysatorsäule passiert, und auf diesem Wege nur auf einer Seite oder beiderseits abwechselnd die den Umlenkstellen der verkürzten Schikanenbleche entsprechenden Abschnitte der vorerwähnten, gegebenenfalls beiderseits der EatalysatorsCule angeordneten Kühlrohrenbündel im Gegenstrom 'zumFrischgasumspült und schließlich durch die R8hren des Haupt- @ wärmetauschers zur Reaktionsgasabführung geht. Device for carrying out exothermic catalytic gas reactions 4 @@ Additional patent to patent no. .................. (L 49154 IVa / 12g; O. Z. 346) The main patent no. .................. (L 49154 IVa / 12g) is a process and a device for carrying out exothermic catalytic gas reactions, in particular the ammonia synthesis, with internal reactor temperature control by means of step-by-step, indirect cooling of the hot reaction gas after it emerges from each protected by two or more catalyst zones by a fresh synthesis gas mixture, which is characterized in that the previously used to cool the The pressure jacket of the reactor was used and then preheated in a main heat exchanger Fresh synthesis gas stream one or two, but can be diametrically opposed to one another Sides of the inside of the reactor arranged up to above the inlet catalyst layer continuous bundle of cooling tubes flows through it, after which it is called a reaction gas through horizontal baffle plates with alternating segment-like recessed gas passages subdivided catalyst column happened, and in this way only on one side or alternately on both sides those corresponding to the deflection points of the shortened baffle plates Sections of the aforementioned, optionally arranged on both sides of the EatalystCule Cooling tube bundle in countercurrent to the fresh gas and finally through the tubes of the main @ heat exchanger to discharge the reaction gas.

Es hat sich nun geseigt und dies bildet den Gegenstand der nachfolgend beschriebenen Erfindung, daß die Optimaltemperatur am Katalysator entlang des Gasweges durch diesen sich mindestens gleichwertig einregeln läßt und daß man gleichzeitig eine weitgehendekonstruktive Vereinfachung mit der Wirkung leichteren Ein-und Ausbaues des Ofensineatses und Uberdiee eine Vergrdßerung des Katalysatorvolumens erzielen kann, wenn man das Kühlröhrensystem in eine konstruktive Einheit zusammenfaßt und in die Mitte der Katalysatorsäule verlegt, wo en eine fUr das Reaktionegas durchlässige Wand entlang des Durchmessers des Leitrohres bildot. It has now declined and this forms the subject of the following described invention that the optimum temperature at the catalyst along the gas path through this can be regulated at least equally and that one at the same time an extensive structural simplification with the effect of easier installation and removal of the furnace sinea and above achieve an increase in the volume of the catalyst can, if you combine the cooling tube system in a structural unit and Relocated to the center of the catalyst column, where one is permeable to the reaction gas Wall along the diameter of the guide scope bildot.

Hiebei sind grundsätzliche Verfahrens-und Konstruktionselemente des Gegenstandes do* Hauptpatentes Nr............... beibehalten, nämlich die Gesführung in durch Schikanenbleche bewirktem abwechselnden Querstrom durch eine homogene Katalysatorsäure, wobei die stufenweise Kühlung des Synthesegases beim jeweiligen Wechsel seiner Stromungwriehtung Un sich annähernd über die ganze Länge der Katalysatorsäule erstreckenden, durchgehenden Kuhlrohren erfolgt.The basic procedural and construction elements of the Subject matter do * main patent no ............... retained, namely the management in alternating cross-flow through a homogeneous catalyst acid caused by baffles, the step-by-step cooling of the synthesis gas each time its flow direction changes Un extending over almost the entire length of the catalyst column, continuous Cooling pipes takes place.

Der Grundgedanke der Torliegenden Erfindung bei einer Vorrichtung zur Durchführung erothermer katalytischer Gasreaktionen, insbesondere der A@meniaksynthese aus Stickstoff und Wasserstoff, mit vorzugsseime reaktorinterner Temperaturregelung mittels stufenweiser, indirekter Kühlung des heißen Reaktionsgases jeweils beim Übertritt von einer Katalsyator @@lage zu einer nachfolgenden durch frisches Synthesegasgemisch nach Patent Nr. ...........(L 49154 IVa/12g) ist mithin gekennseichnet durch die zentrale Anordnung eines, sich annähernd über die ganze Höhe der Katalsuyatorfüllung (3) des Ofeneinsatzes erstreckenden, durchgehenden, primär vom vorgewärmten Frischgas durchströmten Kühlröhrensystem (7) als für das Reaktionsgas im Querstrom durchlässige Wand entlang eines ganzen Durchmessers des Leitrohrs (2) und von Schikanenblechen (6) mit abwechselnden wandaeitigen Gasdurchldssen zur Erzeugung eines je Kühlstufe wechselnden Gasquerstroms durch das Kühlröhrensystem (7).The basic idea behind the invention in relation to the goal is a device for carrying out erothermal catalytic gas reactions, in particular the synthesis of a @ meniac made of nitrogen and hydrogen, preferably with internal reactor temperature control by means of step-wise, indirect cooling of the hot reaction gas in each case Transfer from one Katalsyator @@ location to a subsequent one through fresh synthesis gas mixture according to patent no. ........... (L 49154 IVa / 12g) is therefore identified by the central arrangement of one, extending approximately over the entire height of the Katalsuyatorfüll (3) of the furnace insert extending, continuous, primarily from preheated fresh gas flowed through cooling tube system (7) than for the reaction gas wall permeable in the cross-flow along a whole diameter of the guide tube (2) and baffle plates (6) with alternating wall-side gas passages for generation a cross-flow of gas through the cooling tube system (7) that changes for each cooling stage.

Der Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist im folgenden anhand der Figuren 1 bis 3 der Zeichnung schematisch und beispielsweise erläutert.The object of the present invention is based on the following FIGS. 1 to 3 of the drawing are explained schematically and by way of example.

Figur 1 zeigt den Querschnitt durch das Kühlröhrensystem gemGB der Linie a-a des Grundrisses nach Fig. 3, Fig. 2 den Querschnitt. nach der Linie b-b der Figez In allen drei Figuren bedeutet 1 symbolisch den Ofenmantel oder Druckkörper, 2 das Leitrohr oder den Einsatzmantel, 3 und 4 in Fig. 1 den Gasein- und -ausgang, 5 die Katalysatorsäule, 6 die Schikanenbleche, 7 die Kühlröhren des Systems innerhalb des Katalysators, 8 Loch-oder Schlitzbleche oder Gitter zur Abtrennung des Kühlröhrensystems von der Katalysatorschüttung, 9 den Hauptwärmetauscher, 10 ein zentrales GaszufUhrungsrohr, in das gleichzeitig der Brenner von oben hineinragt und 11 ein mit dem vorer#§hnten koaxiales äußeres Gasumlenkungsrohr. Mit 12 sind etwa jeweils in-der HUhe der Schikanenbleche 6 angeordnete S*mmelkAsten bezeichnet, die insbesondere gemlß der Darstellung in Fig. 2 den Zweck haben, von beiden Seiten her eine verschiedene Anzahl von Kühlröhren 7 aufzunehmen, wenn die Verminderung oder Vermehrung oder eine Änderung in Durohmesser oder WandstErke soloher Kühlröhren in verschiedgnalHöhen der Katalysatorsäule notwendig ist. Die Kühlröhren 7 können aber auch entsprechend der Anordnung des Stammpatents mit unveränderter Anzahl und Stärke, also ohne zwischengeschaltete Verteilerkasten 12 durch die ganze Katalysatorsäule hinduroh geführt werden.FIG. 1 shows the cross section through the cooling tube system according to FIG Line a-a of the plan according to Fig. 3, Fig. 2 the cross section. after the line b-b the Fig. In all three figures, 1 symbolically means the furnace shell or pressure body, 2 the guide tube or the insert jacket, 3 and 4 in Fig. 1 the gas inlet and outlet, 5 the catalyst column, 6 the baffles, 7 the cooling tubes of the system within of the catalyst, 8 perforated or slotted plates or grids to separate the cooling pipe system from the catalyst bed, 9 the main heat exchanger, 10 a central gas supply pipe, into which at the same time the burner protrudes from above and 11 one with the previous one coaxial outer gas diversion tube. With 12 are about in-the height of the baffle plates 6 denotes arranged milk boxes, which are in particular according to the representation in Fig. 2 have the purpose of a different number of cooling tubes from both sides 7 to include if the reduction or Increase or change In durometer or wall thickness of single cooling tubes in different heights of the catalyst column necessary is. The cooling tubes 7 can also according to the arrangement of the Master patents with unchanged number and strength, i.e. without intermediate ones Distribution box 12 are guided through the entire catalyst column hinduroh.

Bei ausreichender Dichte der Packung der Kühlröhren 7 bzw. bei Verwendung eines Katalysators einer bestimmten Mindestkorngrdße können die Trennorgane 8 weggelassen werden.With sufficient density of the packing of the cooling tubes 7 or when using a catalyst of a certain minimum grain size, the separating elements 8 can be omitted will.

Das beschriebene KUhlröhrensystem kann nun entweder als konstruktive Einheit, etwa zusammen mit den Schikanenblechen in einem Stück zusammengebaut in das Leitrohr eingeführt werden, wobei die Füllung des letzteren mit Katalysator mit dem Einschub schritthalten muß oder es wird etagenweise, entsprechend dem Fortschreiten der FUllung aufeinander gesetzt.The KUhlröhrystem described can now either as a constructive Unit, roughly assembled in one piece together with the baffle plates in the guide tube is introduced, filling the latter with catalyst must keep pace with the insertion or it will be step by step, according to the progression the filling placed on top of each other.

In Fig. 1 ist die Möglichkeit einer Kaltgaszufuhr zu dem im Hauptwkrmetauscher 9 vorgewärmten Frimärgas angedeutet.In Fig. 1 is the possibility of a cold gas supply to that in the main heat exchanger 9 preheated primary gas indicated.

Fig. 2 läßt erkennen, wie im vorliegenden Falle dem Wunsch nach verstärkter Kühlung der ersten, besonders heißgehenden, oder aber der nächstfolgenden Katalysatoranlage durch Vermehrung der Anzahl und/oder der Art der Kühlröhren 7 entsprochen werden kann.Fig. 2 shows how in the present case the desire for increased Cooling of the first, particularly hot, or the next catalytic converter system can be met by increasing the number and / or the type of cooling tubes 7 can.

Fig. 2 zeigt aber auch, daB die Abmessungen dieser Kiihlrdhren 7 einer allfälligen zunehmenden Vergrößerung der einzelnen Katalysatorräume, bestimmt durch den jeweiligen Abstand der einzelnen Schikanenbleche 6 voneinander, angepaßt sind.However, FIG. 2 also shows that the dimensions of these cooling tubes 7 any increasing enlargement of the individual catalyst spaces, determined by the respective distance of the individual baffle plates 6 from each other, are adapted.

. Aus den Figuren 1 und 2 ist auBerdem zu entnehmen, wie dem Prinzip, eine relativ niedrige Eingangskatalsyatorlage mit Maximaltemperatur zu fahren, dadurch entsprochen werden kann, daß das vorgewärmte Frischgas mit seiner bis dahin erreichten Optimaltemperatur auf die nicht gekühlte Eingangskatalysatorlage aufgegeben wird.. From Figures 1 and 2 it can also be seen how the principle To drive a relatively low input catalytic converter position with maximum temperature, thereby can be met that the preheated fresh gas reached with its up to then Optimum temperature is given up on the non-cooled inlet catalyst layer.

Die beschriebene Einrichtung erlaubt auch die Verwendung des Syntheseofens in horizontaler Lage, wobei zweckmäßigerweise die aus den KUhlrdhren 7 gebildete Wand waagrecht anzuordnen ist.The device described also allows the use of the synthesis furnace in a horizontal position, advantageously the one formed from the KUhlrdhren 7 Wall is to be arranged horizontally.

PatentansprüchenClaims

Claims (6)

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e : 1. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung exothermer katalytischer Gasreaktionen, insbesondere der Ammoniakeynthese aus Stickstoff und Wasserstoff, mit vorzugsweise reaktorinterner Temperaturregelung mittels stufenweiser, indirekter Kühlung des heißen Reaktionsgases jeweils beim Obertritt von einer Katalysatorlage zu einer nachfolgenden durch friches Synthesegasgemisch nach Patent Nr. ............ (L 49 154 IVa/12g), 402 gekennzeichnet durch die zentrale Anordnung eines, sich annähernd über die ganze Höhe der Katalysatorfüllung (5) des Ofeneinsatzes erstreckenden, durchgehenden, primer vom vorgewärmten Frischgas durchströmten Kühlröhrensystem (7) als fUr das Reaktionsgas im Queratrom durchlässige Wand entlang eines ganzen Durchmessers des Leitrohrs (2) und von 8chikanenblechen (6) mit abwechselnden wandseitigen Gasdurch- @ lässen zur Erzeugung eines je Kühlstufe wechselnden Gasquerstrome durch das Kühlröhrensystem (7). P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e: 1. Device for carrying out exothermic catalytic gas reactions, in particular ammonia keynthesis from nitrogen and Hydrogen, preferably with temperature control inside the reactor by means of step-by-step, indirect cooling of the hot reaction gas when it passes over a catalyst zone to a subsequent by friches synthesis gas mixture according to patent no. ............ (L 49 154 IVa / 12g), 402 characterized by the central arrangement of a self extending approximately over the entire height of the catalyst filling (5) of the furnace insert, continuous cooling tube system through which the preheated fresh gas flows (7) as a wall that is permeable to the reaction gas in the transverse atmosphere along a whole Diameter of the guide tube (2) and of 8chikanen plates (6) with alternating wall-side Gas passages for generating a cross-flow of gas that changes for each cooling stage the cooling pipe system (7). 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daB das aus einzelnen Kühlröhren (7) beetehende System gegebenenfalls in vereohiedenen Höhen der Katalysatorsäule (5), vorzugsweise jeweile in der Ebene der Schikanenbleche (6) durch Samelkasten (12) unterbrochen ist, um auf jeder Seite eine von der anderen Seite verschiedene Anzahl oder Art von Kühlröhren (7) aufzunehmen.2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the out individual cooling tubes (7) bedetehende system, if necessary in Vereohiedenen heights the catalyst column (5), preferably each in the plane of the baffle plates (6) interrupted by collection box (12) to one on each side of the other Side to accommodate different number or type of cooling tubes (7). 3. Vorrichtung nach den AnsprUchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der allfälligen'Notwendigkeit verstärkter Kühlung des Reaktionsgases in bestimmten Abachnitten der KatalyvatoraCule (5) durch vermehrte Anordnung von Kühlrohren (7) gegebenenfalis e mit verznderten Abmessungen dereelben entsprochen wird.3. Device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that that the possible need for increased cooling of the reaction gas in certain Sections of the KatalyvatoraCule (5) through increased arrangement of cooling pipes (7) if necessary e with modified dimensions which the same is met. 4. Vorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3t dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das zentrale Kühlröhrensystem (7) von der beiderseits anliegenden Katalysatorschüttung mittels gaedurchläesiger Wände (8) in Form von Loch-oder Schlitzblechen oder Gittern getrennt ist.4. Device according to claims 1 to 3t, characterized in that that the central cooling pipe system (7) from the catalyst bed lying on both sides by means of permeable walls (8) in the form of perforated or slotted plates or grids is separated. 5. Vorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das zentrale Kühlrohrsystem (7), insbesondere nach der AusfUhrung gem§ß den AnsprUchen 2 und 3, aus konstruktiven Einheiten, vorzugsweise in der HUhe der jeweiligen Katalysatorlage bzw. in der Höhe des Abstandes der Schikanenbleche (6) voneinander, besteht.5. Device according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the central cooling pipe system (7), in particular according to the embodiment according to Claims 2 and 3, from structural units, preferably in the amount of the respective Catalyst layer or at the height of the distance between the baffle plates (6) from one another, consists. 6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daB sich das zuvor gekennzeichnete KUhlaystem nicht auf die oberste oder Eingangskatalysatorlage, gegebenenfalls auch nicht auf die Endabschnitte der Katalysatorsäule erstreckt.6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the previously marked KUhlaystem not on the top or inlet catalyst layer, possibly also does not extend to the end sections of the catalyst column. L e e r s e i t eL e r s e i t e
DE19661542293 1964-10-27 1966-09-14 Device for carrying out exothermic catalytic gas reactions Pending DE1542293A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT908464A AT254224B (en) 1964-10-27 1964-10-27 Method and device for carrying out exothermic catalytic gas reactions
DEL49154A DE1254604B (en) 1964-10-27 1964-10-29 Device for carrying out exothermic catalytic gas reactions
DEL0054544 1966-09-14

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DE1542293A1 true DE1542293A1 (en) 1970-03-26

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4019871A (en) * 1974-09-30 1977-04-26 General Electric Company Recombiner apparatus
WO2002079088A2 (en) * 2001-03-31 2002-10-10 Mg Technologies Ag Method for the catalytic production of ammonia from synthesis gas

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4019871A (en) * 1974-09-30 1977-04-26 General Electric Company Recombiner apparatus
WO2002079088A2 (en) * 2001-03-31 2002-10-10 Mg Technologies Ag Method for the catalytic production of ammonia from synthesis gas
WO2002079088A3 (en) * 2001-03-31 2002-11-28 Mg Technologies Ag Method for the catalytic production of ammonia from synthesis gas
US7172743B2 (en) 2001-03-31 2007-02-06 Gert Ungar Method for the catalytic production of ammonia from synthesis gas

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