DE1541426A1 - Electrical switch for high frequency circuits - Google Patents

Description

PATENT LAWYERS DIPL-INaKLAUSBERNHARDT Dr ₁ Q MpNCHEN 8

73

AMPHEIIOTj COHPORATIOIi

2801 South 25th Avenue Broadview, Illinois 60153 U.S.A.

Electrical switch for high frequency circuits

The invention relates generally to electrical switches for radio frequency circuits and, more particularly, to coaxial switches for High frequency with a module structure in which the electrical and mechanical properties of the switches obtained separately through the use of a plurality of interchangeable assemblies can be.

Radio frequency coaxial cable switches are known for separately switching radio frequency energy from a coaxial input port to one of two coaxial output ports. In order to meet the electrical requirements for different applications, there are different basic types of High frequency switches have been developed. For example, sometimes it is desirable to have the unused port on the transmission line short-circuit to the switch housing in order to electrically isolate it from the neighboring switch connections, especially at very high frequencies where the wavelengths of energy in the order of magnitude of the physical

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Dimensions of the switch parts are. Pur other switching applications has it turned out to be advantageous the disconnected high-frequency transmission line as complete open circle. "In addition, in such applications, like switching in the Pernaeli technique, sowing one) worc.en obtain electrical power by terminating each connection with its characteristic impedance when it is not is connected to another transmission line. Εε is also often desired to obtain a blind load for settings of the sender or receiver by a transmission line is connected to the potential cLes chassis by a resistor of a predetermined size. Other switching applications additionally require a fourth coaxial connector in order to be able to switch different pairs of transmission lines separately. In the known arrangements requires each of the different types mentioned in the preceding sr. from coaxial switches a separate switch with a different structure.

Furthermore, high frequency coaxial switches of the same basic type require different mechanical arrangements of the external connections, which accommodate the coaxial transmission lines, with regard to the electrical properties. Some; 3 Applications of coaxial switches require mechanical point of view, all the connections are provided on a side of the switch body, while in other applications it is desired ^v, the input Übeütragungsleitung at the

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Outlet lines opposite side of container body ^ to attach. So far, the half-holder bodies have been of different types mechanical training required to handle the various connection arrangements of the transmission line to obtain.

Therefore, one purpose of the invention is to provide a coaxial «· switch of such an improved. Training for sheep. that an interchangeability of the parts is made possible.

In particular, the invention is intended to provide an improved electrical. Create switches of simple and cheap construction, to separate a first high-reciuenii signal transmission linej to be connected to one of two other such lines «, while the unconnected I-cdtung in a predetermined way is completed.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved switch create for a high-frequency transmission line that o: .nen Contains switch body which is constructed so that it makes the connection of line connection 'components with the switch body in different arrangements.

The invention provides a modular construction with a. Switch body and a minimum number of ropes inserted into can easily be exchanged to a large one Number of different switches zi. result, whereby the The need for a separate mechanical training for each different Schalteirfcvp is eliminated.

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Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in FIG Drawing shown, namely are

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an assembled Switch housing and switch actuation device,

Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the switch housing with a short-circuit termination assembly ,

Pig. 5 is a longitudinal section through a central part of the assembled switch housing with a short-circuit termination assembly,

Pig. 4 is a perspective view of the switch actuator according to the invention,

5 is a longitudinal section through a middle part of the assembled switch housing with the Switch actuation device,

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a non

short-circuiting all-out assembly that is in Connection with the switch can be used,

7 is a perspective view of a resistor termination assembly;

A perspective view einei- transfer complete assembly, which turns with the switching _"ver" can be Fig. 8,

9 shows a cross section along the line 9-9 in i * ig. a resistor termination assembly,

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Pig. Figure 10 is a cross-section of a transmission termination assembly taken along line 10-10 of Pig. 8 and

Pig. 11a to c representations of various possible Alignments for the fittings on the assembled switch.

Pig. 1 shows a switch housing 10 having a terminal plate 12 connected to a main body block 14. A switch actuator 15 is attached to a: Mounted on the side of the switch housing 10 and contains a 3-housing 16 and connections 17 »to receive the electrical actuation signals from a control source (not shown). The connecting fittings 18 and 23, which contain inner mother conductors 22 and 24, which receive the coaxial transmission lines, are permanently connected to the 3-part connection plate 12. A terminal assembly 26, which will be described in detail below, is fastened to the terminal plate 12 by fastening means. The terminal plate 12 and the main body block 14 are connected to one another by roller pins 28, the bores 30 of which are provided in the plate 12 around the Switch 10 to be attached for different applications.

Pig. Fig. 2 shows that the terminal bar 12 of switch three Openings 34, 36 and 38 extend through the plate. With the opening 36 is a receiving recess or a slot 40 in connection, iie (de :?) transversely to the central part the connection plate extends. In openings 34 and 38 the connection fittings 18 and 20 are attached. The rearwardly extending ends 42 and 44 of the inner mother ladder 22 and 24 held in place by insulating inserts 46 and 48,

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are with elongated switch blades or tongues 50 and 51 connected and serve to hold the same. Dm the connecting roller pins 28, there are 12 holes in tier connection plate 52 is provided, while holes 54 are used to secure a termination assembly enable. One provided on the other side of the plate 12 Threaded hole 55 takes fastening precautions during attachment the switch notification device 15.

The sheets 50 and 51 are so msgebil.det that they are very good Have hold contact properties. The pointed and angled Forming the free ends of the switching sheets is particularly important as it allows the sheets to be attached to a be used by several termination assemblies that have different have mechanical shapes and electrical properties. The blades are made of flexible metallic material, e.g. beryllium copper, formed with a material, e.g. gold, overdone to ensure good contacts.

The main body block 14 has a channel 56 with flared end portions 58 and 59 to accommodate the movable switch blades 50 and 51 when the block 14 is attached to the terminal board 12. The channel 56 and the enlarged end portions extend only about halfway into the main body block 14 to form a switching chamber which is bounded by conductive walls when the switch is assembled. An opening 60 extends through the channel 56 and communicates with the base of a receiving slot 62, de :? has the same dimensions as the slot 40 and extends across a central portion of the top surface of the main body block 14. The walls of the opening '909829/0896

BATH ORIGINAL

and the receiving slot 62 may be tapered to facilitate leg to the introduction of a termination assembly · Four threaded holes 64 are provided in the body block H and spaced from each other to circuit plate with holes 54 in the presence] to be in "Compound 12 Additionally, bind roller pin holes 66 aligned with pin holes 52 during assembly of the switch to receive mounting pins 28. On the side of main body block 14 are threaded holes 68 and 70 for mounting a switch actuator 15 while actuating pin holes 72 and a hole 74 are provided for receiving a spring to receive elements of the switch operating device, as will be described below.

The wave resistance of a circularly cut coaxial transmission line is known to be a puncture of the ratio between the inner diameter of the outer conductor and the outer diameter of the inner conductor and the one in between lying dielectric. Likewise, the impedance of the assembled switch is dependent on the dimensions and the geometric design of the channel 56 and the switching sheets 50 and 51 with air as the dielectric. So if the Cross-sectional dimensions of the channel are selected in conjunction with a suitable design of the blades 50 and 51, the assembled switch gives a desired characteristic impedance for a connected transmission line. Since connection fittings 18 and 20 an approximate impedance matching

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ORIGINAL INSPECTED

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between the transmission lines connected therein, there is a relatively low ratio of the standing voltage wave from the switch.

Referring to Fig. 2, a connector assembly 75 has a rectangular base 76 of modular design to mate with and substantially fill the receiving slot 62 or slot 40. A mounting screw 78 and locking washer 80 are used with each bore 82 to releasably secure the base 56 in each receiving slot. Although an N-type nut fitting 84 is shown in the drawing extending from base 76, other standard fitting designs , such as a TSO or BNC fitting, may of course also be used. In this way, the switch 10 can be adapted to be used with a standard connector plug for a high frequency coaxial cable.

The formation of the connection assembly 75 and their interaction with the assembled switch results from Pig. 3 showing assembly 75 within receiving slot 62 of the body block 14 is set. An insulator 86 of insulating material such as polytetrafluoroethylene is located within the metallic Connection fitting 84 attached by means of inwardly extending planes 88. In addition, a mother contact 90 is fixed to his Space is held within the insulator 86 by means of a knurled portion 92 and a metallic bushing 94 is inside the connection fitting 84 fastened by means of a flat part 96 »

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On the inwardly extending heap of the Eontakt pen is a contact socket 98 set with Preßsi / Z, which consists of a Material containing gold, fabricated and plated with silver can to provide a terminal with satisfactory properties for use between the estimators 50 and 51 within of the channel 56 of the scarf tners.

In Pig. 2, a short-circuit termination assembly 99 is shown in a fixed position on the connection plate 12. The rectangular base portion 100 pass i are in the receiving slot 40 of the Anschluöplatte 12 and fills dLesenim essentially of and holes 102 with the holes 54 in advance extension to accommodate fixing means, for example one bolt 104 and a blocking IMT it lags before ibe 106. The screw 104th Not only does the termination assembly sit in the receptacle ζ 40, it also creates a mechanical tension on the connection between the connection plate 12 and the main body alock 1a by screwing it into the M-opening of the hole 64.

Two vertically extending contact parts 108 and 110 e are formed from one piece with the base part 100 of the course termination assembly. \ Iewa. The assembly 99 is attached to the connection plate 12, the vertically extending contact parts pass through the ÖV.fnung 36 and extend through the channel 56 in order to surround the silk parts of the switching sheets 150 and 51. According to Flg. 3 sees the normal use of the switch, the sheet 50 in contact with the relevant

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speaking contact part 108 of the short-circuit termination assembly, whereby the unconnected transmission line to the Potential of the chassis is short-circuited. The other switching sheet 51 is in contact with the contact socket 98 of the connection assembly. If the switch is operated in a manner described below, it will normally be short-circuited Switching sheet 50 held in contact with the contact socket 98, while the other sheet 51 against its corresponding contact part 110 of the short-circuit termination assembly is short-circuited.

The vertically extending contact portions 108 and 110 of Short-circuit termination assemblies can be made of conductive material, e.g. brass, and flattened, e.g. made of gold, be processed. The contact parts are shaped as longitudinal sections of a cylinder which is approximately the diameter of the has openings 36 and 60. When the contact portions extend into the channel 56, the flat inner surfaces of the Contact portions flush with the side walls of the channel 56 to provide a constant width channel between the enlarged end portions 58 and 59 to form.

The termination assembly 99 is in position with the connection assembly 75 interchangeable and the internal dimensions of the channel 56 are kept constant in every position of the final assembly. This enables the mechanical design of the switch to be changed without changing the basic electrical Properties of the switch are destroyed.

The switch operating device 15, which is located in the housing 16

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is included, results in detail from the figures 4 and 5, with a wound wire coil 112 from the holder block 114 is held and is conductively connected to the connections 17 by lines 116. Preferably the wire coil is 112 covered with an insulating tape layer. A metallic core 118 extends longitudinally through the center of wire coil 112 and is supported by a seed holder held, which consists of insulating material. An armature 122 is pivotally mounted with respect to the coil 112 and the core 118 and consists of a material that responds to magnetic forces. The anchor includes an elongated anchor arm 124 with an L-shaped slot 126. From FIG. 5 it can be seen that a Spring 128 located in hole 74 in main body block 14 is to normally bias the anchor arm 124 against the stop arm 129.

A base plate 130 is attached to the switch 10 by a pin 132 attached, which through the bore 134 of the holder block 114, the opening 136 in the base plate and the threaded hole 70 in the body block 14 fit. The switch actuator 15 is further connected to switch 10 by fasteners 138 which are in contact with threaded holes 55 and 68 (FIG. 2) and also fit through the hole 140 in the holder 120 and the slotted portion 142 in the base plate 130. A spring 128 extends through the hole 143 in the base plate 130 and pins 144 and 146 extend for switch actuation

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into the channel 56 and slide through the openings 147 and through the holes 72 formed in the side of the main body β blocks 14 are provided. The actuation pins 144 and 146 consist of non-conductive material, e.g. a polymer of trifluorochloroethylene or tetrafluoroethylene, and have a Diameter greater than the width of the Ir-shaped slot 126 which is arranged in the anchor arm 124. When an excitation current is supplied to the wire coil 112 through the terminals 17 is, the electromagnet 118 is energized and pulls magnetically anchor 122 on. When the armature pivots about its axis, the armature arm 124 overcomes d: Le pretensioning of the spring 128, to put the pins 144 and 146 to operate the switch under Iteuck, to get the scarf blades 50 and 51 out of their normal To move positions. When the coil 112 is turned off, the armature 122 and anchor arm 124 return to their in pig. 5 shown lay back, allowing the flexible switch blades to return to their normal positions.

In order to be able to use the switch in a case where it is necessary that the unconnected transmission lines be terminated in an open circuit, a non-shorting termination assembly 148 (Pig. 6) can be connected to the switch. The non-shorting termination assembly is constructed in a similar manner as the shorting Absehluß-B & ugruppe 99 with the exception that an intermediate layer 149 of insulating material such as a thermosetting electrical B _a nd of glass fabric, on the inner flat

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Ropes the vertically extending contact parts 150 and "is attached. Thus, when one € s the switch leaves nod with the Contact socket 9β · is connected, the sheet of the switch housing isolated to provide an effective open circuit for the unconnected coaxial transmission line. Since the Base part 154 has the same modular design as the base part the short-circuit termination module has, the non-short-circuit Assembly 148 can be reversed in its position relative to the connection assembly 75.

In the case of a circuit for television purposes and in the setting for the transmitter and receiver, it is often desirable to terminate the unconnected transmission line with a certain impedance to the chassis. This can be done using a resistor termination assembly 156. The structure of such an assembly 156 is shown in detail in FIGS. An insulating insert 162 with a press fit, which can consist of polytetrafluoroethylene, for example, and which contains two parallel ridges 164 and 166, is fitted in the cylindrical cavity. In each groove there is a resistor 168 of a certain impedance, an orange · ·. A ΐΓ-shaped contact 170 with two contact parts is held by a pin 172, which in turn is attached to the insulating insert 162 within an opening.

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is brought. One terminal of each of the resistors 168 is soldered to contact 170, while the remaining pair of Resistance connectors with the conductive annular lip 160 is connected. You resistors 168 are thus between the U-shaped contact 170 and the base part 158 connected in parallel, around a desired performance value for the switch within the space dimensions of the modular design of the Switch. For example, two 1/4 watt resistors can be used to get a value of 1/2 watt for the switch to obtain·

It is assumed that a connector assembly 75 in the Receiving slot 62 of the main body block 14 has been inserted and secured therein. The contact socket 98 is then in the Center between the switch sheets 50 and 51 (Fig. 5). When the resistor termination assembly 156 is connected in the receiving slot 40, the arms of the contact 170 include the free end portions of the switching blades 50 and 51 · Zn each position of the switch, a switch blade is in contact with an arm of the U-shaped contact 170, whereby the non-terminated transmission line against chassis ground via parallel resistors 168 is completed. Any value can be used for resistors 168 in accordance with the requirements of the particular S tain processes can be used. Furthermore makes the modular design of the resistor termination assembly possible, the positions of the termination assembly and the connection

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Reverse assembly 75 and in the event of a damaged resistor assembly 156 easily can be removed and a new assembly, he set to et.

Application examples often arise in which four high-frequency transmission lines have to be switched separately in order to connect two pairs of transmission lines in each position of the switch. This can be accomplished by using a transmission termination assembly 174 in the invention. How to get out of the Pig. 8 and 10, the termination assembly 174 includes a rectangular section 176 of the same modular configuration as the termination assemblies discussed above. A rearwardly extending connection fitting 178 is integrally connected to the base part 176 and is shown in the drawing as a conventional ΙΓ-connection, although other known types of connection fittings can also be used. An insulating insert 180, preferably made of insulating material, for example polytetrafluoroethylene, is fitted into an opening provided within the base part 176 and is locked in place by flanges 182. An annular conductive extension 184 is formed from one piece on the base part 176 and extends outward in order to produce a secure mechanical fit in the opening 36 or 60 of the switch 10. Because of the knurled portion 186, an elongated nut pin 188 fits tightly into the insert 180 and a U-shaped outer contact 190 similar in construction to the contact 170 used in conjunction with the resistor termination assembly is feat within a slot

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arranged in the insert 180 by means of a mounting pin 192 is provided. Thus, there is an electrical path for the radio frequency energy from the mother pin 188 to the outer U-shaped contact 190 made. In one of the resistor termination assemblies Similarly, the U-shaped external contact 190 includes the Schaltbläcter 50 and 51, in such a way that the sheet 50 normally has a <3n contsict with the corresponding External contact part manufactures, whereby normally a pair of the transmission lines is connected while the remaining sheet is against the contact socket 98 to a electrically connecting second pair of transmission lines. The leaves are arranged so that they are the two different Connect pairs of transmission lines when the blades have been actuated by the device 15.

The transmission termination module 174 is formed in a manner which corresponds to the assembly described above, whereby it is interchangeable with the connection assembly 75 to to give the advantages of the adaptable mechanical design of the switch.

According to Pig. 11 can be the mechanical design of the switch 10 can be carried out by the appropriate selection and alignment of a connection assembly. The Pig. 11a and 11b show the reversibility the connection assembly 75 and the connection assemblies according to the invention, while the Pig. 11c the use of a Transmission termination assembly 174 shows.

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It can be seen from the description that a switch constructed according to the invention has the advantage that it is simple and cheap to manufacture, while in addition it results in great adaptability in construction. The basic switch can be used, for example, to set up several different mechanical connection arrangements, as shown in fig. 11 shows to create. In addition, a plurality of switches with differing electrical properties can be created by using the basic switch with a selected terminating assembly as described. This new design, which enables interchangeability of the parts and provides for easy assembly of the switch in accordance with a selected electrical property, provides a significant manufacturing advantage. Also, the reduction results in the number of G-around parts of the switch to a more robust, but less expensive high-frequency coaxial switch.

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Claims (1)

15AH26 , Claims 1. Electrical switch for high frequency circuits, characterized by an elongated switch housing with a longitudinally extending inner chamber and upper and lower surfaces, each of which is provided with a recess in the central part, the housing being provided with a first pair of openings, which extend inwardly from the bases of the recesses in communication with the chamber, and are also provided with a pair of additional openings which extend inwardly from one of the surfaces in communication with the end portions of the chamber, through first and second connection fittings, is extending through the additional openings, and are fixed to the housing, wöbe.I each terminal fitting has an outer end portion, DER for connection to a transmission line suitable sow'e an inner end portion with a conductor which extends in the Kanmer extends and is isolated from the housing by first and second switches Leaves which are bound to the conductors of the connection fittings and extend along the chamber at a distance from the Wändeii ler chamber, the free end portions of the Slialtblätter are arranged at a distance from the conductors in the area in dom the first Pair of openings with the chamber ixt connection sttht, through a connection assembly with a base part, which in one of the ex. savings can be received, wherein the Aischluß assembly has an outer end portion, which can be coupled to a transmission line, and an inner end portion mi; a contact 909829/0896 BATH ORIGINAL 1541-26 having element, which is arranged between the free end parts of the switching blades in the chamber, and by means which are connected to the housing for moving the switching blades, whereby one of the switching blades:? in contact with the lion tatet element arranged werlen kair-i. " ,1. Electrical switch according to Claim 1, characterized by a terminating assembly with a base part which points into a slot a.3st and two contact parts which encompass the free end parts of the Sohaltb.l Blätter in the comb ar, and by a Beta, tigimgs device which is connected to the housing in order to move the switching blades, whereby in each position of the switch one of the switching blades can be arranged in contact with the contact element and the remaining switching blade in contact with one of the vertically extending contact parts can be arranged .. 3 “Electrical switch for high frequency circuits, characterized by an elongated connection plate with a slot which extends across the middle part of its outer surface and has three openings, one of the openings in connection with de; i! G-i'undtsil of the slit s; eht unH. the remaining openings are arranged in the opposite sides of the slot, by e3:, 3rd and zx ^ eite connections, which extend through the var- "olsib ^ nian openings and are fastened to the connection plate" each outlet fitting has an outer, end part to which ei: ae transmission lines are coupled kaiaxi, a 9 0 9 8 2 9/0896 -, prio has an inner end with a conductor isolated from the board by first and second switch blades attached to the Head of the connection fittings are connected and calibrated lengthways of the elongate connection plate at a distance from the inner surface of the connection plate, the free end portions of the Switching leaves are arranged away from the conductors near the central part of the inner surface of the terminal plate, by a Main body block connected to the connector plate and having inner and outer surfaces, the block having a channel with flared end portions in the inner surface to to receive the switch sheets, and furthermore has a slot which extends transversely to a central part of the outer surface, which communicate with the channel by means of an opening through the block stands, by a connection assembly with a base part that can be received in one of the slots and this in substantially fills, the connection assembly having an outer end portion to which the transmission line can be coupled, and having an inner end portion with a contact disposed between the free end portions of the sheet sheets by a Final assembly with a base that fits into the remaining slot and essentially fills it, and continues to do so has two vertically extending contact parts which comprise the free end parts of the switch blades, and by means for releasably connecting the connection assembly and the termination assembly in the slots. 909829/0896 4. Electrical switch according to claim 3, characterized by a main body block with opposite inner ones and outer surfaces and opposing side surfaces, the block being provided with a pair of second openings extending through the block from a lateral surface to the channel and by an actuator, which is connected to the side faces of the block and an electromagnet, one biased by a spring Armature operated by the solenoid and pins which extend through the second openings in the block to transmit movement from the armature to the switching blades. 5. Electrical switch according to claim 4, characterized in that each vertically extending contact part of the termination assembly having an inner planar surface and an outer curved surface, the inner planar surfaces being spaced apart arranged from each other - are and extensions of the walls of the channel form in the main body block. 6. Electrical switch according to claim 4 »characterized in that the flat surfaces of the vertically extending contact parts of the termination assembly are coated with a non-conductive material, so that a Schaltblati; cannot be connected to one of the contact parts in a conductive manner. 7. Electrical switch according to claim 4, characterized in that that the termination assembly contains a resistor that is connected to the 90982 9/08 96 154U26 is connected, Kftikal extending contact parts, so that when a sheet touches one of the contact parts, a certain impedance between the chassis ground and the transmission line is made, which is not with the contact element of the Connection assembly is connected. 8. Electrical switch according to claim 4> characterized in that that the vertically extending contact parts of the termination assembly with a center conductor have a :? Transmission line connected so that the switch sheets can be switched between two different pairs of transmission lines. 9. Connection assembly for use with a high-frequency switch housing, which has a recess in an outer surface, characterized by a rectangular base part which is detachable fits into the recess in the housing and essentially fills it, by means of a connection extension that is made in one piece with the base part is formed and can be connected to a coaxial transmission line, the terminal extension has an insert and an inner conductor, and by a vertically extending contact socket which is connected to the inner conductor. 10. Short-circuit termination assembly for connection to a switch of a coaxial line, characterized by a conductive rectangular base part, dor removably fits into a receiving slot and this substantially fills, and through two vertically extending contact parts formed integrally with the base part, each contact part one 909829/0896 having an inner flat surface and an outer curved surface. 11. Non-shorting termination assembly for connection at a switch on a hooffrequency transmission line » characterized by a rectangular BaBieteil that is detachable fits into a receiving slot and essentially fills it, and by two vertically extending contact parts, each of which - a curved outer surface and a flat inner » having surface, the inner surface of each contact part '_j is covered with a non-conductive material. 12. resistive termination Baugrippe for connection to a switch of a high frequency KoaxialübortragungBleitung, characterized by a rectangular base portion which releasably fits into a receiving slot in the switch and substantially filling, by an insulating insert that fits into the base portion and two parallel slots on v / eist, through two vertically extending contact parts connected to the insert, and through resistors placed in each slot are and electrically in parallel between the contact parts and the. ^ Base part are switched. 13. Transmission-completion-3aug: mppe fix the connection a switch of a Hocfcfreiquonz-Üei'tragungsleitu.ng through a right-seki & en base part, which can be solved in a slot in the switch fits and this in vesentlehen fills, through Ansohlulieinr lines that are integral with the :. 909829/0 8 96 Base part connected to receive a transmission line are, by an Isoliereineatz in the contact device is held by an internal nut contact contained in the insert and to the transmission line can be connected, and by a U-shaped contact with two vertically extending contact parts, each contact part being conductively connected to the inner conductor is. 909829/0896 -2f- Blank page