DE1532689A1 - centrifuge - Google Patents

Description

Baker Perkins Inc., Saginaw, Michigan, .'ISA centrifuge

The invention relates to centrifuges in which a slurry consisting of a mixture from liquid and: solids centrifugal forces exposed so that the liquid is drawn off, and the solids as a cake within remain in the centrifuge. In particular, the invention is directed to a! Device and on procedures for regulating the withdrawal speed an intermittent centrifuge to maintain a liquid level inside the centrifuge * Sustaining and thus the settling of a cake of even thickness is possible from the solid to allow in the centrifuge.

When using a centrifuge sur achievement a song »in the form of a solid cake “Is on a rotating sieve or drum

it is important that the thickness of the deposited solids be as uniform as possible, thus avoided is that the centrifuge is subjected to forces resulting from an uneven weight distribution around the axis of rotation result. Not all sludges or the like subjected to centrifugation. can in exactly that be worked in the same way, because some 1 est bodies allow the liquid with more or less to be withdrawn at great speed «than is the case with other! solids. As a result has »On two different types of centrifuges designed so far, one of which works with sludge where the take-off speed exceeds the speed at which the centrifuge is carrying the slurry is charged, while the other is used for the cases where this charging speed is above the withdrawal speed is. In the former case will be prevents uneven solid precipitation by a rake, which the radially inner surfaces of the pest body cake, while the inner peripheral part of the apparatuses mentioned above ! Solid bodies in a liquid state, so to speak a liquid level is held so that the solids flow over each other and a cake of im form substantially uniform thickness. Generally speaking, the liquid level method is the one preventable 8yste »for most products. The plumbing

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ivei different kinds τοη centrifuges too having to can be expensive for a user «not only la in terms of the cost of the centrifuges themselves, rather also with regard to the space requirement two such Facilities · In cases where a single centrifuge τοη one operating mode to the other is indivisible, the move can be a laborious and expensive undertaking.

The object of the present invention is therefore a centrifuge operating at a liquid level, velche in the general sense is unireraellable because ■ ie as well for fast as for slow peeling Materials is useful without requiring any noticeable modification.

Such a centrifuge preferably has a perforated one Member through which the liquid can be withdrawn, the withdrawal speed of the liquid can be regulated to achieve the optimum take-off speed.

In addition, the withdrawal speed should be of the centrifuge according to the invention during the gate of the centrifuge operation.

BATH

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Veiter, the invention is directed to an improved one Method x for settling a uniform cake of solids to be quickly dehydrated in a centrifuge, where dewatering is to be understood to mean any fume cupboard liquid

This: method is intended in a further development of the invention can still be improved to the effect that the withdrawal speed of the liquid from the sludge can be regulated in a centrifuge.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description in conjunction Bit the drawings The drawings show in:

Pig · 1 a partial longitudinal section through a mor direction according to the invention, the section being drawn substantially along the line 1-1 of FIG is;

Figure 2 is a partial cross-section taken along line 2-2 of Figure 1;

3 shows a partial section from a modified version

leadership style;

Fig ·· * a representation similar to Fig. 3 for re- would give another amendment;

Fig. 5 ine of: Ag. · »Similar representation to the again · would give another amendment; and in

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tl £ g · 6 a representation corresponding to FIG Reproduction of a further modified embodiment according to the invention.

The embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2

the centrifuge according to the invention contains a Hauptein
frame 1, on which the ring-shaped, moist housing 2 is attached · The housing 2 contains a cylindrical band 3 "with a radial flange U on one side, which is secured by screws 5 or the like. is attached to the frame 1. On the other side of the edge 3 there is another radial flange 6 onto which a cover plate 7 is screwed.

On the frame 1, a rotatable shaft 9 is mounted in bearings 8, one end of which in a suitable manner is connected to a drive motor (not shown) On the other end of the shaft 9 sits a centrifuge 10 »consisting of side plates arranged at a distance or disks 11 and 12, between which either one unperforated conical or - as shown - cylindrical member 13 is mounted · On the inner surface of the member ·· 13 sits a large number of τοη spacers 1%, which “grasp and carry in perforated sieve 15. Si ···· perforated screen sits at a distance to the inside Tom Glied 13, so that "" in "ring chamber 16 between the links 13 and IJi arises.

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At diametrically opposite points around the circumference of the side plate 11 there is mounted a number of valve assemblies 17, each consisting of the tubular housing in which a sleeve 19 sits, and is provided with a bore SO which extends radially to the axis of the shaft. A transverse channel 21 is in communication with each bore 20 so that it is connected to the annular chamber 16. In each bore 20, a valve 22 with a tubular shaft 23 is mounted for radial reciprocation, which is connected to the channel 21 is in communication through passages 2k * On the radially inner end of each shaft 23 sits an enlarged head 25, in the face of which an annular groove 26 is provided the head 25 and the housing 28 to allow the escape of liquid. The construction and arrangement of the valve assemblies 17 is chosen such that when the centrifuge 10 rotates, the valves 22 are pressed into a radially outer position by the centrifugal force As can be seen from Fig. 1, in which 4i "passages 2k " establish a connection between the longitudinal chamber i € UmA t £ * n bore · »20 · In these positions the vent The δρ * 2 $ g «g * n the sleeves 19 and •• greens * n thus di · radially outwardly directed« movement of the valve «22.

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line mounting plate 29 is on the main frame 1 with Help sound screws or the like. fixed, τοπ which one is indicated at 30 in FIG. The plate 29 is connected to an annular carrier 31, which in an opening 32 in the frame 1 and through which the shaft 9 rotates) ar extends. A suitable packing 33 surrounds the shaft 9 and vird by a Holding ring 3b held.

On the mounting plate 31 is with the help of bolts 35 or the like. a trough member 36 is attached which has a mounting flange 37 in which the bolts 35 are received. In addition, there is a radially inwardly facing flange 38 which, together with the inner surface of the mounting plate 31, forms an annular fixed trough 39. In connection with the trough 39 there is a passage UO in the plate 31, in which a fastening device is received which is fastened to the inde of a tube U2, with the aid of which the liquid can be introduced into the trough 39 from a source (not shown). In the Bohr k2 a suitable \ 'ntil k $ is provided in order to be able to regulate the liquid flow from this source to the trough 39.

Each valve assembly 17 is connected to the trough via a

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tubular line or a shovel tube kj connected, dft · is welded or otherwise fastened to the centrifuge 10 in a suitable manner, so that it can ax around her · The radially inner end of each tube fk5 is open and extends between the fastening plate 31 and the! Hansch 38, so that it protrudes into the trough 39 The other or radially outer end of each tube U5 is also open and extends in a block U6, which is mounted in the vicinity of the associated valve housing 18 and has a transverse bore 1 * 7 is in connection, which in turn is connected at one end to the recess 26 in the valve head 25. The other edge of the passage fcT is closed by a plug Ί8. A discharge pipe 50 is connected to the trough 39, one end of which is connected to a fastening device 51, which extends through an opening in the mounting plate 31 similar to the fastening device kl · A valve 52 can be installed in the pipe 50, to be able to open and close this pipe as required.

Inside the centrifuge 10 is a knife box assembly 53, as for example in the 'TB patent 3 092 575 Tom I), June 1963. This knife arrangement Can be used to · scrape pest bodies from the centrifuge *. Ib: Connection with knife box 53 is established

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a discharge channel 5 ¹ *, which extends through the opening provided through the annular flange 12 and through an opening 55 which is seen in the cover plate T of the wet housing 2.

A sludge delivery line also extends through the opening 55 56, the end of which is bent so that it runs axially of the centrifuge 10 · On this tube sits a sludge dividing member 57 of the usual design.

When operating in the direction of the gate, a slurry of liquid and solids is introduced into the interior of the rotating centri ile. This slurry is subject to centrifugal forces so that the liquid passes through the perforated grid, while the solid particles are retained on this perforated grid and form a cake on the inner surface. The liquid which has passed through the grid is collected in the chamber 16. As long as the valves 22 move in their sweeter positions, as shown in Fig. 1, the liquid from the chamber 16 through the passages 21 and the passages can 2k enter the bore of the Ventilschaftee 23 so that it from the centrifuge in the wet housing 2 exit · The liquid caught in the wet housing can τοη there through one or more of the suction

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Openings 58 are delivered.

If the withdrawal rate of the liquid from the centrifuge is greater than that which maintains a liquid level which ensures a deposit of uniform cake thickness, then the valve k3 in the liquid supply pipe k2 is opened at the same instant that the valve 60, in general, the sludge supply pipe is opened so that! merriment can enter the trough .39. If a batch of centrifugal luge is given up and valve 60 is closed, valve U3 is also closed. The liquid to be added through line k2 can be a separately regulated liquid, for example water or mother liquor fixed trough 39 has one. continued rotation of the centrifuge 10 with the result that the radially inner ends of the leads to pass through k5 liquid in the trough, so that the liquid vird layers were removed. the introduced as in the lines \ 5 liquid is exposed to the centrifugal force, so that it moves radially outwards τοη the feed to the valve assemblies 17 via the passages kf . This control fluid is guided from the passages UT to the recesses 26 between the valve spigots 25 and the sleeves 29.

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Arrangements under one generated by centrifugal force Pressure exerts a force on the valves 22 in the correct ratio to the rotational speed of the centrifuge and in such a direction that the valves moved inwards and thus the passages 21 rerengt or closed verden and at the same time the deduction the HLÜssigkeit from the chamber 16 either delayed or made impossible. The control fluid thus serves the circulation of the centrifuge Generated centrifugal force to overcome the centrifugal force acting on the I Entile 22 and thus to the Adjustment of the latter between positions in which the liquid evacuated from the centrifuge possible and impossible and the desired cake liquid level is maintained in the centrifuge.

The control fluid introduced into the valve arrangement IT will possibly exit via the transfer channels 27 in the le nt ilk op 25 if the fluid flow μ the trough 39 is not maintained. By keeping the valve FC3 open during the spinning with the valve 60 closed and adjusting the flow rate of the liquid to the trough 39, it is maintained in a state of equilibrium so that ITOntile 22 remains in each gate-specific setting.

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When the trough 39 is emptied viii, then the valve 1 * 3 is closed and the valve 52 is opened, before the liquid in the trough is drawn off through the discharge pipe 50.

By regulating the positions of the valves 22 it can be done the suction speed of the liquid from the centrifuge regulate so that the precipitation of a cake on the surrounding perforated grid is possible in such a way vird that the mirror retention of various materials precipitated by centrifugal force the liquid level process becomes possible.

<
The embodiment shown in Fig. 3 corresponds essentially to the embodiment described, but differs from the latter in that a trough 39a is formed by a bowl-shaped member 31a which is attached to the plate 11 so that it rotates with the latter. Lines U5a are provided at diamterically opposite distances, the ends of which are located radially on the inside and are connected to the trough, while the ends on the radially outer side are connected to the valve arrangement 17, as described above. The member 31a has a central opening through which a control fluid supply pipe U2a extends in order to be able to introduce fluid into the trough 39a. A

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Valve U3a controls the '; Flow of candy through the Pipe fc2a · The operation of the device according to '.Ag. 3 * takes place in the same way, yie with the one previously described Contraption. ·

The embodiment of the invention according to FIG. U is based on the fact that the centrifugal force causes the valve arrangement 1? pushes into its closed position and uses a pressure medium, either air or liquid, to move the valve assembly to its open position. In this modified embodiment, a liquid supply line 65 communicates at one end with the valve housing 18 in substantially the same manner as previously described. The other end of the line 65 is in communication with a bore 66 in the shaft, which in turn is connected via a rotary connection 6T to a supply pipe 68 which leads to a pressure medium source, which is not shown, however, '.' Sin valve 69 can serve to control the pressure medium flow su.

In operation, opening the valve 69 allows entry of the pressure medium in the valve housing 18, so that this acts on the valve head 25 and a force the valve exerts in the opposite direction to the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the centrifuge

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the valve in the radial direction inward into one position Is pushed, in the liquid clay of the chamber 16 can be sucked off. The embodiment of the invention according to FIG. 5 is based on electrical actuation devices for controlling the flow of liquid Centrifuge In this embodiment, the centrifuge is

* ligenwandung 11 provided with an annular flange 70, which is attached to the annular wall 13, νobei both the flange and the wall aligned openings bzy. 72 have, through velche one end of a valve rod 73 extends. The rod 73 also extends through an opening in a guide flange 7 which is fastened on the wall 11, and is received with the upper end in a slot 75 in the hub 76 of the wall 11. The rod 73 contains an enlargement 77, between which and the flange Jk a spring 78 sits, which compensates for the centrifugal force exerted on the rod by the rotation of the centrifuge or, if desired, presses the rod radially inwards when the centrifuge is at a standstill is chosen such that, when the radially outer inde of the valve rod 73 is seated in the opening 72, the liquid from the chamber 16 cannot flow out of the centrifuge. However, if the frentil rod is pushed radially inward, the opening 72 becomes free and the centrifuge can be withdrawn.

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The devices for moving the enti-narrow T 3 radially inwards against the exerted centrifugal force comprise a wedge-shaped singer 79 which sits in an elongated slot in the valve rod 73 , which is displaceable in the axial direction on the labe 6 of the link 11, but revolves with this labe extends through a slot in the Hing 80, while the other end extends into a transverse bore Qk in the shaft. The parts thus described can be found on the other sides of the binge 80. The shaft is also provided with an axial bore 85 which is shown in " It is connected to the bore 8fc and in which an actuation solenoid 86 is seated with an armature 87 which is displaceable in the axial direction and to which the levers 83 are connected. Live wires 88 and 89 extend through the solenoid to the insulated slip rings 90 and 91, which rotate with the shaft, and collector wires 92 and 93 connect the slip rings to a source of electrical power.

When operating this gate direction, an excitation of the oleaoid 86 has the consequence that the armature 87 is displaced to the left of the position generally shown in FIG

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^? . ■ ■ rr

vird, seeing the levers 83 against the. ' Clockwise Pivot and move ring 80 and fingers 79 to the right, in front of the inclined surfaces of the . '. Itager 79 the edges of the associated slots in the Capture Yentilrolle 73 and move the latter radially inward into positions in which the vent openings

72 are open. De-energizing the solenoid

leads to an opposite pivoting movement of the Lever 83 and an opposite movement of the ring 80 and the fingers 79 · so that a radial outward movement of the rods 73 results in positions in which the vent openings 72 are closed are·

The embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is similar the modified embodiment just described, however, the valve pitch is set here

73 Ton Hand · In this mill, each rod 73 is seen with a bullet, which is on an inclined surface 95 runs on an actuating ring 96 which surrounds the hub 76 and extends in the axial direction of the shaft can be pushed. The actuation devices for the Bias 96 comprise a right-angled lever 97 which is rotatably supported at 98 on a fixed support 99. At At one end the lever has a lateral extension 100 which is seated in a slot 101 in the ring. The arrangement

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tion is made such that a Terschwenkeη the Lever 97 in one direction pushes the ring in the axial direction of the shaft 9, creating a radial inward movement of the associated: Tfentilstangen 73 to open the trigger 72 Herrorgermfen becomes, while a movement of the ring in the other direction is a radially outward movement of the valve rods and thus closing of the opening 72.

* Patent claims -

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Claims (1)

Claims 1 · Centrifuge with a facility for maintaining it a liquid level in it containing a perforated member, means for rotatable mounting this member on an axis, a device surrounding the member and forming a chamber with it, in velche the fluid from the limb enters, with the chamber communicating bodies, through velche Liquid in the chamber can be drawn off, g e k e η η-. let c h η e t through Valves (22 or? 3) to regulate the liquid flow from the chamber into the extraction device; Means (20 or 71) for fastening the valves such that they flow from a position in which the liquid flows through the drain directions (2i) or 71) can * can be moved into a second position in which the flow of liquid to the venting devices is narrowed is; and through Facilities (39, U5, Vr or 39.a, U5a, kj or 68, 66, 65 or 87, 83, 80, 790, 73 or 97, 96, 73) to regulate the movement of the! "Valves in the stated positions and out of them · 2. Centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that dafl the valves (22) rotatable with the perforated member (15) New documents {A.-f, 7§i Aas. 2ur, 1 sn > ... κ ..;.,. J-ge 009821/0030 uad are shiftable in radial light mmg mater the influence of centrifugal force, so that a control fluid source (fc2) is provided, and that »lines (39 · ^ 5) are present that the control fluid source (U2) uad connect the valves (22) in such a way that liquid flows through the valves in direct proportion to the speed of rotation of the perforated member (15) for regulating the movement of the valves (22) is supplied. 3. Centrifuge according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that because the trigger (21) has a housing (3) which contains the perforated member (15) and the locking device (13) and the valves (22) surrounds and enables a connection with them; there is a trough (39) for the control liquid is seen inside the housing (3); and daft ait the perforated link (15) lines (fc5), which the trough (39) and the valve devices (22) connect and control the operation of the valves (22) so that the Begeliquid a pressure in direct proportion to the speed of rotation of the perforated member. k » Centrifuge according to claim 3», characterized in that the trough (39) at the stand encircles the lines (W5, kl) with the perforated member (15). 009821/0030 5 · Centrifuge according to claim 3 »characterized in that the trough (39a) and the lines (U5a) with the perforated Run around the link (15), 6. Centrifuge according to one or more of claims 3-5, characterized in that the valve (22) consists of a coil member in a radial passage (20) in the perforated member (15) and the lines (U?) Kj) to one the radially outer surface (26) of the coil T · centrifuge according to claim ί, characterized in that Liquid drainage devices (27) the surface (26) the coil with the housing -connect 8. Centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized by devices of the valves (73) in the form of τοη displaceable Actuating devices (79) and actuating means (87, 83) which are used to move the valve on the Control devices (79) virken 9. Centrifuge according to claim 8, characterized in that the actuating means consist of a solenoid (86). 10. Centrifuge according to claim 8, characterized in that the actuating means can be actuated from one hand live (97) exist 009821/0030 - ■ • ν- 11 · Centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that because the setting means consist of a pressure medium source (68) and devices (69) for controlling their tier There is a supply to the valves 009821/0030 aa Blank page