DE1526076A1 - Waste incineration method - Google Patents

Description

i.euss, 1 * 0. 'August 1969 K 4345 / W

Wolfgang Stäache, 4040 Weuas, ffichendorffstrasse 71

Process for incinerating waste materials

The invention relates to a method of burning tin Waste materials that contain incombustible residues, in particular a method of incinerating garbage.

It is known to collect garbage after it has been dried and burned beforehand smelting the combustible components in a downstream melting chamber using external heat; burners fed with coal dust or oil are used. The melting chamber was used either as a slag bath generator or the residues of a previous combustion of the melting chamber were formed over a drop section fed, which were acted upon by burners fed with a supplementary fuel, or the decay materials were on a Ro3t treated by such, ait additional fuels fed burner was ignited.

Considerable amounts of additional fuel have to be used with this type of casing preparation. According to available publications about systems operated in this way

BAD OKI «» «- 9098 8 2/0720

.It .4345 / W .. 'ia. * 8.i969

for melting down 1000 kg of incombustible residues contained in a municipal waste with 25 $ flammable components were about 800 to 1000 kg of oil or hard coal required.

Such processes are therefore only economical if the excess heat generated in the process is reduced can be made nutsable.

It is the aim of the present invention to arrive at a method of waste incineration in which the incombustible Residues are transferred into a liquid melt, but the use of external heats is a minimum, at least does not seriously affect the economy of waste processing.

An essential part of the equipment required to carry out the new process is an iron smelter. bath in which induction heating is provided to generate and maintain the melting temperature. Iron smacks or molten metal at all inductively electrically su heat is known, and it belongs z. B. a device; to carry out physical and chemical processes of the prior art, in which a metal in a perpendicular Axis rotatable crucible melted and the crucible

909882/0720

August 18, 1969

is set in rapid rotation, so that the molten substance assumes the shape of a paraboloid of revolution, in its Cavity the physical or chemical process take place can.

In contrast, according to the invention, a dormant, ir.it- a electrical, preferably induction heating provided molten iron bath used. The solid residue is introduced into this, which occurs when the waste is only partially incinerated, and the surface of the bath is highly heated Combustion air inflated. The we.3cn dor invention consists in the fact that the waste materials are fed to the molten ice bath in a state in which there are still considerable quantities at dom it contains flammable components. The coke residue from the waste material from the partial incineration arrives together with the incombustible residues to be melted down on the surface of the iron salt bath and is liquefied here; the coke residue carried along evaporates and pre-burns. The residues to be melted down pass through a dor Melt bath temperature of the ice melt for example 1500 ° C.

BATH

909382/0720

N 4345 / W August 18, 1969

If the furnace is equipped with flue gas passes or boiler passes and these are followed by a deduster, it is recommended to return the airborne dust produced here to the melting chamber. "The residues withdrawn in liquid form from the iron melting chamber is brought into a water bath in a manner known per se for granulation; those when granulating The vapors produced by the slag from the water bath can be sucked off and fed above the smelting chamber.

It goes without saying that the heat contained in the exhaust gases is primarily used to preheat the combustion air accordingly. It turns out that, in addition, considerable yengen of useful heat are made available by a plant operating according to the new process. If 25 to 30 % of this combustible material in the form of the coke residue with the non-combustible residues is introduced into the melting chamber in the case of garbage containing, for example, 25 $ combustible material, then the amount of heat to be introduced into the melting process by inductive heating is due to ITuII . The induction heat serves here exclusively to cover the radiation losses and Xühiv / aeserveriuste of the induction coils, and also to compensate for operational fluctuations that result from the change in the composition of the delivered coolant. When starting up the system, a larger amount of heat in the form of electrical power must first be used.

909882/0720

N 4345 / W August 18, 1969

So while the previously known method for incinerating waste materials a constant simultaneous burning of others Fuels and the economic integration of the associated heat generation can be an after new process operating system with low operating costs and built and operated independently of other energy generation facilities.

Based on the drawing, in which a system for carrying out the method according to the invention is shown schematically, be the sequence of the procedure explained as an example:

The waste materials to be destroyed arrive via a feed hopper 1 in the furnace 2 of a waste incineration plant, in which they are using suitable means of transport, for example Feed grids, inclined planes 3 or the like. A transport movement subjected, pre-dried and partially burned. After going through this process, the waste materials settle from incombustible residues and still combustible components (coke residue). At the end of the means of transport is a melting chamber 4 and in this an iron bath 5 is arranged, the latter electrically, preferably inductively

909882/0720

N 4345 / W 1β.3.1969 - 6 -

is heated. Both the incombustible residues of the waste materials and the still combustible coke residue get into the molten bath 5. The latter evaporates out of the melt and is burned there by supplying highly heated combustion air through the wall openings 6. The resulting slag melt 5 'flows over an overflow tongue 7 into a water bath 8 and granulates in this. Furthermore, the airborne dust, including the airborne coke, withdrawn from the flue gas and / or boiler passes and the usually downstream deduster is fed back into the melting chamber 4 via the opening 9 and melted down. The steam vapors produced during granulation from the water bath 8 are discharged into the furnace 2 via the line 10 and the fan 11 in order not to burden the melting chamber 4 in favor of a high furnace temperature. The heat flow in the overall system during the course of the method according to the invention is indicated in its composition by dashed lines in the drawing.

The method according to the invention is deliberately aimed only at the sequence in the melting chamber part. For the upstream drying and partial combustion can be any e.g. Grate system currently on the market can be used. For pasty and liquid waste a rotating drum is to be connected upstream, for example. The use of the melting chamber is therefore for all waste materials with any Consistency possible.

909882/0720

.:. .. · ".. · · ■ '■ · ■ 13.8.1969

The application of the method would also be conceivable, for example, in a large boiler fired with ballast coal, if liquid slag discharge is desired, but the construction of a pure Schraelz boiler would cause difficulties.
In this case, the large boiler can be driven with coarse grinding, since the melting chamber takes over the rest of the Auobrand.

BATH

909882/0720

Claims (4)

"8/18/1969 claims 1. Method of incineration of incombustible residues Containing waste materials, especially garbage with movement the waste materials with the supply of combustion air and with the use of a smelting bath, characterized in that the waste materials are only subjected to partial incineration and the incombustible as well as incombustible ones Coke residue containing constituents in a provided with an electrical, preferably induction heating Molten iron bath is introduced and highly heated combustion air is applied to the surface of the bath. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the inflated combustion air is heated to such an extent that the combustion chamber temperature, which results from the combustion of the the melt gives vaporizing flammable constituents, is above the melting temperature of the iron melt. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that from the flue gas and / or boiler passes, as well as the usually downstream dust extractor of the system required to carry out the process, including the extracted airborne dust of the flying coke is returned to the melting chamber will. 909882/0720 ^: · · ■ - '· ■ K 4345 / W 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the residues withdrawn in liquid slag form in known Way to be placed in a water bath for granulating and the when granulating the slag from the water bath The resulting water vapor is inevitably sucked off and a point in the overall system above the melting chamber are fed. 909882/0720 4Ö
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