DE1523675A1 - Flow amplifier - Google Patents

Description

DR.-1NG. WALTER ABITZ β Munich 27, Pienzenaüerstraße 28 DR. DIETER MORF Telephone 483225 and 486415

Telegrams: Chemindus Munich Patent Attorneys a COO ß * 7 C

November 4, 1968 281 847 / W 36 833

P 15 23 675. 6 New documents RAYMOND WILBUR TRUE 2515 Seneca Avenue "MoLean, Virginia, V.St .A.

Fluid intensifiers

The invention relates to a flow agent amplifier, the without moving parts-works, with a mutual action chamber, a Power nozzle for ejecting a power flow into an end of the chamber and a number of downstream of the interaction chamber arranged output lines, which through an im essentially wedge-shaped flow dividers are separated, and with at least one conduit «which extends substantially transversely to at least one of the outlet conduits and with this connected is.

Such systems, as they are known, for example, from US Pat. No. 3,030,979, have a flow distribution to "the in a new stable flow" distribution through a Control flow or change of the drlloke on an or several of the outlet lines can be alleviated.

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The outlet lines of such a Fluid Veratärkere are connected, for example, to drive a piston. As many types of loads to operate or control require the same pressure "the flow coming from the fluid intensifier must be converted into a flow fluid dynamic pressure" which preferably increases when the load increases.

However, the pressure does not develop as quickly as desired, since the flow device from the power flow or the increased counter-load flows back and around the apex of the flow divider and into an adjacent outlet line. Therefore, “the greater the counter-load, for example, the left outlet line is, the flow from the right outlet » lassleitung the greater and in general the pressure exerted on the load does not increase enough to cause a to apply constant discharge pressure to the load.

The invention is based on the object of creating a self-adapting fluid booster which generates a maximum pressure or maximum flow, if maximum Pressure or maximum flow at the outlet are required »The amplifier is therefore suitable for a resistance adjustment between the load and the fluid amplifier by means of a to effect a new line arrangement, even then * if both outputs are blocked.

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This object is achieved according to the invention in that the flow divider ends in a manner known per se with a concave apex facing the power nozzle and that the distance between the winds of the flow divider and the respective opposite wall of the outlet line is generally greater downstream of the cross lines is as in the area upstroke of the cross line.

Using the figures, the invention is not illustrated, for example. lKutert. Bs shows

Figure 1 shows a power device amplifier according to the invention

and the flow distribution in a counter-loaded Outlet opening *

FIG. 2 shows the flow distribution in general according to the invention, the flow agent distributor when an outlet opening is partially counter-loaded, and FIG

FIG. 3 shows the flow distribution in the fluid distributor according to the invention when the outlet opening is almost completely blocked by counter-loading.

FIG. 1 shows a self-adapting fluid amplifier which operates without moving parts. Two

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flat flats 12 and 12 are fastened by means of screws or other suitable means sealed against each other »The plates 11 and 12 can be made of any of those in the amplifier system 10 fluid used are contractual material and are shown for the purpose of explanation ale consisting of durohslohtigem plastic. The required, that System 10 forming arrangement is in the lower plate 11 through Injection molding, etching or another suitable method is formed and then the plate 11 is covered with the plate 12, so that the various feed-throughs, lines and nozzles included and interfering with media sealed the two plates

The core of the amplifier system is indicated in FIG. 1 by the dashed lines 13 and consists of a power nozzle 14, control nozzles 15 and 16 and a working chamber 17. Drills 20, 21 and 22 are screwed to the nozzles Ik, 15 and 16, respectively Bit fluid sources for supplying an oil flow to the power nozzle 14 and control flows to the control nozzles 21 and 22 are connected. The flow divider 27 has symmetrically tapered rare walls 30 and 31, which are symmetrical and in relation to a center line laid by the power supply unit 20

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equal distances from the diverging rare walls 25 and 26 of the interaction chamber I7 are arranged c

The flow divider 27 ends in a concave tip or apex 32 which is arranged so that it directly receives the power flow emerging from the power nozzle Ik. Opposite to the side walls 30 and 31 of the flow plate disposed 27 side walls are not continuous, since the side wall portions 25 and 26 in tops 33 and 3k forming "the Seitenwandabschnitt.e 25a or" 26a or through the apex 35 ₀ 36 formed, which in a are arranged relatively small distance downstream of the peaks 33 and 3k , 'as shown. As shown in Figure 1 _9, the side wall portions 25a and 26a opposite ojen apexes 33 and 3k of the side wall portions 25 respectively "26 set back and, therefore, the lateral distance between the side wall portion 25 and the side wall 30 is less than the lateral distance between the side wall portion 25a and the side wall 30. Correspondingly, the lateral distance between the side wall section 26 and the side wall 31 of the flow part 27 is less than the lateral distance between the side wall section 26a and the side wall 31. The dome 33 and the apex 35 form the opposite sides of the inlet into a line or passage ^ O and the dome 3k and the apex 36 form the opposite sides

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The flow divider 27 is formed with a substantially concave tip 32 on which the power flow emerging from the line nozzle Ik impinges at high speed, around a high pressure area at a point located substantially in the middle of the tip 32 and a virbole V-in to generate the interaction chamber I7. The high pressure area created in the tip 32 is sufficient to seal the flow which might otherwise flow around the tip of the flow divider and into an outlet conduit.

The divider with the concave tip increases the pressure in the wax 1 effective area. 17 about the one who is in the bills of exchange. " Impact chamber I7 would be created if the tip were rounded, pointed or formed with any other shape than the concave. Two lines ho and 41 are provided with side walls Λ2, 43 and kk, U% , which diverge only slightly or can run parallel.

The side walls 25 and Z6 are set back relative to the mouth of the power nozzle 14 by such an Spacing that the Loistungsströmung to the S _e itenwänden 25 and £ 6 at points B. respectively, B searches set ₂ when Steuerstromungen from the control nozzle 16 and 13 displace the power flow in the interaction chamber 17. Generally will

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High-pressure region "or Anaatzeteilen a boundary layer generated by the bit relatively high speed onto a surface incident Loietungeströmung" Such high pressure ranges locate the downstream located part ά · ν flow in front of a back line through the high-pressure area to seal. Therefore, if a high-pressure area has been created by deflecting a high-speed flow, the pressure of the fluid downstream of the area must exceed the pressure of the area before the point of contact is disturbed. If the pressure downstream of the point of attachment increases and exceeds that of the point of attachment, the point actually moves upstream to a new location until the pressure between the point of attachment and. the surface over * dough + .. So it is possible for the attachment point to move along the side wall, away from the water or the flow divider27 as a result of the increase and the drop in pressure downstream of the attachment point.

dl · Effect catfish «d ·· Streeun * a * itt« lveretMrkeT * yst · »· 10,

which is shown in Figure 1, to be understood, it is believed that the LefefcungsdUse Ik emits a power flow in the Vechselwirkungskapner 17th When a control port is directed from the control nozzle 15 into the interaction sum, it seeks the power flow into the outlet

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line k & to oust. The side wall 26 is sufficiently disposed close to the mouth of the Leistungsdüae ^ k, so that an approach of a boundary layer at the S _t elle B ₂ occurs and may occur at the actuating · C, tk on the amount or quantity of Ströming from the Leistungsdüae and the width of the passage between the rare wall housing 26 and the opposite section of the side wall 3.1 depends. If the amount of interference from the nozzle 14 is not sufficient to completely fill the passage between the section 26 and the side wall 31, the power flow is applied the Yandabsohnitt close to the wall of the current. Thus ₍ the points B ₂ and C or instead the point B ₂ or the point C can each form starting points of the power flow and the control flow that is not broken in the line flow,

Am part of the combined service and tax evasion also against the concave tip 32 of the divider 27 at the point E directed. Position E is also a Ho.chdruok area, since the dome 32 is arranged so that the power flow range hits directly. Sin Virbel V ~, which is a high pressure area in the interactionakainner 17 represents, is due to the Strönungsmittel hit the tip of the crown of the head 32 generated. The Virbel V “rotates clockwise, as in Figure 1, and seeks fluid from the line and from the outlet line ** 7 into the inlet of the outlet

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line 48 to suck. The flow of fluid over the apex 3k of the side wall section Z6 lies again at the point D on the side wall section 26a and emerges from the outlet line kB together with the fluid that is sucked into the flow from the line k 1, which over the apexes 3k and 36 with it relatively high speed occurs. Thus iri absence occurs any Gegenbolastung the Auslaöleitung k8 a maximum flow of this line, "as fluid from the lines ^ O and k1 and from the outlet pipe is kl / swept.

FIG. 2 shows the flow distribution which results when the counter-loading in the outlet line kB increases as a result of the increase in the load, which can be in the form of a piston 50. As a result of the increasing pressure in the outlet line kB , the speed and the Attachment point D moves upstream waiting to a point closer to the apex 36, as shown in FIG. Similarly, the seed * sites B and C move upstream, with site C finally coinciding with the concave end 32 of the divider 27. Sin recirculation vortex V 'can now be generated between the Soheiteln 3k and 36 by flow via the inlet of the line kl from the apex 3k to the attachment point Ώ and the pressure of the Virbels V ₁ can be sufficient to allow the entry of any fluid

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into the outlet line 48 from the line 4i , the pressure of the vortex V ₁ increasing when the point D is moved upstream towards the apex 36. The high pressure region generated by the vortex V is now enough to keep any significant flow from the outlet conduit 47 or the conduit 40 into the interaction chamber I7. As fluid flows over the syringes of the tips and into the lines 40 and 41, the tips 33 and 34 create vortices such as the vortex V ₁ in the line 41. Therefore, as the back pressure in the associated outlet line increases, the velocity of the increases Vertebra V ₁ . The vortex V ₁ in the line 41 threatens to move in the opposite direction and ensures an even distribution of the outlet flow between the side walls of the line 4i.

FIG. 3 shows the flow distribution which results in the self-adapting system 10 when the outlet line 48 is blocked by the increasingly increasing force exerted on the exiting from the outlet line 48 Fluid is applied through the piston 50, which is shown in a closed cylinder system connected to receive fluid from outlet line 47 or 48 is ο the greatly increased pressure in the outlet line 48, which is correspondingly denser due to the increased counter-load Outlet line is generated, causes a movement of the approach

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point ·· D la · 1η · position at 8 OH "it" l 36 · Thus, the power flow bends because · 8trömung "aittel au · with a Irummungaradlu · in weeentliohen around the Soheitel"} k and strikes the side wall kk close · the Soheitel 36, whereby a high-pressure, printable hollow 4ItMl point is generated. A part of the fluid from the line flow now emerges from the line kl as a result of the movement of the starting point D into this line, via shown in FIG. The in the line kl «ang * ord« t · point D forms the downstream located aneatz- • t «ll ·. Tataftohlioh prevents the ambient pressure in the channel kl • in the upstream flow to point B.

When flow occurs from the left outlet conduit in Figure 3, the piston 50 moves to the right, forcing fluid into the downstream end of the red outlet conduit the right Auelaßleitung flows as indicated by the arrows | indicated, the flow branches off into the line kO and flows doped into the same. Fluid, which does not enter the line kO , flows further upstream into the change-action chamber I7, where it strengthens the Virbel V. and finally enters the left-hand outlet line _{e to} strengthen the flow from this line au.

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The reduced outflow from the line kB increases the outflow from the line ** 1 and more flow intensifies the vortex V, as a result of which the pressure in the interaction chamber 17 and the control nozzles I5 and 16 is increased. This eddy presses the power jet against the wall 26. The eddy V ₁ increases its speed when the flow increases around the tip of the dome 3k and thus seeks to maintain a uniform flow out of the line 41.

From the above description of the mode of operation it is apparent to a person skilled in the art that a maximum pressure is generated by the system 10 when a maximum load is exerted on the outlet line and that a maximum flow results when the counter-loading of the outlet line is minimal ,. As shown in the drawing, the side wall sections 25a and 26a are set back with respect to the side wall sections 25 and 26. Such a setback is preferred, d £>. the possibility of undesired oscillation of the system 10 is made as small as possible and the amount of fluid flowing out of the lines kO and kl is reduced. The eddies generated by the flow in the system with the recessed side wall sections 25a and 26a and the crests 33 and 3k enable the side walls of the conduits kO and U \ to be made substantially parallel without causing oscillation in the system 10 will. A cons

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BATH. ORIGINAL

Adjustment of the state between the flow and the pressure caused in the channel kB by the load 50, the flow and the pressure in the line Ui and the flow and the Sruok in the Vechael Wirkungsbereioh I7 is thereby carried out without oscillation.

In the case of resistor matching, it is generally known that that when a moving flow center column encountered a sudden discontinuity in the system, one was reflected Volle is generated, which runs as a sinusoidal oscillation wave through the entire fluid column. A sudden discontinuity can occur, for example, in the form of a relatively sudden change in direction of the flow, for example due to a right-angled bend between a line and © inetn hose or pipe, or by a sudden change in pressure between the fluid in the hose or pipe and a pressure of the area, in which the fluid emerges. A sudden discontinuity reflected in a pure fluid system Shock waves, which cause vibrations in the fluid flowing in the conduit or hose in the same way that a pipe organ causes standing waves in the Columns of air generated by each pipe. That is, knots or wave bellies are created by the sudden discontinuity, which fundamental and overtone oscillations in the air columns

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works. As is known to those skilled in the art, vibratory shock waves caused by sudden discontinuities in raw flows are generally undesirable because they generate loud noise and tend to cause unwanted vibration in the unit. By providing a divergent conduit for outlet flow from system 10, a relatively smooth transition is achieved between the fluid pressure in system 10 and the ambient pressure when fluid exits. Thus, the resistance of the ambient pressure conditions and the resistance of the outlet from the system 10 are somewhat adapted by the divergence of the lines 40 and 4t and the possibility of unwanted oscillation in the system IO is correspondingly reduced.

Although the inputs In dio lines 40 and 4i are indicated downstream of the tip 32 in the figures, the inputs may instead be located upstream of the tip 32 as long as they remain downstream of the attachment arcs B and B ₁ . Venn the inputs ^ are located trouauf approaches the parts B and B., so the flow from the conduits 40 occurs dirokt odor 41 in the Ablösungebereich low pressure, resulting in instability. The arrangement of the inputs into the lines 40 and 41 is mainly determined by the speed of the power flow caused at the attachment part B. As is evident from the above, it is important that the approach

14th

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• Receives great D fluid at a rate which is big enough to be able to hear the pressure from the Stello D.

The arrangement dor tip 32 with respect to the mouth of the LeiatungedUse \ k is newly determined by the speed falling · d 's incident on the tip 32 Strünungsnittele. Optimal sealing results when the dome 32 is arranged in some part of the power flow at a high speed. . *

Do vibes, like the virbel T ₁ , are formed by flow over the tips of the peaks 33 and 3 ^, and since these vibes cause a uniform outflow on the lines 40 and Ui, the divergence of the soitic windings of the lines kO and J | 1 essentially not critical, the gloiohfbraigo flow caused by the crests and the vibes rotating in them prevent the possibility of vibrations in the lines * »0 and k \ and accordingly the side walls of the lines kO and .Ίΐ can be essentially parallel if desired.

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Claims (3)

Raymond Wilbur Warren 281 847 / W 36 833 Godfather η ta nsprttche 1, fluid booster that works without moving parts, with an interaction chamber, a power nozzle to Auaatosaen a power flow in one end the chamber and a number of output conduits arranged downstream of the interaction ekam me r passing through a substantially wedge-shaped flow divider separated and with at least one conduit extending extends substantially transversely to and is connected to at least one of the output lines, thereby characterized in that the flow divider (27) in a known manner with a concave, the power nozzle facing vertex (32) ends and that the distance between the walls of the flow divider and the respective opposite wall of the output line in the area downstream of the Wuerleitung (40,41) is larger than in Area upstream of the cross line. 2 * flow flow amplifier according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow divider opposite Walls of the output lines at the junction of the cross line (40, 41) instead of a rounding opening into the cross line the side walls have peaks (3?, 44), the one , 909828/0800 Documents (Art 7% , Para. 2 No. 1 sentence 3 _de8 amendment of 4. _9. , _T ~ ¹ ". BAD. Üfii 847 Form constriction of the entry mouth of the cross line into the Auegangaleitunge, whereby an impact of flow medium both at the apex and at the crests leads to the formation of eddies (V ,, V ₁ ) which contribute to a maximum pressure when a maximum load occurs on the Auegangaleitunge is produced. 3. Fluid system according to claim 2, characterized in that each transverse line is formed by two opposite and substantially parallel side walls. 909828 / θέΐθ