DE1523425A1 - Temperature and level sensors - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a temperature and level sensor, as used in electrical monitoring circuits for machines and the like _e.

For machines with parts moving relative to each other, especially for heavy machines or high-speed machines, the aim is to reduce the friction between the surfaces that are moved relative to one another, such as bearing surfaces and the like. Usually this is sufficiently achieved by using coolants or lubricants ”, kicking due of malfunctions in the machine, loss of airborne fluid or coolant this can cause severe damage due to overheating of the parts moving relative to one another have as a consequence.

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The aim of the invention is to create a temperature and level sensor for timely detection from overheating of rotating, rubbing or other machine parts moving towards each other due to excessive Heating or loss of coolant or lubricant, in the latter case, their standing height is measured indirectly. Furthermore, a temperature and level sensor of the mentioned Kind be created that directly an electrical warning circuit in the event of overheating or coolant or Loss of lubricant can close "

The invention provides a temperature sensitive Mercury switch in front of which is arranged in a housing protruding into the coolant or lubricant of the machine and which serves to provide an electrical warning circuit

like that
to close or · / - .. if the temperature of the coolant or lubricant exceeds a certain normal operating temperature by a certain value or if the level of the coolant or lubricant falls below the level of the mercury switch.

The inventive sensor has a heating coil, with a certain amount of heat that is greater than that which can be given off to the surrounding medium at normal operating temperature Quantity is generated and can be grounded. During normal operation, a Part of the amount of heat generated by the heating coil beyond the heat level of the fluid to the surrounding medium

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while some of the excess heat is directed to the mercury switch. This latter Warmth together with that of the surrounding medium at normal The amount of heat resulting from the operating temperature is not sufficient to close the mercury switch. However, occurs Loss of coolant or Sehmiermittel around the sensor housing, so that the amount of heat generated by the heating coil, which is normally taken up by this conversion medium, cannot be transferred to it all the heat generated by the heating coil is conducted to the mercury switch, which closes it.

The sensor according to the invention has the advantage that apart from the operating voltage to be applied to the electrical warning circuit, it is independent of any type of Amplifiers to generate a sufficiently strong signal is to current-sensitive signal or control devices energize, which are switched into the warning circuit.

The invention is based on drawings of an advantageous Embodiment explained in more detail.

Show it:

Fig. 1 is a side view of the temperature and level sensor according to the invention, which through the wall of a Sump or tank in a machine housing is enough;

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2 shows a longitudinal center section of the radiator according to FIG 1;

Pig. 3 a plan view of the i'ühler after Pig. 1;

S ¹ Ig. Fig. 4 is a cross-section along line 4-4 in Figs. 2 and 4

Mg. 5 is a circuit diagram of a circuit in which the inventive sensor is used.

The temperature and level sensor or electrical temperature monitor according to the invention is denoted by the reference number 10 marked. Its elongated, tubular housing 12 is closed at one end 14 and provided at the other end with a thread 16 with which it is in the wall of a Sump or tank 18 of a machine in which it is to be installed can be dusted. The feeler becomes like this arranged that its housing 12 in the coolant or lubricant or the like protrudes into the sump or tank 18. A temperature-sensitive mercury switch is longitudinally aligned in the housing 12 20 arranged. It consists of a glass housing 22, an integrally connected mercury bulb 24 and a Capillary tubes 26 within the housing 22 and a pair of contacts 28, 30, preferably in the form of the capillary tube 26 reaching platinum wires. The piston 24 is filled with mercury 32. It can get inside the capillary tube 26 expand depending on the temperature. Furthermore, connecting strips 34 and 36 can be provided, which on

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upper end around the housing 22 for a yet to be explained Purpose are appropriate "

A heater 38 is located at the lower end 14 of the housing 12 arranged, which consists of a remote, the end of the housing encompassing carrier 40 and a heating coil 42. Between the inner wall of the housing 12 and the switch housing 22 at the level of the mercury bulb 24 is a pair of bent Y / ärmemetallband 44 arranged, for example from beryllium-Kup-; fer exist. The tapes are in an insulating sheet at one end. be 46 next to the heater 38 and in a support 48 at the other end. At the upper end of the - ^ ühlergehäuses 12, which is not protrudes into the soup or tank, the housing has a End connection 50 with two connection pins 52 and 54. The inside of the housing 12 is filled with a suitable potting compound 56.

Pig. 5 reveals that one connection contact 52 is connected to the one .find the heating coil 42 via the connecting strip, while the other end of the heating coil 42 is connected to the contact 28 via the connecting strip 36 ο the contact 28 is over the housing 12 grounded. 3m contact 30 is directly the connecting pin 54. The operating voltage can be applied to the heating coil 42 via the connecting pin 52 and the housing 12. An emergency switch (not shown) or a warning device is attached to the connection pin 54

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The internals of the sensor 10 are arranged and designed in such a way that at normal operating temperature of the ambient medium, either coolant or lubricant in the sump, the mercury 32 in the capillary 26 expands into the vicinity of the contact 28. In addition, as long as it is turned on by the Heiawendel 42, a certain amount of heat _generated} that is greater than the dissipated from the Umgebungsniedium at normal operating quantity of heat. Usually the part of the? , Issued heating coil Wärmemgen generated which is not dissipated to the ümgebungsme ~ dium to the mercury 32 that t expands within the capillary 26 over the height corresponding to the normal operating temperature, the ambient medium de3. This lies between contacts 28 and 3ü. The entire heat generated by the heating coil 42

mengs depends on their size and the applied voltage.

'The temperature of the flow medium in the sump now rises 18 above normal operating temperature due to a machine malfunction or the like. Then the mercury 32 expands within the capillary 26 further. Tray increase in • Temperature of the ambient medium over a certain amount In addition, the mercury bridges the contacts 2b and 30, whereby the control or connected to the connecting pins 54 Warning device is energized. Even if a loss of the surrounding medium, such as coolant or lubricant in the

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Sump 18 and thus a lowering of the level below the level on which the sensor 10 is attached, occurs The amount of heat generated by the heating coil 42 is no longer released through the housing 12 to the surrounding medium. Rather, the total amount of heat generated by the heating coil through the housing 12 and the heat conducting strips 44 to the mercury bulb 24 guided, which accelerates the expansion of the mercury 32 within the capillary 26 and the bridging of the contacts 28 and 30 and thus finally causes the warning circuit to close.

Through the invention is a. temperature monitor or Temperature and level sensor created as a closed unit with which overheating or a coolant or Loss of lubricant or excessive heating can be detected in time, as they are when moving relative to one another Machine parts can occur in this way a destruction of the machine can be prevented

For example, if the normal operations temperature of the ambient medium in the sump 18 to 95 ° G, the contact 28 is applied to the position corresponding to the mercury expansion of 95 ⁰ C, while the contact 30 is, for example, applied to the position corresponding to the Queoksilberausdehnung at 125 ° C corresponds to. With these settings, the heating coil 42 is designed so that in the presence of ambient medium normal operating temperature outside of the burrower, this generates so much additional heat that the mercury 32 is up to

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a point expands, which corresponds approximately to a temperature of 11O ⁰ C. This point is just in the middle between the contacts 28 and 30. If the ambient medium around the sensor 10 is lost, the heating coil is then able to heat the mercury so far that it expands to the contact 30. This causes the contacts 28 and 30 to close and thus a connected warning circuit. Closing can also be done by overheating the surrounding medium by 15 ° C to 115 ° 0. Of course, the temperature and level sensor according to the invention can easily be adjusted so that it can be used for other temperatures and temperature differences for other level and temperature monitoring. Sr is able to operate directly (via direct connections or electromechanical connections) any type of signal, warning or control device for visual, audible, electrical, mechanical and electromechanical display

Patent claims:

(Sun II 903808/0940

Claims (1)

DR.ING.F.WtTKSTHOFF 1 CTQ / OC ⁸ MtT ¹ VOHBW 9O BIPl ^ ING-G-PtTLS IO £ OH C. O BCHVTEIGEHSTRASSK 3 PATENTANWJiLTE _{A TSU (IU} PBOTSOTPAI JtXT XUXCHXK 1A-31 257 Claims 1, temperature and level sensor, which is in a flow or Fluid is arranged reaching into it, characterized by a normally open, temperature sensitive switch, (20) that is fired when the temperature of the plud exceeds the normal operating temperature by a certain amount and is caused by a heating device (38) to close the switch if there is no IPlUd around the sensor. 2 _β temperature and level sensor, which is arranged protruding into a fluid surrounding it, characterized by a normally open »temperature-sensitive switch (20), which can be switched into a monitoring circuit, a heating device (38) to generate a certain amount of heat, from which normally a part is released to the medium surrounding the sensor, the switch closing when the normal operating temperature of the fluid is exceeded by a certain amount and in the absence of the fluid to which the amount of heat generated by the heating device would at least partially be released. BATH ORIGINAL 909808 / 0S40 3 »Temperature and level sensor, the housing of which is designed in such a way that it ^{can be arranged so that it can reach into a. 5 1} IUd, characterized by an in the. Housing (12) built-in temperature-controlled mercury that can be switched on in a warning circuit, he switches (20) ', a Heizwenaei (42) arranged in the housing to generate a certain amount of heat, at least part of which is diverted through the wall of the housing into the surrounding plud , and wherein the mercury switch closes when the temperature of the fluid rises by a certain amount above normal operating temperature or when there is no air surrounding the housing, in which the amount of heat generated by the heating coil (42) can be at least partially dissipated, 4 · Temperature and level sensor with a housing that can be arranged protruding into an inlet, marked by a in the housing (12) arranged mercury switch (20) from a housing (22), a Storage flask (24) and a capillary tube (26), the mercury in the storage flask depending on from the temperature in the capillary tube can expand and the capillary tube has two spaced contacts (28, 30), which can be connected to a warning circuit, also has a heating coil (42) in the housing for generating a certain amount of heat, a portion of which is normal 909808/0940 1A-31 257 AA wise diverted through the housing into the surrounding plud is, and where the mercury in the capillary expands so far that it both contacts apart bridged when the temperature of the fluid surrounding the sensor exceeds the normal operating temperature by a certain value Amount exceeds or no charge surrounds the housing, so that no proportion of the heat generated by the heating coil is absorbed this can be handed in 5. Temperature and level sensors with an elongated housing, which can be arranged protruding into a plud, characterized by a mercury switch (2o) which can be built into the housing (12) in its longitudinal direction, of a switch housing (22), a supply bulb (24), a capillary tube (26) and mercury (32) within the supply bulb (24), which is located within the capillary tube as a function from the temperature, and two spaced contacts (28, 30) on the capillary tube for connection having a circuit, a heating device (38) between the housing (12) and the switch housing next to the Storage piston within the housing, at one end of which a heating coil (42) for generating a predetermined amount of heat, part of which is the expansion of the mercury within the capillary tube above normal operating temperature the point corresponding to the Plud and the other Part usually through the casing into the surrounding plud is derived, with the mercury within the capillary 909808/0940. ' ²⁵⁷ tube can expand so far that it is the apart Contacts bridged when the temperature of the fluid the normal operating temperature by a certain amount exceeds uni if no fluti, in which part of the of the heat generated by the helix can be dissipated, surrounds the housing, 6 «temperature and level sensor with an elongated housing, which is arranged so as to protrude into a fluid, characterized by a arranged in the Gfehäuse (12) Mercury switch (20) consisting of a switch housing (22), a storage piston (24) and a capillary tube (26) inside of the switch housing and mercury (32) within the storage flask, which is located within the capillary tubes in Can expand depending on the temperature, the capillary tube having two spaced apart contacts (28, 30) which can be connected to a warning circuit, one of which (28) is arranged at the point up to which the mercury expands at the normal operating temperature of the fluid and the other (30) lies at that point until to which the mercury expands at higher temperatures, as well as curved or bent heat-conducting metal strips (44) between the housing and the switch housing next to the supply piston, a helical coil (42) at the end (14) of the housing for Generation of a certain amount of heat, which is above the amount of heat dissipated by the Flud and the mercury is inside the capillary tubes can expand beyond the point that 909808/0940 -J? - 1A-31 257 corresponds to the normal operating temperature of the fluid, while the other part of the excess amount of heat is given off to the KLud surrounding the housing (12), the Mercury expands within the capillary tubes and bridges the contacts that are located apart, γ / enn die Temperature of the plud exceeds the normal operating temperature by a certain amount or if no plud, to the the other part of the excess amount of heat generated by the heating coil can be emitted, surrounding the housing. 3 0 9 8 0 8/0 S L 0