DE1519326A1 - Preparations for the surface treatment of insulating materials - Google Patents

Description

W, 21588/65 13 / Ko

Ransburg Electro-Coating Corp. Indianapolis, Indiana (V.St, A.)

Preparations for the surface treatment of insulating materials

The invention relates to surface treatment of insulating materials in order to create an electrically conductive surface for them. The increased surface conductivity facilitates the deposition of electrically charged coating particles «The invention includes the treated insulating ones Materials, the coated insulating materials and the liquid masses used for treatment or Middle.

When electrostatically spraying or atomizing Electrostatically charged particles of an over-curative mass on a The object to be coated is deposited, If the surface of the object does not have sufficient conductivity, collects an electrical charge builds up on the insulating surface which tends to repel the charged spray particles. This leads to a loss of upper covering material and causes the production of non-uniform covering, in many cases

0098 12/1353

ν ^.

FäMen thereby cUe deposition or deposition of any coating material after the electrostatic process is completely prevented charged particles generated by electrostatic atomization the low voltage drop between the atomizing device and the Iaolieroberflache, which should be coated, a v.eni er effective atomization, thereby reducing the effectiveness of electrostatic coating Far or lower, similar problems exist de ν electrolyte i.3chen deposition of charged particles Electrophoresis,

Various attempts have been made to overcome this difficulty, including various methods of pretreating the insulating surface. The potentially most successful üethcde this was the use of ge! Forming ioniaierbaren organic compounds.

Closer to this ei,.> ·>; - ^ d 'can be certain ionizable organic compounds, including quaternary ammonium halides and diquarternary ammonium halides, with a carbon to nitrogen ratio of 10: 1 to 30: 1 on an insulating surface to form thin, electrically uninterrupted conductive gel surfaces sniff. with a content of permanently or permanently sucked in polar liquid with a high dielectric constant

Π; ,, _{V 1} y / -j ν ^{,: BAD ORIGfNAt}

1519328

having a thickness of about 1OOO% to 25 OCO R, are chemisorbed to thereby provide a surface layer which is sufficiently conductive iet _f to the deposition or deposition of electrostatically ^ nIrenen particles easier.

However, in many cases it is the ionizable organic compounds that normally have the ability to Possess formation of a gel layer, not effective when using common stains, sealants, fillers and other surface lacquers or surface treatment agents are incorporated and applied with these, whereby it becomes necessary to use or apply the gel-forming compounds separately. Apparently contain stains, Sealants and fillers, for example of the type normally used for wood, many components which intercept or deactivate the surfactant materials, allowing application to the insulating surface to a deposition of the surfactant material in dispersed and ineffective form in a layer of coarse dimensions, instead of a tight packing / inside a relatively thin film {of the surface-active materials ^ too to obtain high conductivity as in the chemisorbed gel layers mentioned above.

0 0 9812/1353

Previous attempts at surface-active materials

, Y for a considerable or substantial increase in the surface area

♦ Conductivity is not generally found to be ineffective; it has been found that few agents are effective when applied to the insulating surface in the form of a stable gel layer are cheminorbed and that even those means which the Ability to form a usable conductive gel layer may become ineffective if made from a mixture which cause random and unregulated deposition of the agent.

The separate application of gel layers to render insulating surfaces conductive is one of the considerations also inconvenient for polishing or sanding or similar treatment to have any or all of the It is not removed, which reduces the flexibility achieved by applying the layer.

Accordingly, one purpose of the invention is to provide organic liquid compositions or compositions which can be deposited on wood and similar materials are applied with insulating surfaces and a considerable increase in surface conductivity cause despite the fact that these agents are also suitable as pickling, sealants (Sealer), fillers, varnishes or varnishes or other surface treatment agents to act so that the required Surface conductivity increase with application

009812/1353

Application operations required for purposes other than conductivity such as pickling, sealing, or priming treatment stages in priming or dressing Hole. In this regard, a feature of the invention resides in the applicability of surface active agents, whether or not these agents are chosen with a view to having the ability to form a gel layer. Further, the invention aims to provide insulating ^u berflächen which in order to increase the - ^ are pretreated eitf ability and have an improved ability to increased conductivity in spite of polishing, grinding

Lubricating gel or similar egfce work

for treating the surface "* ** ^ * -, *. aisles / as well as exposure to variable and unregulated Conditions of unfavorably high or low humidity and / or to maintain elevated temperature.

The invention relates in particular to the pretreatment of HoIs _9, although other materials with insulating surfaces, such as fiberboard, Masonite hardboard and other hardboard, as well as plastics such as polyethylene, polyamide and glycol terephthalate polyester, are also pretreated in the same way can be used to increase the surface conductivity and thereby improve the separation or deposition of electrically charged surface particles.

009812/1353 BAD OBlGlNAL

According to the invention, there is a cationic surfactant with a relatively non-volatile one Poljiren linked component, which has a limited molecular solubility in which an organic solvent surface treatment or Has finishing agent to be applied to the insulating surface When the cationic surfactant and the non-volatile polar component are combined with the surface treating agent, the polar component is dispersed in the form of a colloidal dispersion, with the surfactant having the particles of the dispersed phase of the composition or connected to the ground and therefore essentially to this is restricted "where it is protected from the simultaneously acting, intercepting or deactivating agents for other effects or purposes than further elements of the continuous phase of the compositions or of the parts of filler or pigment may be added

The above-mentioned non-volatile polar component is in particular a non-volatile, non-ionic, electronegative, polar, organic compound with • in ** medium solubility (intermediate solubility) is the liquid, organic, continuous medium of the eligible mats or agents according to the invention. There is preferably the polar organic compound

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BATH ORIGINAL

from a polymer, in particular a linear polymer, which has 2 to 15 repeating units. The electrical and polar nature of pre-attachment is preferably met by a polyether structure, in which a predominant part of the unit members of the linear, polymeric, the compound-forming chain of methylene groups exist. Preferred compounds thus contain methylene groups and ether oxygen atoms in one Vc-riil'-ltnis from about 9: 1 to 6: 1 * At the same time the colonic weight is increased of the polymer selected with the intention of achieving the required average solubility in the continuous organic solvent phase of the infrqge coming mass to surrender.

Although polyethers are preferred * is the invention not restricted to these, since linear combinations of two or more of the methylene groups of the linear polymer chain by imido groups, carboxyl groups or thioether groups with or without adjacent covalent oxygen units can be connected. ·

Compounds with hydroxyl groups are preferred

used as groups terminating the polymer chain, where

t e _r invention but is not Restrict in this respect, as a terminal group, other groups, such as mercaptyl or carboxyl groups are useful; the terminal group can also be converted to an ether or ■

BATH ORIGINAL

009812/1353

Ester bond immediately before the alkyl or aryl group, by which the Folymerisatkette is terminated to form.

Preferred polar organic compounds are ΐ} · Β. Polye.xyalkylene glycols, such as diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol and higher molecular weight polyethylene glycols up to about 600, preferably about 4-50. Corresponding polypropylene glycols are also useful. Polyesters and polyamides of low molecular weight can be used in a corresponding manner apply as long as when you selected the

• Appropriate degree of insolubility

eg in the liquid which is the continuous phase of the composition or agent

peeks out

in order to obtain the fine emulsion and in particular microemulsions according to the invention.

The low molecular weight polyesters include, for example, the polyesterification reaction product ν.η 3 moles of ethylene glycol with 2 moles of adipic acid. An example for low molecular weight polyamides, the reactant is of 3 moles of ethylenediamine with 2 moles of sebacic acid, this compound also being the intermediate compound of the methylene groups a »linear polymer chain via imido groups and carboxyl groups explained · When using the Sulfhydryl group instead of the hydroxyl group in ethylene glycol, Thioethers can be formed instead of polyethers

• VW

where this instead of the more common, »ft existing specifically specified i * -ther can be used.

009812/1353

Attachment compounds of ethylene oxide, for example the ethylene oxide adduct with laury alcohol are according to the invention also useful, as well as the polyoxyalkyl en- ■ amides, which are formed by the alkylene oxide addition compound know to be represented with a primary amide. The effectiveness of compounds to which the amide bond is applied is represented by the compound methylenebisstearamide the formula

0 C

C _1? H _{3 5} -8-N-CH ₂ -NSC _1? H ₃ ^
HH

for example explained »

As stated above, the polar polymer is selected so that it has a molecular weight which the desired limited solubility in the organic continuous phase of the surface treatment agent "* - cn results. These polymers of low molecular weight result in emulsion particles which are formed during deposition or settling together effortlessly when the volatile components of the agent or mass are removed will. If necessary, to facilitate the removal of organic solvents and to assist elevated temperatures can be used for particle decomposition. On the other hand, if the minimum coalescence or Melting temperature of the polymer is excessive «but ■ low in comparison, outside room temperatures, means can such as dimethylformamide and diacetamide incorporated into the mass

There will be a merging or convergence at room-009812/1353

- ίο -

fcomporatures to promote "

The catlanic surface active means must also have an intermediate solubility, where in this case the intermediate solubility is the formation of colloidal micelles in the organic discontinuous Phase of the composition of the surface treatment allowed according to the invention. In most cases will this intermediate solubility with a surface-active Achieved agent which contains at least one aliphatic radical with 8 to 50 methylene groups, these preferably in a relatively straight-chain alkyl group pe are arranged.

Examples of cationic ones which are preferably used surface-active agents according to the invention quaternary and diquarternary ammonium halides, which expediently and desirably consist of the chlorides. Although this is appropriate a ratio of carbon to nitrogen from 10: 1 to 30: 1, which are useful in creating conductive gel layers have proven, this is not essential according to the invention .; Quaternary ammonium compounds are also known with a ratio of carbon to nitrogen above 30: 1 and below 10i1 usable according to the invention, although they were previously unusable for a corresponding conductivity.

0 0 9 8 12/1353 ^BAD ORIGINAL

In particular, quaternary or diquarternary Ammonium chloride precursors preferred, which have a single Subatituents with a long carbon chain with Have 10 to 22 carbon atoms. This expediently consists of alkyl groups, which are essentially free of Are carbon-carbon unsaturation. Come for this straight-chain alkyl groups are particularly suitable.

Preferred compounds have the structural formulas given below:

/tT.T ι

R-N-CH, Gl "

GH,

and

R -

OH ₅ X CH,
I J B - TJ Ptl I. I J GH ₃ CH ₃

2Gl '

in which R is a carbon substituent with 10 to 22 carbon atoms, in particular an alkyl radical, and X is a divalent hydrocarbon chain with 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably the divalent alkylene radical

HHH

t I I

_G-G-C-

I I I

HHH
mean·

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A particularly preferred cationic surfactant Agent (Agent 1) is polyethoxylated quaternary ammonium chloride, in the form of the derivative of coconut fatty acid the formula below:

- +

R -N- (GH ₂ CH ₂ O) ^ H Cl '

in which R is an alkyl group, especially the hydrocarbon rest of the coconut oils and χ and y numbers darp represent, which the characteristic FoIyoxyäthylenverbindungen indicate. These compounds are from 2 to 50 moles of each "Ethylene oxide available" bound with one mole of fatty acid amine This type of connection differs from other quarternaries Ammonium compounds with respect to the groups attached to the nitrogen atom. While others are quaternary Compounds four aliphatic, substituted ali;, hatic or aromatic groups attached to the nitrogen atom own, in this case two polyoxyethylene groups and two alkyl groups are bonded to the nitrogen atom., The Polyoxyethylene groups modify the solubility and Compatibility properties of the compound due to the combined effect of hydrogen bonding and ionization the connection. Preferably 2.15 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of fatty acid amine are converted to a preferred, cationic one surface-active agent (hereinafter qIs agent 1 designated). Chlorides in particular are desirable here. However, nitrates which are not as effective are also useful

009812/1353 ^f .

It should be noted that the preferred quaternary Ammonium compounds are the chlorides, but other anions can be used in place of the chloride ion; for example, the nitration may be less effective - any / 'och are used in accordance with the invention »

Further examples of cationic surfactants which can be used successfully in accordance with the invention are: _A.

(Agent 2) N-Tallo-NjN-dimethyl-N ¹ , N ¹ , N'-trimethgl- "1, i-propylenediammonium chloride.

(Agent 3) stearamido-propyl-dimethyl-ß-hydroxyethylammonium nitrate and

(Agent 4) quaternized polyethyleneimine.

As stated above, those are in accordance with the invention useful masses or compositions are non-aqueous Emulsions or organosols, under this name both macroemulsions which are useful according to the invention and the microemulsions which are preferred to be included. .

A macroemulsion consists of a particle dispersion, in which the suspended particles have dimensions, which exceed 0.05 microns and are usually below 50 microns. In microemulsions, dl suspended (Peilehen preferably dimensions, weltbt

! .098 12/1353

are below 0.05 microns, even when through very small amounts of soluble organic solute are swollen, and often these particles are large in their minimum cross-section of less than 0.01 microns. In these microemulsions, the majority of the Particle mass of those dispersible in solvent, ionic organic radicals, with the nonionic electronegative polar compound being the lesser Particle volume which is comprised by the two components occupies. The size of the particles varies in the most cases in a wide range, indicating that the main component of the particles is in its separate or discreet shape is maintained) durah stabilizing acting forces <-——>,. which results from the orientation of the ionic zones of the molecular structure of the cationic agent.

Such microemulsions are also referred to as micellar dispersions, the micelles being formed by attachment an aligned limited number of like molecules the cationic agent becomes a mass or agglomeration, the size of which depends on the molecular structure of the contained By means of and the distribution and density of the ionic charge is determined, these micelles can be formed suck in and can swell due to small amounts of components other than the primary, micelle-forming

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BXD ORIGINAL

Material, especially water-insoluble and non-ionic, organic compounds with a solubility which is compatible with the structures of the non-polar residues of the micelle-forming agent, with the non-polar Residues, are oriented so that they are accumulated in the inner core of the micelle or the microemulsion particles will. Usually the "forming micelles" are in the same weight with a certain maximum number of equals Molecules, which in a real way or actually in the form Vv.n arbitrary molecular dispersions of molecules of the surface-active Means among the molecules of the solvent-

. This maximum concentration of actually or genuinely dissolved molecules is called the critical micelle concentration. If a cationic agent is added to exceed this critical concentration, micelles of a limited size are formed, the total number of which depends on how much of The feationic surface-active agent is present in excess of the critical micelle ^{concentration 1} -isο.

The question of whether a microemulsion or a macroemulsion present can be determined by the proportion or the ratio of the nonionic component. So be at

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Use of a cationic surfactant of medium solubility in the organic solvent in question and, if a sufficient solubility is used Amount of surfactant to cause micelle formation induce micelles from the surfactant formed with the addition of an electronegative and non-ionic polar organic compound of medium solubility Limited quantities can dissolve in the micelles and form a microemulsion. If the share of this non-ionic and mating compound becomes excessive, the system is at least partially reversed to a macroemulsion. Macroemulsions are made up of larger particles of the organic compound insoluble in the solvent formed by surface adsorption from the previous molecules of the cationic, surfactant are stabilized.

The emulsions consisting largely of microemulsions are preferred. -that they have greater clarity and have superior suspension stability and improved coating effectiveness -eclanffaa. Although. Macro emulsions are useful because they meet the requirements or requirements Heterophase result and the ability to Coating, more material is required and the packaging may be less than satisfactory * The term "plating" as used herein refers to the ability or ability of emulsion parts to

009812/1353

to be deposited as a layer, which see in the greatest Density on the upper or lower boundary of the continuum, from which it is severed, accumulates when existing the emulsion ceases to be a particle dispersion, which is the case if sufficient during deposition or deposition Amount of solvent removed is%> is «

It should be noted that the term "emulsion" from the field of aqueous emulsions to the field of ™ non-aqueous dispersion systems was extended, wherein this extension with respect to the according to the invention the results obtained seem justified «

In order to maintain adequate conductivity, the surfactant layer should be so deposited that it is retained in a basic mass of flat material, which is suitable to support the maintenance of the layer in its ionized state * When the surfactant itself has a con- ^ forms a continuous gel layer, the polar material consists from scales or a polar solvent, which the sorbed component of the gel forms * Corresponding to the current one. The polar material consists of a development synthetic polar polymer, preferably from one Polyether waxes due to the polar polymerizate of these th shown greater resistance to Ia ^ flüahti-

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BAD ORlGiNAt

uni. Due to their increased resistance to wicking, for example to absorption into a porous substrate, these polar polymers result in better stability in terms of ionization and conductivity than is possible with volatile polar solvents and reduce piercing or the sensitivity (reliance) to humidity conditions which may exist in the atmosphere or in the sub-state in order to maintain a dielectric environment in the layer which favors ionizationa

As stated above, the material is suitable relatively non-volatile. The purpose of this is that the polymer is insignificant when exposed to atmospheric conditions or to mild baking conditions Will get removed*

The foregoing shows that both According to the invention connected components medium solubilities in the organic, liquid continuum need, with these mean solubilities forming of surfactant and colloidal micellert allow the production of stable dispersions of the complex, which by, the connection or attachment to dia. nod-ionic ^ and polar ^ supplementary component that goes with these micelles or surface-active materials are connected

009812/1353 ORIGINAL BATHROOM

-19.-

which is formed »As stated above, consists this dispersion preferably consists at least partially of a microemulsion.

It seems that the electronegative, polar organic Compound and the electropositive, cationic surfactant are more soluble in one another than in the continuous phase of the composition and that this

- ■. ■. J "Preferred Solution" is responsible for the preferred association or association contemplated according to the invention. In addition, obviously, the forces of attraction, which promote the formation of this adduct complex in terms of forces (forces in), those which result from covalent koürdinativen _Bindün:; skräften and result Loslichkeitskraften.

Because of the associated positively charged surfactant, the individual dispersed particles tend to spread as an overburden on surfaces which

hcCe

with respect to which have a negative polarity.

Il
for example on hydrophilic / surfaces such as wood or paper, producing a concentration of these two agents which, when the particles of the polar component have converged, form a layer or a button? Of adequate conductivity it should be noted that the cationic surfactant is not inherently responsible for the formation of a uniform, continuous deposit layer because,

.-...: .- Q 0 9-8 1 2 / 1353-1 ■

even if it would be suitable for the formation of such a layer, it may be bound in a _'t composition which diepe ability can cancel "

* In some cases, the insulating surface may die individual dispersed particles associated with their tiv repel or repel charged surfactants. In this case, the particles of the dispersion move to the air surface of the film, concentrate

there and run together or coalesce and form uetf again the same conductive layer with the same

or exposed. Here, of course, the conductive layer is exposed and is more susceptible to deterioration through abrasion or rubbing. The usual effect seems to be a concentration or spread on the hydrophilic, insulating surface. also are due to unavoidable oxidation of Cellulosemolekuls Oarboxyl- and peroxide groups present which total present a hydrophilic surface to which the positively charged k _n tionische surface active agent tends to spread or to concentrate. · amide groups, such as polyamide (nylon) or in acrylamide enclosing Polymers give a corresponding effect .. Glass with its hydroxyl groups and free ions also gives an acceptor or aluminum acceptance surface according to the invention.

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Although the invention is mainly directed to the improved deposition of electrically charged coating particles, it should be pointed out that other advantages are also achieved according to the invention, such as improved flow or better alignment. The improved flow achieved with the treatment agents. t open-, clearly on the migration of the annealing or Vereiniungs · of the invention to the hydrophilic substrate% border or -zwischenfläche complex according result, -the-a results in improved spreading and promotes orientation in the transverse direction. This is the germ of particular importance sealing of wood, by the requirements of Sandbehandoder the Abschmirgelerfordernisse _β lung / are lowered because less senkrechtverscho (ibenes material _t to be that removed yet · Also, in the impregnation or in the coating of textile materials, which for Tend to roughening or pimple formation, the deposition complexes according to the invention result in an improved surface ability, which causes the fibers to lie flat and thereby reduce undesirable roughening or plucking properties to a minimum Varnish or sealing material or the like is valuable, even if subsequent coatings of surface treatment agents are applied using methods other than electrostatic.

009812/1353 ORIGINAL BATHROOM

The use or application of the pretreatment agent according to the invention is entirely, simply by simply adding a deposition or deposition of the emulsion according to of the invention, for example by brushing or spraying methods is required «The emulsion preferably contains

1% by volume of the combination of hydrophilic component ^ and cationic surfactants, and in particular

2 to 4% on the same volume basis "-uie preferred Compositions or masses contain continuous as mbs Phase an organic solvent, which in particular consists of essentially non-polar hydrocarbons, for example ochwerbenzin (mineral spirits), aromatic hydrocarbons, such as xylene or toluene, naphtha or their mixtures, The weight ratio of hydrophilic component to cationic surfactant can be varied very widely, for example from 15 * 1 to 1:10, however, a weight ratio is preferred within the range of 4: 1 to 1: 2.

The pretreatment agent can be any desired Way, like air drying or baking, are dried, as it is expedient for the surface treatment composition coming into embossing «

Practical quantities of reduced surface resistance are in the range of 10? Ohms per surface to 10 ^ o ohms per surface under normal atmospheric conditions »This is from

BATH ORIGINAL 009812/1353

special <Vert An connection with the electrostatic deposition or deposition of charged coating particles

11 on surfaces with 'a,' / i & was 1C ohm per surface or more.

The term ".Viderstand" used here gives

- 2

the V / esistance in ohms per surface, for example, per cm, of which measured at the surface, if appropriate before or after the treatment "was Also, it is in Λ the term used herein '" ^ berfiychenwiderstand "the resistance between two electrodes in contact with the surface, regardless of the current distribution within the object or along the surface. "■ Conveniently, the resistance is measured with a Keithley Model 200A electrometer using a Keithley Model 2008 decade shunt and a direct current source The electrode contact or the electrode contact with the surface is measured by two flexible strips of aluminum foil with an underside or backside made of elastic material | For example, made of flexible isoeyanate foam, which is in turn attached to a rigid, insulated support, such as Luclte, made Edges are 1 cm apart. if

0098 127 1353 BAD

these foil electrodes against the surface for determination of the resistor, measure the resistance of 10 cm squares of the parallel surface, so that the direct reading obtained can be multiplied by a factor of 10. to the surface resistance to get in ohms per square · Warn the amperage and the voltage have been read, the resistance between the electrodes is calculated according to the equation below

^chun 6 E ₂ -E ₁

v -

in which R _{x is} the unknown resistance, E ^ is the voltage reading obtained on the electrometer, Ep is the voltage of the applied energy source and I is the current flow through the unknown resistance.When the derived resistance in ohms is multiplied by 10, the resistance in ohms results , per area.

to earth The path resistance r of any one

Place the surface to be painted be sufficiently low to reduce the portability or removal of static electricity generated by the particles of the to be deposited or deposited transfer material is carried, to enable, on the other hand, the charge accumulates and creates an undesirable potential of the same polarity as the charged particles of the coating material.

009812/1353 bathroom ORIGINAL

»25" ■

rials ι which subsequently approach the surface if this in the case of electrostatic painting or coating (painting) takes place »the accumulated charge prevents the deposition of further electrostatically charged parts-- ■ so there is very little paint or paint on the parts of the object deposited with a strong charge or • is deposited »When large objects are painted excessive resistance prevents electrostatic jj Coating of those parts of the surface which are covered by the hanging devices are removed that normally during electrostatic plating for support or used to carry a large object and through which the object is short-circuited (grounded).

• It has been observed that surface tensions of about 25

■. ■■ .. ■ · - ■ ■■ '■■■■' ■. '■■ "cR Kilovolt another effective separation of electrostatic energy

Prevent charged paint particles. While ·

a surface tension of 25 kilovolts with ^v respect to the earth essentially prevents electrostatic deposition, even lower surface tensions are undesirable because the near raden up, loaded on-Strichsteilchen zurückgestoßentnind can verlorengehan you 'operator, as well as other located near ·' items can are covered by the repelled particles of the paint * The exact potential at which ■ this becomes critical and undesirable depends, among other things, on '

from the mechanical momentum from _t which the particle from 009812/1353

~ 26 -

given to the atomizer. and the relative spacing of the various surfaces. This influence * is already noticeable at a potential of 15 kilovolts. Thus, although the resistance to earth may vary with the size and shape of the object and the method of earthing, it is essential that the effective resistance be sufficiently low to prevent the build-up of surface tension as described above.

Although numerous factors contribute to the effective resistance which can occur at any point in time and although some of these factors are intentional, for example. can be changed by changing the location and number of earth connections, the invention is valuable and applicable, irrespective of whether such n are applied

be det. So must the resistance that is active at the moment to brush against earth from anywhere on the the surface are kept below about 2 χ OK "ohms, in order to divide the distribution of electrostatic charges To give coating particles and according to the invention Treatments contemplated may be used to achieve this result ^ by sioh

from <-> or these treatment agents can be other agents,

for example the use of additional earthing connections, support or supplement.

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The invention will be explained below by Examples, in each case 2, 3 and Λ wt .-% of the hereinbelow indicated mixtures A, B, C, D and E to each of the Oberflächenbehandlun-smittel I, II, III, IV, V and II are added and then stirred for emulsification, whereupon the masses are painted on wood. In any case, a decrease in the resistance of wood, measured at about 25 ^ ⁰ C (77 ⁰ F) from a value of efew above ΊΟ ^'11 ohms Λ

per area to a value of below 1G ⁷ ohms per area at a relative humidity of 20 to 30% and to one

Value of 10 ohms per cursory at a relative humidity from 55 to 65% obtained by dta dried films.

The parts listed below are in total based on weight.

Mixture A

4- parts cationic agent Λ

Part 1 . Polyethylene glycol (medium molecular weight 200) ■ - ■ ...

1 part diethylene glycol

Mixture B.

2 parts cationic agent 2

2 parts lauryltrimethylammonium chloride

1 part üfti · polyethylene glycol (average molecular weight 200)

1 part diethylene glycol ■

0 0981271353

2 parts 2 parts 1 part 1 part

4 parts 1 part

4 parts 1st part

Part 1

Mixture O

cationic agent 2 Lauryl trimethyl ammonium chloride Ethylene bisstearamide diethylene glycol

Mixture D

cationic agent 1

Xthylenoxydanlagunprsverbindungen of Lauryl alcohol

Mixture E

cationic agent 4

Polyethylene glycol (medium molecular weight 200)

Diethylene glycol

The modified surface treatment agents are the following:

I. Kitro sealing agent for wood (Mitro-Sealer) (i.e. a sealing agent containing nitrocellulose)

8.8 parts 1/4 see. Nitrocellulose (dry weight)

2.2 parts of pentaerythritol ester of maleic anhydride adduct of natural resin acids (rosin acids)

0.8 parts coconut oil alkyd, non-drying 0.6 parts of dioctyl phthalate 0.9 parts raw castor oil 1.0 part zinc stearate 10.0 parts ethyl alcohol 14.0 parts butyl acetate 14.0 parts of ethyl acetate «7.0 parts of VMP naphtha

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■ ■ ^: - - ²⁹ - ■■ '■ ^: ■. "■ ■

II. Vinyl wood sealant medium (wood pore closers)

2.5 parts 1/4 sec »nitrocellulose (dry weight)

2.2 parts polyvinyl butyral resin

5, 3 parts shellac, dewaxed (freed from wax) 8.0 parts ethyl alcohol 25.0 parts of ethyl acetate 57.0 parts of toluene,

III. Métro-sealant with kolloidaiieni matting _agents; - _{; k}

8.8 parts 1/4 see nitrocellulose (dry weight) 2.2 parts of maleic acid resin ester. 0.8 parts of castor oil, non-drying alkyd 0.6 parts Trikresy! Phosphate 0.9 parts of crude castor oil, 1.2 parts of silica

16.0 parts of ethyl acetate 15.0 parts of flutyl acetate 45.0 parts VMP »aphtha · 9.0 parts of ethyl alcohol

IV. Styrenic alkyl stain for wood

1 part £ naadES ± x umber

2 parts burnt Siennaer & e (light yellow ocher - burnt Sienn}

3 parts iron oxide ■ 2 parts aluminum silicate 5 parts styrene-coated alkyi 50% solids the gatekeeping components will be on

6 parts of the mentioned paste 4Q part VMB-Äaphtha ' 20 parts xylene "parts heavy fuel (Mineral Spirits)

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V. Paint stain for wood, pigmented

2 parts umber

1 part burnt sienna earth

4 parts of iron oxide

2 parts aluminum silicate

5 parts of crude pure oil

the above components are on a

5 roller mixers grind 10 parts of the ground paste 4-0 parts of VMP-lfaphtha 20 parts xylene. 30 parts heavy fuel (Minerals Spirits)

YI, NGB stain (i.e. non-grain-forming stain for wood

non * »ffratn-rai3inR stain for wood)

O ₁ I parts Metanil XeHo »0.5 parts Oalco Orange ΒΪ03 (Aa, Gyanamid Go.)

S ₁ O file

82.0 parts of methanol and 10.0 parts of toluene

009 8 12/1353

Claims (1)

Claims 1, surface treatment agent of insulating materials for the creation of an electrically conductive surface, characterized daf, ⁵ × they include an organic liquid as a continuous phase having suspended therein particles of a complex consisting of a relatively non-volatile by the union, '' H non-ionic, electronegative, polar, organic compound of medium solubility in the continuous liquid phase is formed with an organic, cationic, surfactant of medium solubility in the continuous liquid phase, the 'medium solubilities being the formation of coloidal micelles of the surfactant and the Allow creation of a stable dispersion of the complex. 2, means according to claim 1, characterized in that j the quaternary cationic surfactant Ammonium salt and the non-ionic compound of a linear organic compound with a predominant Proportion of methylene groups exist, 3, smock according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that the nonionic compound consists of a linear polymer which contains methylene groups and oxygen 009812/1353 contains atoms in a ratio of about 2: 1 to 6: 1, where the molecular weight of the polymer is chosen so as to achieve the required average solubility in the continuous Phase of creating the organic liquid. 4 »Agent according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the non-ionic compound consists of a linear polymer which is terminated with hydroxyl groups.
W 5, medium nac: one of claims 1 to U, characterized marked there. ^R the non-imic V-erb-indunq consists of a polyoxyalkylene glycol with a molecular weight of up to about 600 and in particular of polythylene glycol with a molecular weight of up to about 450. 6. A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the cationic surfactants dai ⁵ from a V7E. \ I * least one aliphatic solid having 8 to methylene group-containing ouarternSrem Ammoniumsaiz ^ consists. 7. Gown according to claim 6, characterized in that the cationic oil surface-active agent contains a straight-chain alkyl group as an aliphatic radical. 8. Agent according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the used as the continuous phase organic liquid consists of an organic solvent in which the particles of the complex suspended under formation of a microemulsion of the complex particles are. ^! . "009812/1353 ■ ■ - ■ '. BAD'ORIGINAL 1513526 9. Agent according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the organic liquid is essentially from an organic hydrocarbon solvent consists in which the complex particles are suspended. 10. Agent according to one of claims 1 to .9, characterized characterized in that the nonionic compound is composed of an organic containing 2 to 15 repeating units Polymer consists, which essentially methylene groups and ether oxygen atoms in a ratio of about 2: 1 to 6 ί1, 11. Means according to claim 10, characterized in that that the non-ionic compound consists of a linear polymer with connected essentially by divalent radicals There is methylene groups, the divalent residues of ether oxygen groups, imido groups, carbonyl groups or thioether groups are formed, 12. Means according to claim 11, characterized in that that the non-ionic compound consists of an organic polymer consists, which with monovalent radicals such as hydroxyl groups, mercapty groups, carboxyl groups, alkyl groups or aryl groups is terminated or closed. .BAD'ORIGINAL ' 000812/1353;