DE1516422A1 - Equipment for radiation treatment including the execution of the related measurements - Google Patents

Description

P AT ENT ANWÄ LT E

DR.-ING. WOLFF, H. BARTELS, 33 /? *! 7 STUTTGART T

DR ₁ BRANDES ₇ DR ING HERO T ^ o ™

■ 1 S 1 fi A 9 9 TELEX: 0722312

Re go no. 0 120 2ί

Kai Martin Edvard SETALA ₉ Helsinki (Finland)

the execution of so

The invention relates to aisff © infe device

Measurements _a die © in®n Tis @ h with a lying bottle for © to @ n patients - .. |

With the known facilities of this type it is only. mögliehg free a patient ₈ lying table on the Behandluags · = and any © in "INEM part of his-organisms has a malignant Tumox ⁹ _p a © radiation treatment ¥ © n above or Wn the side awössufUhren _β since the Tisöhober = part a BestrAislfflag- from below completely or partially © v © r »hinders or at least makes it very difficult _o Since a tumor is in

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can occur in any organ or tissue, it may be necessary ₉ to apply the radiation from different directions, i.e. also from below rotated in reverse ₀

If the patient's position is changed by such rotation ₈ very essential also to change the values that are related to the contour of the body of the patient in relation "but also the dimensions of the internal organs the same time" their Porm _s their mutual Läge ₈ before but everything changed the location of the tumor "the change in position of the body causes other than" the that the entire region be geriehtet ₈ DI® irradiation must _s Naeh the change in position is no longer in the same place ₈ where it was before _e This leads ₈ that the bundle of rays or the central ray of the radiation source no longer hits the region intended for irradiation, the position of which has been determined based on the original position of the patient the reasons mentioned above may be partially or even completely misdirected after the three-ning of the body u nd miss the tumor _o Furthermore, the radiation can be radiation-sensitive

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Hit organs or tissues which can then be damaged or destroyed. A change in the location of the tumor may also bring with it _$ that a variety τοπ beams that are directed at the tumor from different directions intersect at a single point, which can cause you wanted on a Uher "place too great a Amount of radiation receives "

Efforts have therefore been made to "table" a treatment create that makes it possible to overcome the disadvantages mentioned above to avoid «One has also been concerned with the creation trying to find an apparatus that allows the direction of the beam, the amount of radiation and the most suitable distance between the radiation source and precisely determine the area to be treated. On the The basis of the determined inert can then be used afterwards Radiation source in the radiation treatment department can be precisely adjusted · Such devices are called Simu «=. lators denotes α

Such an apparatus must therefore have a table that it allows from all directions

a) the radiation treatment on a precisely indicated basis and defined area to be addressed,

b) carry out an X-ray diagnosis,

c) to take control photographs during the treatment and

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d) Carry out the necessary measurements »without the fact that the lower part of the table prevents these measurements and it is not necessary to change the patient's position during the treatment and at the stage of the examination ₀

To solve this problem, for example, suggest using a basic body with an opening,

* The patient would have to be placed on this base body in such a way that the field to be treated lies within the opening, and the beam would then have to be directed through the opening onto the patient's body even if their size is variable, has a limited extent and that other parts of the main body that are adjacent to the opening cover more or less the remaining parts of the patient's body part to be treated. , restricted opening are therefore only usable as treatment tables _t if a malignant tumor in the head or in the neck and neck parts of the patient has to be irradiated «,

The invention is based on the object ₈ is a device for radiation treatment to create, which is free from the above-mentioned disadvantages and both for irradiation and for the before, during and possibly after the loading = ₀

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Radiation from feeding measurements ₈ d _β h- _{0 s} also for therapy simulation. This task is achieved according to the invention in that the table top consists of two parts lying in one plane ₈ which are spaced apart from one another to form a gap are ,, which extends over the entire width of the upper part ₈ and that the space below and next to the gap is free ₉ so that a device required for the treatment in a plane containing the longitudinal axis of the gap around the upper part and one lying on it patients around movable in an angular range of 3ßO ° and at an arbitrary angle on a bridging the gap portion of the patient's body alignable Ista the required for the treatment device may include a radiation source ,, an X-ray tube of the © dglo clauses _o

Since the Great © tumors: can vary _t is in a preferred lusführungsform to change the Spältbrelte mmlndent d © F. a part of the table top in the longitudinal direction. In addition, it is advantageous if the beld © Tell® of the table upper part are attached to the table so that they can be adjusted in height with respect to the lower part of the table »:

With a device according to the invention, the radiation source or the gamma ray tube or anything else

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The device can be moved freely around the table and the patient lying on it and pointed at the patient at a selectable angle in addition can be made higher and deeper, so that the distance to the region to be irradiated to an appropriate value set lst _e

In a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, an annular frame surrounding the table top and arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction of the upper part of the table is provided or an X-ray tube, if the device is used as a simulator. The frame is preferably designed to be displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the table top, and the holder preferably consists of a ring _{3 that can be rotated relative to the frame}

The device according to the invention enables the hospital staff ₉ to carry out the measurements, calculations and other measures precisely and quickly which are necessary for reliable radiation treatment

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it, during the radiation treatment, the necessary con · = · trolls and taking additional measurements without changing the patient's position on the table what would be required »Moreover, it is for those Cases where it is desirable or necessary to be able to carry out these measurements even more freely can, for example, if the radiation source is below a greater or lesser angle with respect to the Longitudinal extension of the patient must be aligned, which of course assumes that the preparatory Measurements can be carried out under the same directional angle

To achieve this, a particularly advantageous embodiment of the erfindüngsgemässen means 1st so formed that it allows to perform a rotational movement between the table top and the patient on the one hand and the transversely thereto extending slot and if necessary ₀ to the frame at = ■ the other hand. Specifically, the configuration is devised such that a preferably circular plate is provided with a diagonally extending slot provided between the facing ends of the two parts of the table upper part ₀ This plate preferably consists of two segment-shaped Teilenο

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c Π οο

The rotational relative movement can be obtained either by rotation of the disk together with the optionally _e existing frame relative to the stationary table top or by rotating the table top about its center against "on the stationärenkrsigförmigen plate and the stationary frame in the same way ₀

The invention is explained in detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing.
Show it?

PIg ₀ 1 shows a perspective view of an embodiment with a stationary frame,

Pig « 2 an incomplete perspective view

of a second embodiment with a. rotating frame,

Figo 3 and U are each a plan view of individual parts of the

Embodiment according to FIG. 2 on an enlarged scale ο

The embodiment shown in Figo 1 of a » direction for radiation treatment has two a table top forming part 1 and 2, which lie in one plane and at a distance from one another with the formation of a gap 3

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are arranged, the extended calibration over the entire width of the table top, the part 1 is arranged on a stand * ί that it is displaceable in the horizontal direction to change _f to the width of gap ₀ in the exemplary embodiment to this Horizontalverschiebbung a rack and a pinion is provided, both of which are not shown. The pinion can be turned by means of a handwheel 5 _o The edge of part 1 is, as Pig o 1 shows, j (provided with a scale β for reading the gap width or the position of part 1 »Part 2 of the upper part of the table is arranged in a corresponding manner on a stand so that it can be displaced relative to this

Between the uprights 4 and 7, a carriage 8 is provided »which is connected by means of guide rails 9 to the stator H ₀ The carriage 8 rests on a link," Part II, _8, the die'Ständer H and 7 to one another, and in the longitudinal direction of the table slidable in guides 10 of the connecting part Ii _D An annular frame 12 is attached to the carriage 8, which surrounds the table and in the plane of which the gap 3 lies _o On the frame

13 is a ring 13 attached to the with holding elements for Attaching a radiation source, an X-ray tube

14 or the like ο is provided _e The holder can be directed at the gap 3 at any desired angle.

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An X-ray screen, a plate _holder, an image intensifier or a television screen can be attached diametrically to the X-ray tube 14 on the opposite side of the frame 13 rotatable ring 13 or both can be provided with scales for reading off the angular position "these scales are also not shown". The carriage 8 with the parts 12, 13 and 14 attached to it is displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the table and can also be displaced up and down together with the stand 4. The table and the carriage 8 with the frame 12 are shown in a superscript position in dash-dotted lines in Pig »I.

If radiation treatment has to be carried out, the patient is placed on parts 1 and 2 of the "upper part of the table" in the same position as before, and this position and the position as well as the width of the slot are checked using the scales freely movable radiation source are carried out, which is arranged in the desired position with respect to the gap and directed at the desired angle on the body part of the patient who bridges the gap ₀ During this time, the carriage 8 is together with the frame 12 to

is
Side pushed ο It / however also possible to

source in the same way as the x-ray tube on 909832/0659

To attach frame _{or similar}

Parts 1 and 2 of the table top are so on Stand 4 and 7 arranged that they are lifted together or can be loweredα The drive device for this displacement can, for example, inside the Stand 4 be arranged, from where the drive for the part 2 Mittelβ one in the interior of the connecting part 11 arranged power transmission device can be transmitted to the stand 7 «

In FIG. 2, another embodiment of the device according to the invention is shown, which is a further development of the principle of the invention, as is the case with the embodiment according to Pig. 1 has "darβteilt" The two parts of the table top are in this second embodiment with 1 * and 2 *, the associated stands with 4 * and 7V, the frame and the Hing with 12 * and 13 "., The stands 4 * and? are attached to the floor or a suitable base plate and can be raised and lowered by means of one of the known devices commonly used for this purpose, for example a telescopic device ₀ Furthermore, the stands can be provided with rollers in order to be able to move the entire device freely, _etc.

The ring 13 * 1st with retaining elements for attaching a Provide radiation source 16 o The radiation source 16 1st

so arranged on the ring 13 ″ that the central beam of the 9XI9B32 / Ö6S9

Beam always passes through the center of the frame 12 * and the ring 13 * ₈ proceeds regardless of ^ which position the radiation source 16 relative to the frame occupies ₀ An apparatus 17 ', the the counter-point "of the radiation source - is &<& IGT, diametrically to this at ring 13 is arranged and provided with a quer'gespannten hair ₀ This device 17 is also directed towards the center of the frame out = · and therefore aligned with the central beam of the radiation source "an image of the transverse hair, which is projected onto the patient's skin ^ is mapped exactly at the point at which the central beam of the radiation source emerges from the patient's body, regardless of "which position of the ring the radiation source is at the moment ο if an X-ray tube is used, an X-ray" = strahlensöhirm or other apparatus required at the diametrical Gegenpunkfc the ring reasonable ■ ,. assigns _e the Heizel Elements are preferably arranged so that they can be moved in the radial direction in the plane of the ring towards and away from the center of the ring so that the distance between the device and the surface to be treated can be set to a suitable value.

As Figure 2 shows ₀ "are, the gap 3" and the frame 12 * ο rotatably supported relative to the parts 1 and 2 * ^e of the table top for this purpose, the frame 12 "with fixed

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a booze 18. ^ which is disposed below the TlschobeFtell _ö The frame 12 'is 18 only so far into "blank into a milled recess in the upper end face of the pillar" that the ring 13' with the dai "to attached devices still freely along the frame 12 * can be moved «. The lower end of the column 18 is rotatably arranged on a base plate 19 which is guided in two guide rails 20 in such a way that it can be displaced together with the column 18 and the frame 12 in the longitudinal direction of the table For example, rails 20 can be connected to uprights 4 * and 7 *

By rotating the column around its longitudinal axis, the frame 12 ⁹ "and the ring 13" can be swiveled, as shown in particular => special Figo 3 shows ₈ where however the slot 3 ⁹ -for reasons of clarity- ■ not lying in the plane of the frame ItY. shows - Is.fe.r, 'From Fig. 3 is also evident that the angle of rotation of the frame in the plane of the table is limited by the | -Width of the stand-4 * and T ⁹ and the distance -'from each other _o The pivot point of the frame is about 45 ° to 60 ° _o If · this is necessary, the angle of rotation can be changed j - in. ■ that the dimensions of the table top and the stand are changed compared to the dimensions of the frame "

In this Aus'führungsb'eisplel the gap 3 * 1st provided in a plate consisting of two segments 21 and 22 ₀

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When the frame 12 * is rotated, the gap between the segments 21 and 22 must follow the plane of this frame 1st, the segments 21 and 22 * respectively to the associated part 1 _e 2 'are connected such that they at a horizontalvörächiebung of the parts 1 * and 2' _Q participate the gap width may, for example between 0 cm and 60 cm vary "the segments 21 and 22 are also so or with the associated parts I ⁹ "2 connected 'that" IE can be rotated in the plane of the table around a center of its circular periphery in synchronization with the rotation of the column 18 _o the rotational movement of the column 18 can be in any conventional Way, for example by means of toothed racks and gears ₈ , are transmitted to the segments 21 and 22 so that the segments have the same BrehwInSr ?! and the same direction of rotation as the column 18 is conveyed. With such an arrangement, the gap 3, the boundary edges of which remain parallel to one another during the rotary movement, always aligns itself with the line ₉ in which the plane of the frame 12® is the plane of the The upper part of the table cuts ο The segments 21 and 22 can in this case be guided and supported in the end faces of the parts 1 · and 2 °, so that the plate is rotated together with the column.

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without the table parts being rotated. In this case, the gap width can also be made variable. V ' ■ "■■ ... ■ · ■■' * ■ '

If the width of the gap 3 can remain constant, the construction is simplified considerably «since neither the table top nor the parts of the table top are in Need to be movable lengthways of the table "

The relative rotational movement between the table top and the gap or the frame can also be achieved in this way that you can freely choose the plate together with the » stationary frame, while the upper part of the table is rotatably mounted The gap in the table top is always in the plane of the frame. In order to enable the rotary movement of the table top, ring-shaped guide elements can be installed in the footplate for the stands can be provided on both sides of the frame. In this case, too, the parts of the table top against each other and away from each other and opposite the uprights

movable / be stored at a constant distance from each other are arranged «

It is obvious that there is a possibility must be, on scales the rotatory or translational Displacement between the different parts of the device can be read o Therefore in Fig. 2 above in grass =

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On the first scale, a scale 23 is shown ₈ which is provided on the ring 13 * and extends over an angular range of 360 ° A scale 2k shows the angular position of the column. 18 in relation to the base plate 19 o In addition, scales are provided ^ which the displacement of the parts 1 * and 2 * in the Tisehebene, the gap width, the height position of the parts l ^e and 2 "etc ₀ specify _o if so desired | is _8, the device can be known devices are provided with on, by means of which the individual values to a Koßtrollpult in an adjacent space can be carried over «= ₀

The table top ₂ is preferably made of a transparent material, 1st provided with a longitudinal center line which divides the device into two symmetrical part © in the same manner as the transverse plane passing through the frame and the device also in swel symmetrical 'parts splits ο The upper part of the table can also be provided with hinged fittings that either allow pivoting about its transverse axis or about its longitudinal center line ₀

The inventive device can be aucsh combined with a device as described in the German patent = Application S 97 9 & 2 of applicant is described _c In this case, one and the same device can be used to copy the cross-sectional circumference of the body of the patient, and also for the execution of X-ray photographs _s for determination

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the beam angle and the distance from the radiation source 3 can be used as for radiation treatment at practically any desired angle without having to change the patient's position ₀

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Claims (13)

£ yyy *. JL JLJLiLiLJ L IL ?. J * JgLJjJ? / I) J Device for radiation treatment including the execution of the measurements connected therewith, which has a table with a table top part forming a bed for a patient, characterized in that the table top part consists of two parts lying in one plane (I ₉ 2; 1 * 2 *), which are arranged at a distance from each other to form a gap (3 * 3 *), which extends over the entire width of the upper part, and that the space below and next to the gap (3.3 * ) is free, so that a device (14,16) required for the treatment can be moved in a plane containing the longitudinal axis of the gap (3,3 * 3) around the upper part and a patient lying on it in an angular range of 36Ο ⁰ and can be aligned at any angle to a part of the patient's body bridging the gap (3.3 ') * 2) device according to claiml, characterized in that to change the gap width at least a part (l, 2) of the Table top part arranged to be displaceable in its longitudinal direction Is to 3) Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that both parts (1,2) of the table top part together in 909832/0659 the height of the lower part of the table (4.7) is adjustable are arranged in cash ». 4) Device according to one of claims 1 to 3 »characterized in that an annular frame (12,12 ·) encompassing transversely to the longitudinal direction of the upper teliSföSJflffBi & ik is provided, which is movable relative to it (11 * 13 *) Holder / xtir has a treatment device (14, 16). 5) Device according to claim 4 _f, characterized in that the frame (12,12 *) is mounted in the longitudinal direction of the upper Tiso part against the gap (3,3 *) and away from it displaceably 6) Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the holder consists of a relative to the frame (12,12 *) rotatable ring (13,13 *) consists «, 7) Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the gap (3 *) is provided in a preferably circular plate (21,22), which between the mutually facing ends of the two parts (l * _t 2 ·) of the table top is arranged, and that a device is provided which enables a rotary movement of the fat (21,22) relative to the parts (1 *, 2 *) of the lower part in the plane of the table top. S. 90983 2/06 59 8) Device according to claim I _9, characterized in that the plate (21 _P 22) is divided and the parts (21, 22) are arranged to be displaceable relative to one another to change the width of the slot 9) Device according to claim 7 »characterized in that that the table top around the intersection of its w longitudinal center line is rotatably mounted with that of the gap _o 10) Device according to claim 7 »characterized in that that the plate (21,22) and the frame (12 *) are synchronous continuously relative to the parts (1 ·, 2 ·) of the table top are rotatably arranged o 11) Device according to claim 10, characterized by a columnar support (i8) with vertical at the level established by the table top standing longitudinal axis "on which the Tisehoberfceil pulls" reversed end of the frame (12 *} is attached and rotatable on a preferably in the longitudinal direction of the Above table movable base plate (19) mounted iSto 12) Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the plate consists of two segments (21,22), whose circular cylindrical shell part depending on one of the 909832/0659 ORIGINAL BATHROOM facing end faces of the two parts (i * £ ^f ) of the table top part, these end faces being designed as guides for a rotary movement of the plate relative to the table top part » 13) Device according to claim 12, characterized in that each segment &, 22) is connected to the associated part (1 *, ^2f ) of the table top relative to this in the longitudinal direction so that it cannot be displaced » 1 * 5) device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the relatively movable parts, namely the frame (12,12 ») and the ring (13,13 '), the columnar support (18) and the Base plate (19), the plate (21,22) and the parts (1 », 2 ⁸ ) of the table ^{top part, these parts (1% 2 9} ) and the organs supporting them, with their mutual position indicating; ile scales (6,23,24) BATH ORIGINAL 909832/0659 Blank page