DE1513371A1 - Electrical overload switch - Google Patents

Description

DR. ING, H. NEQENDANK

Β · · MSUSK WALL 41 · VSRNKDF M 74 ^ β CND M A M

MECHANICAL PRODUCTS, INC.

1824 River Street

Jackson, Michigan / UuA November 13, 1965

Electrical circuit breaker

The invention relates generally to electrical circuit breakers and, more particularly, to an improved one multi-pole, trip-free circuit breaker of the usual type of trip.

Multipole automatic electrical circuit breakers of the type to which the invention relates are often used used to protect multi-phase branched circuits that have one end to a multi-phase source and the the other end to a multi-phase load such as three-phase motors and other similar multi-phase devices gen are connected. Me overload containers exist generally of a multitude of electrically isolated pairs of separable contacts, a releasable work mechanism for the effect of a simultaneous separation of the corresponding pairs of contacts and a release device, which is responsive to predetermined conditions in any of the phases of the electrical circuit such that it triggers the working mechanism of the circuit breaker and all phases of the branched circuit opens.

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Typically, the trip device includes such

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Overload switch una uie a latch mechanism which is in Virkverbinuung with a current-sensitive element able to effect engaging and loaing movement of the pawl. In operation, the pawl must be mechanically proportionate be strong in order to keep the working mechanism in the closed State, and enough contact pressure must be applied to ensure that the electrical Ensure contact of the contacts of the circuit breaker. In addition, the mechanism on the basis of a proportionate slight movement of the actual pawl unu than Consequence of a slight change in the condition ues strumeu ^ andliehen Loans G-lieues in any of the multitude of phases una must surely be drawable. Uas current-sensitive G-lieu must to a relatively small increase in electricity above one address a predetermined maximum value and a physical one Have response characteristics uie the latch is able to release in the manner described above. With certain previously known Multiple circuit breakers for use in In a multi-phase branch circuit, the contact pressure of the contacts is directly related to the outside inside of the overload switch arranged number of contacts. Have jaraus Difficulties arise in applying the correct contact pressure for each and every pair of contacts to meet the required load capacity.

^ Next is overloaded with certain other previously known ones
- »switch this type of latch mechanism via a flexible

° member connected to a contact-bearing element, whereby it

^ is required that the flexible element depending on the Applied amount of contact pressure bends. The in

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_{The type 1} ) of flexible members used in the past has shown that the heat generated by the unit fatigues the flexible element and often breaks during use, causing the overload switch to fail. In the event of a constant overload, it is necessary to replace the switch; This causes a breakdown of the circuit both for the period of the Elemont breakage and for the time required to replace the switch. In addition, the prior art circuit breakers have encountered certain other problems with the force system built within the circuit breaker to maintain proper contact pressure between the contacts, and it is these forces, in addition to the aforementioned areas, that the invention is concerned with.

One of the important considerations with multi-phase circuit breakers this type consists in creating a reliable and fast-working over-load switch for which all phases of the multi-phase circuit are quickly and effectively interrupted without the risk of that one of the phases remains switched on. In some of the previously known devices, each phase became independent sensed to make an independent trip for the appropriate To get part of the circuit breaker. It is desirable that a single element senses the states of all three phases of the branch circuit together, instead of for the individual ones Electric circuit to provide individual sensors and the Prableny & it stand to allow all states of the circuit to be related to a single latch element. So is it is desirable for individual units to have the states

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generating within the branch circuit corresponding signal state, and that a single element detects the signal state to make effective around a limb, in turn DAT all the plurality of the contact pairs in all phases of the branch circuit _opens%. For the reasons mentioned above, this process should proceed relatively quickly and reliably before calibration and must be able to withstand strong vibrations and compensation processes in the environment in which the overload switch is used. In addition, the overload switch must be able to withstand relatively high transient fault currents above and above the normally encountered overload current to which the overload switch is responsive. A fault in one phase should essentially cause the same tripping process in the circuit breaker • as a fault in all phases of a multi-phase circuit.

When using a multipole circuit breaker, the Manufactured in accordance with the principles of the present invention, the user has the security of an inevitable Overload protection for multi-phase circuits with relatively low currents by using a reading device for uie contacts that point to a small error in any of the Pheen, a major mistake in any of the co de * phases, or some combination of these two states

JJ responds The Überlastetrom is sensed, and it is of a heating element ™, carrion in each of the branch circuits of

o multiphase system is electrically connected, one signals

* - state generated. This Sifnalcuetand will in turn go through to

a bimetallic element detected with all phases ■ the intermediate circuit connected to the common release lever arrangement

BAD ORlGiNAL - 5 -

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is & iÄ! P fää

§Li # der "L £ oftätftti6 £ ir« tfdeu * Vöa those that

§In & _: §in ^ eWOgIiOJbSS Mö-tsdE-feeie &öiii; ir "äg; t and the other with aerm itiöiö§ # E £ öti # Iä # öfeaöi-öÄtiä iö Siögfiff can fret, so that one

MÄ ^ iiiig föigeadead iöt * lli-fe certain modifications -i § # r titörMijsöhalier de * törliiginata Brfindwrg in Mi & USA-fäiiöi 3 14-5 281 oifentar-ton generally 2yp.

Öiä aim of the present invention therein * eiiiän v§rlesööii§ii äuiiioMätiöcliön aehipolar overload switch fiif den G-ebräuöii ^ Uöi Söiiutii of multiphase circuits Create a mess with relatively small streams. '

iiih another aim of the present invention "consists in to create a multi-phase circuit breaker that "at a relatively small current overload essentially instantly viewed.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved overload age that is improved Properties related to the detection of the overload condition having,

Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved circuit breaker that can be used with improved means for exerting the contact pressure on its contact pairs is provided.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a circuit breaker with improved

BATH ORIGINAL

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Means for correlating overload conditions in any one phase or in all phases of a multiphase • Circuit verse η is.

Another object of the present invention is to to provide an improved circuit breaker in which improved force distribution characteristics within the Structural elements of the circuit breaker are available.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a circuit breaker with improved features in the To create latch release, the response of the circuit breaker is significantly increased.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a multipole circuit breaker that is simple to be designed and manufactured at low cost.

The invention has sioh set the task of a circuit breaker to create in which the aforementioned and other goals are achieved. To solve this problem, the invention is based on an electrical circuit breaker with a housing, a stationary contact arranged within the housing, and one with the stationary contact

engageable movable contact, 'a releasable to

Piston assembly for causing movement of the movable contact to engage the stationary contact, a release device with a single stop, in

^ which the contacts are held in engagement with each other,

and a triggered state, in some cases as a result of one preselected state in the overload so-holder the engagement

BATH ORIGINAL γ _

is released between the stationary and movable contacts, and means operatively connected to the piston assembly to relate the movement of the piston assembly mechanism to the movable contact and to engage the trip device so that they can be engaged during at least one Part of the movement of the piston assembly maintains the engagement of the movable with the stationary contact and disengages the movable contact from this engagement when the preselected condition occurs.

They achieve the object takes place at a over- m overload release of this type according to the invention substantially in that said stationary with the piston assembly in operative connection means support means supporting said movable contact in a rotatable relationship with the piston assembly, and biasing means comprise the support means resiliently engaged to drive the movable contact into engagement with the stationary contact, the biasing means comprising a pawl member rotatably connected to the piston assembly and releasably engaged at one end with the trip device.

Further features and advantages of the invention emerge from the following description of an exemplary embodiment in conjunction with the kit and the drawings.

Ed. 1 is a partly broken plan view of a multipolar Utorlaateoaalter, in which primiples the present Irfladuag embodies ilad - and explains 4hni HeI «er and Aujlö ··« orders. ·

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BATHROOM ORiGINAL- -

Figo 2 is a side view of the multipole circuit breaker the pig. 1 along line 2-2 of this figure and particularly shows the release lever and pawl assembly.

Fig. 3 is a side view of the circuit breaker assembly of Fig. 2 along the line 3-3 of this figure and illustrated especially the heater assembly.

Figure 4 is another cross-sectional view of the circuit breaker assembly of Fig. 2 along the line 4-4 of this figure.

In the drawings there is a multi-pole, trip-free one electrical circuit breaker 10 shown, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is constructed and an insulating housing 12 made of keAischem or has similar insulating material, the parts of which are held together by screws 14, rivets 15 or other similar fastening means will. The front side is closed by means of a metallic cover member 13 and a disk-like insulating means 16 isolates the internal parts of the circuit breaker from the cover 13 and seals the connection between certain Divide the circuit breaker housing 12 and the cover 13 from. The housing generally comprises a plurality of one another connected sections 18, 20 and 22 which show the various parts of the circuit breaker connected to each of the phases belonging to the multiphase circuit are housed. The sections are separated from one another by suitable dividing means 24 separated, which may be in the form of integrally molded projections extending from the interior of the housing. The protrusions 24 can also be used to attach the upper part of a bracket

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serve member 26, which is used to the three shown Separate sections from one another and also the elements in the manner to be "described below" to be carried within the circuit breaker arrangement.

The lower part of the U-shaped frame is with the help of rivets 28 and a washer member rigidly attached to the cover 13 of the circuit breaker housing 12. The case can by suitable means, such as rivets or screws, which pass through the two halves of the housing, be held together. The upper part of the housing 12 is provided with a plurality of pairs of connections 30-32, 34-36 and 38-40, suitably connected by means of a A plurality of pairs of screws 42, 44 and 46 are fastened in a certain position relative to the housing. One A variety of isolation barriers 47, 491 51 and 53 isolates the Ladder pairs of each phase are relative to each other and are also there additional strength to the structure. When connecting suitable lines to the terminals, such as terminals 34 and 36, flows the current through the corresponding section of the overload holder, approximately from terminal 36, and exits the circuit breaker approximately at terminal 34. Thus it results in each of the branches a monitoring of the current by means of the circuit breaker ο Although only the middle section of the Circuit breaker will be described, it is understood that all sections in the relevant details are essentially identical; any exception to this will be specially indicated «

The mounting screws 44 go through a general

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I-shaped section 48 and 50 of the terminals 34 and 36, and the lower part 50 represents "a mounting surface for a fixed contact 52 which is formed so, he .that mates with a movable contact 54th, the three pairs of terminals 30 _T 32, 34-36 and 38-40 are intended to be connected to opposite sides of an outer three-phase electrical circuit, so that the current normally flows from one terminal through the circuit breaker to the associated terminal. ^ hen the contacts of any one pole as a result of a condition the current overload are in the tripped or open position, there is an interruption of the flow of current through the circuit breaker 10, as can be seen from Pig .. The movable contact 54 is mounted on a rotatable pawl assembly 58, the details of which are described below, Die Connection through the circuit breaker is effected by a wire tail 60, one end of which is attached to the latch assembly 58 and the other its end is connected to a heater assembly 62. As indicated above, for the sake of simplicity, only the central unit of the circuit breaker will be described. It should be noted, however, that many of the information provided in connection with the description of Pig. 2 have counterparts in the other two parts of the circuit breaker. Where these arrangements have not been given special reference numbers, they are provided with the prime or two-prime reference number of the corresponding element in the central part.

From the heater assembly 62, the current flows upward to the lower part 48 of the terminal assembly 34 and thus to the outside to the other line of the one shown

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Phase connected line pair. Control of the pawl assembly is effected by a heat sensitive Auslösehe lever mechanism 66 which engages a portion of the pawl assembly 58 to hold it in place until a condition of current overload is detected and the trip lever assembly releases the pawl assembly, whereby open the contacts 52 and 54. the _e manually to be carried out returning operation of the latch arrangement is carried out via a hand-piston assembly 70 which is suitably connected therewith. As can best be seen from FIG. 2, the hand piston assembly is slidably mounted in a threaded nipple 72 and protrudes outwardly from this threaded nipple} the threaded nipple is integral with the metal cover member 13 which is on the lower part of the housing 12 is attached, formed.

The piston assembly 70 includes a compression spring 76 which, at one end thereof, is integral with a sleeve member formed shoulder 78 and at its other end to an inwardly extending shoulder portion 82 on the lower Part of the housing member 12 is formed, rests. In this way, the piston assembly is biased to the outside Location held. The piston assembly also includes a manually operable piston member 84 which is integral with of the sleeve 80 or, as in Pig. 2, can be designed as a separate component. The piston member 84 is means of a pin 90 connected to an outer piston shaft 88 ^ the pin passes through both the piston member 84 and the outer shaft member 88. It should be noted that the one described in Pig. 2 the switch shown is in the reset position

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"is, d. h _o in the position in which the contacts 52 are closed and the release lever rod arrangement 66 in engagement with the latch assembly 58" is to compress resiliently to the contacts 52, 54 "

The piston actuator assembly 70 further includes one inner piston skirt 92, which is connected to the outer piston skirt 88 with the aid of a connection 94 provided with a dead Sang The connection 94 generally comprises a rivet 94 carried in an elongated slot 96, whereby the connection between the inner piston skirt member 92 and the outer piston skirt member 88 is established. The inward and outward movement of the piston assembly 70

is achieved both by the sliding engagement of the sheath 80 within the nipple 72 and by means of a pin guided, which is rigidly fixed in the nipple arrangement 72 and slidably with one in the outer piston shaft member 88 formed elongated slot 100 is engaged.

The outer piston shaft 88 is held in its retracted position by a toggle lever assembly 104, the one Has biasing arm 106 which tends to have a toggle lever 108 in the direction of the outer piston shaft 88 to pretension. The toggle lever 108 is rotatably mounted on a frame member 110 with the aid of a bearing pin 112, and the connection between the lever arm 106 and the toggle lever 108 is established by a pin 114. The toggle link is provided at one end with a roller member 118 which is formed into a on the outer piston skirt 88 Cutout part 120 is able to enter. Yfenn the owl member is located in the cutout 120, the piston assembly

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held in the retracted position against the bias of the compressed spring 76. The connection between the lever arm 106 and the toggle lever 108 is rigidly designed by a cutout part formed in one end of the lever arm 106 which engages with the pin 112} thus a connection for the toggle lever arrangement 104 that can rotate about the pin 112 results Biasing force, which is used to maintain engagement between the collar 118 and the cutout 120, is provided by a spring member 122, as will become apparent later in the description. It should be noted that the circuit breaker M arrangement 10 contains only a single piston assembly 70 and toggle lever assembly 104, so that the circuit breaker is kept in the on condition with a minimum of parts and the resetting of the triggered mechanism by the movement of a single piston, for example of the piston 84, can be effected. In addition, a single release lever mechanism 66 is provided for the release process with separate sensors for each phase.

The latch assembly 58 carrying the movable contact 54 ™ comprises a generally L-shaped contact support element -126, and the contact 54 is soldered or welded onto an upper surface of a leg of this support element. The other Leg is provided with a flexible conduit element 128, soldered or welded to it to route the current to another part of the circuit breaker assembly, as will be explained below. One leg 127 is connected to a bearing pin element 152, which is connected to Help of a hinge member 134, which on dom pin 13-2 is rotatably mounted, is held in the frame 26. Thus becomes

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the contact element 54 when the L-shaped member 126 and rotate the hinge member 134 on the pin 132 in an arcuate • shaped movement on the fixed contact member 52 to and from this moved away. It should be noted that although only one pawl assembly 58 is shown in FIG. 2 is shown, a corresponding pawl arrangement 57 or 59 is located in all phases of the polyphase circuit. You can see this best in the view shown in Figs. 1 and 4, in which the fact is explained that for each of the Pole of the circuit breaker 10 a hinge member 134 corresponding to the hinge member is provided.

The I-shaped contact support member 126 is with the help of a Compression spring 140 biased into the closed position; this compression spring is in an open, generally extending upward housed tubular member 141 mounted on a contact bias rod member 142, which by means of a generally U-shaped extension member 144 connected at its ends thereto, and a pair of hinge extensions 145 (see FIG. 1) formed integrally with the rod member 142 rotatably on the Pin 132 is mounted. A shoulder member 148 is provided on one end 146 of the extension member 144 and is so formed is that it engages part of the release lever assembly 66 and thereby exerts a biasing force on the spring element 140 is able to maintain »Thus, when the trip lever assembly 66 the upper surface of the shoulder member 146 is detected, the other end of the pawl assembly 58 is pushed upward, the spring 140 in biasing Engagement with the upper leg 127 occurs. Be that way contacts 52 and 54 are held in intimate relationship with one another.

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Like the hinge member 134, the rod member 142 is common to a plurality of tubular members, one each tubular member provided for each pole and with one spring member carried therein is provided.

When the shoulder member 148 through the trip lever assembly 66 is released, the spring 140 tends to release the pressure on the leg 127 and thereby the preload pressure to lower the contact elements 54. As you can read above, the spring element 122 presses the roller member 118 resiliently inward the cutout part 120, and the other end of the spring member 122 is attached to an extension of the rod member 142 and thereby tends to move the rod member 142 to to press down in order to exert a resilient biasing force directed upwards against the release lever arrangement 66 on the shoulder part 148 to be exercised When the pawl assembly 58 is released by the release lever assembly 66, the toggle assembly relieved of the force of the spring 122 and allows Roller member 118 to be released from the cutout part 120. When the wheel member 118 has come loose, the moves Piston assembly 70 out of the housing with the aid of spring 76 and thereby pulls inner piston shaft 88 together with the pawl arrangement 58 and the contact element 54 downwards. This makes the movable contact element 54 separated from the fixed contact element 52, \ 7enn when the release of the rod member 142 moves down, a lower surface 147 thereon, a point 149 formed on the lower leg of the L-shaped member 126 and thereby limits the relative movement between members 126 and 14 ?. In this way the spring 140 becomes effective between them included, and the further downward movement of the

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> Pawl assembly 58 is supported by a pair of spring members 176 ', 176 ·', which at one end with a Extension of the rod link 142 and at the other end are connected to the trip lever assembly 66. Complete rotation of assembly 58 is achieved by engagement a part of the rod link 142 with the support £ .ied 26 prevented.

The action of the pawl assembly 58 is controlled by the release lever assembly 66 which is thermally responsive to the heat generated by the current flowing through a heater assembly 150. The heater assembly generally includes a heater unit 151, 152, 153 for each of the phases to be monitored, as best seen in FIG. 3, and has a pair of outer legs 154, 156 and a middle leg 158 that connects to the other end of flexible conductor 60. It should be noted that the flexible conductor 60 is covered with a sheath made of flexible nylon or other type of insulating material to prevent shorting / shorting with any part of the circuit breaker. Thus, in Figure 2, the current enters from terminal 56 and flows through closed contacts 52, 54 and flexible conductor 60 to central legs 158, 159 of heater 150 and passes through outer legs 154, 156 by means of the Connector 48 at terminal 34 from. A suitable spring member 160 is attached to the heater assembly 150 as part of the assembly 62 and engages a portion of the frame 26 to exert the required spring tension between the trip lever assembly 66 and the heater assembly 150.

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Since the heat is generated in the heater assembly 150, a bimetal element 162 of the trip lever assembly 66, which has a fixed end 164 and a freely movable end 166, is arranged in close heat exchange with the heater 15.0. When the heat from the heater 150 to the bimetal element 162 is transmitted, the freely "movable end 166 tends to move away from the piston assembly 70 and thereby moves an attached trigger rod 170 away from the shoulder member 148" The bimetallic element 162 is attached to the trigger rod 170 at a central part thereof by means of a Rivet 172 attached. J | Inwardly biasing the trip lever assembly is provided by a pair of springs 176 ', 176 ¹¹ connected at one end to a pivot pin 178 and at the other end to the extension of rod member 142, as described above. The bearing pin 178 is rigidly attached to the trip lever rod, namely

one
by means of / bracket 180, which is attached to it in a suitable manner

is, for example, by a rivet 172 and a second rivet 182.

The engagement between the trip lever rod 170 and the Shoulder portion 148 is effected with the aid of a shoulder surface element 186 which is attached to the release lever rod by means of a rivet 188 is appropriate. Link 186 is down with one facing surface 190 provided which is suitable for the ^ upper surface of the shoulder member 148 to grasp how

oo can be seen from Fig _0. 2 Since the bimetal element 162

cn ^ '"

- * nachj? et5hts extends, is due to the by the heater ^ caused the surface 190 of their heating process ^ Position above the shoulder element 148 slightly pulled so that the pawl assembly 58 is released and the process of

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Triggering takes place in the manner described above. The heater assembly 150 is at its head by any suitable Measures, such as soldering or welding, attached to the terminal member 48, and in the wall of the housing member 12 is an adjusting screw 194 is provided to move the lower part of the heater 150 against the action of the spring 160 in the direction to push the bulb element 162 inward. Through this For example, the amount of heat required to activate the bimetal element 162 can be controlled.

As stated above, the invention relates to a multipole circuit breaker in which a plurality of Phases with the aid of a pair of contacts 52, 54 is monitored. It is therefore necessary that three contact pairs 52-54, 194-196 and 198-200 are provided to be in pail one three-phase system to obtain the necessary monitoring of the three phases. Also is a variety of heater arrangements 150, 152 and 155 are provided to provide heat to a A plurality of bimetallic elements 162, 162 'and 162' for each the three heaters 150, 152 and 153 of each branch of the three-phase System to deliver. It should be noted, however, that only a single shoulder member 148 is provided and that

In accordance with this, only one perpetual surface element 186 is provided in that only a single actuation of the trip rod assembly 66 is required to all Separate contacts of the system. Thus, a portion of the pawl assembly 58 is continuous to all three poles of the unit is provided, and a plurality of springs 140 are used, namely one spring for each pair of contact elements the arrangement. Thus, if the current is in any-

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one branch of the branched circuit heats its associated heater unit, "for example the heater element to activate the bimetal element 162, actuates the release lever assembly and thereby the pawl assembly notched.

Other embodiments are possible without departing from the scope of the invention »

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Claims (1)

PATBNTAN WALT
HAHBCRO 8β · NIDKB WALL 41 ■ PBHNRUF 8β 74 88 AND 8β 41 18 MECHANICAL PRODUCTS, INC. 1824 River Street Jackson, Michigan / USA November 13, 1965 Claims Electrical circuit breaker with a housing, a stationary contact arranged within the housing, a movable contact engageable with the stationary contact, a releasable piston assembly for Causing the movable contact to move up to. Engagement with the stationary contact, a trip device with a switched-on state in which the contacts are held in engagement with one another, and a tripped state State in which, as a result of a preselected state in the circuit breaker, the engagement between the stationary and movable contacts and means operatively connected to the piston assembly stand to relate the movement of the piston assembly mechanism to the movable contact, and can engage with the trip device so that they can be engaged during at least part of the movement of the Piston assembly maintaining the engagement of the movable with the stationary contact and the movable Release contact from this engagement when the preselected condition occurs, characterized in that this Means support means (126, 127), which the movable contact (54) in rotatable relationship with the piston assembly (70) 909851/06 42 bear, and biasing means (140, 142) which can spring into engagement with the support means to forcing the movable contact into engagement with the stationary contact, the biasing means being a pawl member (144) which is rotatably connected to the piston assembly and at one end (146, 148) with the Release device (66) is in releasable engagement ,,. 2. The switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the support means are pivotally connected to the piston assembly, and in that the biasing means comprises a middle of an M part rotatably connected to the piston assembly mechanism (92) and releasably at one end to the triggering device (66) in Engaging arm (144), a compression spring (140) and spring support means which are formed at the other end of the arm to support the spring in resilient engagement with the support means (126, 127). 5. Overload switch according to claim 2, characterized in that that the support means are essentially I-shaped ™ and at the end of one of its legs (127) with the piston assembly are rotatably connected, the support means having the movable contact (54) on an upper surface of itself in Q bear rotatable relationship to the piston assembly, and that ex) the spring suspension means are cup means at the other end - * of the arm (144) are designed to the spring in resilient To maintain engagement with the support means (126, 127), a portion of the cup means being adapted to be in the triggered state part of the I-shaped suspension element ■ r (I ^ able to grasp the spring in, the cup means and and held in engagement with the L-shaped member (126, 127).
« 4. Circuit breaker according to claim 3, characterized in that at the end of the other leg 'of the L-shaped member (126, 127) a shoulder part (149) is formed so that in the triggered state it is able to grasp a lower surface of the cup means in order to control the rotational movement of the To limit cup means with respect to the support means and to engage the spring (140) with one leg (127) keep. 5. Circuit breaker according to one of claims 1 to 5, in which further movable contacts and further stationary ones Contacts are provided to a multi-pole circuit breaker with a multitude of electrical contacts against each other forming isolated poles within the housing, each pole of which has a stationary contact and a movable contact, characterized in that each of the movable contacts (54, 196, 200) is on its own Suspension means (126, 126 », 126 ··) is arranged, and that the pawl member (144) is common to all n suspension means. 909851/0642