DE1509014A1 - Reinforced component and process for its manufacture - Google Patents

Description

Erich Stockmann 5012 Langenhagen, lü. 7th 1964

Civil engineer Bachstr. 8th

"Patent application

Reinforced component and process for its manufacture

The invention relates to any reinforced component Type of cement-bonded concrete and / or prefabricated building elements as well as process for its manufacture.

In the case of reinforced components or structures, apart from a few exceptional cases, the reinforcement is made of iron or steel. Such reinforcement requires a relatively high cost of wages and materials. For example, the costs for the reinforcement steel of a ceiling can amount to around 30% of the total material costs for the ceiling, while the Lohri costs for processing the reinforcement (cutting, bending and braiding) depending on the type of ceiling 10 to 20 % of the total wage expenditure for the ceiling. If components have to withstand particularly high loads, aB-in the case of beams or girders, these proportions can be even higher. When using steel inserts as reinforcement, a cracked tensile zone is calculated according to the rules of normal reinforced concrete construction. Therefore arise in the components or structures

- P ~

809813/0874

Hairline cracks through which moisture can penetrate and lead to the destruction of the reinforcement due to corrosion. Furthermore, according to the building regulations, the steel inserts must be provided with sufficient concrete cover, which reduces the static height of the components, e.g. a ceiling or a beam. Finally, the correct installation of the »steel inserts, at least in the case of components or structures that are concreted on site, causes considerable difficulties, since the correct calculated height of the steel inserts is difficult to monitor and secure while the concrete work is being carried out. This leads, in many cases, the ^i. 3, the actual height position of the reinforcement in comparison with the structural calculation of the corresponding component gives a too low height for the static component is reduced so that the bearing capacity of the component. If during concreting the iron inlays, as is often the case with ceilings made of in-situ concrete, are too deep, εο the oil coverage and thus the corrosion protection is no longer guaranteed. For ceilings that are made of prefabricated ceiling elements, eg ceiling stones, zwieschert this Ortbetonstegen formed small width, although the right elevation, the Etahleirlagen are more easily met, but this is often the right pages! Age of the reinforcing bars in the narrow concrete pontoons not guaranteed especially if the Stole, which tend Teim EiriMu easily viuni bending, no longer gan; - just "are a particular disadvantage that all defects are" ¹ ".öleher Ai ■ generally only noticed when the concrete einße xacht unc

- 3 -309813/0874

the height and / or lateral position of the reinforcement can no longer be corrected.

The invention is intended to provide a reinforced component or structural body can be created in which all these disadvantages are avoided and, moreover, particular advantages are achieved are.

Accordingly, the invention is that in a reinforced Component made of concrete, in particular cement concrete and / or prefabricated components, the reinforcement at least for the Part consists of synthetic or cast resin concrete or mortar. This reinforcement can be in various forms on one or two External surfaces of the component, e.g. in the case of a storey ceiling on the underside of the ceiling and possibly also on its. Top, be arranged, where they due to the extraordinarily high adhesion of synthetic concrete or mortar to cement-bound Concrete or on the material of bricks of any kind intimately with the other material of the component or structure connected is. Reinforcement made of synthetic resin concrete or mortar can also be used, especially in the case of structures such as ceilings and walls made of prefabricated elements, inside the building, possibly also inside and outside it be arranged. It can also be arranged in connection with reinforcement inserts of the usual type made of iron or steel is suitable for the production of the components on site or in a precast plant as prefabricated components.

The use of plastics in concrete construction is in itself known. Apart from their use to protect cementitious

809813/0874 -4- "

Bound concrete against aggressive substances and sealing against fuels, oils or other liquids, plastics, such as unsaturated polyester resin, are also added to concrete in solid or liquid form as an additive in order to achieve certain quality properties and / or instead of cement and water Serving binders in concrete. Such concrete is generally referred to as synthetic resin or cast resin concrete. The term "cast resin mortar" is also common for mixtures of a plastic binder and sand. Depending on the intended purpose, a wide variety of plastics are used in conjunction with cement-bound concrete or similar materials. For synthetic or cast resin concrete or mortar, epoxy resins and unsaturated polyester resins are particularly suitable, both of which are thermoset casting resins 20 percent by volume can be achieved, polyester resins show a somewhat greater volume shrinkage than epoxy resins, but the shrinkage dimensions correspond to those of cement concrete. Polyester resins are cheaper than epoxy resins, which are almost twice as expensive as polyester resins.

With such synthetic or cast resin concrete or mortar, properties can be achieved with a suitable composition that

809813/0874 BAD LOCAL QUALITY

those of concrete or mortar with cement as a binding agent are superior. For example, the compressive strengths of cast resin concrete are already higher after 24 hours than with cement concrete of the highest quality class after 28 days. The tensile and flexural strengths even reach three to four times as high values, in general the strengths are higher than those of the aggregates, so that in many cases the quality of the aggregate and not that of the synthetic resin for the strength of Synthetic or cast resin concrete or mortar is decisive. The advantageous property of cast resin concrete is also particularly favorable or mortar, cement-bonded concrete or brick material or the like. to adhere very well, this adhesion is greater than the structural strength of cement concrete.

The present invention overcomes these known applications of synthetic resin or cast resin concrete opened up a completely new field of application by the synthetic concrete or mortar with particularly advantageous utilization of its favorable properties at least partially as a replacement of the material previously used for reinforcement inserts *. especially of steel.

The previous reinforcement material can also be used entirely replaced by the synthetic resin concrete or mortar. In any case, the material costs are compared to the known Reinforcements significantly reduced. But also the wages is significantly reduced as all the work associated with the preparation and installation of the known rebars omitted. The cross section of the synthetic resin or cast resin

809813/0874

concrete or mortar -existing reinforcement must because of the lower tensile strength compared to steel correspondingly greater be. However, this does not cause any difficulties and has the essential advantage that the adhesive surface between a reinforcement member serving as a tension member according to the invention and the other material of the component compared to reinforcement members made of steel, in which this adhesive surface is only deirf circumference corresponds to the steel rod in question, is increased significantly. Another extremely significant benefit the reinforcement according to the invention consists in the fact that the reinforcement made of Kuristharzbeton or mortar in the Tensile zone of a component, e.g. a ceiling or a beam, which can fully absorb tensile stresses, without any cracks stays and is water-repellent. Errors in the arrangement of the reinforcement are completely avoided, so that the correct The calculated static height of a component is therefore always guaranteed. If the reinforcement according to the invention is e.g. in the form of a continuous reinforcement layer or a strip reinforcement on the outer surface of a »component, e.g. on the Is arranged under a ceiling or a beam, the static height of the component is compared to a component enlarged from reinforced concrete because the reinforcement according to the invention is not covered by cement concrete or the like. required When using the reinforcement according to the invention as a coherent reinforcement layer on the lower surface a ceiling or a beam has the particular advantage that at every point of the reinforcement with the same load the same stresses are present, while in reinforced concrete the greatest stresses and thus the greatest risk of cracking are primarily

809813/0874 - 7 ~

BATH ORIGINAL

bar below or above the individual reinforcing bars and the tensions between these reinforcing bars largely subside. If a blanket continues with one such a reinforcement layer on four sides, i.e. on four load-bearing Support walls is supported, the ceiling corresponds to a cross-reinforced reinforced concrete ceiling. But there are only two Support walls present, one corresponds on their whole The lower surface of a reinforced concrete ceiling reinforced in the tensioning direction, provided with reinforcement according to the invention, However, in addition to the reinforcement in the span direction, it is also provided with transverse reinforcement and is therefore flawless Lateral distribution of the loads is guaranteed.

In the case of a component according to the invention designed as a ceiling, for example, it was also possible to use the ceiling over its entire lower surface is provided with a uniform layer of reinforcement, no plaster is required on the underside of the ceiling, since the reinforcement layer can easily be produced completely smooth and flat in a simple manner. To increase security against destruction due to the effects of heat and fire as well as to prevent the outer reinforcement layer of a component from sticking the bottom of the mold can be a lower layer of dam plates or e.g. made of asbestos concrete panels are placed on the bottom of the mold, e.g. on the formwork. '

A component according to the invention can, for example in the case of a ceiling, not only on the underside, but also e.g. negative support moment also at the top with an upper reinforcement layer made of synthetic resin- bww. Cast resin concrete ; or mortar. If such an upper reinforcement _

■. ' BAD ORIGINAL

$ 9813/0874

layer, which can be made thin if necessary, extends over the entire ceiling surface, This means that there is no need for a floating screed, which is otherwise required for reasons of soundproofing. The internal damping of the synthetic or cast resin concrete or mortar is air and impact sound absorbing and acts on the Supports, into which it reaches, to prevent the spread of structure-borne noise.

Finally, the reinforcement according to the invention is composed of synthetic resin or casting resin concrete or mortar, the essential advantage is connected with the formation of, for example, that an existing reinforced concrete ceiling, the 'subsequently a higher load assumed ice original record, so _# ll, or a ceiling, the steel inserts of which have only an inadequate covering of cement-bonded concrete and are reduced in cross-section as a result of corrosion, can be reinforced in a simple manner by adding an outer layer of reinforcement and their existence can be secured. In the same way, for example, a ceiling that is made with a binding agent that is not permanently stable, for example high-alumina cement, can be secured.

The synthetic resin concrete or mortar forming the reinforcement is easy to process and can also be used if necessary in reinforcement channels one made of cement-bound concrete, e.g. also lightweight concrete, or one made of prefabricated elements Component are pressed in.

In a particularly advantageous manner, a component can also be formed as reinforced masonry according to the invention, · BADORIGIiSMVL _{80981 3/0} 874 -9

150901A

for example during its production from assembly panels and for recording horizontal forces such as wind, earth and water pressure, etc., with a vertical. Inner layer made of synthetic resin concrete reinforcement and / or for absorbing vertical loads with one or more horizontal reinforcement layers made of synthetic resin concrete or mortar can be provided.

The invention is based on the embodiments of components shown as examples in the drawing described.

In the drawing show:

Fig. 1 a part cut through a ceiling in full Cement concrete with a lower reinforcement made of Kunotharzbeton;

FIG. 2 shows a partial section through a ceiling made of hollow bodies with a lower reinforcement according to FIG

3 shows a partial section through another embodiment a hollow body ceiling;

4 to 6 different embodiments of as prefabricated Components produced according to the invention panels in a perspective view;

7 shows a partial section through a ceiling with two supports;

Fig. 8 is a partial section through a ceiling that has a middle support goes through;

809813/0874

FIG. 9 shows a cross section through an embodiment of a ceiling according to FIG. 8 in the area of the middle Support;

FIG. 1 shows a ceiling plate forming the ceiling according to FIGS. 8 and 9 in a pictorial view with the upper reinforcement layer not yet fully applied;

11 with a partial section through a hollow body ceiling reinforcement webs arranged between the hollow bodies;

12 shows a partial section through another embodiment of a hollow body ceiling with reinforcement webs;

13 shows a partial section through a ceiling made of prefabricated beams and on these superimposed intermediate bodies;

14 shows a partial section through another embodiment of a ceiling made of prefabricated beams and intermediate bodies;

15 shows a component according to the invention embodied as a window or door lintel in diagrammatic form Partial view;

16 shows another embodiment of a window lintel according to the invention in cross section;

Fig. 17 shows a construction designed as reinforced masonry part according to the invention in a diagrammatic partial view

809813/0 8 74 ORIGINAL BATHROOM - left

■ Fig 18 is a cross section through a hollow core slabs of prefabricated beam according to the invention.

19 shows another embodiment of a window or Door lintel in a diagrammatic partial view;

20 shows a partial cross-section through a modified embodiment of a ceiling made of prefabricated beams according to the invention and intermediate bodies;

FIG. 21 shows a section corresponding to FIG. 20 with another embodiment of the prefabricated beams; FIG.

22 shows another embodiment of a fall after

the invention;

23 and 24 two further embodiments of prefabricated beams according to the invention for the formation of ceilings.

The ceiling shown in Fig. 1 consists of a lower reinforcement layer 10 made of synthetic resin or cast resin concrete, for example polyester concrete and in connection with this reinforcement layer produced conventional cement concrete 1. The two types of concrete of the ceiling are due to the extraordinary high adhesion of the synthetic resin concrete 10 to the cement-bonded Concrete 1 intimately connected to one another to form a uniform support body. If necessary, a conventional reinforcement made of steel rods 2, 5, shown with dashed lines, can be embedded in the cement concrete 1. The ceiling according to Figure 1 can be made on the spot on a formwork, not shown; however, it can also be designed as a prefabricated panel, as shown in FIG. 4-, or it can be composed of such prefabricated panels. It can also consist of an already existing reinforced concrete ceiling, which is only subsequently reinforced by an outer reinforcement layer made of synthetic resin concrete. The cement concrete body 1 can also be designed as a prestressed body. The reinforcement lying in the tension zone of the ceiling 'j ■■ · ■ <y.' ■ :: ■■ [r: "? G 09813 / D87A BAD ORIGINAL _ _l2 _

can be taken as the entire lower surface of the ceiling or the slab and extending into the supports be trained. As indicated in Fig. 4-, but can Lower reinforcement can also be formed from individual parallel strips 11 made of synthetic resin or cast resin concrete, between which the cement concrete 1 can go through to the lower surface, so that the lower surfaces of the Kun tharzbetons and cement concrete lie flush. The ceiling or plate can also contain heavy concrete as cement concrete, but the cement concrete can also be common lightweight concrete.

According to FIG. 2, a ceiling similar to the ceiling according to FIG. 1 is formed from hollow bodies 17 and the lower reinforcement attached to your lower surface, which in turn can consist of a continuous, uniform reinforcement layer 1Ü or individual reinforcement strips 11. The hollow bodies can consist of so-called ätegzementdielen 17 and in the I ⁷ ig. 5 can be assembled to form the ceiling or a ceiling plate 18 as can be seen. They are connected to one another by mortar bars, which are formed by pouring cement mortar, and can themselves be provided with their own reinforcement 4-made of steel. Instead of such oteg cement floorboards, standardized hollow brick bodies 14 or other types of hollow bodies can also be arranged, as can be seen from FIG. With such a brick hollow bodies 14 the ceiling can be manufactured in a mold by. ■■■ first reinforcement layer 10 is applied to the formwork or mold bottom and then ¹ placed the hollow body on this resin layer of concrete and cast ''. In both '

BADORIG WHALE - 13 -

809813/0874

Cases can be the mortar webs 13 instead of pouring Cement mortar also formed by pouring synthetic resin mortar will. A prefabricated panel 19 consisting of “hollow brick bodies 14 and a lower continuous synthetic resin layer Io is shown in FIG. 6. In the case of existing ceilings, the synthetic resin reinforcement is carried out by throwing, gate locking, Filling or similar brought under the ceiling surface.

According to Fig. 7 goes with ceilings or panels with the Reinforcement according to the invention, the lower synthetic resin concrete reinforcement 10 or 11 up to the support on the span 1 through.

A ceiling or ceiling plate corresponding to FIGS. 1 to 7 can also be designed according to FIG There is synthetic resin concrete and can be formed in the same way as the lower reinforcement 10, 11. The upper reinforcement is therefore also designated by 10 and 11, respectively. Outside of the greatest negative supporting moments, the layer of synthetic resin concrete can also be drawn to a lesser thickness 12 over the remaining part of the surface of the plate. The ceiling is then also able to absorb negative field moments. Such a continuous ceiling, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, can preferably be formed from vertically perforated bricks 16, in whose perforations the synthetic resin concrete reinforcement, which in this case is a closed layer 10, engages with good interlocking. In Pig. IO

BATH ORIGINAL

809813/0874

a component formed in this way as a prefabricated plate is shown in a state that the upper thin reinforcement layer 12 already contains, but in which the upper, thicker reinforcement layer 1Ü in the immediate support area is not yet is upset.

In the embodiment of a ceiling according to FIG. 11, instead of on the underside of the ceiling inside the ceiling, the reinforcement is formed solely by pouring the joints or spaces between the hollow bodies 30 with synthetic resin concrete or mortar. The resulting reinforcement webs 31 can be widened in the area of the tension zone of the ceiling to form a sufficient reinforcement cross-section at 32, for which purpose the hollow bodies, for example made of standardized ceiling tiles, are provided with corresponding recesses. To form a continuous pressure zone, the hollow bodies can be provided with transverse recesses on one upper face to form so-called partially mortar-able butt joints, which, as indicated in the right-hand part of FIG. 11, are filled with in-situ concrete or mortar 33. If these ceilings are not to be considered as steel stone ceilings, but rather as ribbed ceilings, in the mortared butt joints 33 they are additionally given a transverse reinforcement made of steel 33a. In both cases, the ceiling tiles must be statically active, ie designed in such a way and have such a strength that they participate in the transmission of pressure and thrust forces. , *

In the context of the invention, a hollow body ceiling can also be formed M as shown in FIG. 12, without the hollow body -

- 15 '- » BATH ORIGINAL

809813/0874

are statically involved. "For this purpose, the hollow bodies 34 designed so that they are provided on both upper longitudinal edges with recesses 35 through which when Pour the joints between the hollow bodies with synthetic resin concrete or mortar, the webs 31 an upper pressure flange 36 received. Pig's blanket. 12 poses on this Way represents a beam ceiling, the beams 37 only through the hollow body 34 on the construction site after the laying out a shuttering or shuttering strips taking place pouring the Joints left between the hollow bodies are formed as a kind of reinforcement of the ceiling with synthetic resin concrete. the Ceilings according to FIGS. 11 and 12 can also be prefabricated as ceiling panels in the factory.

In Figs. 13 and 14 is another possibility for Formation of ceilings illustrated using the invention. According to FIG. 13, these are prefabricated in a manufacturing plant Beams 20 placed transversely from one another on the ceiling support and on the lower flange edges of the beams Hollow stones 26 superimposed as an intermediate body with their support lugs. The prefabricated beams 20 have an approximately opposite T-shaped cross-section with a lower flange 23, which in seine.unteren hold, which corresponds to the tension strap, a has the synthetic resin concrete existing continuous layer 22 as a reinforcement layer. The space 28 between the The web 29 of the beams 20 and the stones or hollow bodies 26 can be filled with cement mortar, but also with synthetic resin mortar j will. The ceilings according to Fig. I3 and 14 are without formwork manufacturable. As can be seen from Fig. 14, instead of the

. BAD ORIGINAL O;: \ 3

- 16 -

809813/0874

15090U

Bar 20 also bar 21 can be used, which only consists of a lower, rectangular in cross-section and lying flat Flange 24 made of synthetic resin or cast resin concrete and brackets or lattice-like elements used in these during prefabrication The bar consists of round steel, flat steel or perforated sheet metal or similar. The hollow bodies 26 can have one of the design 13 have a different cross-sectional shape and e.g. also consist of standardized ceiling tiles that are statically involved.

In'Fig. 20 shown prefabricated beams 38 are used. These are composed in a manner known per se from beam stones 39 »4-0 of the cross-sectional shape shown or a similar one, which are each provided with lateral flanges 4-1. These lateral flanges serve on the one hand to support the hollow or intermediate bodies 26 and on the other hand to form reinforcement channels that are open at the top. In these channels, however, in contrast to known ceilings of this type, no conventional steel reinforcement is arranged in a bed of cement mortar, but a filling 4-2 consisting of synthetic resin concrete or mortar, which replaces the usual reinforcement. Such a filling can also be arranged in the pressure zone of the beams as a tranaport reinforcement 4-3. Bars shown on the left in Fig. 20 having a smaller height have as the intermediate blocks 26, arising when pouring the ceiling, that is, the spaces between the beams 3β and the intermediate blocks 26 with cement mortar or -concrete strong concrete parts 44 shaped above-about cross-section ,

ORIGINAL BATHROOM -, - 17 - ·

8098t3 / 0874

whose overlying webs 45 in the area of the prefabricated beams form required pressure zone. In the area of the intermediate stones 26, this pressure zone is set with the upper part 46 of the statically cooperating intermediate stones 26 continue, which bkeannt as per se, on one of their end faces in the upper part with a Transverse recess are provided, which when filling with in-situ mortar in the same way as in connection with FIG. 11 is described, lead to the formation of suitable for partially groutable butt joints pressure transfer strips 33, cf. the filled-in indicated by dashed lines in FIG.

In the case of the cross-sectional shape shown on the right in FIG the prefabricated bars, these are just as high as the Zv / ischenroteins 26 trained. When the ceiling is poured out, rectangular fillings 47 that are separate from one another are created the upper reinforcement layer 43 'is wider and results in the Web of the intermediate stones, the filling 47 and the upper parts 46 of the intermediate stones in turn a contiguous Pressure zone within which the various building materials are intimately connected to one another due to their adhesive properties. Additionally can with all such ceilings still teeth of any kind between the grout and the prefabricated beams as well as the Intermediate stones are arranged, which can be used to transfer the pressure and shear forces.

Another way to design prefabricated beams according to the invention and for the production of corresponding blankets is shown in FIG. Here is the prefabricated beam from a bar 48 provided with upper recesses 49 and having an overall rectangular cross-section made of heavy concrete,

BATHROOM ORIQiNAL * - 18 -

809813/0874

- '18 -

Lightweight concrete or from individual shaped pieces placed next to one another, for example bricks, and reinforcement members $ 0 made of synthetic or cast resin concrete or mortar filled into the recesses 49. The space above these prefabricated beams is filled with in-situ concrete or mortar 51 when the ceiling is produced. "

18, 23 and 24 are further embodiments of Ready-made beams according to the invention shown. According to Fig. 18, for example, bar cement 52 or correspondingly shaped individual af'orm stones be provided with lower reinforcement grooves 53, which are open at the bottom and filled with synthetic resin concrete or mortar to form the lower reinforcement members 5 ^ are.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 23 and 24 are the Prefabricated sharks composed of individual shaped stones 55 »56, those made from cementitious concrete of any kind or brick material can be produced and as from the comparison of FIG. 23 and 2 · '+ can be seen, can have different cross-sectional shapes. What these beams or stones have in common is that they zux 'inclusion of reinforcement members made of synthetic resin concrete or mortar contain channels that are involved in the formation of Ceilings made of such beams lie within the ceiling or at all within the stones. According to FIG Recesses on the lower stone edges reinforcement members 57 formed, although on the side surfaces of the beams are exposed, but when making the ceiling through the mortar grouting 58 are covered. In addition, the

- 19 -BAD ORIGINAL 809813/0874

Beams can be provided with a reinforcement member 59 serving as transport reinforcement, which is also expediently made of synthetic resin concrete or mortar. In the Ausfünrungsfürm-of Fig. 24 all lie in the reinforcement channels Fertignalken and form when filling with Kunr.t.harzmörtel which can be zh pressed into the channels on all sides by the material of the stone surrounded reinforcement members 60.

In Figs. 15, 16, 19 and 22 there are different possibilities shown for the production of window or door lintels according to the invention. According to Fig. 15 is such a lintel beam made of vertically perforated bricks 61 and a vertical reinforcement layer 62 made of synthetic resin concrete arranged between them or mortar formed. So that a good interlocking between the brick material and the synthetic resin concrete is achieved, normal vertically perforated bricks are divided lengthways in the middle in a plane going through a row of holes, so that two Rows 68 are formed from half-stones, between which the reinforcement layer 62 made of synthetic resin or cast resin concrete is arranged is.

According to Fig. 16 is a lintel made of two prefabricated beams

72 and 73 formed in a manner similar to the lintel beam

according to Fig. 15 with vertical intermediate layers 62 made of Kunstbzw. Cast resin concrete are provided.

The prefabricated beam 64 according to FIG. 19 also exists made of vertically perforated bricks 65 »which have a horizontally running longitudinal channel 63 on the undersurface and on one or both end faces have vertical transverse grooves 63 'that are continuous at stone level. Both channels 63 and 63 'are made of synthetic resin

BATH ORIGINAL ~ ^

809813/0874

concrete completely filled. The stones are designed for this purpose in the reverse position so that when pouring the at the production upwardly open longitudinal grooves 63 also the same the vertical transverse grooves 63 'are filled. After this The beam will harden the synthetic resin concrete for its: Transport and installation in the position shown in FIG. 19 brought.

The fall shown in Fig. 22 consists of an im

approximately/

Cross-section li-shaped plank 66, which is made of synthetic or plastic. Cast resin concrete eder mortar formed reinforcement member and filled with the masonry above Lintel forms.

Finally, in Fig. 17 is an example of formation shown by reinforced masonry with the reinforcement according to the invention. In this embodiment of the reinforced masonry 69 is this to absorb horizontal forces, e.g. from wind, earth or water pressure, with a vertical one Reinforcement layer 70 provided from synthetic resin mortar. In this way, loads acting vertically can also be absorbed and e.g. Independent lintel beams formed over openings or statically active masonry in the pressure zone of lintels whose tensile zone consists of prefabricated parts, as shown in FIG. 16. By arranging a vertical Reinforcement layer 70 is given a substantial masonry Increase in flexural and shear strength, especially when the contact surfaces of the stones are designed in such a way that that enables the synthetic resin concrete to interlock with the stones will. The masonry can also be used to support loads

- 21 ORIGINAL BATHROOM

809813/0874

with one or more horizontal reinforcement layers? 1 of the same type that are also provided in addition to one or more vertical reinforcement layers 7ü arranged could be. In addition, the masonry consists of vertically perforated bricks, especially those with the vertical Reinforcement layer 7u also combined to form prefabricated wall panels could be.

With such plates or panels, as with all of them precast elements made using concrete or mortar Synthetic mortar can also be used instead of cement mortar can be used to connect the ülinzelelemente.

From the above description follows that the resin concrete mortar existing or reinforcement according to the invention with the various shaping within the components and / or for forming a through ^{r /} .ugzone or from two opposite tension zones in the bz ■ .. ' . the corresponding outer surfaces of the components can be arranged. The train cross-section can be circular or as a horizontal '; or standing üval or pike-corner or with another shape adapted to the purpose. The joints between construction elements, for example hollow bodies used to produce ceilings, can also be kept very narrow when shear forces are to be absorbed because the synthetic resin or cast resin concrete or mortar has far higher i'ef.tigkeit than Conventional concrete and because there are no reinforcement bars made of steel in the mortar.

- 22 BAD ORiGtNAL

809813/0874

are in bed. A reinforcement layer made of synthetic resin concrete can may also be used to form a pressure zone above the line, as shown in the example of Fig. 12 is shown. Instead of connected layers of reinforcement reinforcement members can be in the form of individual strips or with cross-sections are used, which are created by longitudinal grooves, grooves, cavities or perforations of molded stone, filler bodies can be determined from concrete, lightweight concrete or brick. The grooves and grooves can be down and / or up or be open to the side, while the cavities on all sides from the shaped stone or the like. can be enclosed channels.

BATH ORIGINAL 809813/0874

Claims (1)

Claims ί 1. jReinforced component made of cement concrete or similar Material and / or prefabricated structural elements, characterized in that that its reinforcement is at least partly made of artificial or Cast resin concrete or mortar is made. 2. Component according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcement made of synthetic or cast resin concrete or mortar is arranged at least on one of the outer surfaces of the component. 3. Component according to claim 2, characterized in that the reinforcement made of synthetic or ^{cast resin concrete or mortar is arranged in Ii 1} OMi of at least one outer surface of the component completely covering reinforcement layer (10). 4-, component according to claim 2, characterized in that the reinforcement made of synthetic or cast resin concrete or mortar in the form of spaced apart parallel to the span direction extending strip (11) is arranged. 5. Component according to claim 2, characterized in that that the reinforcement is made of synthetic or cast resin concrete or mortar in the form of a single strip (63) arranged at a distance from the hands of the component (Vi g. 19). 6. Component according to claim 4- or 5> characterized ze iclinet that the reinforcement strip or strips (C ^, 3J) with the The outer surface of the component is flush. 809813/0874 7. Component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it consists of the synthetic or cast resin concrete or mortar (formed reinforcement (10, 11) and solid cement concrete (1). 8. Component according to claim 7, characterized in that the cement concrete (l) is formed by lightweight concrete. 9. Component according to claim 8, in particular in the form of a ceiling, characterized in that the cement-lightweight concrete is also provided with reinforcement (10, 11) forming the pressure zone. 10. Component according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized marked that it is additionally equipped with reinforcement members (4,5) of the usual type, e.g. made of ._> tahl. 11. Component according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it consists of the synthetic or cast resin concrete reinforcement formed or mortar (, 10,11) and hollow prefabricated elements (14,17) juxtaposed to form joints consists, which are arranged in the joints riörtelstege (13) and the reinforcement (10,11) are connected to one another. 12. Component according to claim 11, characterized in that the mortar webs (I3) by filling the joints formed between the hollow prefabricated elements (14, 17) with cement mortar are formed. 13. Component according to claim 11, characterized in that the Mörteistege (13) by pouring out the between the hollow Prefabricated elements (14, 17) formed x'ugen are formed with synthetic or cast resin concrete or mortar. 8098 13 / 087A - 25- 14. Component according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that an additional reinforcement (4, 4, 5) made of steel is arranged in the Körtelstegen ^ 13). . .component according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized characterized in that the hollow prefabricated elements are made of web cement boards (1?) Are formed. 16. Component according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the hollow Pertigelemente by hollow bricks (14), preferably hollow bricks, are formed. 17. Component according to claim 16 with prefabricated elements consisting of hollow bricks, characterized in that the Hollow bricks are formed by vertically perforated bricks (16) and the component except in the lower tensile zone also in the Pressure zone or upper tension zone with a closed reinforcement layer (10) made of synthetic or cast resin concrete or - mortar is provided (Fig. 9 and 10). 18. Component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is as on a formwork or ceiling made of formwork strips is also formed, the tensile zone of which is formed by the reinforcement (10, 11) made of synthetic or Cast resin concrete or mortar is formed. 19. Component according to claim 18 in the form of a continuous ceiling, characterized in that an upper reinforcement (10, 11) made of synthetic or synthetic material in the area of the negative column moments. Cast resin concrete or mortar is arranged. - 26 809813/0874 20. Component according to claim 18, characterized by its design as a ceiling plate supported on four sides, in which the lower surface of the ceiling into the supports through the coherent reinforcement layer (IU) made of synthetic or cast resin concrete or mortar is covered (Fig. 9 and lu). 21. Component according to one of claims 1 to 17 »characterized in that it is designed as a prefabricated component. 22. Component according to claim 21, characterized in that that it is designed as a prefabricated plate (18). 23 Component according to Claim 21, characterized in that that it is designed as a prefabricated beam (20,21). 24 ·. Component according to Claim 23, characterized in that the prefabricated beam (20) has an inverted T-shaped cross-sectional configuration and the reinforcement made of synthetic or cast resin concrete or mortar as at least the reinforcement layer (22) forming the lower part of the beam flange (23). 25 component according to claim 23, characterized in that that the prefabricated beam (21) consists only of a flange (24) which is preferably rectangular in cross section and is lying flat Synthetic or cast resin concrete or mortar and brackets (25) made of steel in these. 26. Component according to claim 23, characterized in that the prefabricated beam in particular for its use as Lintel girders (64) made of vertically perforated bricks (65) and a lower reinforcement strip (63) designed according to claim 2 - 27 809813/0874 is composed (Figl 19) 27. Component according to claim 23 »characterized in that that the prefabricated beam made of web cement planks (52) and by filling in reinforcement grooves open at the bottom (53) reinforcement members (54) formed with synthetic or cast resin concrete or mortar (FIG. 18). 28, component according to claim 23, characterized in that dass.der prefabricated beam has an inverted T-shaped cross-sectional design and in its side flanges (41) is provided with reinforcement channels open at the top, in which the reinforcement made of synthetic or cast resin concrete or mortar in Shape of the reinforcement channels completely filling the individual links (42) is cast (Fig. 29. Component according to claim 28, characterized in that the prefabricated beam (38) at the upper edge of its web with a as transport reinforcement serving reinforcement member (43) made of synthetic or cast resin concrete or mortar is provided. 30. Component according to claim 28, characterized in that that the prefabricated beam (38) at the upper edge of its web with a reinforcement member for absorbing negative moments (43 ') is provided. 31. Component according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcement made of synthetic or cast resin concrete or mortar is arranged inside the component. 32. Component according to claim 3I »characterized in that it is designed in the form of a ceiling made of hollow bodies (30,34) • '_ - 28 - 809813/0874 ) - 28 - is, between which the reinforcement made of synthetic or cast resin concrete or mortar is arranged in the form of reinforcement webs (31) (Figures 11 and 12). 33. Component according to claim 32, characterized in that that the Isewehrungsstege (31) in the tension zone of the ceiling with Widenings (32) are provided. 34-, component according to claim 32 or 33 »characterized in that that the reinforcement webs (31 ^ up to the edge of the Go through the hollow body (34-) and at the top end with a wide splash (36) are provided. 35 · Component according to claim 311 characterized by * that it is designed as a prefabricated beam. 36. Component according to claim 35 »characterized in that that the prefabricated beam is a plank (48) made of heavy or lightweight concrete or of lined-up shaped stones with upper recesses (49) in which the reinforcement made of synthetic or cast resin concrete or mortar in the form of individual limbs (50) which are arranged parallel to one another and are exposed at the top (FIG. 21). 37. Component according to claim 35 »characterized in that the prefabricated beam is composed of hollow bricks (35) provided with lateral longitudinal grooves, in whose longitudinal grooves the reinforcement consisting of synthetic or cast resin concrete or mortar in the form of laterally exposed individual members (57) is arranged (Fig. 23). - 29 - 809813/087 38. Component according to claim 37 »characterized in that the ready-made beam has an upper transport reinforcement (59 from Kuriyb or (iießharzbeton or -mortel is negative. 39. Component according to claim 35, characterized in that the finished beam is composed of hollow bricks (56) which are provided in the tensile zone and optionally in the pressure zone with channels completely enclosed at the sides by the material of the hollow bricks, in which the synthetic or cast resin concrete or mortar is arranged in the form of individual members (6U) that completely fill the channels (ii'ig. 2M-), 4-0. Component according to claim 35> characterized in that the prefabricated beam is made from heavy or lightweight concrete or from lined up shaped stones formed, in cross section approximately U-shaped board (66), between the legs and web the reinforcement made of synthetic or cast resin concrete or mortar arranged in the form of a bevelling member (67) which completely fills the floorboard and is approximately rectangular in cross-section is (Fig. 22). 4-1 component according to claim 35 »characterized in that the prefabricated beam, especially for its use as a door or window lintel, made up of two or more spaced apart arranged rows of individual elements (68) composed of cement concrete or brick material, between which the Reinforcement made of synthetic or cast resin concrete or mortar in the form of the spaces between the rows from below is arranged up to filling layers (62) at the top (Fig. 15 and 16). - 30 - 809813/0874 - 3υ - 42. Construction ax according to claim 4-1, characterized in that that the rows are formed from individual elements of vertically perforated bricks, preferably half perforated bricks (61). 43 Component according to Claim 1, characterized in that that it is designed as reinforced masonry (69) in which the reinforcement made of synthetic or cast resin concrete or mortar is arranged in i'Orm a vertical and / or horizontal intermediate layer (7ü,? l). 44. Component according to claim 3, characterized in that it is formed from an existing component, e.g. a ceiling, which is made of synthetic or cast resin concrete or mortar existing outer reinforcement layer is reinforced or repaired. 45. Component according to one of claims 1 to 3U, characterized characterized in that the reinforcement made of synthetic or cast resin concrete with a fire-retardant or fire-resistant layer or panel, e.g. made of asbestos concrete or bulkhead, is clad. 46. A method for producing components according to one of Claims 1 to 26, in particular a ceiling, thereby characterized in that the reinforcement to be formed from cast resin concrete or mortar is in the amount required to absorb the tensile stresses Thickness is poured onto a formwork or other mold base and spread, and then the upper one Part of the ceiling made of cement-bonded concrete, reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete, lightweight concrete, brick material or the like. or from pre - 31 809813/0874 -51- I. finished parts of these building materials is applied up to the final static height. 47. The method according to claim 46 for producing components with upper reinforcement or of prefabricated components, characterized in that the cement-bound concrete, Reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete, lightweight concrete brick material or the like. or consisting of prefabricated parts of these building materials Part of the component is made on formwork or a molded base and then made of cast concrete or mortar on it Reinforcement to be formed applied, e.g. infused and spread out ,will. 48. A method for producing components according to any one of claims 52 to 35 »characterized in that the Hollow body of the component on formwork or a mold base in the position required to form the component are laid out leaving intermediate joints and then the reinforcement made of synthetic or cast resin concrete in the intermediate joints is introduced, e.g. poured in. 49. A method for producing components according to one of claims 4 to 6, 26 to Ju, J> 6 to 38 and 40, characterized in that the prefabricated parts used to form the component are designed with the reinforcement channels facing ^{upwards on an x <l shaped base} and then the reinforcement members made of cast resin concrete or mortar are poured into the reinforcement channels. - 32 - 809813/0874 50. Method for manufacturing a component according to Claim 39, e.g. a ceiling or a tunnel or gallery lining made of prefabricated parts, characterized in that that the prefabricated parts are lined up with the reinforcement channels open, if necessary by mortar or in connected to each other in another way and then by pressing in cast resin beds or mortar with a continuous Reinforcement are provided. 51. A method for producing reinforced masonry according to claim 43, characterized in that the masonry produced in the usual way with the formation of two transversely spaced wall shells and then the Space between the wall shells to form the vertical intermediate reinforcement layer with cast resin concrete or - mortar is filled in from above. 52. Method of making reinforced masonry Prefabricated assembly panels formed according to claim 43, characterized in that first the one shell of the mounting board Lying on the bottom of the mold, then on this shell to form the reinforcement between the cast resin concrete layer »The mortar poured on and finally in the still fresh reinforcement layer the stones for the formation of the second The shell of the mounting board. 53. Process for the manufacture of cast resin concrete or mortar existing reinforcements for components according to one of claims 1 to 43, characterized in that the cast resin concrete or -aörtel when applying or introducing e.g. by means of Vibrators is compressed. - 33 '- 809813 / 087A 54. Method of manufacturing a component according to Claim 44, characterized in that the reinforcement layer of cast resin concrete or mortar is applied to the reinforcement layer or surface to be repaired thrown up, sprayed on or filled with a spatula and, if necessary, using a teaching is deducted. 809813/0874