DE1508003C3 - Process for the processing of waste, especially household waste - Google Patents

Process for the processing of waste, especially household waste

Info

Publication number
DE1508003C3
DE1508003C3 DE19661508003 DE1508003A DE1508003C3 DE 1508003 C3 DE1508003 C3 DE 1508003C3 DE 19661508003 DE19661508003 DE 19661508003 DE 1508003 A DE1508003 A DE 1508003A DE 1508003 C3 DE1508003 C3 DE 1508003C3
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
waste
processing
garbage
carbon
electricity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DE19661508003
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE1508003A1 (en
DE1508003B2 (en
Inventor
Ferdinand Dipl.-Ing. Dr. 6374 Steinbach Fink
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of DE1508003A1 publication Critical patent/DE1508003A1/en
Publication of DE1508003B2 publication Critical patent/DE1508003B2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE1508003C3 publication Critical patent/DE1508003C3/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
    • C10B49/14—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot liquids, e.g. molten metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/06—Continuous processes
    • C10J3/08—Continuous processes with ash-removal in liquid state
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/725—Redox processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1671—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with the production of electricity
    • C10J2300/1675—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with the production of electricity making use of a steam turbine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1861—Heat exchange between at least two process streams
    • C10J2300/1884—Heat exchange between at least two process streams with one stream being synthesis gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1861—Heat exchange between at least two process streams
    • C10J2300/1892—Heat exchange between at least two process streams with one stream being water/steam
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Description

Das ideale Ziel einer Müll- oder Abfallbeseitigung wäre eine Aufarbeitung ohne nennenswerte Rückstände. Bei der heutigen Technik der Müllverbrennung fallen jedoch alle unverbrennbaren Bestandteile des Mülls als Rückstand an. Obwohl diese Schlacke die Feuerung durchwandert hat, ist sie keineswegs vollständig versintert. Daher darf sie nur unter Beachtung besonderer Sicherheitsmaßnahmen abgelagert werden, denn sie enthält noch wasserlösliche Bestandteile, welche das Grundwasser verderben können. Es fehlt nicht an Vorschlägen, diese Schlacke zu schmelzen oder zu sintern und somit einen durch Wasser nicht auslaugbaren Baustoff zu erzeugen.The ideal goal of garbage or waste disposal would be processing without significant residues. With today's technology of waste incineration, however, all incombustible components are eliminated of the garbage as residue. Although this slag has passed through the furnace, it is by no means completely sintered. Therefore it may only be deposited under observation of special safety measures because it still contains water-soluble components that can spoil the groundwater. It There is no lack of proposals to melt or sinter this slag and thus one through water to produce non-leachable building material.

Dieses Schmelzen oder Sintern müßte aber nachträglich in einer weiteren Verfahrensstufe geschehen, welches die Kosten der ohnehin nicht kostendeckenden Müllbeseitigung in einem solchen Maß erhöhen würde, daß der erzeugte Schlackenbaustoff wirtschaftlich uninteressant wäre.This melting or sintering would have to take place afterwards in a further process stage, which increase the costs of garbage disposal, which in any case does not cover costs, to such an extent that the slag building material produced would be economical would be uninteresting.

In Erkenntnis dieser Tatsachen beschreitet diese Erfindung einen für die Müllbeseitigung neuen Weg, indem sie ein Verfahren zur Aufarbeitung von Müll, insbesondere Hausmüll, vorsieht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Müll in Abhängigkeit vom eigenen Kohlenstoffgehalt gegebenenfalls unter Zugabe von zusätzlicher Reduktionskohle einem heißen Lichtbogenofen zugeführt wird, um die Anteile an Metalloxiden zu Ferrometall zu reduzieren und die organischen Bestandteile zu vergasen.In recognition of these facts, this invention breaks new ground for waste disposal, by providing a method for processing waste, in particular household waste, characterized in that, that the garbage, depending on its own carbon content, optionally with the addition of additional reducing carbon is fed to a hot arc furnace to reduce the amount of metal oxides to reduce ferrous metal and to gasify the organic constituents.

Die anorganischen Oxide im Müll sind hauptsächlich die des Eisens, des Siliziums, des Aluminiums und des Kalziums. Durch Reduktion entsteht ein Ferrometall, nämlich ein Gemisch aus Eisen, Silizium, Aluminium und Kalzium. Als Nebenerzeugnis wird hierbei Kohlenmonoxid erhalten.The inorganic oxides in garbage are mainly those of iron, silicon and aluminum and calcium. A ferrometal is created through reduction, namely a mixture of iron, silicon, Aluminum and calcium. Carbon monoxide is obtained as a by-product.

Neben ausreichender Temperatur und Wärmemenge ist zur Reduktion Kohlenstoff notwendig.In addition to sufficient temperature and amount of heat, carbon is necessary for the reduction.

. 5 Zwar ist im brennbaren Anteil des Mülls Kohlenstoff. 5 It is true that there is carbon in the combustible portion of waste

■ enthalten, doch ist dieser chemisch an Wasser, unter anderem in den Kohlehydraten, gebunden. Bei der Erhitzung des Mülls wird dieser Kohlenstoff praktisch vergasen und kann deshalb nicht vollständig zur Reduktion der Schlacke genutzt werden.■ Contains, but this is chemically bound to water, among other things in the carbohydrates. In the Heating the garbage will practically gasify this carbon and therefore cannot fully reduce it the slag can be used.

Erfindungsgemäß ist deshalb vorgesehen, daß mit dem Müll gegebenenfalls auch Kohle dem Ofen zugeführt wird, um eine vollständige Reduktion zu erzielen. According to the invention it is therefore provided that coal may also be fed to the furnace with the garbage to achieve a complete reduction.

Neben dem Kohlenmonoxid aus der Reduktion der Schlacke entsteht auch Gas, dadurch daß die brennbaren Anteile des Mülls vergasen. Bei den hohen Temperaturen entstehen aus letzterem Kohlenmonoxid und Wasserstoff. Reste von Wasserdampf und Kohlensäure sind vorhanden.In addition to the carbon monoxide from the reduction of the slag, gas is also produced, as a result of the fact that the gasify combustible parts of the garbage. At the high temperatures, carbon monoxide is produced from the latter and hydrogen. There are residues of steam and carbon dioxide.

Vorteilhaft ist es, dieses Ofengas abzusaugen und zu reinigen. Niedergeschlagener Staub und/oder Schlamm werden mit Vorteil dem Ofen wieder zugeführt und in diesem reduziert.It is advantageous to suck off this furnace gas and to clean it. Deposited dust and / or Sludge is advantageously fed back into the furnace and reduced in it.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Aufarbeitung des Mülls erhält man mithin als Endprodukte Ferrometall und brennbare Gase. Das Ferrometall ist z. B. als metallothermischer Brennstoff, in Stahlwerken als Desoxidationsmittel od. dgl., verwendbar. Das gereinigte Gas kann dem Stadtgas beigemischt werden. Ebenso kann es zur Dampf- und Stromerzeugung in Kesseln und Dampfturbinen verfeuert werden.When the refuse is worked up according to the invention, ferrometal and ferrous metal are obtained as end products flammable gases. The ferrous metal is z. B. as a metallothermal fuel, in steelworks as a deoxidizer or the like, usable. The cleaned gas can be mixed with the town gas. Likewise can it can be burned to generate steam and electricity in boilers and steam turbines.

Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Müllhütte über einen. ausreichenden Gasspeicher verfügt. Dann kann die Strom- und Heizdampferzeugung mit Gasturbinen und Abhitzekesseln in die Zeit des höchsten Strom- und Heizungsbedarfes verlegt werden. Die Spitzen bei-. der decken sich und befinden sich in den Tagesstunden. Die elektrischen Reduktionsofen lassen sich aber bis auf 10 % ihrer Nennleistung drosseln. Somit ist es . möglich, teuren Tagstrom zu sparen und die Müllaufarbeitung in die Nacht zu verlegen, wenn der Strom billig und im Überschuß vorhanden ist. Dieser Stromverbrauch während des größten Stromangebots und die Strom- und Heizdampferzeugung während der größten Nachfrage machen dieses Verfahren neben der rückstandslosen Müllaufarbeitung auch wirtschaftlich weitaus interessanter als die bekannten Verfahren der Müllverbrennung.It is advantageous if the garbage can has one. has sufficient gas storage. Then the Electricity and heating steam generation with gas turbines and waste heat boilers in the time of the highest electricity and heating needs. The tips at-. they cover each other and are in the daytime hours. The electric reduction furnaces can, however, be throttled down to 10% of their nominal output. So it is . possible to save expensive daytime electricity and to postpone waste processing to the night when the electricity runs out is cheap and available in excess. This electricity consumption during the largest electricity supply and the electricity and heating steam generation during the greatest demand make this process alongside the residue-free waste processing is also far more interesting from an economic point of view than the known processes incineration.

Claims (1)

Patentanspruch:Claim: Verfahren zur Aufarbeitung von Müll, insbesondere Hausmüll, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Müll in Abhängigkeit vom eigenen Kohlenstoffgehalt gegebenenfalls unter Zugabe von zusätzlicher Reduktionskohle einem heißen Lichtbogenofen zugeführt wird, um die Anteile an Metalloxiden zu Ferrometall zu reduzieren und die organischen Bestandteile zu vergasen. Method for processing waste, in particular household waste, characterized in that that the garbage, depending on its own carbon content, may be under Addition of additional reducing carbon to a hot arc furnace is fed to the To reduce the proportion of metal oxides to ferrous metal and to gasify the organic components.
DE19661508003 1966-08-06 1966-08-06 Process for the processing of waste, especially household waste Expired DE1508003C3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEB0088378 1966-08-06

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1508003A1 DE1508003A1 (en) 1969-10-23
DE1508003B2 DE1508003B2 (en) 1972-09-07
DE1508003C3 true DE1508003C3 (en) 1974-01-03

Family

ID=6984267

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE19661508003 Expired DE1508003C3 (en) 1966-08-06 1966-08-06 Process for the processing of waste, especially household waste

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DE (1) DE1508003C3 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2241435A1 (en) * 1972-08-23 1974-03-07 Giulini Gmbh Geb METHOD AND DEVICE FOR RECYCLING RUBBER AND OTHER COMBUSTIBLE WASTE MATERIALS
NO881415L (en) * 1988-03-29 1989-10-02 Elkem Technology TREATMENT OF DUST AND ASH FROM COMBUSTION PLANT BY COPROCESSING WITH SPECIAL WASTE AND / OR METAL SCRAP.
CH683676A5 (en) * 1992-05-12 1994-04-29 Holderbank Financ Glarus A method for treating waste incineration residues to a sustainable and usable for building product.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1508003A1 (en) 1969-10-23
DE1508003B2 (en) 1972-09-07

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C3 Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication)
E77 Valid patent as to the heymanns-index 1977
EHJ Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee