DE1503640A1 - Turbo compressor unit - Google Patents

Description

Patent attorney Dipl.-Ing. A. SPREE K Göttingen, Groner Str. 37

Telephon 59923 · Postal checking account: Cologne 86838 · Bank account: Kreissparkasse Göttingen 5254 Private: Kleperweg 6 Phone 59923

Patent attorney

Phys. Dr. Waither 3unius

3 Hanover, Abbestr. 20th

Goettingen, April 1, 1964

My file: 96o7 3 / Z

Ing.Miroslav Y-lasäk Ö.So.- Praha 6, Ha Krutnici (CöSR)

"Turbo compressor unit"

Turbocompressors are used to compress larger amounts of air or various gases in chemical, metallurgical and other operations, or more common are turbocompressors of radial design, where the air is compressed during compression is cooled in coolers, which are usually provided on the side of the compressor housing outside the compressor. the Compression is divided into several sections, each of which consists of one or more radial stages. At the end In each section, the gas is fed into the cooler, which is arranged outside the actual compressor, where it is cooled

co and from where the cooled gas is returned to, the following occurs

is fed to the section. By cooling, the com-

^ j pre3sion of an isothermal compression, whereby the for the ο The energy required by the compressor is reduced.

Lately come to those mentioned radial turbo compressors also iocialturbokompcessoren for approval, except where it is lower -Brück, oils have the advantage over the! Radialkompreuüoren the one advantage of a higher efficiency, di _f a lower eri'ordefliche-n LeiatungisrwerbrauoheB and FER

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ner the advantage of smaller dimensions and lower weight. However, as soon as the pressure conditions are higher, for example, around the 6 to 8: 1 compaction required in chemistry and mines Axial compressors are more difficult to use, because the quantities usually required are more compressed Air the blade lengths of the last stages very small, which means a reduction in efficiency. In addition, with axial compressors in a single-body version, in contrast to radial compressors do not make good use of the external cooling. Downsized as a result of the two circumstances mentioned The difference increases when the pressure ratios are increased between the power required to operate a refrigerated radial compressor and the power required for operation an uncooled axial compressor, this difference may disappear completely. The axial compressor has then only the advantage of small dimensions and lower weight.

A common disadvantage of the radial compressor and the usual design of the secondary compressor, which are driven by an electric motor, is the need to switch on a gear ratio between the electric motor and the compressor, since the compressor of the usual design usually requires a higher speed than the electric motor can deliver. As a result, the power required to drive the compressor is increased by the losses of the reduction gear, which is coa 3fo of the power transmitted.

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The disadvantages of the existing. Solutions to difficulties the use of axial compressors for higher pressure ratios, Limited efficiency in the case of a purely radial design and in the case of a single-body axial design, the relatively high weight of the turbo compressors and in one Number of cases also the need to use a transmission gear for the whole for compression required power are eliminated by the new inventive solution of the turbo compressor unit. You united the advantage of cooling during compression and the advantage of the higher efficiency of axial compressors.

The invention achieves a better degree by the Arrangement of several pressure-generating stages (sections) one behind the other.

The arrangement according to the invention divides the compression into two or more sections, with at least the first section being designed as an independent axial re-pressure compressor which, in the case of larger quantities of compressed air, directly, i.e. without a transmission gear, by an electric motor, a steam or gas turbine 'can be driven. (It is advantageous to design this boiler pressure axial compressor in accordance with the Czechoslovak patent Iv. 1o7 o? 2.) The second section and any other sections that make up the high pressure compressor, on the other hand, are always driven by a transmission gear with a higher speed than the first section . An advantage of this arrangement is the possibility of ..aiii - .. eirier- such speed for the second and the others

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Sections that are more suitable for the last stages than at existing solutions where the speed is determined by the peripheral speed the first stage of the first section is limited. There it is possible with the arrangement according to the invention, the speed The dimensions of the second are to be chosen higher than in previous versions of the second and further sections and further sections smaller than with previous d.i. with single-body guides. It is also possible to get a cheaper one Ratio of the blade length to the diameter of the rotating wheel in the last stages and thus also to achieve a higher degree of efficiency.

In that the first section, i.e. the depressed, a is an independent axial compressor and that the second and further Sections * d.i. the high-pressure section, which has higher speeds independent of the first section, becomes an essential one Weight savings of the entire unit achieved.

Splitting the compression into two bodies makes that possible Holding a cooler in between «At least the first one Axial section becomes a much higher one The efficiency of the entire unit is higher than that of existing radial or axial single-body designs.

The essence of the subject matter of the invention explained in more detail above, Is shown in the accompanying 'drawings in Fig. 1 to 7 in' a number of possible embodiments.

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According to Flg. 1, an electric motor 1 is used to directly

pressure compressor 2 and via a transmission 3 in the fast the high pressure compressor 4 is driven. The low pressure compressor 2 is an axial machine, the high pressure compressor 4 can be either axial or fiadial. By the axial compressor 2 is sucked in and compressed air passed through the cooler 5 into the compressor 4, where it is compressed to the required pressure. From the compressor 4 the air is then either directly or through an end cooler 5 in the! pressure network and-to the consumable parts.

Fig. 2 shows one that is thereby different from the previous one Arrangement that the high pressure compressor 4o is executed in Hadialaus_ execution and is divided into two sections, between which a cooler 7 is switched on. The electric motor 1 drives the Fiederdruckaxialkompressor 2 and directly further via a translation into the sonelle a multi-stage radial compressor 4o. The by de & Niederdruokaxialkompreeaor 2 sucked in and compressed air is via the cooler 5 the Hadial high pressure compressor 4o supplied. Subject passage duroh one or more stages ″ of the Hadialkompressors 4o leads them via the intercooler 7 and then returns to the other sections of the compressor 4o. For this compressor 4o it then comes either directly or via an end cooler into the ■ JJrucknetz and for consumables.

i''ig. 3 shows an arrangement where a directly driven low-pressure compressor 2 is connected to one end of the shaft of the drive electric motor 1, and a transmission 3 into the Sehnelle and a high-pressure compressor 4 _t wel- "

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.. A cooler 5 is switched on again between the low-pressure compressor 2 and the high-pressure compressor 4 »'

4 shows an arrangement similar to that of FIG. 1, but with the difference that the drive motor is a steam or gas turbine 8. The median pressure compressor 2 is driven directly, the high-pressure compressor 4 via a transmission 3 at high speed. Between the feather pressure and high-pressure compressor is connected to a cooler 5 again »

FIG. 5 shows an arrangement similar to FIG. 3 with the difference that the compressors are driven by a steam turbine or turbine

Fig. 6 shows nib *. Arrangement, woäie .; Pen is compressed by two Niederdruok-Asialltoiapressoren 2o, 21, which are driven by electric motors to, 11 «The iuit is then led via cooler 5o _fj 51 into a common pipe 9 and · into the HoohdruokkompresBor 41, which via a transmission 3 into the Sonnelle is driven by an electric motor 12,.

Pig *. "7 shows an arrangement which is rorteilhaft it if that ·

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Eioh is about smaller amounts of air, where the Axialkompreseör 22 not directly driven by the electric motor 13 «In this case a transmission gear 3o is switched on, via which both the low-pressure axial compressor 22 and the high-pressure radial compressor 42 is driven. The speed of the high pressure part can again be selected higher than that of the push-down part * The compressed air is again on the one hand in a cooler 52 at the outlet of the low-pressure compressor 22, on the other hand cooled in an aftercooler 6o.

The idea of the invention can of course also be realized by an arrangement other than that shown in Mg · 1 to 7 will.

The advantages of the new arrangement according to the invention occur best by comparison with existing arrangements. Let's take a compressor for compressing as an example from 35,000 m / h air from 1 ata to 6 ata, like this is required for oxygen systems. A refrigerated single-body bath compressor The usual design has an isothermal efficiency of oca at most 65 $ and weighs in the coolers 25 to 45 tons, depending on the design and producer. A two-body axial compressor with the same performance would be equal to this liadial compressor »would have to have an adiabatic have a degree of irrigation cca 85 / ό. Such an axial

Compressor of the usual type, however, comes for the concerned

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Volume and pressure ratios not taken into account, as the compressor would have too small a blade length or a hub ratio that is much too small in the last stages. The efficiency of ¹ W ₄₁ ^ 'o, 85 would be here probably not achieved.

According to the invention, the compression according to Pig. 7 can be realized. The low-pressure axial compressor 22 can be designed according to the Che'-Choslovak patent Fr. 107072 to achieve the smallest dimensions and weights and to achieve a flatter characteristic. The pressure ratios of the individual sections, ie the pressure ratios of the low-pressure compressor 22 and the high-pressure compressor 42, are selected in order to obtain an optimal degree of efficiency of the sections so that the total pressure work, given by the sum of the compression work of the individual sections, is minimal. With such an arrangement, the isothermal efficiency of the entire turbo compressor unit will be cca 5 $ higher than in the case where the turbo compressor is designed as a single-body radial compressor with three intercoolers. As a result, the annual consumption of electrical energy, given the above-mentioned performance of the arrangement and with an operating time of 8,000 hours per year, is about 1.5%

_ω kWh reduced. The weight of the low-pressure and high-pressure compressor 22, 42 and the cooler 52, 6o is increased by

■ wa a quarter to half lower than the weight .. one of the usual sink-body radial compressors with

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Intercoolers.

In the case of compression of twice the amount of air than in the previous case, on 6 ata, the arrangement according to Fig. 1 to 3 is already possible, where the higher pressure compressor directly is driven by an electric motor with 3ooo U / lin. In. In this case, the conditions are even more favorable, since the consumption of electrical energy is still less than the output which is otherwise lost in the transmission gear »

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Claims (2)

Claims 1 J turbo compressor unit "consisting of a low-pressure axial compressor and a radial or axial high-pressure compressor connected to it, characterized in that
A transmission gear is switched on in front of the high-pressure compressor, which increases the speed of the high-pressure compressor compared to the speed of the low-pressure axial compressor. 2. Turbo compressor unit according to claim 1, characterized in that · that the drive of the low-pressure A & ialkompressprs
and the high-pressure compressor is derived from a common drive unit, which can be an electric motor or a steam or gas turbine _{or the like} 90982270723 Blank page