DE1501441A1 - Plate heat exchanger - Google Patents

Description

Patent attorneys Drying. HANS RUSCHKE 29 D07 Dlpl.-Ing. hHttZ AGUUR TV _>'ί * c

P / J-Ai, JL

W5

Alfa-Laval AB., Tumba / Sweden

"Plate heat exchanger".

The invention relates to plate heat exchangers with a plurality of identical heat transfer plates thin, pressed sheet metal held together side by side to form a package with spaces between adjacent ones Panels held together by gaskets along the edges, these gaskets being channels form to conduct the heat exchange media, the spacing resulting protrusions from one of the plates closely fitting Support surfaces of the other plate rest in said space. The protrusions resulting in the spacing themselves represent carrier surfaces at the same time.

The channels in such a package receive certain channel characteristics because of the length of the plates and their width and

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the mutual distance, which is the useful size of the Flow through it is limited to a fairly narrow range. A limited area of flow and a certain heating surface per channel also means one fixed ratio between the mean temperature difference of the media and their temperature change.

A channel of relatively great length with a small distance between the plates is suitable, for example, in order to convey a large temperature change to a small flow. A large flow rate, the smaller the temperature alteration is to be given, requires a plate spacing that is in proportion to the length of the channel size, so that the pressure drop lies within practical limits, and therefore the heating surface is not too big · If the channels in one plate package are narrow and too long for some purpose so that the pressure drop increases too much, then the latter can undoubtedly be reduced as more plates and channels are added to the package, thereby increasing the total flow channel area, but this also entails that expensive heating surface is only sacrificed in order to achieve a pressure drop reduction and that the heat exchanger receives an overcapacity, ie too great a temperature change. tion causes.

In order to meet such various needs at least as far as possible, there was previously the need to

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ability to use plates that vary at least with respect to the height of the projections resulting in the spacing, so that different rows of such plates packets with larger or smaller distances between the plates form.

In addition, there is often a need to change the spacing between the plates within one and the same package, for example if the flows of the corresponding heat exchange media are of significantly different size, or to change the channel characteristics in a certain part of the package for a different reason, wss was achieved by arranging plates of different formats mixed in the package.

A general object of the invention is to overcome these disadvantages by forming the spacing projections of the same plates forming the package so that these plates can be put together to produce packages with larger or smaller distances between the plates and also packages with an optional distribution of larger or smaller such distances within the package *

The invention is mainly characterized by

that each plate is provided with a preliminary impression that gives a spacing, and that its support surfaces are in wear and tear.

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which planes are parallel to the main plane of the plate, with the projections and the support surfaces on the Plate are distributed in a pattern, as shown on a front side of the plate, so that when the two plates th can be put together to cover every other same in the plate pack, but in different mutual Positions, the spacing-giving projections in the plate gap, which are in a mutual position close to the carrier surfaces arranged in one plane in another mutual position close to in a different plane are arranged carrier surfaces, so that different mutual positions to lead different sized distances between the assembled plates.

Further features and advantages of the invention result from the following description of several exemplary embodiments shown in the attached schematic drawings

1 and 2 show a plan view and a sectional view along the line III-III of FIG Embodiment of heat transfer plates for conventional heat exchangers of the type on which the Invention relates

Figure 3 shows a similar sectional view of a package of three such plates,

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Figures 4 and 5 show a top view and a Kar.tenansicht of another embodiment of a heat exchanger plate for another conventional heat exchanger of the type to which the invention relates.

Flg. Figure 6 shows a common package of three such panels, showing the edges of the panels ,

Pig, 7 shows a package of the same plates, which are constructed according to an embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 8 shows a sectional view of an embodiment

a projection that gives the distance and is pressed into the plate.

· 9, Io and 11 show symbols used in the following Figures are used for the same spacing projection, from the left, from the Side and seen from the right in Fig. 8.

Figures 12 and 13 show a front and a side view a part d of Fig. 1 or Fig. 4 pressed vegetables of an embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 12 x, 12 ζ and 12 xz show the same part in three

rotated in different positions,

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Fi ^ -14, I ^ Uiid lö tend the same part g of Fig. 3 odci'- L ₃ ; -jcfoei every combination of the plates according to Fig. ₄ 12 is pressed 'and the plates ζ us a lot; are to form a package in mutually different rotated positions,

Figs. 17 and 18 show the impressions of Fig. 12 on one larger part of the plate on a reduced scale,

19 and 20 show part d according to another embodiment of the invention pressed.

Fig. 19 x * 19 y "and 19 ζ illustrate the same part each in a differently rotated position,

FIGS. 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25, like part d of FIG. 3 or 6, each represent a combination of the plates which according to FIG. 19 are pressed and assembled to form packages in mutually differently rotated positions,

Fig. 26 shows impressions according to Fig. 19 on a larger part of the plate in reduced hatred,

27 and 28 show a front and a side view of a modified embodiment of the embossing according to FIG. 26,

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29 and 30 show part d according to another Embodiment of the invention pressed,

29z 1, 29z 2 and 29z 3 illustrate the same part rotated in three different positions,

31, 32 and 33 represent the same as part d in FIG. 3 or 6 each represents a combination of the plates, which are pressed and put together according to Fig. 29, to form packets in mutually different rotated positions, and

34 and 35 show an embossing according to FIG. 29 on one larger part of the plate in a reduced wet rod.

All figures are shown schematically and serve only as examples, without limiting the scope of the invention. Identical details in the various figures are provided with the same reference symbols.

In Figs. 1 and 2, which illustrate a rectangular conventional heat transfer plate, the numerals 2, 3, 4 and 5 refer to the edges of the plate, and b to their respective sides, χ and y to the respective center lines of the plates which are located cross each other at the center of the plate c, and ζ (Fig. 2) a line through the center of the plate and perpendicular to it

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Main level. The plate also has an opening provided in each of its four corners and with a spacing resulting projection 7 of height L, of which four arranged on each side of the plate, a protrusion in each corner of an imaginary square with the center c. If the plates are together in a package according to Fig. J5, so that they completely cover each other, the projections resulting in the spacing are close to each other and give the distance 2 L between the plates. An edge seal 8 around two of the openings of each plate and a sealing ring 9 around each of the other openings are in the spaces formed are arranged in the usual manner so that one of the heat exchange media, the is passed through two rows of openings opposite one another in the package, through every other one Space between the plates is passed, and the other heat exchange medium passing through the other two Rows of this opening is passed through the other spaces.

Figs. 4 and 5 show a plate which is designed as a quadrangular Part of the plate of Fig. 1 can be viewed with the center point c and with equally long edges 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d. The distances between the plates in a package according to Fig. 6 are of course also 2 L. If the edge seals 8a are arranged as shown, a similar package can be used for the., Arms exchange in the cross flow be one of the heat exchange media through

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passed through the one gap in a perpendicular direction and the other medium through the other space in a horizontal direction.

The plates according to FIGS. 1 and 2 can be combined into two and two to completely cover each other, however, one of the plates was not rotated in any of the following directions with respect to the other Plate (O-rotated) can be rotated, namely:

1.) X-rotated, i.e. rotated by 180 ° around the center line χ, so that the edges 2 and 4 and the sides a and b of the plate exchange their positions.

2.) Y-rotated, i.e. rotated by 180 ° around the center line y, so that the edges 3 and 5 and sides a and b of the Plate swap positions, and

3 «) Z-rotated, ie rotated 180 ° around a line ζ, so that edges 2 and 4 as well as edges 3 and 5 of the plate, but not sides a and b, swap their positions.

The relative positions of the plates can therefore be referred to as ox , oy and oz.

The same applies in connection with square plates for the distance according to FIGS. 4 and 5, with the further possibility

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Possibility to turn one of the plates step by step in Z-rotation by 9o ° to turn, i.e. to reach three relative o-z positions, so that, for example, the edge 2a has its position can emit any of the edges 2b, 2c or 2d.

The pattern as shown on the plane of the plate, according to the the carrier giving the spacing are distributed on the plate, but has the effect that, like the plates, too can be adjusted relative to each other so that they completely coincide, the carrier of the resulting distance adjacent plates meet as shown in FIG. 3 and 6, so that the distance remains unchanged at 2 L. A distance L can, however, be achieved by shifting one of the plates of FIG. 7 so that separate, spaced apart Bearings next to each other against the adjacent plate. In this changed relative position lie as clearly shown, the spaced beams of one plate close to the beam surfaces of the other plate, these lying in a different plane parallel to the main plane of the plate than that in which the upper sides the opposite spacing resulting carrier lie, and form corresponding carrier surfaces in the relative position according to FIG. 6.

The basic idea of the invention is to achieve an effect like those described by changing the relative positions identical plates. This effect through a

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slide the plates as mentioned above to achieve is within the scope of the invention, but in many cases this method brings uncomfortable complications with himself. Plates according to FIGS. 1 and 2 then come, for example, in such relative positions that the openings and seals of adjacent plates are not opposite each other.

It is therefore a particularly important part of the inventive concept to have the mentioned spacing-producing carriers and to distribute the carrier surfaces according to such a pattern that the intended effect is achieved with the help of the " different relative positions can be achieved, which can only be achieved by rotating in X-Y-Z shape, the rectangular or square plates completely coinciding in all these relative positions. Examples thereof are illustrated below with reference to the restricted area d of FIGS. 1, 3, 4 and 6. The Elements 7, the carriers resulting in the spacing or the carrier surfaces in other planes than in the main plane of the plate include, as shown in FIG. 8, projections 11, which are formed on one side of the plate with the aid of indentations Io can be formed from the other side of the plate. Seen in a front view in the drawing, the projections according to FIG. 9 and the depressions according to FIG. 11 are designated. Seen from the side that is the same element according to FIG. Io denotes.

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Fig. 12 and Ij5 show the area d of an O-turned plate (o-plate) with two spacing projections Ja. and 7b, one of which lies in each of the two diagonally opposite corners of a rectangular quadrilateral, in this case a square with a center c, whereby projections of height 2L are formed above the side a and b. In the other corners marked with a + are the support points of the plate for similar, spacing projections of the neighboring plates. 12 χ shows the same area of such a plate rotated around X (x-plate).

When the o-plate is covered with the x-plate, the spacing-resulting projections meet Yes. of the x-plate on the side a of the o-plate at the lower right cross in Fig. 12 and give the distance 2L between the plates. If the mentioned x-plate is then covered with an o-plate, the projection 7b of the x-plate which gives the distance meets the side b of this o-plate at the upper left cross of FIG. 12 and also results in the distance 2L between these plates. This type of package of three plates is achieved when all the distances are = 2L according to FIG. The package can be expanded to any chosen size by adding more alternating o and x plates.

If, on the other hand, an o-plate is covered with a plate rotated by 180 ° Z according to FIG. 12z, they meet

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the projections 7b of the z-plate and resulting in the spacing the projections 7a of the o-plate which give the spacing, see above that the distance between the plates is 4L. When this z-plate is then covered with an o-plate, hit the distance-producing projections 7a of the z-plate with the distance-producing projections 7a of the aforementioned o-plate, so that the distance between these plates is also the added distance 2L + 2 L = 4L. To this In this way, there is the possibility of alternately forming packages according to FIG. 15 from o and z plates, all of which Clearances between plates = 4L.

Figure 16 gives an example of what packets with selectively variable spacing can look like. Of the Seen on the left in the figure, the first distance 2L, as in FIG. 14, is formed by an o and an x plate. The next distance should be 4L. This is achieved according to FIG. 15 with an o-plate and a z-plate, but there 16 is an x-plate, the other plate must be the one opposite to the x-plate Z-rotated, i.e. an x-z-plate according to Fig. 12 xz, which can be obtained by first X-rotating an o-plate and then the obtained x-plate is Z-rotated. The next distance should again be 4L, which can be done with the help of a Another x-plate is achieved according to the rule that an equal distance in a row is achieved by adding plates be alternated, which are rotated in the same way. The last distance 2L is shown in FIG. 14 with the aid formed another O-plate.

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Pig. 17 and 18 give an example of how a large number of such spacing protrusions can be distributed in rows on the puff, so that each protrusion is ¹ yes. on one side a of the plate and a protruding part 7b on the other side b of the plate lies in diametrically opposite corners of a rectangular quadrilateral with a center c. These support surfaces in the other corners of the square are marked with a cross, where the protruding parts of one plate lie tightly against the other plate », X- or Y-rotated,

FIGS. 19 and 2o give a in connection with an o-plate Example of a pattern of spacing-producing projections, with the aid of which 5 different plate spacings are achieved can. The protrusions 7a and 7b are as in FIG. 12 arranged, but have a height of 3L. Additionally there are further projections 12a and 12b at the points indicated with a + in FIG. 12 to which Height L pressed on above side a or side b. 19 x, 19 y and 19 ζ show the appearance of the pattern at Turn to the x-, y- or z-plate. When an o-plate is covered with a y-plate, the projections 7a are the y-plate against the bottom of the recess which forms the projection 12b of the o-plate (Fig. 21), and the projection 7a of the o-plate rests against the bottom of the recess which forms the projection 12b of the y-plate (Fig. 22) so that the distance between the plates is the subtraction distance 3L - 1 = 2L (regardless of the

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relatively small plate thickness). If this y-plate is further covered with another o-plate, the protrusions 7b of the o-plate protrude into the protrusions 12a of the y-plate (FIG. 21), and the protrusions 7b of the y-plate protrude into the protrusions 12a of the o-plate (Fig. 22) so that the same distance 2L is achieved between the plates. Using alternating o- and y-plates, packages can be achieved in which all the distances are = 2L .

Using alternating o- and x-plates, the projections of different heights of the adjacent plates rest against one another, as shown in FIG. 23, so that the addition distances J5L + L = 4L arise between the plates.

Finally, using alternating o and z plates, the projections Yes are located. and 7b of the adjacent plates according to FIG. 24 against one another, so that the additional distances 5L + 3> L = 6L arise between the plates.

Fig. 25 gives an example of an optional distribution of the three possible distances in a disk package. Expected the distance 2L between an o-plate and a y-plate according to FIGS. 21 and 22 is formed from the left in the figure. Of the The next distance 4L is to be formed by a plate which is X-rotated in relation to the y-plate, since the

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relative position according to Fig. 23 χ must be. From this becomes a z-plate. The next distance from 6L will be analogous to Fig. 24 formed with the aid of an o-plate, and the end distance 2L is like the first distance that is formed with the aid of a y-plate was formed.

Fig. 26 gives an example of how a large number of such spacing carriers are distributed in rows on the plate could be. It differs from FIG. 17 only in that the plate at the points with the crosses results in a distance Projections 12a and 12b is provided. A modification of this arrangement, according to FIGS. 27 and 28, consists in that the rows of the spacing-producing projections 12a and 12b are replaced by edges IjJa and 13b, which are pressed to the same height above the neutral plane N of the plate, in which, in turn, spacing elements 7a and 7b in their height above the neutral plane be pressed.

Figs. 29 and 30 show an arrangement of the distance yielding Protrusions according to the invention, which is particularly suitable in connection with packages of square plates, which can cover each other, with one of the plates rotated by 90 °, 180 ° or 27o ° in relation to the other Z-rotated is as shown in Fig. 29z 1, 29z 2 and 29z 3, respectively. In this case the plate lies in three corners of the above Quadrilateral, which in this case is equilateral

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Quadrilateral is provided with the projections 7b, 12b and 14b giving the spacing, to the heights 3L, 2L and L pressed over one side b of the plate. In the relative positions 0-Z 1 and 0-Z 2, the one that determines the distance meets Projection 7b of the z-plate (according to FIG. 31 or 32) on the o-plate at their spacing-yielding projections 12b and 14b, respectively, which are the subtraction distances between the plates jJL - 2L = L and 3L - L = 2L results. In the relative Position O - Z 3 hits the same spacing projection according to FIG. 33 on the o-plate of the main plane, what gives the distance 3L between the plates.

Figs. 34 and 35 give an example of how a larger number such spaced projections can be distributed in rows on the plate, FIG Shows squares, in the corners of which the projections resulting in the spacing according to the arrangement shown in FIG. 29 lie.

If the plates are of any other polygonal shape, such as hexagonal or octagonal, so that they can be Z-rotated in 5 and 7 different relative positions, a correspondingly increased number of changes in distance can be achieved according to the same principle by adding a correspondingly increased number of

■ ^ ■ distance resulting projections also increased

- ¹ number of height changes in the corners of the hexagonal

-j ■ ■ - ■

^m or octagonal plate with a center point c to be distributed. If the plates are circular, the ab-

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The resulting protrusions were distributed along a circle around their center.

In contrast to the aforementioned arrangements in which the panels have protrusions on both sides, however, this arrangement does not make it possible to obtain packages by rotating every other plate, where in these packets large addition intervals are therefore

occur because the projections of adjacent plates are oriented in opposite directions, such as shown in FIG. 15, 2J5 or 24. Due to the fact that the theoretical possibility of the projections 7 is ^D so much as to press up the other hand, accompanied by practical difficulties is an arrangement according to FIG. 29 is generally only suitable in connection with relatively small distances.

With the guidance of the illustrated and described examples, one skilled in the art will be able to devise further modifications perform. The relative heights of the girders giving the spacing can be changed, for example, that different proportions are achieved between the changing spaces. The patterns that are in Figs. 17, 26, 27 and 354 can be viewed in the Level of the plate can be rearranged as it results when the lines χ and y in the figures are exchanged, wherein the spacing projections may have a shape deviating from the circular shape and so on.

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Claims (1)

it 1501U1 Patent claims: (ΓΓΐ Arrangement in connection with plate heat exchangers with a multitude of identical heat transfer plates made of thin, pressed sheet metal, assembled side by side in packages with gaps between adjacent panels that are delimited by edge seals, these interspaces forming flow channels for the heat media, with spacing-resulting projections on one of the plates lie close to the support surfaces of the other plate in said spaces, the projections Form support surfaces, characterized in that each plate is provided with such projections is provided, and that its support surfaces are in different planes parallel to the main plane of the plate, wherein the projections and support surfaces are distributed on the plate according to a pattern, as in a front view the main level shown so that when two such panels are put together to like each other to cover in the package of plates, but in different relative positions to each other, with the resulting distance Projections in the space between the plates, which in a relative position closely match the in support surfaces lying in one plane and in another relative position close to those in another Support surfaces lying flat, so that different relative positions of different sizes between the - 19 - 909846/0179 composite panels result. 2.) Arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the identical heat transfer plates have two mutually perpendicular center lines, the intersection point of which is the center of the plate, characterized in that the plate is provided on both sides with a plurality of projections of a maximum height, which have the same height above the main plane of the plate on each of the plate sides, and which, viewed on the front side of the plate, are distributed so that the projections on opposite sides (7a or 7b) two and two together in each of one of diametrically opposite corners of an imaginary rectangle, two and two sides of which are parallel to one or the other of the named center lines (x or y) and have the same center point (c) as the plate,
The parts of the corresponding side of the plate which lie in the two further corners of this square and form support surfaces for the highest projections of the adjacent plates when the plates are opposite one another with their same sides (a opposite a or, b
compared to b), lie at a lower level above the main surface of the plate than the highest projection of the
corresponding side in the same way in both sides of the plate. j5.) Arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that - 2o - 90 9 846/0179 that the support surfaces on both sides of the plate lie in the main plane of the plate. 4,). The arrangement of claim 1, wherein the identical Heat transfer plates have two center lines that are perpendicular to each other and where their crossing point is the The center of the plate is characterized in that the plate is provided with projections on its two sides maximum height is provided which is the same height above the main surface of the plate on both sides of the plate and which are distributed on the plate, as shown on the front view of the plate, that the projections opposite sides (7a or 7b) two and two together each in one of the diametrically opposite corners of an imaginary square, the sides of which are two and two parallel to one and the other of the named Center lines run (x or y) and the same center point (c) as the plate and further characterized by that the plate on the parts that lie in the other two corners of each such square, with a lower one Projection (12a) or (12b) in one corner over one side (a) of the plate and in the other corner over the other side (b) of the plate is provided, these projections, both sides of which have the same small height above the main plane of the plate we have the height of the highest projections, with the help of depressions of sufficient Width formed in the opposite side of the plate to the highest protrusions one - 21 - 909846/0179 to allow adjacent plate to protrude into the recess and to rest against the bottom. 5.) Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the identical heat transfer plates, which together are arranged in the plate pack with their different sides facing each other (a opposite b), with projections (7b, 12b and 14b) are provided at different heights above the other side (b) of the plate, distributed in a pattern are as shown on a front side of the panel, so that when two panels are brought together to turn to cover each other as in a plate package, with rotation of one plate in its own plane in relation to each other to the other plate the highest projections (7b) of this plate, which in a rotary position on the bottom surfaces the wells of a certain depth rest on the other plate, in the other rotational positions the bottom of the wells rest against a different depth. - 22 - 909846/0179 Blank page