DE1484128B1

DE1484128B1 - Process for the production of truss-like or massive lattice girders, arched girders or shell roofs made of wood

Info

Publication number: DE1484128B1
Application number: DE19641484128
Authority: DE
Inventors: Georg Borg; Karl Hoermandinger
Original assignee: BORG GEB WITSCHOREK
Current assignee: BORG GEB WITSCHOREK
Priority date: 1964-01-10
Filing date: 1964-01-10
Publication date: 1971-08-26
Also published as: AT255724B; GB1089784A; FR1461356A

Description

1 21 2

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Fachwerkträger od. dgl. teil bei Verwendung von Knotenplatten oder Knotenaus Holz, bei dem die Streben und Gurte unter blechen liegt darin, daß diese die Zug- und Druck-Verwendung von an der Kreuzungsstelle der Stab- kräfte nicht allein in Längsrichtung der Holzbauteile achsen aufeinanderliegenden nagelbaren Blechstrei- übertragen, sondern Ursache für Nebenspannungen fen und Nägeln miteinander verbunden sind. 5 sind, die nur schwierig zu erfassen und zu berück-The invention relates to a truss or the like. Part when using node plates or nodes Wood, in which the struts and straps under sheet metal, is that these are used for pulling and pushing at the point of intersection of the bar forces not only in the longitudinal direction of the wooden components Axes of nailable sheet metal strips lying on top of one another are the cause of secondary stresses fen and nails are connected. 5 are difficult to grasp and take into account.

Es ist bekannt, Holzbauteile mit Hilfe von Blechen sichtigen sind. Hinzu kommt, daß die Knotenbleche aus Metall oder anderem Material zu verstärken oder den verschiedenen Verbindungsstellen zwischen den miteinander zu verbinden. So zeigt die britische Pa- Holzbauteilen jeweils gesondert angepaßt werden tentschrift 846599 die Möglichkeit, zwei lang- müssen, was nicht nur einen erheblichen Arbeitsgestreckte Kanthölzer, die flach mit ihren Längsseiten io aufwand, sondern auch einen merklichen Mehrbedarf aneinanderliegen, zu einem Balken dadurch zu ver- an Blechmaterial bedeutet.It is known that wooden components are visible with the help of sheet metal. In addition, the gusset plates made of metal or other material to reinforce or the various joints between the to connect with each other. Thus, the British Pa- shows wooden components to be adapted separately tentschrift 846599 the possibility to have two long, which is not only a considerable stretch of work Squared timber, which worked flat with its long sides, but also a noticeable increase in demand lie against one another, thereby making a beam that means sheet material.

binden, daß in den aneinanderliegenden Längsseiten Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einentie that in the adjacent long sides The invention is based on the object of a

der Kanthölzer im Abstand liegende parallele Fachwerkträger od. dgl. der eingangs genannten Artthe squared timber spaced parallel truss or the like of the type mentioned above

Schlitze eingearbeitet werden, die miteinander fluch- so weiterzubilden, daß der Vorteil der VerwendungSlots are incorporated, the curse with each other so that the advantage of the use

ten und in die Verbindungsblechstreifen eingelegt 15 von Verbindungsblechen nur im Bereich der Verbin-th and inserted into the connecting sheet metal strips 15 of connecting sheets only in the area of the connecting

werden, die von beiden Seiten her mit den Kant- dungsstellen beibehalten werden kann, währendwhich can be retained from both sides with the bending points while

hölzern vernagelt werden. In ähnlicher Weise werden gleichzeitig gewährleistet wird, daß bei einfacherto be nailed up wooden. In a similar way it is ensured at the same time that with simpler

nach dieser Patentschrift zwei Balken stumpf mit Herstellung und geringem Verschnitt der Verbin-according to this patent two bars butt with production and little waste of the connection

ihren Enden aneinandergeschlossen, indem beide dungsbleche die Kräfte auf vorteilhafte Weise jeweilstheir ends joined together by the two expansion plates the forces in an advantageous manner each

Enden mit einer Reihe paralleler kurzer Sägeschlitze ao in Richtung der Längsmittellinie der Holzbauteile inEnds with a series of parallel short saw slots ao in the direction of the longitudinal center line of the wooden components in

versehen werden, in die ebenfalls der Höhe der die Verbindungstellen eingeleitet werden, so daß dasare provided, in which the height of the connection points are also introduced, so that the

Balken entsprechend breite Blechstreifen eingelegt Auftreten von Nebenspannungen weitgehend ausge-Beams of correspondingly wide sheet metal strips inserted Occurrence of secondary stresses to a large extent.

und durch beidseitige Nagelung mit den Balken ver- schlossen wird.and is closed with the joists by nailing on both sides.

einigt werden. Die britische Patentschrift 846 599 Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gezeigt weiterhin die Möglichkeit, einen Fachwerkträ- as löst, daß die Blechstreifen im Bereich der Stabverger dadurch herzustellen, daß die aus Holz bestehen- bindungen in Sägeschlitzen der hölzernen Fachwerkden Gurte durch aus Metallblech bestehende Streben stäbe befestigt sind. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß die miteinander verbunden werden. Die sich kreuzenden Kräfte und Spannungen von den Holzbauteilen über Enden der diagonal verlaufenden Blechstreben wer- die Nägel unmittelbar in die Blechstreifen in Richden gemeinsam in Sägeschlitze in den Gurtbalken 30 tung der Längsmittellinie der Holzbauteile eingeleitet eingelassen und unmittelbar aufeinanderliegend von und im Bereich der Kreuzungsstellen unter Vermittbeiden Seiten her durch Nagelung mit dem Gurtbai- lung der Nägel unmittelbar von Blech zu Blech Überken vereinigt. Zur Aussteifung der Streben können tragen werden. Die bei Knotenblechen oder Knotendie Blechstreben mit Längsrippen versehen sein. Zu platten festzustellenden Nebenspannungen werden dem gleichen Zweck können aber auch auf die frei- 35 hierbei weitgehend vermieden, so daß sich an den liegenden Bereiche der Blechstreben von beiden Sei- Verbindungsstellen leicht übersehbare Spannungsten her Bretter aufgenagelt werden. Die Druck- und Verhältnisse ergeben. Die Verbindungsbleche können Zugkräfte werden hierbei von Gurtbalken zu Gurt- aus bandförmigem Material ohne großen Aufwand balken unmittelbar über die Blechstreben übertragen. für jede Art von Verbindung durch einfaches Ab-Wegen dei geringen Knicksteifigkeit der Streben 40 schneiden erhalten werden, ohne daß ein nennenseignet sich diese Ausführungsform nur für Träger werter Verschnitt an Blech in Kauf genommen wermit geringem Abstand der Gurtbalken. Hinzu kommt den muß. Da die Blechstreifen jeweils nur über eine die Gefahr, daß bei stärkerem Schwinden der zum relativ kurze Länge in die Holzbauteile eingelassen Aussteifen der Blechstreben dienenden Auflagebretter sind, spielt das Schwinden des Holzes für die Festig-Verschiebungen an den Verbindungsstellen in Kauf 45 keit der Verbindung im zulässigen Belastungsbereich genommen werden müssen, die erheblich über den nur eine geringe Rolle. Der Kraftübergang im Bereich zulässigen Werten liegen. der Kreuzungsstelle wird noch dadurch erhöht, daßbe agreed. British Patent 846 599 This object is thereby shown in accordance with the invention furthermore the possibility of a truss that loosens the sheet metal strips in the area of the rod rack by making the wood connections in saw slots in the wooden framework Straps are attached by rods made of sheet metal struts. This ensures that the be connected to each other. The intersecting forces and tensions from the wooden components over The ends of the diagonally running sheet metal struts are the nails directly into the sheet metal strips in Richden initiated jointly in saw slots in the belt beam 30 direction of the longitudinal center line of the wooden components let in and directly on top of each other by and in the area of the crossing points under both mediators Sides by nailing the nails directly from sheet to sheet with the belt bale united. Can be used to stiffen the struts. The gusset plates or knots Sheet metal struts should be provided with longitudinal ribs. Ancillary voltages to be determined are to plates the same purpose can, however, also be largely avoided in this case, so that on the lying areas of the sheet metal struts from both side connection points easily overlooked tension for boards to be nailed on. The pressure and conditions result. The connecting plates can Tensile forces are converted from belt beams to belts made of belt-shaped material without much effort Transfer the beam directly over the sheet metal struts. for every type of connection by simply walking away the low buckling stiffness of the struts 40 cut can be obtained without a nominally appropriate This embodiment is only accepted for wearers with significant scrap on sheet metal small distance between the belt beams. In addition there is the must. Since the sheet metal strips only have one the risk that with greater shrinkage the relatively short length will be embedded in the wooden components Bracing of the sheet metal struts are serving boards, the shrinkage of the wood plays for the Festig shifts at the connection points in purchase 45 speed of the connection within the permissible load range must be taken that significantly over the only minor role. The power transition in the field permissible values. the crossing point is increased by the fact that

Diese Nachteile hat man dadurch vermieden, daß auf Grund der Nagelung und der unmittelbar überman bei derartigen Gitterträgern sowohl die Gurte einanderliegenden Blechstreifen diese sich an den als auch die Streben aus Holzbauteilen hergestellt 50 Nagelstellen ineinander verkrallen. Gegenüber den hat, die über sogenannte Knotenplatten miteinander Gitterträgern mit Streben aus durchgehenden Blechverbunden sind. Aus der deutschen Patentschrift streifen ergibt sich bei der neuen Ausführungsform 862 659 sind derartige Verbindungen für Holzfach- eine wesentlich höhere Belastbarkeit, und zwar unwerke bekannt, bei denen die Knotenplatten aus ge- abhängig vom Abstand der Gurtbalken. Gegenüber preßtem Kunstholz bestehen, in Schlitze der zu ver- 55 den Gitterträgern mit einer Verbindung der Gurtbindenden Stäbe bzw. Gurte eingelassen und mit balken der Streben durch Knotenbleche ergibt sich diesen durch Dübel vereinigt sind. Da die Knoten- eine wesentlich billigere und einfachere Herstellung platten hierbei eine relativ große Dicke besitzen mit dem weiteren Vorteil übersichtlicherer Spanmüssen, ist es erforderlich, die Knotenplatten nach nungsverhältnisse in den Verbindungsstellen.
Schablonen für das Einsetzen der Dübel vorzuboh- 60 Weitere Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind ren. Dieser Nachteil wird bei dem fachwerkartigen Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.
Bauelement nach dem deutschen Gebrauchsmuster Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend an Hand einer 1 870 593 dadurch vermieden, daß jeweils mehrere schematischen Zeichnung an drei Ausführungsbeiparallel zueinander in Abständen in Schlitze der spielen näher erläutert.These disadvantages have been avoided in that, due to the nailing and the fact that both the straps and the struts made of wooden components, 50 nail points claw into one another, in such lattice girders immediately above one another. Compared to that, which are connected to each other via so-called node plates with lattice girders with struts made of continuous sheet metal. From the German patent specification strip results in the new embodiment 862 659, such connections for wooden shed a much higher load capacity, namely unknown, in which the gusset plates from depending on the distance between the girders. Compared to pressed synthetic wood, there are slots in the lattice girders to be connected with a connection of the belt-binding rods or belts and with bars of the struts through gusset plates, these are united by dowels. Since the knot plates are much cheaper and easier to manufacture, they have a relatively large thickness with the further advantage of clearer chip requirements.
Templates for inserting the dowels in advance. 60 Further embodiments of the invention are ren. This disadvantage is in the framework-like subject matter of the subclaims.
Component according to the German utility model The invention is avoided in the following on the basis of a 1 870 593 in that several schematic drawings are explained in more detail on three exemplary embodiments parallel to one another at intervals in the slots of the games.

Gurte und Streben eingelassene Knotenbleche aus 65 Die F i g. 1 a und 1 b zeigen im Querschnitt und Metall verwendet werden, deren Dicke so gewählt ist, in Seitenansicht die Verbindungsstelle zwischen daß sich die Bleche durch Nagelung mit den Holz- einer einzelnen Strebe und dem Ende eines Gurtbauteilen vereinigen lassen. Ein wesentlicher Nach- balkens.Straps and struts embedded gusset plates made of 65 The F i g. 1 a and 1 b show in cross section and Metal can be used, the thickness of which is selected in a side view of the connection point between that the sheets are nailed to the wooden a single strut and the end of a belt component let unite. An essential neighbor beam.

Claims

3 43 4

2a and 2b show in cross section and men are, with the exception of the over the ends Side view of the connection of two mutually protruding sheet metal sections. These protrude into corresponding ones Struts and a belt beam, while corresponding saw slots 15 of a belt beam 13 into it the F i g. 3 a and 3 b in cross section and in side and cross each other in these slots in such a way view the junction of two under 5 that at the crossing points the sheet metal strips 11 a right angle crossing bar veran- and 14 lie directly on top of one another. The tin-eyed ones, strips are connected to the struts by nails 12 and In the embodiment of Fig. La and with the belt beam by nails 16, the 1 b is an inclined wooden strut 1 struck from both sides. End of a beam 2 connected. The end of the io To protect the sheet metal strut lying in the slots 1 is the inclination of the strut strip accordingly against external influences can cut the saw and abuts directly on the top slot through board sections 17 nailed on of bar 2. In the strut 1 two are to be covered.

spaced saw slots 4 are provided. The section in Fig. 2a is along the section in FIG each in the longitudinal direction of the strut 1 15 line H-II of FIG. 2 b placed.

fende and protruding beyond the end of the strut In the embodiment according to FIG. 3a Sheet metal strips 3 let in and with the strut through and 3 b are two crossing struts or bars Nails 5 hammered in on both sides are firmly connected to a connection according to the invention. The protruding ends of the sheet metal strips 3 are made. In the example shown, the bar 21 goes protrude in one piece through the connection point in a corresponding distance from one another 20 during the Lying saw slots 7 at the end of the belt beam 2. In addition, beams running at an angle are made in two parts, in the same slots are formed in the longitudinal direction and consist of beams 20 and 22. Gurtbalken 2 extending sheet metal strips 6 so inserted into the on the beam 21 facing ends of the lays that they are at the intersection directly on beams 20 and 22 corresponding saw slots 23 the sheet metal strip 3 of the strut 1 come to rest. 25 or 26 incorporated into the continuous sheet metal die Sheet metal strips 3 and 6 are inserted at the intersection strip 24 and with nails 25 and 27, respectively place are connected to the bar 20 and 22 by nails 8 driven in on both sides. The sheet metal each other and united with the belt beam. By strip 24 run in the longitudinal direction of the two-part the metal sheets 6 are to be found outside the intersection of the beams 20, 22.

additional nails hammered in. As can be seen, the 30 The continuous bar 21 also has a saw cut According to Fig. La along the section line 1-1 slits 29 open. through which the sheet metal strips 24 out Fig. Ib laid. run through and into the additional sheet metal strip 28

The inserted sheet steel strips 3 or 6 can be inserted, which are protected in the longitudinal direction of the beam by electroplating. Since the Influences are running out. These sheet metal strips 28 with the lines of force at the transition from the wooden component to 35 beams 21 and at the point of intersection with the unden associated sheet metal strips run largely in the longitudinal direction of the sheet metal strips 24 lying on them through the direction of the components, they meet when nails 30 are driven in on both sides connected, the connected wooden components largely in one. With all connections, the wooden components can point, so that secondary stresses are reduced to a minimum and the saw slots are reduced with considerable tolerances. Are placed at the crossing points of the sheets 40 and in a relatively moist state, the power transmission takes place directly from sheet metal, since these tolerances or the nail on the sheet, without the forces on the belt wood auftre with higher initial moisture of the wood the necessary shrinkage will only reduce the strength of the connection. The sheet metal strips lie completely in the slightly affected. Practice has shown that wooden components are covered so that they are largely withdrawn from the external influences that occur during the permissible load. In addition, the saw slots can slide far below the permissible displacement. B. by means of pitch or exercise measure, other, preferably elastic substances, such as tar,
Plastic or the like. Be poured. Patent claims:

The nails with which the sheets with the ends 50 1st truss or the like. Made of wood, in which The struts are joined together using the struts and straps in one Drive in the distance from the end of the wooden belts. at the intersection of the rod axes at least ten times the number of nailable sheet metal strips and nails that can penetrate the nail knife corresponds. About the same distance will be connected, thereby interposed between them adhered to the individual nails. The 55 indicates that the sheet metal strips (3, 6) The thickness of the sheet metal strips is expediently not in the area of the rod connections in saw slots ter 1.25 mm. (4, 7) of the wooden framework bars (1, 2)

In the embodiment of Fig. 2a and are strengthened.

F i g. 2 b the connection according to the invention is shown 2. Truss according to claim 1, characterized

for connecting two converging so marked that the saw slots (4, 7) with

Struts and a belt beam. The two struts 9 of a preferably elastic filling compound, such as

and 10 are again with two in mutual tar. Pitch or plastic, are filled.

Provided distance parallel saw slots, 3. truss according to claim 2, characterized

are inserted into the sheet metal strips 11 and 14, which indicate that the mouths of the saw

each in the direction of the length of the struts 9 and 10 S5 slots on the outside of the wooden components

run and completely taken up in the slots by boards or the like. Are covered.

1 sheet of drawings

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