DE1482275B2 - SELF-PROPELLED VEHICLE FOR BACKING TREE TRUNKS - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a self-propelled vehicle i, v a »

tool for backing tree trunks sweeping tree trunks and for charging the

If trees felled so far from the logging logs onto the vehicle,

should be brought to the processing site, ³ " ^ehen stop, which is attached to the loading boom with

SLft ^ertordei ; ^llch ' ^a rope is arranged around every single 5 ^ ^{ηά of} the gripper and on

STSTV ^ ί ⁸ !? ' ^{a chain or a} wire rope ^{which v} m ° gripper detected tree trunks

^pull through and rest on the winch when charging,

pull through

dSS * f tree trunks ^ r ^ JSF ™ T * **? ^UDabhMn ^ ™ ^d - ^ tree around a

ribbons. WennTe _r X _kto rLn of Λ * "*? * ^{Axis swiveling} on the vehicle

t ^^ ÄSfJS: ¹¹ attached edition and

ncn to free the wind and every tree trunk " ^{61ne festival} device for the tree trunks

to untie again individually. It is clear that this ^ar-

■ ^S1 t ^S <? Tl "" ** satisfactory and both with a ^ - _J

Visible to the time and the material as well as the work, it is achieved that the entire work was uneconomical. ⁵ Y ^or gang of the back of tree trunks of only

In order to facilitate and accelerate the handling of tree a ^ ** ', ^{namely the} ° ώ familiar to the vehicle, ^ύ1 ™ ^η & νψ ™ can be carried out; So a tractor with a "J ^ tree trunks attached rigidly to this is usually known, whereby one, f ™ e people are superfluous over the loading boom and that the tree trunks Se ₁ I is guided by a winch, the end of which is around ET ^{Trans Port si} <* he and fixed on the vehicle geeinen to advancing -Baumstamm under lifting ™ £! ♦ ^w .5 ^{rden> so} that the risk is looped from gedesselben by loose. The tree trunk is ^{üa "ert} f logs caused accidents weitestdann with the aid of the winch to the tractor heSn- ^ f ^ j * *

pulled and - with the leading end up, = α ^emer preferred execution for the erfindiesem supporting - held by the rope abee _T ^du W ^measure e device is provided that the tows. Thus, the tree trunk is located during its 77 ™™ ^te is formed leskopartig and a transport non-fixed and grinds with the nachlau fixed portion and two or more moving end on the ground, which has as a result of η ^sections, that the gripper on the FEU unevenness to rolling or swiveling movements _3o dS "r ί t ^d t ^{S is attached to the outermost} section, which leads to a considerable risk of accident a ^ f ^schiutt e telescopically in the fixed- (USA. Patent 1 987 688). ^{8 den} Section are arranged and that the telescopic

Further, a konstm in the manner of an excavator ^ f ^derrick and the support and Festhalteeinlertes vehicle has been known that a teleskopartiSi "Tl ^{8 mr load rotatable} vertical ^to ^ e luffing derrick plate with an attached" iS a? T ^{6 'scratch} the vehicle at-Grexfer. The gripper is used to lift ^ge ° ^rdnetsmd ·

of a tree trunk. As advantageous for the transport of a · ^{Constructively} it is when the boom tree trunk is not even a support base such as hei ⁶¹ U ^{6 perpendicular} e support, an upwardly thereon and abdem aforementioned tractor is present ^s ™ ^NKBA r articulated fixed Expires transporting a tree trunk in the reciprocating * o UTr ^{several relative} to each other in the longitudinal direction of view of the risk of accidents among still ungünsügSin ^h _a Ti ^{HCHs sectio} tte which in the fixed circumstances from such as the removal of a tree ^from j ^chmtt telescopically slidably disposed strain with the above-mentioned tractor CUSA i ' Has several guide rollers, which are referred to in patent specification 2,878,946). ^KA '~ ^the fixed and on each of the movable ones

It has also been proposed a vehicle the "^ sections are provided and the movement of the device eme lefalter for pruning BäuSe'träS ^be _f ^ ^{uring path} sections with each other and with respect and a telescoping Hubeinrichtunt? -L support ^{Π fests} tehenden section and with a Gripper for guiding the trees through v ™ '

Cdeutsrhe for moving the telescopically interlocking patent specification 1482273) through the delimbing device. This ⁸ FahSug isfS 50 f ^ ⁰ ? ™ sections can be provided by cables for jerking tree trunks but ^ ^e . ^rbunde n that on one or more Aufwikist a B to approach the felled trees? ^ke } ^T ° ^l } ^{& a} > which form a winch drum, processing point. nzuranrenüe be wound, _{wound and m} ^ ^^ _{End &} ^ _Absdmit ' _{te be} ^s _fe _

The invention is based on the object of a u. '^ ^Md ' ^{Whereby the} winch drum on the fixed

Initially specified vehicle so auszubüderf that 5, p ^ ^Ab f ^{hlÜtt is} brought

the jerking of the tree trunks economically safe r> · Γ ^simple 'but reliable training of the

and with a minimum of staff 5 ^re ' ^fers consists in that this one fixed

can be carried out. Gripper arm and a movable gripper arm

In order to solve the problem, invented ^W ^ ^{St> dle is divided by a} hydraulic device.

Proposed according to the proposal that the vehicle ds "60 Γ ^connected ". are. The hydraulic device

self loading Knitting vehicle isf provided, and ^m "a storage tank be provided, the

in combination includes: ^{B and} ^ is connected so that it is a resiliently resilient

a in * ™ τ ·· closing force of the gripper arms of the gripper normal-

EJE Lv ^length L ^Variegated riichen and to ^know f ^me me closed position manages. The griffin

ScWnIh ₃ I ⁶ T ^ u ^{And horizontal} axis, ^{ter kan} 5 ^a fixed, preferably sickle-shaped

swiveling loading boom, ⁶ S migen gripper arm and an articulated on the fixed

2. a be ϊη h. ™ ^ge attached to the end of the boom,! ^a § ^Erten 'preferably comprise halbmondförmiweghehen gripper for detecting the ^llchen on Hjen ^g · ^be _T g ^we gripper arm, which by

ate a hydraulic cylinder over a storage tank on the floor

I 482

is actuatable. When the hydraulic cylinder is actuated, the movable arm can be separated from the stationary one Arm pivotable and the movable arm towards the fixed arm by the hydraulic Storage tank be biased.

The possible uses of the vehicle according to the invention can be improved if the telescopic loading boom is necessarily and controllably pivotable about its vertical axis on a turntable of the vehicle. It is equally advantageous if the support is attached to the vehicle such that it can pivot about a vertical axis and is therefore easily accessible. For safe storage, the support can have a movable part for optionally holding the tree trunks on the same. The support itself can have a base plate, a crank arm pivotable about a horizontal axis and attached to the rear end of the base plate, hydraulic cylinders for pivoting the crank arm, a cross member attached to the free end of the crank arm, which is provided on a part with generally upwardly directed points , and a holding device for the loaded tree trunks. The base plate can advantageously be pivoted about a vertical axis, on 2s ^: there can be a spring-loaded chain, and the cross member can be provided with thorns or points to increase the slip resistance of an overlying tree trunk, with the chain against the tree trunks to be towed pulls the cross member and clamps it securely.

For the exact storage of the tree trunks, it is advantageous if the stop on the loading boom in the Distance from the gripper is attached and together with this a pair at a distance from each other forms lying points of attack along the tree trunk. The stop can be rigid on one section of the cargo boom pivotably attached to the vehicle and hanging down from it.

The invention shown by way of example in the drawing will be based on the description below explained in detail. The drawing shows in

F i g. 1 is a side view of a vehicle according to the invention of a first embodiment;

F i g. 2 shows a side view of a further embodiment and

- F i g. 3 is the half of the front view of the embodiment according to FIG. 2.

The in F i g. The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 can be viewed as a combination of different parts are: a retractable boom 10, a gripping device 11, a support 12 and a self-propelled tracked vehicle 13. Each of these parts will be explained in detail.

The cargo boom 11 has a single retractable, movable section 14 and a fixed one Section 15 provided; The movable section is attached by in the fixed section 15 Rolls 16 out with flanges. The loading boom 11 is driven by a sprocket 17 operated, which is attached to the fixed portion 15 and engages in a roller chain 18 which is used as a rack and is attached to the movable portion 14. The sprocket 17 is driven by a hydraulic motor 19 combined with a reduction gear.

The cargo boom is arranged so that it can be raised about a pivot 20 which is on the stationary Section 15 of the cargo boom is attached near the front end. This swivel connection is attached by a strut 21 to a center pillar 22 which is rigidly attached to the vehicle is. A lifting cylinder 23 is pivotably linked to the strut 21, its movable piston rod 24 is articulated at 25 to the rear end of the fixed portion 15. One Actuation of the lifting cylinder 23, that is to say the one between the underside 26 of the stationary section 15 of the loading boom and the center pillar 22 causes the loading boom to pivot upwards or downwards around the pivot 20.

The loading boom 10, the strut 21 and the lifting cylinder 23 are on a pivot mechanism 27 attached which is rotatably supported on the center column 22; which represents part of the vehicle. on In this way, the loading boom 10 can be rotated about the perpendicular axis of the column 22. the Rotation is made via a pinion 28 which is attached to the strut 21 and with one of a hydraulic cylinder operated rack 29 is in engagement, which in turn is attached to the center column is.

The gripping mechanism 11 is attached to the rear end of the movable section 14 of the loading boom. It consists of a column 30 attached to the end of the movable section 14, in which a Hydraulic cylinder 31 is located. A substantially sickle-shaped arm 32 is rigidly attached to the column 30, to which at 34 a moon-shaped, movable arm 3 is articulated. The piston rod 35 of the hydraulic cylinder 31 is connected to one end of the movable gripping arm 33. In this way, by actuating the cylinder 31, a forceps-like opening or closing of the movable gripping arm 33 causes. The cylinder 31 is through a single hydraulic line 36 is supplied, a storage container 37 being provided as a return device is. However, any type of spring mechanism can also be used. Preferably -the The closing movement of the movable gripping arm 33 is regulated by the storage container 37. The closing force occurs in this case elastically and can affect different relative positions of tree and Adjust hook 11.

The frame of the loading boom 10 is provided with a downwardly projecting stop device 38 for provided the logs that allow a log to be lifted completely off the ground in order to to be able to place it more precisely on the tree support 12, their structure and mode of operation in the following is explained.

The tree support 12 or trunk support is pivotable at the rear end of the frame 39 of the Towing vehicle 13 attached. This log support serves to keep the logs on the surface 40 of the To fasten the vehicle. It has a carrier 41 which extends across the vehicle, and on this is attached by two crank arms 42, each around a not shown, horizontal pivot point are rotatable. The carrier 41 is moved by two hydraulic cylinders 43, the fixed ends of which at 44 are pivotally mounted on the frame 39, while the movable piston rods 45 at 46 are articulated to the crank arms.

In this way, the carrier 41 can be raised (dashed) or lowered by means of the hydraulic cylinder 43.

This movement of the log support serves two purposes: In the lowered position, a spring preloaded chain, not shown, can be placed over the load, which is then pressed against the chain by lifting the log support and thus held in place. On the other hand, when the chain is released, the carrier 41 can be raised enough to pull mandrels or points 47 of the support out of the logs so that as the vehicle advances, the logs can slide towards the earth.

A self-propelled caterpillar vehicle is used as the vehicle. The vehicle is provided with a conventional engine 48 , which has a conventional transmission with clutch, shift lever 49 and differential and steering lever 50 . The control devices 51 for driving the vehicle and the controls for the hydraulic cylinders 23 for raising the boom, the cylinders 43 for raising and lowering the log support and the cylinder 31 for operating the gripping device are also located within the driver's cab 52 near the driver's seat 53 front part of the vehicle.

The chassis used is a conventional "Bombardier Muskeg" chassis which has a plurality of chain support wheels 55, a driven sprocket 56, a chain 57 which rests on the wheels and the drive wheel, and a frame 58 which runs on each side of the vehicle is provided.

Both the driver's cab 52 and the trunk support 12 are rigidly attached to the vehicle frame. Furthermore, a support 58 is firmly attached to the surface 40 of the vehicle.

In the case of a self-loading towing vehicle, the payload is a »C-unit«. The loading time was found to be 25 seconds per trunk. The maximum trunk radius was about 6 m at a speed of about 90 m / min. The lifting force at the maximum radius was 680 kp and the pulling force was 454 kp. The net weight of the vehicle was 4050 kg, while the hydraulic system used was an open system with about 100 kg / cm ² .

During operation, the vehicle is brought lengthways next to or close to the logs to be loaded. The loading boom is then moved by raising or lowering by means of the lifting cylinder or by rotating by means of the pivoting device or both in such a way that the grapple is in the vicinity of the felled tree. Then the gripping device is operated in such a way that it grips the trunk, whereupon the loading boom is operated again and the trunk is lifted from the ground, the trunk end resting against the stop, and being brought into its correct position on the trunk support. This process is continued until the collecting device A is completely loaded. Then the vehicle with the logs that have been dragged along is driven to the processing site. The trees are usually placed perpendicular to the road, so that a processing machine can drive along the road perpendicular to the trees and process them.

In the F i g. 2 and 3 a further embodiment of the invention is shown. In this embodiment, a telescopic device is used as the loading boom 210 , which has a fixed section 215 and a plurality of movable sections. As in Fig. 2, the loading boom consists of three movable sections 216, 217 and 218. The guiding device for the loading boom is represented by rollers 219, 220 and 221 , which are mounted in low-friction bearings and in rails 222, 223 and 224 in the middle of section 215 run along loading frame 225 . The control device consists of a pull-in cable 226 which runs over a double winch drum 227 and retracts the sections 216, 217 and 218. Furthermore, three extension cables 228, 229 and 230 are provided which run over pulleys 231, 232 and 233 which are connected to the movable sections 216, 217 and 218 , respectively, in order to extend them. The winch 227 for the cable is driven by a hydraulic motor 234 via a reduction gear, not shown, which is accommodated in the winch drum. The winch 227 and the motor 234 are attached to the front end of the fixed section 215. Furthermore, a reel for the hydraulic line is attached to the front end of the boom 215.

The telescopic boom is used because this type of boom has the rear End radius reduced, so that a vehicle with greater mobility is created, which is in mixed forests or can be used with partial impact.

The loading boom is raised using two hydraulically operated, double-acting cylinders 236. The lower ends of the two cylinders 236 each lead to a universal joint 237 on the turntable 238 of the driver's cab 239. The piston rod 240 of the hydraulic cylinder 236 is attached with a universal joint 241 to the front part of the fixed section 215 of the loading boom. The loading boom can rotate about a point 242 on a frame 243 , the base of which is attached to the turntable 238. The pivot point 242 is approximately in the middle of the vehicle. Due to the pivotable mounting of the cylinders 236 and the fastening of the support 243 , the cylinders 236 can act as lateral struts in the event of lateral loads on the cargo boom.

Because the lift cylinders 236 are at the front end of the boom 210 and the pivot point 242 is near the end of the fixed section 215 , there is more space than the loading area. This arrangement also gives greater stability and reduces the torque acting on the frame. Furthermore, the loading boom can be better controlled due to the larger cylinder stroke. In addition, the piston rod 240 is under tensile stress and not under compressive stress, which is a structural advantage.

The gripping device 211 of the loading boom is the same as already described in connection with FIG. 1 was described. It has a hydraulically operated gripper with a fixed and a movable gripper arm. It is rotatably mounted at 244 on the moveable portion of the cargo boom so that the grapple can be better brought in one direction with the log. All hydraulic lines 245 for the gripper are located within the loading boom and are wound onto the reel 235. The rotary movement of the gripping device increases the efficiency of the loading boom because

309 5Π / 6

Easier adjustment or alignment with the trunk can be achieved.

The trunk is mounted on a turntable 238 of the vehicle. The frame 243 is directly with connected to the turntable. The pivot point 242 is so that the minimum radius of the boom on The frame 243, together with the telescopic loading boom 210 and the lifting cylinders 236 provide effective protection for the operator 246. The operator rotates together with the loading boom and therefore always keeps an eye on the gripper 211.

The turntable 238 sits on a transverse bearing 249 that is movable to either side of the vehicle is. This movement is caused by a cable 250 which goes around the outer ring 251 of the bearing 249 is lying around and is operated by two hydraulic cylinders 252. This way is a good one Control of the swivel movement possible.

The operator 246 sits in his cabin 239 on a swivel chair 247, which with a Seat belt 248 is provided between a front control panel 253 for the hydraulics and a rear control panel 254 for the hydraulics. When charging, the operator turns on his Chair around to the gripper 211 and to the rear control panel, which controls the tailgate for the log support and for the vehicle movements. When towing, the operator looks in the opposite direction and sits in front the front control panel 253, which only provides the facility for vehicle movements and the engine contains.

The trunk support 212 of the trunk device A ₁ contains a tubular cross member 255 which is rigidly attached to a crank arm 256 which is rotatably mounted in a pivot point 257 at the end of the turntable 258. This crank arm 256 can be raised and lowered with the aid of a hydraulic cylinder 259. One end of the hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected at 260 to one end of the turntable of the log support, while the piston rod 261 is pivotally attached to the crank arm at 262. The carrier 255 is provided with a plurality of rows of spikes or points 263 which point upwards when the log support is in the loading position in which the logs 264 are to be loaded. Furthermore, a spring-pretensioned chain 265 is attached to the rotary disk 258 in front of the fastening point of the carrier. The logs 264 are secured to the support 212 by lifting the support 255, thereby pressing the logs 264 against the spring biased chain 265 so that the tips 262 penetrate the logs. When the carrier 255 is raised to the position shown in phantom, the tips 262 are withdrawn from the logs 264 so that they can slide off the vehicle as it moves forward. The entire log support is arranged on a turntable which rotates on a rotary head 266 which is attached to the vehicle frame and which can be provided with means for controlling the rotary movement.

The log support 212 effectively holds the logs in place. Because it is rotatably attached to the vehicle, there is better mobility of the vehicle.

The vehicle is designed as a self-propelled caterpillar vehicle. The drive is hydrostatic with a pump 267 with separate flow paths and two drive motors 268, each of which one is provided for a caterpillar. The motors are directly connected to the drive sprockets 269's Vehicle connected. Determining the driving speed off-road and on the road can be done either by switching the motors from parallel to series operation or by pumps or Motors with variable throughput are made. The engines are from both the front and the rear control panel 253 or 254 regulated by a hydraulic fine control. As a motor for propulsion The hydraulic pump uses a flat power unit 270 that is located under the front end of the turntable 266 of the trunk support 212 is housed.

Each caterpillar drive consists of rear drive wheels 269, four support wheels 271, 272, 273 each and 274 and a front idler wheel 275. The support wheels are each rotatable on individual axes 276, 277, 278 and 279 attached. Each axle is through a crank arm 280 with a torsion suspension connected, consisting of an outer tube 281 attached to the chassis, one attached to the crank arm concentrically lying inner rod 282 and an elastic material 283, which the inner rod connects to the outer tube. As shown, there are two of the support wheels, namely the wheels 274 and 273 behind the suspension points, while the other support wheels 272 and 271 in front of theirs Suspension points.

The idler wheel 275 is also mounted on an independent axle 284 which is rotatable in a crank arm 285 which is pivotally connected at 286 to the chassis. the The tensioning device for the caterpillar tracks consists essentially of a longitudinal one Screw 287 with a nut 288. If the nut is turned further on the screw, the The tension of the crawler belt can be adjusted.

Because of the special structure and the interaction of the various parts of the caterpillar drive The vehicle is particularly suitable for working in the timber industry. The caterpillars 289 consist of a rubber belt with steel inserts.

In operation, the vehicle is driven backwards to the impact area, the operator turning around in his seat so that he is facing the direction of travel looks. When he is in the right position with his vehicle, the cargo boom will by adjusting the telescopic sections, by raising or lowering by means of the Lifting cylinder or by turning the turntable brought into the correct position near the logs. Then the gripper is actuated and the trunk is lifted from the ground, the end of the trunk against the stop 290 comes to the plant. The log is then placed on the log support. The front end of the trunk lies against a front stop 291 of the trunk support, which is also on the Turntable is attached. When a layer of logs is placed side by side on the cross member the spring-loaded chain is placed over the logs and fastened. Afterward the cross member is raised until the logs

must be held firmly. Then a plurality of stems are formed in this way Surface placed. The operator then turns his chair so that he is as in the drawing looks ahead and drives the vehicle forward,

pulling the trunks behind. When the vehicle has arrived at the processing point, the chain is loosened, the cross member is raised and the vehicle moves under the 5 Load away.

1 sheet of drawings

Claims (15)

Patent claims: 1. Self-propelled vehicle for backing tree trunks, characterized in that that it is intended as a self-loading vehicle and, in combination, comprises: 1. one variable in length and around a vertical and horizontal axis swiveling loading boom (10,210), 2. a movable gripper (11, 211) attached to the end of the loading boom (11, 210) for Detecting the tree trunks lying on the ground and loading the tree trunks onto the vehicle, 3. a stop (38, 92) on the loading boom (10, 210) at a distance from the gripper is arranged and on which the tree trunks grasped by the gripper (11, 211) rest during loading, 4. one that can be pivoted about a vertical axis independently of the loading boom (10, 210), overlay (12, 212) attached to the vehicle and 5. a retaining device (42, 256, 263) for the tree trunks on the support (12, 212). 2. Vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the loading boom (210) is telescopic is formed and a fixed section (215) and two or more movable sections (216, 217, 218) has the gripper (211) at the outer end of the outermost section (217) is attached that the sections (216, 217, 218) telescopically in the fixed Section (215) are arranged and that the telescopic boom (210) and the support and retaining means (212) for the load rotatable about its vertical axis on a base plate (260) are arranged on the vehicle. 3. Vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the loading boom (210) has a vertical support (22, 243), a stationary one which is articulated on it so that it can be swiveled up and down Section (15, 215), a plurality of sections movable relative to one another in the longitudinal direction (14, 216, 217, 218), which can be telescoped in the fixed section are arranged, and has a plurality of guide rollers (16, 219, 220, 221) which are fixed to the. and are provided on each of the movable sections and the movement of the movable Support and guide sections with each other and in relation to the fixed section. 4. Vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that the telescopically into one another slidable sections are connected by cables (226, 228, 229, 230) which on one or several take-up rolls, which form a winch (227), wound up and on one End of the sections are attached, with the winch drum on the fixed section is appropriate. 5. Vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the gripper (11, 211) has a having a fixed gripper arm and a movable gripper arm, which by a hydraulic device are interconnected. 6. Vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that the hydraulic device has a Has storage container which is connected so that it has a resilient closing force the gripper arms of the gripper (11) normally creates a closed position. 7. Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the gripper (11, 211) a fixed, preferably sickle-shaped gripper arm (32) and an articulated one on the has a fixed arm, preferably crescent-shaped movable gripper arm (33), which can be actuated by a hydraulic cylinder (31) via a storage container (37) is. 8. Vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that upon actuation of the hydraulic cylinder the movable arm can be pivoted away from the fixed arm and the movable one Arm towards the fixed arm through the hydraulic storage tank is biased. 9. Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the telescopic Loading boom (210) compulsory and controllable around its vertical axis on a turntable (238) of the vehicle is pivotable. 10. Vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ' Support (12, 212) is pivotally mounted on the vehicle about a vertical axis. 11. Vehicle according to claim 10, characterized in that the support is a movable one Part (256, 263, 42) for selectively holding the tree trunks on the same. 12. Vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the support (12, 212) a base plate, one pivotable about a horizontal axis, at the rear end of the Base plate attached crank arm (42, 256), hydraulic cylinder (43, 259) for pivoting the Crank arm, a cross member (41, 255) attached to the free end of the crank arm, which on a portion is provided with generally upwardly directed tips (47, 263), and one Has holding device (265) for the loaded tree trunks. 13. Vehicle according to claim 12, characterized in that the base plate (258) around a vertical axis is pivotably mounted that on the base plate (258) is under spring tension standing chain (265) is attached and that the cross member (255) with thorns or points (263) is provided. 14. Vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stop (290) is attached to the loading boom at a distance from the grapple (211) and together with this a pair of points of attack lying at a distance from one another along the tree trunk forms. 15. Vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stop (290) rigidly on a section of the cargo boom which is pivotably attached to the vehicle is attached and depends on it.