DE1481925A1 - Hovercraft and rotary compressor usable for this - Google Patents

Description

148192B

■■ ■ t "*

, Olouoeeter, UK

and for » the ··» usable rotation compressor ''.

'''P
The Br ^ n ^ mf sAc ^ on an air vehicle with me

a "RotRtionskompreeaor sur Erzeu ^ un,? one Lifting and / or Voydrive force, eowie- on a particularly » but not exclusively applicable for this purpose Rota ^ tionekoitpreeaor

To change the Hubbaw. Propulsive force, it is necessary to change the delivery rate and the delivery pressure of the compressor. This change can be made by changing the drive speed of the compressor. This change has, among other things, the disadvantage that the _; rotating system de »hovercraft also in rotation» ·! must work in a pay-off manner. in which Besonanzeraoheinungen. appear. DJLes iet especially the case when the propulsion of the propeller is done by a propeller that is driven by the same engine as the lifting force, generating the rotary compressor, a change in the lifting force by changing the speed of the rotary compressor would have a change This resulted in the speed of the propeller and an operation of the propeller in undesired resonance ranges was unavoidable, apart from the disadvantage that with every change in the lifting force there would also be a change in the propulsive force.

According to the invention, these "tile parts are avoided" in that the rotor of the rotary piston compressor has adjustable "blades, whereby an adjustment of the sight" fine an increase or decrease in the delivery pressure and

BAD ORiCiMAL

* ■ »... * ■■ ■

.ι ..: ■ ■■! # ■■ it-

the delivery rate stir 741 «· M *. The Rota * ion9ko «9 #« * S6r can thus be driven at constant speed, The Orebaabl in a Be * e & eb> f «l # f * w« know, in which there are no reonsults> eeeinünfen

Bueanunensetzt, the fixed part

every shovel

can be shaped in such a way that side edges converge on the outside of the compressor, while the edges of the pivotable part are parallel to each other »

Another possibility for changing the delivery rate and the Pürderdruoke is to change the blading of the rotary coupler Schaufθ! Winkel winkel »whereby each blade is arranged so that it can be swiveled on the compressor rotor and is parallel Has side edges. However, it is also possible for only part of each blade to be pivotable, with the fixed standing part is shaped so that its side edges converge towards the outlet of the compressor and in dsm fixed part is an opening / orgeaehen in dor

badorighA-9Ö9844 / 0030

The compressor can be designed as a centrifugal compressor or as a compressor. If it is a # 4 ^{n # n} ^ Z «ntrifugal compressor, it can be used as a blade ;: j [air flowing through a predetermined wink ·! «« L- ■, / ',

• ■. ϊ-r '; J- '■ ·;' i-

see the intake and the forward side de «Kompv ··· or · _:

Di · Change in delivery rate and delivery pressure ·· j can be done in that the blades have a variable curvature, with each blade off one that is fixed in relation to the compressor rotor Part and a part that can be swiveled forward in relation to this

dor SohaufOt eehwenkbar arranged, lot, i like opening roobtottkigen cross section and side edges parallel to each other.

have dl 8oneufela wprsugowolee a carrying '

chews through a pro ^ er | r «o ^ OdOr u4torotöt« t irtkrdoo, dor alo Veretell-

educated, “tad sound of the same power machine ►iriOben fine, dor tof knew »tiOneko« preeeor.

ÜltlonakOBvroOOOk ', desaon yerderaenge and promotional.

> toe VoiAe ^ rtitit der Drive # b »d * ehaehl changeable '

^ on; other Oebioten -SiIt advantage be used, p «« sirfoyre »oitloht eich Λ * ο * tfindung auoh auf eiÜioä Aotatioaeici» anirooOo ^ _t the »ari'inHifngogoiäfl a more,« »!» '▼ οη shovels open, vo «dettAnet all or some fetetehen part uttd eiiien h artt pivotable

Part have _r around the bulge od * i 4en ätoigucgc angle of the fled EU change »oo ■ '*** in operation a recovery tnif) £ ,. odar reduction in Fttrdo ^ | pifw | ^ o and dOe ^ Förttor »- print at koneta ^ i ^ r, antriebe4relwahl ereeglkoht> lrd,

Three details of the invention are presented explained in more detail with reference to the drawings, Bo ao

Fig. 1 shows a similar page

FahrmougOo eijt an er · ton ExecutionforiJ | oVor Bt · - ^ht "" finding, whereby an elnal «·· ientrifugaigeblalie Mm lifting the · Ffliraeugee ie ·« ■ ''^Λ>'■''

2 a echeeuitlloae Aneloht dOO GtebXM ···, da · in ' ^: - -Fig. 1 use! lot, * '■ / ^' > ^ - ,; ■■ ·;

fe

909834/0030

BATH

3 shows a cross section approximately along the line ZXZ-IIII in Fig. 2,

Flg. 4 a cross-section of the side of the in FIG. th blower and part of the blading.

5 is a view in the direction of the arrows V in FIG. 4; Fig. 6 is an amazing view of a fan in one

■ Worlds of execution.

... · '■■■ »■ Fig. 7 its cross section la essentially along the line

never VII-VII in FIg, 6,

Flg. 8 · ίά · sohtinatlso view of a third version. '* - ■■ - dee blowers, and. '-' ■■■ -, · ■■ ·. ·. ■

Fig. ^ A section essentially along the line £ X ~ XX

B · Bsi SU next on Fig. 1 beBUggenomiaen ₍ in which a Luli'tkleiienfehrseug 11 is shown let / the "ine cabin • lirie" äb ^ tlrse 13 "u" d S) UiM 'Rotatlonskos) pres.eor in the form • Ines k * internal fan has 1%, the usi a substantially equal axis is rotatable. The vehicle will

aB ^ Urbine 15 driven by a VeI-jinen propeller 16 »The drive shaft of the J ^ blttsss, 14 is driven by the Volle 17 through a bevel gear» gs ^ tr ^ be 20. The gas turbine 15 thus drives both the propeller 16 and the fan Ik . The pitch of the Sohajgfe.ln of the propeller \ 6 can be changed by a manually operated " _aa J ^ jH" direction.

The 1 £ lnlal} 21 of the fan 14 is arranged above and is tte ^ & e'eohaufelung 22 is designed so that it passes through deiTifeiniafl '"" 21 inflowing air by 90 ° to the outlet 23 directs. The air emerging from the outlet 23 of the fan

90983A / 0030 bad original

U81925

enters a chamber Zk and is fed to the skirt 13 for lifting the vehicle: Ln in the usual way. The propeller 16 generates the thrust energy for moving the vehicle over the ground or over water,

Reference is now made to FIGS. The Gi.bläee wheel 14 * contains eight tooth blades 25 n of which only nine in three groups A1 "B1 and" Cl in Fig _t 2 are shown, each blade consists of a ?, compared to the Oe bläsnrad iV fixed main part 26 which the front part of the blade picture interference, and a rear part anechlisssenden thereto .27 ο of doing an axis 27a relative to the main part 26 can be pivoted, from üia Fij; "3 it clear, the konvergieran Haupi ·· parts 2 *> radially outwards , while the side edges of the movable parts 25 are parallel to each other and run closely between parallel surfaces of the fan housing, Since the rear part of each blade 25 is adjustable relative to the main part 26, the curvature of each blade as a whole and thus the outlet blade angle is variable

As shown in Figures k and 5; each rear part 27 is adjusted by a control device 28 "which is arranged within the hub 29 of the fan wheel 1h ¹ The hub 29 is connected in a suitable manner" to the part of the fan that carries the blades icbtung 28 is hydraulically by manually generated by the pilot signals operated, the control lever of the pilot is directly connected to a spool 30 coaxially aur in Na ■ * ■■ b ^ 29 axis of rotation 31 is arranged of the Gsbläaerades and two isolated & longitudinal channels 32 and 33 contains "Dar channel 32 is connected to Ernest Einlaßsnschlaß 3 ^ · _t is supplied through hydraulic Druckf.lüsnigkait dan.

90983A / 0030

.. 6 ORIGINAL BATHROOM

The channel 33 is connected to an outlet connection 35 which extends to a container (not shown). By means of a pump, not shown, hydraulic pressure fluid is conveyed from the container eum inlet connection Jk.

The spool 30 has four shoulders 36,37 _f 38 and 39. The channel 32 opens into the lying between the shoulders 37 and 38 the annular space and the channel 33 opens into the two annular spaces respectively between the shoulders 36 and 37, 38 and 39 The piston slide 30 is axially displaceable in the piston 44 of a servomotor 45. When represent spool 30 is in the _c shown in Figure 4 the neutral position _P close the shoulders 37 and 38, prepared holes 40 and 41 in the piston 44 from _s. dia to chambers 42 and 43 on the top and bottom of the piston '44 _{lead 0} The cylinder 46 of the servo motor 45 forms part of the hub 29 and extends over the end wall 47 also down in the drawing, where ar .Lagerstellan for two transversely arranged Ksgal wheels 48 'and 49 forms; which are in singular engagement with a bevel gear 50 _r whose Νεόβ 6θ is mounted coaxially to the axis of rotation 31 in bearings 51 and 52 ο

The hubs 53 and 34 of the bevel gears 48 and 49 are rotatable eui "'of a support axle © 55 and their neighboring one another Ends are each with a sprocket 56 baw 57 ver saw that they both engage in teeth 58 of the piston rod 59 of the servo piston 44, which is designed as a toothed rack

A coupling flange 61 is fastened below the bearing 52 on the hub 60 of the bevel gear 50. This Kuppelflansch 6 \ has eighteen points of attachment to _r each one of which rod 62 au * a crank 63 performs ,, with

909834/0030 ¹ ^ ^0R1G1 ^

de * uUiiteren part 27, a shovel 25 connected let. At the ends of the rod <> * are ball joints 64 brw. 65 narrow

· ■., '"· * ■ ...
arranges. '

• 4 ⁴ ■ ■. . ·

If the pilot distributes the flow of the air blower 14 during the operation of the Luftklaaenfahr- ■ fugea 11 "411", among other things, the feeder pressure and deals the feeder arm jgl ^ tilndOrnk, he slides the piston lobe over 30 tumblers over the "8" DruokflUeelgkeit ▼ on diü KeAeI 32 through the drilling * f * 0 or 41 in the Kee ~ «tr 4] | or% 3 _r while the Keenef, which is not pressurized, is brewed through the channel 33 and the AuelaOaneohlufl 35 »it deej container Bevel gears ^ 8 and 4p _t> so that a rotation of the bevel gears $ 0 and

Ku ^ elflaneohe 61 takes place in the devouted Riohtung, ^ he ^ Dome lane oh £ 1 duroh the 8tangen 62 hurry to all Sohauf elteile 27 are bound, ^ erx.Tigt. an adjustment all these parts are troubled by what makes everyone feel uncomfortable 8ohaufeln and thus the delivery rate of the Oebltteea rerandart.

If the divided bucket ventilation is reached let, 1st The piston. 44 in the position in which the channels 4o and covered by ^ the abhultern 37 and 38 bind, eodaO a further movement of the piston is unettglioh maoht and let the servomotor be hydraulically blocked. The pilot of the Luftkieeenfahrzeugee can aleo through the corresponding movement an adjusting lever the exercise of the Sohaufein 4 ·· 0 · - Change the blower to increase the blower and add the lift effect to the blower or to select “reduce”. rend the Qeb.Täee and the propeller old in weeentlioben

909634/0030

$ 148,192

rotate at a constant speed. Bine. Change of '', The delivery rate and the feed pressure of the exhaust is aleo i achieved without changing the speed of the interconnected fan and propeller. That way it can rotating Byetorc of the hovercraft always with a Speed run at which no resonances in the propeller may occur. This would not be the case if a change in the fan output were only required by changing the on triebsdrehzfchl, because with a change in the drive speed of the fan, the propeller was neidlioh get into speed ranges where undesirable Resonances- i * i propellers were occurring.

In Fig. 2 the blades of group A1 are in the normal middle position, those of group B1 in the position ₍ in which the lowest delivery rate is achieved, and those of group CI ifci in the position in which the greatest delivery rate

By arranging such a blower with variable WB movement, i.e. variable blade opening angle and its use in hovercraft,

■ 'i L

nen the thrust of the fan and the thrust of the propeller be changed for themselves, so there is no mutual relationship Drawing between their operational characteristics, there is a change in the angle of rotation or the curvature one has little or no influence on the end rSn bat »

In the above-described Aueführungsbelspiel are no ^'1 TeS it stationary guide vanes around the periphery of Geangeordnet.

909834/0030 bad original

The propulsion of the hovercraft over the ground or a water surface is achieved by a corresponding change: the pitch of the propeller blades reaches _P whereby the propeller speed of the propeller naturally remains constant, because it is driven by the same gear unit as the fan U: from the gas turbine 15.

Ss Referring now to FIG, 6 and 7, in which the second embodiment is shown, the ± n reference corresponds to the arrangement in the hovercraft and in relation to the control means for the adjustment of the blades with the first Ausführungsbeiapiel. However, while the front 'in the first embodiment, each of achtaahn blades of a fixed and a] vorschwenkbaren rear part consists _p converges each blade 125 of the Gebläseradee 114 radially ausβcn against the outlet of the blower to and is a rectangular opening 126 in, each blade between the converge ■ · the edges provided - in which a rectangular, swiveling blade part 127 is inserted. The blade part has an airfoil profile and can be pivoted about the axis 127a relative to the fixed part 128 of the blade. In this way, the pitch of the blades is variable, while maintaining the desirable converging vane shape.

In Figure 6, nine blades in three groups A2 _P B2 and C2 are again shown, wherein the three blades of the group A2 are in their center position, in which the Tel Ie with the almost stationary parts 128 of the blades are aligned 127, The three blades of the group B2 are in the La ge of the smallest delivery rate, in which the pivotable parts 127 at the largest possible angle with respect to the

^ - 10 «

909834/0030

BATH ORIGINAL

fixed Teilon (28 are pivoted and each other

almost touch. The group C2 drai blades are in the position - the largest delivery rate, whereby the pivotable parts 127 oo relative to the fixed parts 128 are pivoted that they are the greatest possible distance between sioh have.

As in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 5, the movable ones Share 127 the potting with a hydraulic actuated control device in the blower hub, so that alia swiveling can be pivoted,

The third "embodiment" shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 corresponds to the first and second-tone version "* ·· example again with regard to the installation in the hovercraft and with regard to the control device for the blading. Instead of pivoting a blade part, a supply dex complete blades 225 is provided. The blades 225 are formed in one piece and, among other things, an axle 225a is attached to the support ring 226 of the fan aoracles 214 so that they can pivot edges of the blades 225 are parallel to each other and awl see parallel walls 227 and 228 arranged in the fan housing "the inner periphery 329 provide the support ring 22.6 1st with ainem curved deflector 230 st with a ring 231: sammenw; irkt which _t from. d-ar wall 228 extends, whereby sin throttled Ruckströmlcanal 232 ge is formed. The wall 228 is spaced a small distance from the top edge of the blades 225.

During operation, the air is sucked in through the Sinl £ .3 233 ind through dia Be look falling radially outwards under pressure

~ 11

909834/0030

BATH ORIGINAL

gouged out, pin part of the euegestosaenen air can Jedοoh Huron the space BWiHeh the blades 225 and the wall 22B and through the Rtloketrömltanal 232 get to the entrance side of the blading. This recirculation of Lüft ffestattet a relatively large effective diffusion of air containing Durohströmen the blading, eodafi a higher etatletisoher Druok on the Auetritteeelte dee Oeblaeee is obtained * This 1st ee uttgiioh _t elne blading tiijj ^ jrallelen side edges and a Leltgehause with parallel walls bu vfc ^

6 are the blades of group A3 in their co-position, those of group B3 in the position of the fe'rl'ngüen '"VUrdentenge and those of group 03 in the division of the largest amount of passengers. In the previous examples, the blades of the "Oebläeeradee ft \ k " are connected to a hydraulically operated control device in the Oebiäeenebe, so that the adjustment of all levels can be done Gtebläee »can be changed by the pilot. Without the Aatriebedrehsiahl the GeblKses and the pro pellers bu alleviate.

In the previous execution sessions, all ' SonauYelh adjusted jointly. Ke let Jedooh auoh mSgilch, date for some of the scoops. The adjustment of the blades can also be done without Electric smell or pneumatic means instead of the applied hydraulic means succeed. ', whereby naturally auoh Let any combination of these means conceivably. In the exemplary embodiments described, the hovercraft has our a compressor to raise the driving bend. Selbstveretttad lent also know ewel or several Koivpreesoren in one

- 12 -

909834/0030

BATH ORIGINAL

such vehicle be positioned * In these cases, the vehicle can have a different setting of the fan ~ promotion means of correspondingly designed control lever minor changes in position with respect to the surface over dl · _t it proceeds are achieved.

While in the exemplary embodiments shown, the propulsion is achieved by a controllable pitch propeller, a propeller with an invariable pitch; can be used or the propulsion can be achieved by a further compressor or under-bagged »which is arranged in a correspondingι Leltgehäuse. Ss 1st AUOH possible that the, same compressor which serves to raise the vehicle, supplies pressurized air "to advance and in that case the compressor would be relatively gjroB and were vereehen with ent speaking louvers _r u give the necessary Doppelfeweckförderung *. p ± & Erfittj ^ t "^ ift seeking not to the use of 2entrifugalkompreseoren _r limited as in other versions Ax | .alkomjpressoren variable curvature or variable pitch successfully usable. _:

Compressors Die'vorsiehend described but Brneu ^ ung a LüftsirÜmung to raise a hovercraft * are 'not _r limited to this application but also for other purposes usable. They can also be used to convey gases other than air and liquids.

Patent claims "

909834/0030

BATH ORIGINAL

Claims (1)

Claims 1. Hovercraft with at least one rotary compressor to generate a lifting and / or propulsive force, indicated that the rotor (iVjiiU, 214) of the compressor (14) adjustable blades (25, 125,295), with an adjustment of the blades fine increasing or decreasing the delivery rate and d «s FBrderdruoke of the compressor at constant Rotordrehxahl has the consequence. 2. ' Hovercraft NaOH claim 1 «gekennzeichiet by the compressor (Ik) daae a Zentrifugalkompressur i 's ¥ _t the vanes (25» 125 ♦ 225) deflect the air flowing through a predetermined angle between the suction side (21) and the Fördersoite (23) . 3, hovercraft according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that indicates ^ that the curvature of the blades (25) is variable, each blade (25) in relation to one another on the rotor (14 *) fixed part (26) and one has opposite this pivotable part (27). k . Hovercraft: according to claim 3 »characterized in that the fixed part (26) of each blade (25) is shaped so that its side edges converge towards the discharge (23) of the compressor, while the rare edges of the movable part (27) are parallel to one another Hovercraft according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the blades (125 »225) are fastened wholly or partly rotatably to the rotor (114,214) of the compressor for the purpose of changing the slope -BADORiGlNAt 909834/0030 —— 1481926 in 6. Hovercraft -according to claim 5 »thereby marked ~ shows that the blades (225) have mutually parallel side edges " 7. Hovercraft according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that means (23C _p 23i) are provided to reclaim part of the air conveyed by the compressor (21 * t) into the air inlet (233) of the Komprsseoro 8- hovercraft according to claim 5 * characterized in that each blade (125) has a stationary one Part (128) has such a foria that its side elements converge towards the outlet (12'J) of the Konspressoro <, and that in the fixed part (128) its opening (126) is vo-rgoseh & ri, in the ain movable part (127) is arranged to be pivotable. .9 ° Luftkiaseni'ahriBoug according to claim I) ₀ characterized in that the opening (ΐ £ δ) is rectangular and the movable Schaufo.if * .®il (127) to one?} The ptirallole rare edges aiifvjerist., 10, hovercraft »complies with one of the preceding claims o thereby gökcniiüsaielrnot" that eil ο Scha ^ i'oln (23, 125 ο 223) ®in T-jointed profile haboia ·. α Luftkisseni'ahraewg Jaach siaieci der vorhei'gehöjiCien claims, g @! i. <Bnnza ± ohxw & by a snanuoll batätigba ■ re hydraulic! s «ha Staiisrainrichtung (28) rur gfir.Jöins adjustment of all movable axi blades (225) or blade parts ( 27 »127-)« 909834/0030 bad original 12. Hovercraft right to claim 11, characterized, that the control device in the hub (29) dee compressor rotors is arranged. 13. Hovercraft naoh claim 11 or 12 _f thereby gekennzeichnetr dafl the control device (28) a sequence servo motor 0 * 5) with a piston (Mi), a 'Has cylinder (46) and a piston valve (30), whereby the piston rod (ü9) with a dome lane oh (61) has the extension of Antriebevei, which is associated with all movable blades (22b; or Sohaufelteile (27 »187) connected 1st. \ km hovercraft according to claim 13 "marked-rewarded" that the Bolbenn active (59) with the coupling flange (6i) through a rack and pinion gear (56,57,58) is connected, which the linear movement of the piston rod (59) in a rotational movement of the coupling flange (61) converts. 15, Luftkieeenfahreeug according to Aivspruch 13 "thereby ffokennseiebnetc that the servo cylinder (46) is coaxial to the axis of rotation" (31) of the compressor rotor and the piston slide (30) is arranged axially displaceable in the sex * vokolbQn (hk) and has a pressure flow channel (32) 'that in the servo piston {hk) bores (4O _t 4i provided slnd _f which upon displacement of the Kolboneohie''bere (30) the top or bottom of the ^ Servokol · bens (kk) with the 7 <afluQkanal (32) in connection and when the desired position of the piston (hk) is reached, it is covered again by the piston sole borehole (30) 909834/0030 16. Luftkieeenfahreeug to, one of the, previous An ·· eprüohe, characterized in that the Vd'tirieb dee Pahreeugea is forced or underatUtBt by a propeller (16). 17t LuftkleeenfahrBeug after Aneprueh 16, thereby kfnn- »elthntt; that the slope of the propallerä (16) can be changed. . '. ^; 10 "LuftkleeenfahrBeug according to Anepruoh 16 or 17" ; - aelohnat by a geaielneiuiia Kraftiaaeohitte (151 daa propeller * (16) and dee or 4er llotätiona- 19 »RotationekoBjpreeeor inebeeondere sur Breeu | (unff one Bub force for lifting the ears, by opening a plurality of shovels (85,125), some or all of which have an ire | rant over the & «Apreaaorrotor (i4 ·» 11 **) featatehanden part (26j 128) There is a fluctuating part (27,127) here> do the Vttlbun * or the Etelgungewinkel darjSohau- , -: - ^ tn (85,125) and since the POrderdruok and the PtSrdermange dee Koaipreeeore with Konatanter Antrlobadreh- to. Rotatlonekoa ^ reeeör naoh Aneprüch 19, daduireh geicenn- \ "leans, the featatehende part (26.128) Dafi Each <fcthAufel (25 · ItS) ao geforat iat that a 8eitankanten ttftftn the Aualaa (23.123) dei L ^ aproaeore con- V «r» * ieren _{for the} Beltenkanten de * bevegllchen · TfilM (27 * 187) »uainandar parallel Bind * 9ΟΟΘ3Α / 003Ο. BATH ORIGINAL 21. Rotary compressor according to claim 19 »characterized in that the almost standing part (128) of each blade (125) let shaped so that its side cantons against converge towards the discharge (123) of the compressor, and has an opening (i26) in which the movable Part (127) is arranged to be pivotable ο 22. Rotary compressor according to claim 21, characterized in that the opening (126) is rectangular and the movable part (12?) has parallel side edges. 23. Rotary compressor according to one of claims 19 to 22. characterized in that the blades (25 »125) have a wing profile » 909834/0030 Λ * 'Blank page