DE1479239A1 - Process for joining structures made of thermoplastics under the influence of heat - Google Patents

Process for joining structures made of thermoplastics under the influence of heat

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Publication number
DE1479239A1
DE1479239A1 DE19651479239 DE1479239A DE1479239A1 DE 1479239 A1 DE1479239 A1 DE 1479239A1 DE 19651479239 DE19651479239 DE 19651479239 DE 1479239 A DE1479239 A DE 1479239A DE 1479239 A1 DE1479239 A1 DE 1479239A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
heat
radiation
wave radiation
absorber
influence
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DE19651479239
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German (de)
Inventor
Glaeser Dr Friedrich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hoechst AG
Original Assignee
Hoechst AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hoechst AG filed Critical Hoechst AG
Publication of DE1479239A1 publication Critical patent/DE1479239A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1403—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the type of electromagnetic or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1425—Microwave radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1429—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1435—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. transmission welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1477—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • B29C65/148—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation making use of an absorber or impact modifier placed at the interface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1477—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • B29C65/1483—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation making use of an absorber or impact modifier coated on the article
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1677—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1677—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • B29C65/168—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier placed at the interface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1677—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • B29C65/1683—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier coated on the article
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/305—Decorative or coloured joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1403—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the type of electromagnetic or particle radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
    • B29C65/481—Non-reactive adhesives, e.g. physically hardening adhesives
    • B29C65/4815—Hot melt adhesives, e.g. thermoplastic adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2101/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
    • B29K2101/12—Thermoplastic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037—Other properties
    • B29K2995/005—Oriented

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zum Verbinden von Gebilden aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen unter Wärmeeinfluß Zum Verbinden von Gebilden aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffens insbesondere von Folien, dient neben dem Kleben vornehmlich das Schweißen bzw. das Heißsiegeln. Die zum Schweißen bzw. Heißsiegeln erforderliche Warme wird bei den bekannten Verfahren durch heiße Metallflächen, heiße Gase oder durch ein hochfrequentes elektrisches Wechselfeld zugeführt.Process for joining structures made of thermoplastics Under the influence of heat For joining structures made of thermoplastic plastics In particular of foils, in addition to gluing, welding or the Heat sealing. The heat required for welding or heat sealing is used in the known methods by hot metal surfaces, hot gases or by a high frequency electric alternating field supplied.

Es ist hierbei nachteiligy daß stets größere Materialmengen erwärmt werden, als es zur lierstellung der Verbindung erforderlich wäre. Diese unerwünschte Erwärmung ist bei den bekannten Verfahren nicht vermeidbar. da die Erwärmung der Schweißstelle relativ langsam erfolgt, wobei durch Warmeleitung das der Verbindungsstelle benachbarte Material ebenfalls erwärmt wird. Bei der Erwärmung durch heiße Gase oder heiße Metallflächen muß vielfach die Wärme durch mindestens einen der zu verbindenden Teile hindurch an die Verbindungsstelle gebracht werden. Beim dielektrischen Erwärmen wird das gesamte Material erwärmt, das sich im elektrischen Wechselfeld befindet. Dadurch wird stets zwangsweise Material mit erwärmt, das an der Verbindung nicht unmittelbar beteiligt ist. Da das auf Schweißtemperatur erwärmte Material vielfach schlechtere technologische Eigenschaften hat als das ausgangsmaterial, ist es wünschenswert, die erwärmte Materialmenge auf das unbedingt erforderliche Mindestmaß zu beschränken.It is disadvantageous here that larger amounts of material are always heated than would be required to establish the connection. This undesirable With the known methods, heating cannot be avoided. since the warming of the Welding point takes place relatively slowly, with that of the connection point by heat conduction neighboring Material is also heated. When heated by hot gases or hot metal surfaces Often the heat must pass through at least one of the parts to be connected be brought to the junction. With dielectric heating, that becomes heats all of the material that is in the alternating electric field. Through this the material that is not directly at the connection is always heated is involved. Since the material heated to welding temperature is much worse Has technological properties as the starting material, it is desirable to to limit the amount of heated material to the absolutely necessary minimum.

Es wurde nun ein Verfahren zum Verbinden von Gebilden aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen, insbesondere von Kunststoff-Folien, unter Wärmeeinfluß gefunden, bei dem die Wärmeeinwirkung praktisch ausschließlich auf die Materialmenge beschränkt wird, die zum Herstellen der Verbindung unbedingt erwärmt werden muß. Gemäß der Erfindung wird die erforderliche Wärmeenergie in Form einer elektromagnetischen Wellenstrahlung aufgebracht, deren Wellenlänge außerhalb des Bereichs der gigenabsorption des Materials liegt, durch das die wellenstrahlung die Verbindungsstelle erreichen soll wobel die Energie der elektromagnetischen Wellenstrahlung an der Verbindungsstelle durch einen Absorber in Wärme umgewandelt wird.There has now been a method for joining structures made of thermoplastic Plastics, especially plastic films, found under the influence of heat which the effect of heat is practically limited to the amount of material that must be heated to establish the connection. According to the Invention will provide the required thermal energy in the form of an electromagnetic Wave radiation applied whose wavelength is outside the range of gigenabsorption of the material through which the wave radiation reaches the joint shall wobel the energy of the electromagnetic wave radiation at the junction is converted into heat by an absorber.

Je nach den Eigenschaften des zu verbindenden Materials kann die verwendete elektromagnetische Wellenstrahlung im Wellenlängenbe reich zwischen 0,18 µm und 1 mm, vorzugsweise jedoch zwischen 0, 3 und 13 µm liegen. Es ist dabei zweckmäßig, die Intensität der benutzten Strahlung so hoch zu wählen, daß die Wärmezufuhr sehr rasch erfolgt so daß nur die nächste Umgebung des Absorber durch Wärmeleitung mit erwärmt wird. Dies läßt sich durch räumliche und/ oder zeitliche Konzentration der Strahlung, beiapielaweiae durch Fokussierung oder Blitzbetrieb erreichen. Als besonders geeignet haben sich Strahlungsquellen erwiesen, die nach dem Prinzip der atimulierten Emission arbeiten, und die als Laser oder Mater bekanat sind. Es können jedoch auch Funken oder andere strahlungsquellen verwendet werden, vorausgesetzt, daß ihre Intensitit hinreichend hoch ist.Depending on the properties of the material to be connected, the used electromagnetic wave radiation in the wavelength range between 0.18 µm and 1 mm, but preferably between 0.3 and 13 µm. It is useful to to choose the intensity of the radiation used so high that the heat supply very quickly takes place so that only the immediate vicinity of the absorber is heated by conduction will. This can be done by spatial and / or temporal concentration of the radiation, beiapielaweiae can be achieved by focusing or flash operation. As particularly suitable It has been found that radiation sources operate on the principle of atimulated emission work, and which are known as lasers or mater. However, sparks can also be used or other sources of radiation are used, provided that their intensity is sufficiently high.

Als Absorber zur Umwandlung der elektromagnetischen Wellenstrahlung in Wärme eignen aich alle Stoffe, die das auftreffende Licht in einem ausreichend kleinen Volumen absorbieren, und die mit dem zu verbindenden Material verträglich sind. So können als Absorber beispielsweise Farbstoffe oder Farbpigmente verwendet werden, insbesondere solche, deren sichtbare Farbe im Bereich der Komplementärfarbe zu der eingestrahlen Wcllenstrahlung liegt. Ale besonders geeignet hat sich jedoch Ruß erwiesen, da dieser in dem gesamten anwendbaren Wollenlängenbereich eine ausreichend hohe Eigenabsorption besitzt.As an absorber for converting electromagnetic wave radiation in warmth all substances are suitable that the incident light is sufficient in one absorb small volume, and compatible with the material to be connected are. For example, dyes or colored pigments can be used as absorbers especially those whose visible color is in the range of the complementary color to the irradiated wall radiation. Ale has proven particularly suitable, however Carbon black has been shown to be sufficient in the entire range of wool lengths that can be used has high self-absorption.

Erfolgt die Verbindung durch einen Heißkleber oder durch eine zwischengelegte Heißsiegelfolie, ao können der Kleber oder die Siegelfolie aelbat entsprechend eingefärbt werden.If the connection is made with a hot melt adhesive or an intermediate one Heat sealing film, ao the adhesive or the sealing film can be colored accordingly will.

Die Absorber erzeugte Wärme kann also entweder das unmittelbar benachbarte Material der zu verbindenden Teile erwärmen, ao daß ea unter Druck verschweißt werden kann. Sie kann andereraoita zur Erwärmung ein- Hilfsstoffs, beispielsweise eine Heißklebers dienen, der nach dem Erkalten den Zusammenhalt der zu verbindenden Teile bewirkt. Durch nachträgliches oder gleichzeitiges Anpressen kann die Verbindung verbessert werden.The heat generated by the absorber can either be directly adjacent Heat the material of the parts to be connected, ao that ea are welded under pressure can. It can also be used for heating an auxiliary material, for example a Serve hot glue, which after cooling the cohesion of the to connecting parts causes. By subsequent or simultaneous pressing can the connection will be improved.

Zur Erläuterung der Erfindung dienen die beiden folgenden Beispiele : Beispiel 1 : Zur Verschweißung zweier Folien ausgecktom Polyester wird die Strahlung eines Rubin-Lasers benutztZ die durch eine Sammellinse auf die zu verschweißende Stelle zwischen den Folien konzentriert wird. An dieser Stelle befindet sich auf einer der Folien eine Rußschicht, die durch einen Laser-Blitz erwärmt wird und die ihr benachbarten Teile der Folie aufheizt. Durch eine Klemmvorrichtung werden die Folien zusammengepreßt, so daß Verschweißung eintritt.The two following examples serve to illustrate the invention : Example 1: The radiation is used to weld two foils together of a ruby laser uses the through a converging lens on the to be welded Place between the slides is concentrated. At this point is on one of the foils has a layer of soot which is heated by a laser flash and which you heat neighboring parts of the film. The Foils pressed together so that welding occurs.

Beispiel 2 : Als Lichtquelle dient ein kontinuierlich arbeitender Gas-Laser (Ate+-Laser , Wellenlängen hauptsächlich 0,4880 und 0, 5l45/um).Example 2: The light source used is a continuously operating one Gas laser (Ate + laser, wavelengths mainly 0.4880 and 0.5l45 / µm).

Durch zwei Sammellinsen, deren Brennweiten sich etwa wie 1 : 30. verhalten und die so angeordnet sind daß die Brennpunkte zusammenfallen und die dem Laser nähere Linse die längere Brennweite besitzt, wird ein Lichtstrahl geringen Durchmessers und hoher Intensität erzeugt. Auf einer der zu verbindenden Folien ist mit einem roten Eisenoxid-Pigment ein Strich aufgedruckt. Die zu verbindenden Folien werden aufeinander gelegt und so durch den Lichtstrahl geführt, daß der rote Strich durch eine der Folien hindurch verlu : ttlos beleuchXt und durch seine spezifische Absorption erwärmt wird. Durch eine Andrückvorrichtung werden gleichzeitig die Folien zusammengepreßt und an der belichteten Stelle verschweißt.With two converging lenses, the focal lengths of which are roughly 1: 30th and which are arranged so that the focal points coincide and those of the laser The closer lens that has the longer focal length becomes a light beam of small diameter and high intensity. One of the foils to be connected has a red iron oxide pigment a line printed on it. The foils to be joined are placed on top of one another and guided through the light beam in such a way that the red line through one of the foils without any illumination and through his specific absorption is heated. By a pressing device are simultaneously the foils pressed together and welded at the exposed point.

Beispiel 3 : Zur Verschweißung von Folien aus gerecktem Polyäthylen wird auf die zu verschweißenden Stellen der Folien Ruß aufgebracht. Die Schweißstellen werden anschließend über eine fokussierende Spiegeloptik mit der Strahlung eines mit einem COZ-N2-Gemisch arbeitenden Gaslasers bestrahlt. Die Wellenlänge der Laser-Strahlung liegt bei etwa 10, 6Xu. Im Gegensatz zu Polyäthylen absorbiert Ruß Strahlung dieser Wellenlängen stark und erwärmt die benachbarten Folienbereiche. Durch eine Klemmvorrichtung werden die Folien zusammengepreßt und verschweißt.Example 3: For welding foils made of stretched polyethylene carbon black is applied to the areas of the foils to be welded. The welds are then a focusing mirror optics with the radiation irradiated with a COZ-N2 mixture working gas laser. The wavelength of the laser radiation is around 10.6Xu. In contrast to polyethylene, soot absorbs radiation from it Wavelengths strong and heats the neighboring areas of the film. By a clamping device the foils are pressed together and welded.

Claims (5)

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h o : 31 Verfahren zum Verbinden von Gebilden aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen, insbesondere von Folien, unter Wärmeeinfluß, dadurch gekennzeichnete daß die erforderliche Wirmeenergie in Form einer elektromagnetischen Wellenstrahlung aufgebracht wird,derenWellenlängeaußerhalb des Bereichs der Eigendurch das die Wellentatrahlung die Yerbindungsstelle erreichen soll, und daß die Energie der Weßenstrahlung an der Verbindungsstelle durch einen Absorber in Warme umgewandelt wird.P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h o: 31 Process for joining structures made of thermoplastics, especially foils, under the influence of heat, characterized in that the required heat energy in the form of an electromagnetic Wave radiation is applied whose wavelength is outside the range of the properties that the wave radiation should reach the junction, and that the energy the white radiation at the connection point is converted into heat by an absorber will. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeiclinet, daß die erforderliche Energie in Form einer elektromagnetischen Wellenstrahlung im Wellenlängenbereich zwischen 0,18 µm und 1 mm, vorzugsweise zwischen 0,3 und 12 µm aufgebracht wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized gekennzeiclinet that the required Energy in the form of electromagnetic wave radiation in the wavelength range between 0.18 µm and 1 mm, preferably between 0.3 and 12 µm. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch l und 2 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Quelle der elektromagnetischen Wellenstrahlung eine Anordnung dient, die nach dem Prinzip des stimulidrten Emission arbeitet.3. The method according to claim l and 2, characterized in that as The source of electromagnetic wave radiation is an arrangement which, according to the Principle of stimulated emission works. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 3 dadurch'gekennzeichnetZ daß die Strahlung auf die zu verbindende Stelle fokussiert wird.4. The method according to claim 1 to 3 dadurch'gekellentZ that the Radiation is focused on the point to be connected. 5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Absorber ein Farbstoff oder ein Pigment dient, dessen Eigenabsorption im Bereich der eingestrahlten Wellenstrahlung liegt. . Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnete daß als Absorber Ruß dient.5. The method according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that as Absorber a dye or a pigment is used, whose self-absorption in the area of the radiated wave radiation. . Method according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that carbon black is used as the absorber.
DE19651479239 1965-12-27 1965-12-27 Process for joining structures made of thermoplastics under the influence of heat Pending DE1479239A1 (en)

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DE2544371A1 (en) * 1974-10-03 1976-04-15 Bingley Ltd A J DEVICE FOR THERMAL PROCESSING OF THERMOPLASTIC FILMS
EP0126787A1 (en) * 1983-05-26 1984-12-05 Jan Tjaden Method of laser welding and plastics optimized therefor
EP0159169A2 (en) * 1984-04-09 1985-10-23 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha A process for joining different kinds of synthetic resins
EP0159170A2 (en) * 1984-04-10 1985-10-23 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha A process for joining different kinds of synthetic resins
DE4024373A1 (en) * 1990-08-01 1992-02-06 Majer Christian Gmbh Co Kg Low thermal conductivity weldable pack - has areas coated with weldable polymer which incorporate material absorbing HF energy and heat up in applied field
WO1993010961A1 (en) * 1991-11-29 1993-06-10 Schneider (Usa) Inc. Laser bonding of angioplasty balloon catheters
WO1995021737A1 (en) * 1994-02-08 1995-08-17 Uponor Limited Method of joining elongate hollow members
EP0705682A1 (en) * 1994-10-07 1996-04-10 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Process for heat joining of polymeric substrates
WO2000003865A1 (en) * 1998-07-17 2000-01-27 Lisa Laser Products Ohg Fuhrberg & Teichmann Method and device for welding thermoplastic synthetic materials using laser light
WO2000066345A2 (en) * 1999-04-30 2000-11-09 Powerlasers Ltd. Method of clamping thermoplastic pieces and heat control for laser welding
WO2000066346A1 (en) * 1999-04-30 2000-11-09 Powerlasers Limited Welding of carpet to panels
WO2002020081A1 (en) * 2000-09-05 2002-03-14 Scimed Life Sytems, Inc. Method of applying a laser beam around the circumference of a catheter
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US6911262B2 (en) 2000-11-10 2005-06-28 Gentex Corporation Visibly transparent dyes for through-transmission laser welding
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DE2544371A1 (en) * 1974-10-03 1976-04-15 Bingley Ltd A J DEVICE FOR THERMAL PROCESSING OF THERMOPLASTIC FILMS
EP0126787A1 (en) * 1983-05-26 1984-12-05 Jan Tjaden Method of laser welding and plastics optimized therefor
EP0159169A2 (en) * 1984-04-09 1985-10-23 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha A process for joining different kinds of synthetic resins
EP0159169A3 (en) * 1984-04-09 1987-07-01 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha A process for joining different kinds of synthetic resins
EP0159170A2 (en) * 1984-04-10 1985-10-23 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha A process for joining different kinds of synthetic resins
EP0159170A3 (en) * 1984-04-10 1987-07-01 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha A process for joining different kinds of synthetic resins
DE4024373A1 (en) * 1990-08-01 1992-02-06 Majer Christian Gmbh Co Kg Low thermal conductivity weldable pack - has areas coated with weldable polymer which incorporate material absorbing HF energy and heat up in applied field
US5267959A (en) * 1991-11-29 1993-12-07 Schneider, Inc. Laser bonding of angioplasty balloon catheters
EP0839634A3 (en) * 1991-11-29 2001-02-14 Schneider (Usa) Inc. Laser bonding of angioplasty ballon catheters
US5501759A (en) * 1991-11-29 1996-03-26 Schneider (Usa) Inc. Laser bonding of angioplasty balloon catheters
EP0839634A2 (en) * 1991-11-29 1998-05-06 Schneider (Usa) Inc. Laser bonding of angioplasty ballon catheters
WO1993010961A1 (en) * 1991-11-29 1993-06-10 Schneider (Usa) Inc. Laser bonding of angioplasty balloon catheters
WO1995021737A1 (en) * 1994-02-08 1995-08-17 Uponor Limited Method of joining elongate hollow members
EP0751865B2 (en) † 1994-03-31 2004-07-14 Marquardt GmbH Plastic workpiece and process for producing it
EP0705682A1 (en) * 1994-10-07 1996-04-10 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Process for heat joining of polymeric substrates
WO2000003865A1 (en) * 1998-07-17 2000-01-27 Lisa Laser Products Ohg Fuhrberg & Teichmann Method and device for welding thermoplastic synthetic materials using laser light
WO2000066345A2 (en) * 1999-04-30 2000-11-09 Powerlasers Ltd. Method of clamping thermoplastic pieces and heat control for laser welding
WO2000066345A3 (en) * 1999-04-30 2001-04-26 Powerlasers Ltd Method of clamping thermoplastic pieces and heat control for laser welding
WO2000066346A1 (en) * 1999-04-30 2000-11-09 Powerlasers Limited Welding of carpet to panels
WO2002020081A1 (en) * 2000-09-05 2002-03-14 Scimed Life Sytems, Inc. Method of applying a laser beam around the circumference of a catheter
US6860960B1 (en) 2000-09-05 2005-03-01 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Method of applying a laser beam around the circumference of a catheter
US7220336B2 (en) 2000-09-05 2007-05-22 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Method of applying a laser beam around the circumference of a catheter
US6911262B2 (en) 2000-11-10 2005-06-28 Gentex Corporation Visibly transparent dyes for through-transmission laser welding
US7276136B2 (en) 2000-11-10 2007-10-02 Gentex Corporation Visibly transparent dyes for through-transmission laser welding
US6770158B2 (en) 2002-01-15 2004-08-03 Gentex Corporation Quality management system for pre-processed workpiece
US7201963B2 (en) 2002-01-15 2007-04-10 Gentex Corporation Pre-processed workpiece having a surface deposition of absorber dye rendering the workpiece weld-enabled
US7344774B2 (en) 2002-01-15 2008-03-18 Gentex Corporation Pre-processed workpiece having a surface deposition of absorber dye rendering the workpiece weld-enabled
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WO2013106881A1 (en) * 2012-01-20 2013-07-25 Voestalpine Stahl Gmbh Device and method for connecting lamination parts to form a lamination core

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