DE146628C

DE146628C -

Info

Publication number: DE146628C
Application number: DENDAT146628D
Authority: DE

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.

JVi 146628
KLASSE 21 #.JVi 146628
CLASS 21 #.

Die elektrolytischen Unterbrecher nach Wehnelt haben den Nachteil, daß die Befestigung des Platinstiftes mit der Zeit stark angegriffen wird, und daß die Unterbrechungsblase nicht direkt nach oben aufsteigen kann, wodurch die Unterbrechungszahl wesentlich erniedrigt wird. Will man aber ein direktes Aufsteigen der Gasblasen und ein leichtes Ablösen derselben von der Anode erreichen,The electrolytic interrupter according to Wehnelt have the disadvantage that the attachment of the platinum pin is severely attacked over time, and that the interruption bubble cannot go straight up, which makes the number of interruptions significant is humiliated. But if you want a direct ascent of the gas bubbles and an easy one Achieve detachment of the same from the anode,

ίο dann muß letztere in dem Gefäß senkrecht mit der aktiven Fläche nach oben angeordnet sein. Diese Einführung der Anode nach oben begegnet der Schwierigkeit, daß an der Regulierungsstelle sich Nebenschlüsse einstellen, wodurch die Funktion des Unterbrechers behindert wird, ein Übelstand, der sich übrigens auch bei allen anderen Formen elektrolytischer Unterbrecher mehr oder weniger störend bemerkbar macht. Ein weiterer Nachteil dieser Unterbrecher liegt in der verhältnismäßig großen Menge der zu verwendenden Säure, welche sie für Transportzwecke vollständig ungeeignet macht, da das Bewegen der Säure sehr störend ist.ίο then the latter must be vertical in the vessel be arranged with the active surface facing up. This introduction of the anode after Above encountered the difficulty that shunts occur at the regulatory body, whereby the function of the breaker is hindered, a drawback that Incidentally, with all other forms of electrolytic interrupter more or makes it less disturbing. Another disadvantage of this breaker is in the relatively large amount of acid to be used, which they are used for transport purposes completely unsuitable as the movement of the acid is very disruptive.

Aus demselben Grunde ist. eine Benutzung des elektrolytischen Unterbrechers bei Röntgeneinrichtungen für Schiffe, für bewegliche Stationen, für drahtlose Telegraphie usw. unmöglich oder zum mindesten erschwert. Ein Reinigen, Ausschwenken mit Wasser, eine Erneuerung des Elektrolyten ist immer umständlich und mit Kosten wegen der großen zu beseitigenden Säuremengen verbunden.For the same reason is. a use of the electrolytic interrupter in X-ray facilities for ships, for mobile stations, for wireless telegraphy etc. impossible or at least difficult. A Cleaning, swiveling out with water, renewing the electrolyte is always cumbersome and associated with costs because of the large amounts of acid to be removed.

Bei vorliegender Erfindung werden diese Nachteile dadurch vermieden, daß die Füllung durch einen festen bezw. gelatinösen Elektrolyten bewerkstelligt wird, worauf nur eine dünne Schicht flüssige Säure oder Wasser gegossen wird, so daß die eigentliche Unterbrechungsstelle in der Flüssigkeit liegt.In the present invention, these disadvantages are avoided in that the filling by a fixed respectively. gelatinous electrolyte is brought about, whereupon only one thin layer of liquid acid or water is poured, so that the actual break point lies in the liquid.

Der Apparat ist in beiliegender Zeichnung im Querschnitt dargestellt.The apparatus is shown in cross section in the accompanying drawing.

Das Gefäß α des Unterbrechers ist von einer Platte b aus Isoliermaterial überdeckt, in welcher die Kathode c mit der Klemmschraube d befestigt ist. Dieser gegenüber taucht in das Gefäß die U-förmig gestaltete Anode e, welche bis zu dem am Ende befindlichen Platinstift isoliert ist. An dem freien Ende dichtet eine nach oben offene Hülse/ aus nichtleitendem Material, z. B. Porzellan, so ab, daß sie, wie weiter unten beschrieben, über das freie Anodenende geschoben werden kann. Der untere Teil dieser ' Hülse ragt noch ein Stück über die Isolation der Anode hinweg', so daß zwischen beiden ein kleiner Luftzwischenraum bleibt. Die Hülse wird von einem Arm g getragen, dessen oberes Ende mit Gewinde versehen ist, und kann mittels der Stellschraube h auf dem Deckel b zwecks Regulierung der Unterbrechungszahl gehoben und gesenkt werden. Der Arm g kann noch eine Schutzplatte i tragen, welche sich lose an dem längeren Schenkel der U-förmigen Anode führt und !verhindern soll, daß der flüssige ElektrolytThe vessel α of the interrupter is covered by a plate b made of insulating material, in which the cathode c is fastened with the clamping screw d. Opposite this, the U-shaped anode e dips into the vessel, which is insulated up to the platinum pin located at the end. At the free end, an upwardly open sleeve / made of non-conductive material, e.g. B. porcelain, so that it, as described below, can be pushed over the free anode end. The lower part of this 'sleeve protrudes a little over the insulation of the anode' so that a small air gap remains between the two. The sleeve is carried by an arm g , the upper end of which is threaded, and can be raised and lowered by means of the adjusting screw h on the cover b to regulate the number of interruptions. The arm g can also carry a protective plate i , which is loosely guided on the longer limb of the U-shaped anode and is intended to prevent the liquid electrolyte

Claims

is thrown against the cover plate b during operation. The vessel is filled almost to the top of the anode with a solid electrolyte, e.g. B. gelatinized acid or glass powder, whereupon the actual acid (or water) is poured in a thin layer so that the active anode surface is completely in the liquid acid. ίο The purpose of the gelatinous electrolyte is to penetrate between the intact, undamaged porcelain insulation of the anode and the hard rubber insulation of the same. When the current is switched on, the interruption reaction takes place at the anode of the electrolyte interrupter. The main thing is the formation of vapor bubbles at the contact surface between the anode and the acid, and. the bubbles will rise freely ao respectively. thrown down on the earlier models. Experience has shown, however, that all electrolytic interrupters form a shunt to the interruption. i. the platinum piston, goes. . This shunt is very annoying because it has a harmful effect on the insulation of the pen (through heating and accelerated decomposition of the hard rubber or lead cover) and affects the interruption process itself. If the acid has now thickened, steam bubbles can be thrown off downwards or downwards. in the opposite direction the movement of the actual interruption bubbles is very much hindered. As they move downwards, these bubbles get stuck in the gelatinous electrolyte inside the very narrow porcelain tube and isolate it at this point. As a result, the anode feed is in front at the same time. Electrolytic corrosion protected by the acid. The conditions at the anode are different from those at the free-standing lead cathode, where the electrical conduction in the thickened electrolyte is just as little impaired as in an accumulator with a so-called solid filling. In order to delay the heating of the liquid during strenuous operation, a U-shaped cooling tube k made of glass is inserted into the solid electrolyte in such a way that the two ends protrude into the layer of the liquid electrolyte. During the interruption process, the liquid electrolyte is heated on the side where the anode is located. It is therefore only necessary that one opening of the cooling tube is in the vicinity of this point and the other as far away from it as possible in order to bring about a constant circulation of the liquid acid through the cooling tube in the thickened acid due to this temperature difference. When not in use, the small amount of liquid can be drained through the tap / and the breaker can then be moved or cleaned as desired. The small amount of acid can be replaced easily and cheaply. Godfather ν τ-Α ν Proverbs:

1. Electrolytic interrupter, characterized in that the feed to the anode takes place through a solid or gelatinous electrolyte and only the active interruption point comes into contact with liquid electrolyte.

2. Interrupter according to claim 1 for transportable purposes, characterized by a device for drawing off the liquid electrolyte before transport.

3. Interrupter according to claim 1, characterized by an in the electrolyte inserted cooling tube, the ends of which are in communication with the liquid acid.

1 sheet of drawings.