DE1457873A1 - Precision seeder - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a precision seeder ψίΐ at least one sowing element which is movably arranged in a vertical plane in or in front of a seed container and which runs along the circumference is provided with a number of mutually equidistant bores, which over part of the circumferential length by means of Suppress the kernels by sucking on their ends until near the lowest point there is a means of blowing off the kernels.

Seed drills of this type are available in various forms known. The holes in the sowing element - a drum or a rubber band, usually end in a hemispherical hollow, in which each one Grain is picked up and held. Such seeders, and also Single-grain seeders that work according to different principles work mostly only in a satisfactory way, if seeds with a large one Uniformity and with little variation in grain size is applied. However, there are types of seeds that meet these

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rungeh, of which Rubensainen is mentioned as the most important. Beet seeds have a bizarre shape and are widely dispersed in the Grain size.

The known seed drills are not sufficient in these cases, that even the largest grains are completely absorbed in it otherwise they have been damaged by the usual scraping agents whose purpose is to prevent grains from getting out of the container step out over the surface of the Säeleraentes; on the other hand can but it then happens that two smaller grains would enter a single cell, which is just as inadmissible.

In practice one was then also forced to accept the seeds that were being negotiated Precision machines have a number of requirements, including one to obtain sufficient adaptation to the existing seed drills. Soleha Firstly, requirements include a limitation of the spread of the degree of o & men and secondly, a certain distribution of the existing dimensions within the total dimension section. To meet these requirements the seeds produced should not only be broken and ground, but are also screened out, which ultimately only 20%, in some years only 12-15% of the harvest can be sold.

The purpose of the invention is now in the first place to design a sowing device in such a way that the seeds produced are sown by machine without selection can be, whereby it should then be taken into account that it is about To get a maximum harvest yield is absolutely necessary Seed grains in pieces at extremely regular intervals in the ground bring to. Ss will be clear that non-use of a particular Position easily results in a lower yield. It is also disadvantageous if two seeds lie close to one another in the soil. If both seeds germinate, one of the plants should be removed.

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This is practically impossible to do by machine, by e & by hand is particularly time consuming. In practice, both plants remain standing, but their turnips are too small and cannot be harvested by machine will.

According to the basic idea of the invention is the precision seeder characterized in that the Säelernent along the circumference with a plurality of in the direction of movement each behind a zuia fixed suction of the grain set up hole provided cams is.

Voraursweike, these cams are provided with a steep front flank.In this way, the grains no longer lie, as in the known devices, simply on the end of a hole or in a cell-like extension of such a hole / but against the front flank of a cam . The width of the cams mentioned can be approximately equal to the smallest existing Su.iienabmeüsung; be. Even with un-sifted beetroot, uit the very ^ ro '-. En variation of the Ausuas ^ es, then docl. do not see the phenomenon that two smaller grains take the place of one large grain. In contrast to the known files, FIG. 3a offers the method according to the invention for placing the grains on the possibility of moving the grains in front of the cams in the transverse direction. Such a movement will, as long as the Säelemont runs in or in front of the storage container, take place continuously. During this time, if two grains lie next to each other in front of one. of the two, that is before the lütte of the cam on a oaugöffnung, whereby this particle then Jeu mr ichenden vacuum: sufol.-e learn TIIE maximum suction. This suction effect is sufficient to prevent a grain lying straight on an opening from moving away from other horns from the cties _; ·: «.! Would move.

v: eitero .: cu ierigkeit '; oi de., 0el :; αν..on: with skins

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Seeding equipment is the limitation of the speed of rotation of the sowing element, i.e. ultimately: the sowing speed of the machine. Since it takes a certain amount of time for grains that may come into contact with the continuous volume of the oil in the container before a grain has entered with practically complete certainty, it is necessary to add a -jev / i at a certain speed new uiniraal length ;; e of the element run in the 3atgut container: -; u load. If a higher output speed is required, the length should be chosen proportionally larger. On the other hand, this area should remain limited for various reasons in the case of circular Saelenenten sv.-icchen 90 and 180, depending on the aera type of machine.

So that now the seeds; Can increase chv / indigkeit to a considerable extent, is a precautionary measure of the invention.G ^ emass sowing machine by:; It is identified that the peaks on the back of the cams flow on the circumference of the Gäclementes to the place of the drill holes. In this Jeiie the IZorner gleicon _fa leichsam of the cam for a lower Funct where then opens a lying before the next cam 3olirung. So there also remains: ¹ at a high speed of rotation, order a clear _and high degree of clarity that a grain is encountered before every ... cam before the relevant part of the oäcle.iientes leaves the above-mentioned container to place the stripping roller .

In ^ iusa: .. «.. ehhang: .. it Cei mentioned. Cam course, i.ot it advantageous u; .. there.?, Under i. Container in the middle of the surface of the seed located at a speed in the same seal as the Säcle; .. ent to, even. As a result, a further increase in the frequency of operation becomes permissible, while the risk of damage to the good is disconcerted by the cams.

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Eg it is already known that Haas, when using a stripping roller that rotates in the opposite direction to the Säelenent, a movement of the contents of the container is excited to a very limited extent. The effect of such a stripping roller, however, is only that the seed is set in motion a little in the upward direction at the front of the container, which offers the possibility of other grains moving under the influence of friction in contact with the moving sowing element a ^% v / little offset in the same direction.

Invention device is now the lower part of the seed container Evenly wider at the top, as means are provided around the seed to bring in rotating movement in the lower part of the container, such that the seed coming into contact with the sowing element starts a movement same direction. . ga ^ -eben will.

By such a rotating movement of the container contents, the well-known bridging of the seeds is avoided. Vielter is the segregation of Jaiaens - AEU occurrence of unregelmässiöen distribution of hayloiden and polyoloiden liörnsr, as well as the various Korngrosreen - unit done.

Preferably the means by which the seed is set in motion comprises a rotating portion of at least one wall of the container. Further measures must be taken to ensure the good "effect of the Oaaa-cliino, especially in the context of the increased sawing speed already mentioned above.

"Ine vorteilhaltc Au.sführun, the drill aforni wherein the 3 ^# Ieler« ent the Goütult a Tro has .racl ,, is therefore gekennseichnet by daa blowing animal grains by a UE ^en under fire effect £ ^s £ the Innenuiafcng the Tro .. el o ^{0 ;;! r} ückte. ^ in closed connection with a hole in the Ic..ton Troiiaaelcichse, standing, on a compressed air: .iii ';o;; c iloK.sene ..; Kohr near the lowest point of the seed drum

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takes place. In this way a reliable construction is obtained, wherein, in particular, the air pressure used to blow off the grains is prevented from leaking along the inner circumference who, according to SatroLimel, would be humiliated.

In particular, a reliable seal is also obtained, if der Innenuii.frji ^; the Satrofei-iel would be somewhat eccentric.

A further improvement in the effect is achieved in that the inner circumference of the seed drum is profiled in such a way that, in addition to the Width of the resilient tube at least one circumferential line for catching is formed by impurities. All kinds of impurities are already present in your seeds; this is always also when applied Get sand into the seed drum. By arranging the aforementioned Hinne it is achieved that the impurities collect in it, so that they so not to the point where the resilient tube with the. Saele ^ .ent in contact is, ^ ratzen u.d. verarsac'.eii can, ./oäurch eier air pressure again V7o; _, lcclten was

The impurities gathered in the gutter allow it to be arranged simple suction device These suction means preferably open near the end of the springy liohres. Their construction can be kept very simple in case the suction means for the contaminants at least partially the negative pressure inside the Satronunel to Hold on c-: he entertain grains.

The invention is explained below:; nimbly with reference to the drawing, where v. further advantageous details emerge - .. ground.

Fig. 1 shows a vertical axial cross-section of one in one oatgutbeh "lter movable pillar duck;

Fig. ? .. aeigt a. ,, uercjchni-it according to the 'arrows II - II in Fig. 1, the lower part of a seed container is also shown;

Fig. 3 shows a cross section of another embodiment desr Säelenientes through the middle of the ot'troinmel;

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Fig. 4. shows a cross section along arrows IV - Iv in Pig. 3; FIG. 5 shows a cross section according to the arrows V - V in FIG. 3 and FIG. 6 shows a cross section according to the arrows VI - VI in FIG. 5.

In Figs. 1 and 2 the basic structure of a tromrßolförinigen Saelementes is shown as applied in single grain sows & machines of the type to which the invention relates. The goose machine is provided with a kit of at least one seeder 1. This device, or a number of identical devices, are carried in the usual way by a machine frame, not shown, and driven from there; the sowing machine frame can be coupled to a tractor. Next each Sagerat a coulter and other known parts can be assigned, likewise M if not shown.

Each Gäijjerät includes a Sätroirr.iel, consisting of the two Disks 4 and 5, between which the Hing 2 iaittelr. Screws like 6 and 7 is fixed. The rules 4 and 5, or wani, -ctens one of both can be profiled on de.u circumference 8 or 9, so that tie are set up for an immediate rope drive.

The Satromrael has 2 bearings 10 and 11, whereby they ui. the fixed shaft ο is rotatable. The line is to be provided with an axial bore 12 which runs through the _four bore holes # 14, /, it dei ~ Ham :. 15 has connection within the drum, -; or that this haum of the weight is one of the "

left end of the VeIIe on the bore 12 an ^ e; chlos.; enen oaugpunpe to be subjected. The two La; cr 10 and 11 are of a type with which an airtight Abichlics.-jun ^ ue. Canoe. «; 15 shout the ".. 'hurry will be r'iulten. Let it be. That rode. The; -e closure thus received on a point with oineiii small radial cover." Lio: i vird, i: · Opposite to many known Γόη, .- truktioncn v. ^r orin the sealing zv. ^r irchen de;: i rotating 3äeleueiit unJ eier, fc.ten parts of the Goi ^ äts irjendvo in the Xähc Ca.- Trcr.:meln^;-'icfindlic*; is.

On the right-hand side there is the "."

1 ·! '· Ν r o'.ci I.ittel. · A .urrbT ^ r.mp; IS \ ζολ \ ώ thus r'c-r ^ ri.cL one au

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End of the bore 13 connected pump to the interior of the uijfc * fe <Dnfeiö / 3 'Bore provided element 17 are supplied. This element 17 is firmly attached to the shaft 3; the hole is perpendicular to directed downwards and contains sliding and pascend an effect of the Compression spring 18 pressed against the inner circumference of the drum ring 2 Tube 19.

The ring 2 of the Sätronniel is provided at equal intervals with radial bores 22, the outer ends of which are provided with extensions or barks 21, in which a grain can be placed during "the side that the Oätroi.imel, as can be seen from Fig. 2, . Sk in the hopper 20 moves. Excess grains are thrown back from the opposite direction to the rotating hSatrommel doctor roller 23 in the container.

The in; s recorded cells 21 and under the influence of the pressure prevailing within dec .XaUL ₁ CS 15 vacuum feat ^ esaugten Korner be iuitgeführt during the iiotation the drum until the relevant bore dor drum at the lowest point in front of the blow tube 10 koi; .mt . Then will. the grain is blown vertically into the hilt made by the coulter. Fig. 3 shows another embodiment of the sowing machine, in which the Ulk the solid "./eile 24 drohbare Sätroumel circumferentially with a plurality of ^v tease 26 is provide. The lying in the direction of movement at the front edge 27 of the cams which immediately behind a hole 2Z, it is steeply formed and forms a similar surface for a grain that is well-sucked on the round surface. The mockers. 26 are in; Recognizable triangular 'ever; : t al dead, at least in such a way that the summit of the cam flows over the rear flank 29 onto the normal original catch of the drum at the point of the next bore. In dieter '- / eice cie ilörner can during the rotation of the drum through the container vTC ^ loichsu;., From de; .. summit ι'τ cam along the rear firnke _: derive, whereby "ie in the liic'itung tier ouu

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So that the grains are as large as possible guided to the suckling openings in front of the cams and held at this point, the width of the cams, i.e. transverse to the direction of movement of the circumference, should be about the same size as the smallest seed kernels "(Fig . 4.). With a smaller width, the support surface would be too sehiual u ;. Avoid sliding sideways, with a large extra width there would be the possibility that two grains would lie against the cams, with the risk that neither of the two will find a final position on the suction opening before leaving the container . The cross profile of the cams is preferably chosen to be trapezoidal, ie the width of the summit is narrower than the width of the foot. B ¹ Ig. 4. 2; tends that the wiper roll 31 M

de, ii Profile of Trou «.: el 25 adapted ict.

Us c ^G ^ ö · r; -. U £; can ei ter horvoi · that stripping dasr- roll 31 by means of a sprocket 32 Registered instincts are indeed \ v ^r ie "usual entgegengesetst to Örehriciitim ^ · ler SätroLiinel and the doctor roller 31 is cicii the sin of cchamiorbareii .Hebels 33 -.. The fixed stop 34 prevents the roller from coming into contact with the drum; however, the distance between the two rotating elements is kept as small as possible. The lever 33 is pressed against the stop by means of a compression spring 35; The drum and the pick-up roll avoided, if any of the cams not guided by the cams, send impurities, ;; un on .üich by the pick-up roll did not hold back

Before. "He Ah..tro.ifrolle Cl i. ti: .i Joitonv / and 30 'lies' storage container S a JluriUdnd 36 κη_ aordnct, v / d1cI ^: .o p.3. on the Hintersoite ::; .- r ilen Unt-ni-iri ', cl: for ^ at- i'OntÄaugen Jsr Ill'rner SchiebruMicieii Pu, ape be connected to litnn, and v / elchg in ^ U3i-direction via ex> the Trormiel surface -given fail: .i still _t .uf ? .η? llinterooite 20 tor cam lying, excess

rlen iTi.'iurea ict still orsiciitlich that the bores 28 are inside

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expand. This ensures that any dust that may be sucked in is achieved u.d. cannot suck itself into an egg's hole, but at least through the hole is sucked out.

The above design, v / oci by the rear ;; .; - ite 29 of the cam 26 serves as a guiding path for the grains, with a certain speed of rotation of the drum it already results in a considerably more positive security that if animal., container escapes every suction opening Grain carries, but the possibility is thereby offered to increase the speed of rotation of the drum ^{while maintaining a occupancy rate of 100:} / o.

In order that the "geucli" can be selected even higher, according to the invention the sow grains are given a speed in the same way as the lower part of the container. oelb & tvorstü.idiich are i; ..:. ier Ilörner dragged along by the .. Troumsluir.fi..ng, especially vreil now protruding cams. ^ ind. Also the threat of the A5, treifrolle förcort a ..such a slight increase in the content of the lower oaneröl senior part. Could i:, an now a.ber independent of the Troi: i.ielb3ii's ' UnJ den -ifc dei .. xromiäelusf. ng in contact koiamenden grains give a decLv / iniiglieit, gloicagroec or only a little smaller as the iJraf: ngsf; eecl> windi ^ i "oit uer trounel, the entry of the grains would thereby switch the cams, and also the search for the Breathing openings are made considerably easier.

This now v ill be achieved / characterized as · -: never two Geitenwänc.e 30 'and 3D ^1' .com:;:.. Rnipren 'part ¹ of the supply vessel as & uc 7i ^ ·. 3 can be seen ochrüg ^ sctellt. =. Ind, in such a way that the container of dei.i Troi ..... el ^ i., If, .ng an nacl. above equal ·· .äs i _o · wider.-.- ird. -_iugleichei-53eit are about nn parts like the two circular disks 37, 3S designed to be rotatable. The pulleys are driven by means of oeilwheels 39, 40; v / ie also for the other driven parts this drive can be derived from the II-: u.; chinem.-elIe. Als.ov / ird dia desired movement lev Körnerr: .a.- 'e _o -eiiiai..s c'.en Ffoilen obtained in Fig. 3. Daau should be noted by dc.nn v. ^; o: ⁱ clen, d; rs

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by the inclined position of the wall parts 30 ', 30 "the container contains is compressed a little, whereby the rotary movement of the discs is completely transferred to the grains, while the contents of the container continue brought down in good contact with the Troi.iraeluuifc.nic will. Auseerdein becomes what is known as bridging through this construction prevents the seeds in the container. To further promote a rotating movement of the container contents, the disk 38 is with a pin 41, which carries a helically -jebosene wire spring 42, Mistake.

In Fig. 3 and 5 are the collection and Absauftiuittel for dust and

other impurities shown. The blowpipe 45, under the action M of the spring 44 in the bore 45 of the clamping piece fastened with a screw 46, as well as the lower end of this Kleiuaistückes are triangularly cut to adapt to the inner circumference 48 of the drum 25, which is triangular in this case On both sides chins 49 and 50 are formed, in which they can collect dust or impurities of any kind inside the drum, so that these impurities do not get between the ends of the resilient; Tube 43 and the inner circumference of the Tronimo and can cause damage and leakage there.

From Fig. 3 it can be seen that the clamping piece 4G contains a vertical hole 31 , and was: it one. rros.se; .. Durchaesfcr, zuia suctioning off the impurities in the gutters. The bore 51 is to die-e; .. purpose ι in a similar .reise vfie in figure i durvestellt, cHtrc.i a, _k uor bore *> 2 i .-. I 1 eiuor a :: ialc »n bore through the Pricelist. shaft 24 connected; Whether piv? c forms the .inucre r.xiale Bonrun ^ 53 "dttels der ^ uerbohrnni""4 the ^ Jufur for printing to the 31st trohr 45.

The air knows that the impurities in the inside 4D, 50 are in -i- Ί '-rnng ¹ Sl rb ^ cKau ^ t vers'en, • ■: evi.en simply de : inner Haum Sa _t r j ... i ... J · Zoe entnotaauii, ^Goue?:? zu :: entertain de.? Unterilrucks

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A separate air pump is no longer required within the seed drum. A transverse bore 55 can also provide a direct connection between the interior of the seed drum and the suction hole 51 · Zum Inside the Sätros-nel air is continuously supplied, through the Sautrbohrungen 28 during the part of the drum unit between the Blow off close to the lowest point and pick one up again

next grain in the storage container.

The precision seeding machine according to the invention thus has the properties that the sowing process, in particular also with hover seeds, is independent of the grain size and the grain shape is by using especially can be worked at great speed.

Claims (16)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Precision seeder with at least one movable in a vertical plane in or in front of a seed container, arranged sowing element, which is provided along the circumference with a number of mutually equidistant bores, which over part of the circumferential length by means of negative pressure the Ilorns on their Suck ends until near the nirüri _o th point means are provided for blowing off the ivorner, characterized in that the sowing element is provided along the circumference with a plurality of cams each set up in the direction of movement behind a bore set up for sucking the seeds. 2 »Precision seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that the cams have a steep leading edge. 3. Precision seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that the peaks at the rear of the cams flowing over the circumference of the Connect the sowing element at the location of the holes. 4. Precision seeder according to one of the preceding claims, characterized marked that the cam width is approximately the same as the cV-es.er is. 9 0 9 8 4 2/0 0 3 θ BAD ORIQiNAL ~ ¹³ ~ H57873 5. Precision seeder according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the cams in the transverse direction have a trapezoidal profile. 6. Precision seeder according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that close to the front wall of the seed box a blowing mouth directed in the transverse direction over the surface of the sowing element is arranged. ?. Precision seeder according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the bores in the sowing element widen towards the inside s. 8. Precision seeder according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that one at the front wall of the seed container opposite to the sowing rotating stripping roller is arranged, the profile of which is adapted to the cam profile of the sowing element. 9. Precision seeder according to one of the preceding claims, whose Sowing element has the shape of a drum, characterized in that that the drum is carried by a fixed shaft on which bearings are arranged which form a substantially airtight seal between the inside of the drum and the environment. 10. Precision seeder according to claim 9, characterized in that the stripping roller from a stop at a small distance in relation to f the seed drum held and under the effect of leather against this stop is pressed. · 11. Precision seeder according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the lower part of the seed hopper is evenly wider towards the top by providing means for the To bring seeds in the lower part of the container in a rotating motion, such that the seeds coming into contact with the sowing element move is given in the same direction. 12. Precision seeder according to claim 11, characterized in that that the means by which the seeds are set in motion are one 909842/0030 ~ H57873 rotating part of at least one of the walls. 13. Precision seeder according to claim 12, characterized in that that the two side walls of the lower part of the seed container mj rotating parts' are provided. 14. Precision seeder according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that that the rotating wall part comprises a disc of resilient material arranged centrally on an externally driven shaft 15 ·. Precision seeder according to claim 14, characterized in that that the disc circumference with an outward in relation to the seed container folded hand is provided. m, 16. Precision seeder according to one of claims 12-15 »characterized in that that the rotating wall parts are provided with protruding elements in the seed container, with which the seed is in motion is brought. 17. Precision seeder according to claim 16, characterized in that that a protruding in the seed container element of the rotating Wall part comprises a spiral wire spring. 18. Precision seeder according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the blowing off of the grains by a pressed under fire against the circumference of the drum, in geschlc ™ sener connection with a hole in the fixed drum axis, pipe connected to a compressed air source takes place near the lowest point of the seed drum. 19 · Precision seeder according to claim 18, characterized in that that the tube and the compression spring attached to the shaft within eiiES Clamping piece are arranged. 2o. Precision seeder according to claims 18 or 19 »characterized in that the inner circumference of the sowing drum is profiled in such a way that, in addition to the width of the resilient tube, at least one circumferential channel is formed for collecting impurities, "'"'' ^: 9Q9ST27OQ30 ~ 15 - '■■ "; ■ ;;. ■ .- ■: ·. ■■■■■ · ■■■■; ■ 21 · Precision seeder according to claim 20, characterized in that Means are provided for sucking off the collecting in the channel Impurities « ■, ' 22 · Precision seeder according to claim 21, characterized in that the suction means near the end of the spring-loaded tube flow out. . 23 · Precision seeder according to claim 22, characterized in that the suction means for the impurities at least partially maintain the negative pressure within the satromiael to hold the grains 24. Precision seeder according to claim 23, characterized in that the suction means comprise a second bore in the clamping piece containing the resiliently pressed tube, which second bore has an axial one Bore of the device shaft to which a suction pump is connected, communicates. 25. Precision seeder according to claim 24, characterized in that in the second bore of the clamping piece opens a transverse bore which is in direct contact with the space within the "Trou.a-.il". 909842/0030 BADORKaINAL