DE1441888C1 - Antenna device for a radar device - Google Patents

Antenna device for a radar device

Info

Publication number
DE1441888C1
DE1441888C1 DE19631441888 DE1441888A DE1441888C1 DE 1441888 C1 DE1441888 C1 DE 1441888C1 DE 19631441888 DE19631441888 DE 19631441888 DE 1441888 A DE1441888 A DE 1441888A DE 1441888 C1 DE1441888 C1 DE 1441888C1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
axis
cylindrical
scanning movement
antenna device
reflector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DE19631441888
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Andre Adamsbaum
Michel Nicolas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
Original Assignee
SNECMA SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SNECMA SAS filed Critical SNECMA SAS
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE1441888C1 publication Critical patent/DE1441888C1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/12—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave
    • H01Q19/17—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source comprising two or more radiating elements
    • H01Q19/175—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source comprising two or more radiating elements arrayed along the focal line of a cylindrical focusing surface
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S1/00—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
    • G01S1/02—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using radio waves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/02—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
    • H01Q3/08—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole for varying two co-ordinates of the orientation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means

Description

ParisParis

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Antennenvorrichtung für ein Radargerät derjenigen Art, das mit einer Kombination einer mechanischen und einer elektronischen Abtastbewegung arbeitet und einen zylindrisch-parabolischen Reflektor aufweist, der von einer längs der Brennlinie des Reflektors angeordneten Zeile von^Erregern angestrahlt wird, derart, daß die elektronische Abtastbewegung durch Ändern der Lage der Phasenebene der von der Zeile der Erreger abgestrahlten Welle erhalten wird.The invention relates to an antenna device for a radar of the kind that works with a combination of a mechanical and an electronic scanning movement and has a cylindrical-parabolic reflector, which is illuminated by a line of pathogens arranged along the focal line of the reflector, such that the electronic scanning movement by changing the position of the phase plane of the Row of exciter radiated wave is obtained.

Zweck der Erfindung ist, eine Antennenvorrichtung der vorgenannten Art zu schaffen, die mit einfachen Mitteln ermöglicht, einen konischen Sektor des Raumes abzutasten.The purpose of the invention is to provide an antenna device of the aforementioned type, which with simple Averaging enables a conical sector of the room to be scanned.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird dies dadurch erreicht, daß die mechanische Abtastbewegung durch Drehen des zylindrisch-parabolischen Reflektors um seine Achse O-X erfolgt.According to the invention, this is achieved in that the mechanical scanning movement takes place by rotating the cylindrical-parabolic reflector about its axis OX .

Da die Antennenvorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung jeweils nur einen bestimmten konischen Sektor des Raumes abtastet, ist gemäß einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung zwecks Abtastens eines anderen 'konischen Raumsektors die Achse O-X des zylindrisch-parabolischen Reflektors im Azimut in an sich bekannter Weise um eine senkrechte Achse O-Z einstellbar.Since the antenna device according to the invention only scans a certain conical sector of space, according to a further feature of the invention for the purpose of scanning another 'conical space sector, the axis OX of the cylindrical-parabolic reflector is in azimuth in a known manner about a vertical axis OZ adjustable.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend an Hand der Zeichnung an einem Ausführungsbeispiel näher erläutert. The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing using an exemplary embodiment.

109 624/»109 624 / »

ORIGINAL INSPECTEDORIGINAL INSPECTED

Fig. ι ist eine schaubildliche Ansicht einer gemäß der Erfindung ausgebildeten Antennenvorrichtung für ein Radargerät, das mit mechanischer und elektronischer Abtastung arbeitet.
Fig. 2 ist eine schematische Darstellung einer die elektronische Abtastung bewirkenden Einrichtung. Die in Fig. ι wiedergegebene Antennenvorrichtung weist einen zylindrisch-parabolischen Reflektor ι mit der Achse O-X auf, der von einer längsFig. Ι is a diagrammatic view of an antenna device designed according to the invention for a radar device that works with mechanical and electronic scanning.
Figure 2 is a schematic representation of an electronic scanning device. The antenna device shown in Fig. Ι has a cylindrical-parabolic reflector ι with the axis OX , of a longitudinal

ίο seiner Brennlinie angeordneten Zeile von Erregern 2 angestrahlt wird und der die von der Zeile der Erreger abgestrahlte Welle in einem Strahl P konzentriert.ίο its focal line arranged line of pathogens 2 is illuminated and which concentrates the wave emitted by the line of pathogens in a beam P.

Die elektronische Abtastbewegung wird dadurch erhalten, daß die Lage der Phasenebene der von der Zeile der Erreger abgestrahlten Welle mittels einer elektrischen Einrichtung geändert wird, wie sie in Fig. 2 schematisch dargestellt ist, in welcher die längs der Brennlinie des Reflektors in einerThe electronic scanning movement is obtained in that the position of the phase plane of the line of exciter radiated wave is changed by means of an electrical device, such as it is shown schematically in Fig. 2, in which the along the focal line of the reflector in a

ao Zeile angeordneten Erreger mit Si, S2...Sn bezeichnet sind. Diesen Erregern, die über Hohlleiter Gi, G 2... Gn aus einer Hochfrequenzenergiequelle D gespeist werden, sind jeweils Ferrit-Phasenschieber dl, d2...dn zugeordnet. Durchao line arranged exciters are designated with Si, S 2 ... Sn . These pathogens, which are fed via waveguide Gi, G2 ... Gn from a high frequency power source D are each ferrite phase shifter dl, d2 ... dn assigned. Through

as elektrische Steuerung der Phasenschieber kann die Lage der von den Erregern abgestrahlten Welle geändert und dadurch der Antennenstrahl P in bezug auf die Achse O-X des Reflektors (Fig. 1) seitlich geschwenkt werden.The electrical control of the phase shifter can change the position of the wave emitted by the exciters and thereby the antenna beam P can be pivoted laterally with respect to the axis OX of the reflector (FIG. 1).

Die mechanische Abtastbewegung wird dadurch bewirkt, daß der zylindrisch-parabolische Reflektor ι um seine Achse O-X gedreht wird. Hierzu ist der Reflektor mittels einer Wiege 3 in auf seiner Achse O-X zentrierten Lagern drehbar abgestützt.The mechanical scanning movement is effected in that the cylindrical-parabolic reflector is rotated about its axis OX. For this purpose, the reflector is rotatably supported by means of a cradle 3 in bearings centered on its axis OX.

Durch die Kombination der elektronischen Abtastbewegung (seitliches Schwenken des Antennenstrahls) und der gemäß der Erfindung vorgesehenen mechanischen Abtastbewegung (Drehung des Reflektors um seine Achse O-X) beschreibt der Antennenstrahl P, wenn die elektronische und die mechanische Abtastbewegung konstant gehalten werden, einen Kegel mit dem Spitzenhalbwinkel a. Durch Steuern der Phasenschieber, das im allgemeinen kontinuierlich erfolgt, gegebenenfalls aber von einer Rechenmaschine nach einem im voraus bestimmten Programm bewirkt werden kann, kann dieser Kegelwinkel des Antennenstrahls sehr rasch geändert werden. Auf diese Weise ermöglicht die Antennenvorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung die völlige Abtastung eines konischen Sektors des Raumes. Um von einem konischen Raumsektor auf einen anderen abzutastenden Raumsektor azimutal übergehen zu können, ist eine waagerechte Verschwenkung der Antennenvorrichtung erforderlich. Bei der in Fig. ι dargestellten Ausführungsform ist zu diesem Zweck die den Reflektor 1 tragende Wiege 3 auf einem Sockel 4 um eine senkrechte Achse 0-7, in waagerechter Richtung einstellbar gelagert. Es kann die Anordnung auch derart getroffen werden, daß die Antennenvorrichtung außerdem um eine waagerechte Achse in senkrechter Richtung eingestellt werden kann.By combining the electronic scanning movement (lateral pivoting of the antenna beam) and the mechanical scanning movement provided according to the invention (rotation of the reflector about its axis OX) , the antenna beam P describes a cone with the apex half-angle if the electronic and mechanical scanning movements are kept constant a. This cone angle of the antenna beam can be changed very quickly by controlling the phase shifters, which is generally carried out continuously, but can optionally be effected by a computer according to a program determined in advance. In this way, the antenna device according to the invention enables a conical sector of space to be completely scanned. In order to be able to move azimuthally from a conical spatial sector to another spatial sector to be scanned, a horizontal pivoting of the antenna device is necessary. In the embodiment shown in Fig. Ι the cradle 3 carrying the reflector 1 is mounted on a base 4 about a vertical axis 0-7, adjustable in the horizontal direction for this purpose. The arrangement can also be made such that the antenna device can also be adjusted about a horizontal axis in the vertical direction.

Claims (2)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE:PATENT CLAIMS: 1. Antennenvorrichtung für ein Radargerät derjenigen Art, das mit einer Kombination einer mechanischen und einer elektronischen Abtastbewegung arbeitet und einen zylindrischparabolischen Reflektor aufweist, der von einer längs der Brennlinie des Reflektors angeordneten Zeile von Erregern angestrahlt wird, derart, daß die elektronische Abtastbewegung durch Ändern der Lage der Phasenebene der von der Zeile der Erreger abgestrahlten Welle erhalten wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die mechanische Abtastbewegung durch. Drehen des zylindrisch-parabolischen Reflektors (1) um seine Achse (O-X) erfolgt.1. Antenna device for a radar device of the kind that works with a combination of a mechanical and an electronic scanning movement and has a cylindrical parabolic reflector which is illuminated by a line of exciters arranged along the focal line of the reflector, so that the electronic scanning movement by changing the Position of the phase plane of the wave radiated from the line of exciters is obtained, characterized in that the mechanical scanning movement by. The cylindrical-parabolic reflector (1) is rotated about its axis (OX) . 2. Antennenvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Achse (O-X) des zylindrisch-parabolischen Reflektors (1) im Azimut in an sich bekannter Weise um eine senkrechte Achse (0-Z) einstellbar ist.2. Antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis (OX) of the cylindrical-parabolic reflector (1) is adjustable in azimuth in a manner known per se about a vertical axis (0-Z). In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften:Considered publications: Deutsche Auslegeschrift Nr. 1 084790;German Auslegeschrift No. 1 084790; USA.-Patentschrift Nr. 3 013 266;U.S. Patent No. 3,013,266; »Nachrichtentechnik«, 1962, Heft 1, S. 9 bis 12;"Nachrichtenentechnik", 1962, Issue 1, pp. 9 to 12; »Proceedings IRE«, 1957, November, S. 1510 bis 1517;"Proceedings IRE", 1957, November, p. 1510 until 1517; »Bell Laboratories Record«, 1962, April, S. 118 bis 123.-Bell Laboratories Record, 1962, April, p. 118 up to 123.- Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen1 sheet of drawings
DE19631441888 1962-09-19 1963-09-03 Antenna device for a radar device Expired DE1441888C1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR909870 1962-09-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1441888C1 true DE1441888C1 (en) 1971-06-09

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE19631441888 Expired DE1441888C1 (en) 1962-09-19 1963-09-03 Antenna device for a radar device

Country Status (4)

Country Link
DE (1) DE1441888C1 (en)
DK (1) DK103660C (en)
FR (1) FR1602859A (en)
GB (1) GB1221922A (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4034374A (en) * 1975-11-10 1977-07-05 International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation Sequential lobing track-while-scan radar
WO2022217198A1 (en) * 2021-04-07 2022-10-13 Hughes Network Systems, Llc A hybrid scanning antenna

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1084790B (en) * 1956-02-22 1960-07-07 Siemens Ag Albis Arrangement for the transmission of the driving force for the continuous pivoting of a directional antenna
US3013266A (en) * 1957-04-18 1961-12-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp Beam steering apparatus employing ferrites

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1084790B (en) * 1956-02-22 1960-07-07 Siemens Ag Albis Arrangement for the transmission of the driving force for the continuous pivoting of a directional antenna
US3013266A (en) * 1957-04-18 1961-12-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp Beam steering apparatus employing ferrites

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1221922A (en) 1971-02-10
FR1602859A (en) 1971-02-08
DK103660C (en) 1966-01-31

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