DE1439547A1 - Electromagnetic device without armature - Google Patents

Description

Patent application

dar FiröB

St3inert-31ektromagnetbau, Cologne-Braunsfeld, Widdersdorfer

St. 329-331

"Electromagnetic device without armature

The invention "relates to an electromagnetic device without anchor with any, such as tape roll, drum, S-shaped or similarly designed electromagnets for their use as Uberbandmagnetseheider, loan, load lifting, Sehutamagnete od. Like. Below in multi-pole, about three-pole Execution or as a series of multi-pole, especially three-pole% stems.

It is possible in and of itself »the effectiveness of such Devices by generally increasing the field strength. For a given pole system, this is again only by increasing the flooding of the possible, which means a higher power consumption, higher heating and a stronger decrease in the excitation current and hereby means of the electromagnetic potential.

809807/0220 BAD OBiGiNAU

1139547

The principal Fanned express is that the actual poles usually cover only a small part of the effective magnetic surface of the various known types "Again, this is mostly because of the Pail, because often the / _greatest;.., § · part of the G-erätevo lumens is required to accommodate a .sufficient winding. - = '..: ·:,

The invention is based on the task, the magnetic force,., in particular the lifting force or separation force: des Ife.gn.eten, with a simultaneous reduction in operating and, if applicable, ». production costs to increase.

The invention breaks new ways to increase the effectiveness of the electromagnetic anchorless it device-j based on the .Erkenntnis that this by increasing DER "■■■ '; eldstärkevektore effective pole face of the electromagnet on the one hand and / or the orientation of the ^. On the other hand, it is possible to achieve. line enlargement of the normal component of the ';"-; ■■ ...- ■ -. ■ .. ' -o · - ·

a) by rotating the vector of the field strength or the separation force, and-. -

b) by rotating the vector of the field strength or

the separation force and increase of its value / ■■ 8Ö9 80 7/0 22 0 ^:

: _t / '■',; ■■ - '■ - ■' \ BAD GBIGINAL

be achieved «-

In the subject matter of the "two" above made use of the specified precautions. The anchorless electromagnetic Device according to the invention is characterized in that it has poles or "pole legs with the smallest possible size" Pole or pole leg spacing and largest possible pole or pole leg pitch and that a part of the provided on the poles or pole legs or some of the same axial or Housed radial coils inside these poles or pole arms and as potential-controlling, in connection with the main coil or coils, influencing the flux distribution Auxiliary coils are formed.

In this way, above all else, it is possible to use the lifting force a lifting magnet to increase by about 40 ', so to achieve a surprising result that a leaps and bounds the technology represents.

There are other possibilities according to the invention for example in that. through the arrangement and dimensioning the auxiliary coils as well as the choice of their flow through the potential distribution changeable or controllable on the surface of the poles, as well as the direction of those emerging from the poles or in these entering field lines in the Kagnat pole area can be influenced or controlled.

Further features, modifications, details and advantages of the object of the invention go from the nacts-teaenaen description i: r. "usaomenliang XSL ~ a ^a n ^drawings: $ iervor- in

'äi; s ^ n ξ ei;' en:

.809807 / 0220 BAD ÖWG1NAL

Hg. 1 a schematic representation of a pole pair, from which the main disadvantages of a conventional. System emerge in principle; _: . ■ ;. i. "-. /

Hg. 2 the conventional three-pole system with reference to '. .-. ■ on pole face; · _R. ''. ■ ^;

Pig »3 a three-pole system according to the invention with reference to the pole face; ^::: ".'_". .

Hg. 4 an embodiment of the invention of the three-pole Electromagnet tape reel; . ' ■ '

Pig. 4a and 4 "b two further embodiments of the central poles of three-pole systems according to the invention;

Pig. 5 the center pole ring, an electromagnet tape roll according to the invention; ... ._. , ;; _: ; ·.

Pig. 6, a further three-pole imple mentation sf-orm of the invention for electromagnets, Schutzmagn ^{v ete:} iand magnets for ""Öib'erb andmagnet makers who sinngemäß- "tripolar as Äareihung of ■ η systems applicatio-nd ^ is ar;

Pig. 7 the vertical section * dü'rGh 'eiiheη pot magnets of the' -: conventional system _r - ""'"'" - ---''- ". ■ - '■ - .. ■ Pig. 8 and 9 largely simplified PeldlDilder inside. ■ '· .. ■ "■ oeläs.teter l-iagnete- of the conventional system (Pig. 8) and according to the invention (-Pig .. 9) ·"■'"'■., .- · "-? '■:" ■■■ ^Λ

The first step of the ^ ■ -Srf consists of - the above "specifications and individual Piguren drawings, in particular the comparison of the" Pig "3 with i!% vv: 1i.qmd € ^{r -heiv-o-r gehtV"} fiMuia ^ '' iarliiy lie "Pole""or ^ PolsaHehkeiL not on rusting

80-980 7/0 2 2 0. "^;

- \ - '*'. ' ■: ■■ ·· -. ^: ". ■""" BAD ORIGINAL

143BS47

- 3 ~

des itlQl ^ elrmsm & s za. If the .magnetic potential is maintained, then an increase in the cross-section of the BoIe has a threefold thinning in the thermal view of the sky as a result * that the absorbed power is increased in this way, ml, line any increase in the acceptance power is again not possible because In the windings, very fast performance can be achieved, which can lead to a touch of the firarätesföhxen

Calculated by tie lla ^ öLe1; benäcKbarten oTjBrflEche T nao. "! H iig 1 and the two Bolkantem TMAE Ssitenfiächen two" Boie enthalte-

W ₁ . Vmä B «lisgren ^ te Eaum represents a critical laraa eiraes every IPplpaarfiat. Inside this Ba.umßB are in springs bin & t tie i; orKp, lk _t omponents of the field strength related to visual. In this Saffi ^^ gibrt it Auserd a dursh in Sg, 1 Doppelsölirafxur itoenntlieh gejHEachte zone Z., In which the! Kormaljtomponenten go against Sulljund by "PTuIl, Wahei gleicha-eitig the tang © ni7ialen JE ^ iipönenten their Mfeinsten achieve value © ihen »This is the ttnwirifcsaiiiPit ^ e: & eteiet des Baipaares =. IHe maeli number §er Bale - η is dias ^ Zgaeft-1;" times formed »

The dit igestricheXten ünien, drawn Jtolsshuhe according to TIg ο 1 sifeellen also do not represent a particularly effective aid, because although they reduce the maintenance between the Bols, but the magnetic circuit by an additional

mind ieiaaisn MSieiram BoifciemtlaIbVBaiIbaiSit; in the »DI® Äezt ^ alissibzraäig äsa? .SreiibB -ä-ear

a EeaX-earfvOlg ^ #a M> eiibei M * e "Bolifc-aübaiHg Ifc -3?

furthermore iSeitt m & eh. : äea? EriJEiiiäqiaag IbesitaM; racnbea? BeaSlcfc-

BsIr- l5zw, JEtoliSsa ^ iikelteil.aaaag It lsi Mbeiaisi; HiiL BälaJbB-tsiicL s

z dear iSiüSh in «SireaaiZfaiLl iäem AQiwar * aiälieTir Cs ~» © l », The Tale ües. ejr ^ ntEtiagsgiemaiBeiL ^ eaiätes wea ^ üBii skaüaer- mektgefoem & st

miä ^ sagXeisIh frea ©! hiEL &e; faie Beä3.e Aei · ißLÄoa ^ gsm —im eirier moreii 1toaikeihiTa; j3.g Taasii jiear maiSiÄtrig— ■ -slm & og $ -

ILer BoXb = wii! ΒΟΏαΛ Äcrjeü M ^ sj! Mm? §MMg moM. lammmtem

t ^. · IaB Si «BalLfiaciiie IP feaa ^ fesl ^ M

mi "ties bsi .Iskt ^ ea ^ w®iiäitn _ä g 't ^ grel

Sem JEkipLp

Bsi '^ BWumzisug ^ Ba ^ tc ^^ lLX ^ em.rM ^ stmisE ^ -hwfi » % ei Bpsibsmeii anij;

3! OlBn liiegB ^ i IiB TsaaffiliataBe m * ma. mim

As ^: % θ Mg. * 2'-can be seen, the usual three-pole system has ei'öe -gttnetigdePole division t. The coil generates a magnetic potential D with a trapezoidal distribution in the pole face "Fnach Eg. 2".

In the three-pole system according to the invention according to Mg. 3, on the other hand, main and auxiliary coils are provided, their partial potentials with Hp »D <» Η. » and which together represent the magnetic Potential D (H)

The cost of materials is the same as according to Pig. 2 stayed and the power consumption of the device has not changed either

a) an increase in the amount of the field strength as a whole Area of activity, and

- ^r - b) a reduction in the angle between the magnitude of the • field strength and its normal component.

Along the lines AB, CD and EF according to FIGS. Entry angle of the field lines remained almost unchanged.

The vector of lies along the lines CB and DE in FIG Field length almost tangential to the pole face P, so that the normal component of the field strength approaches the range zero (Hy «4 0). According to FIG. 3, this is only the case for the lines JH and IVBiT the case, which are kept very small. - Along the

809807/622 «

Stretch. _!?. Running CJ, BH, DM and ELT field lines under one exit "or inlet angle formed by ctie length ken this Strek- and determines the flooding of the auxiliary coils Hv and H This results in numerous favorable utilization possibilities. -. - · ·

Tests on electromagnets have shown that with a flooding that was only Q && of the flooding usual for this device size, an increase in the separating force of $ 38 ^:

. ι

kicked. '·'' ^: \

An advantageous variant of the invention consists, for example, in that at least one narrow separating joint or IMt o is provided in a pole plate covering the auxiliary coil in viewing the plane of symmetry of the system. ' By such a separating line or the like, a potential jump ^ to -one / higher value is achieved, so that the potential distribution is no longer. is trapezoidal, but from. an overlay "of trapezoids. If a separating joint is provided for each pole, the effectiveness of the separator can be further increased. ■ -

In the case of three-pole electromagnetic tape reels or in a row of three-pole systems the arrangement is approximately according to Eig. 4, - 4a, 4b chosen. The liLttelpol carries any number of auxiliary coils, which are arranged and used in such a way that they are independent νο, η of the selected magnetic circuit. (Approaching or meeting ■ tion) in connection with the main coils aiond b and, if necessary, with the -: 8Q98Q7 / ß.22a / ,,. . . V

in or, respectively, aa the AusSempolen accommodated auxiliary spins all Sparks of the S & ttelpolob must give the same itolarity. These auxiliary coils influence the magnetic potential distribution on the central pole surface and the ElüB distribution inside the land roll ,.

^{According to "11} Ig-. 4, two outer poles are assigned to the so defined Ättelpol, which contain either no or a certain number of auxiliary coils, which are arranged and dimensioned in such a way that they give all points of the outer pole surface an opposite polarity to the central pole and which influence magnetic potential distribution at the outer pole pools.

The central and outer pole jacket rings of the tape rolls according to ^ ig * 6 have narrow Irennfugen provided in the ferromagnetic material 0. or ring out, these parting lines c can with the help a diamagnetic Jfeteriäls can be closed again * Such ! Separation lines influence the potential distribution in the Following, the Erennfuge can be at any point between Initially arranged with bundles of auxiliary coils

However, it is advantageous to use the auxiliary deflections and! Erennfugen to be arranged in such a way that symmetrical systems result * The fairy joints can instead of straight s'ägetorvenfijriaig odea? in be trained in a consistent manner.

The excitation of the Ipulen a and h (arunder excitation) and possibly * the the coil is advantageously influenced during operation, You can use slip rings and desire with tape rolls

8098Q7 / Q22Q

will"

.Bsi BaTaJbrolLlL-Bn with alternating Baien f ^ - D 'waissem-ffli «nleren & en ΙΒοΙ © Im JbÄehmzng« a die 4ηο: τ # ηΐ3ΐ!) £ aas ^ Ha. M ^ g * 4a mnä. feeXietoig many auxiliary spallies »nf ,, which are arranged sand Jbceme» e «n, da © si © in ITsrtoind ^ 1) ·» ·,

33rd + 1! allLieaa Jkriktfcen a box (a · © gl © i © lteai] £ g © BolariifcSi;

so

im iime ^ ea iter

elin © BsacLmliLe cto ^ eii -zsf ei neirteale Bei «

wa.ü. angeoränet siaä ,. clai äie Siainme ilnrer i lio23L is »

Äirtat- ia> ad AmSeiippiriiigea koioaiea Boliriiage in

analeren Amyr3mm.g iroarseseiien will be ,. Staibt ¹ ZWSi Spalen a ιιοά 1> »5 iäöaiien Ijelieijig iriele Spialem a ~ -a irerWieate * wex- whose Mcregsing in Beifcrieb" verSnäerit weardeiia. Feaaa. Bie EaüL HiXf it jaiileη imsgesamt or tjezogen on "· BoXpaar can!" Gasoline- faXXe beXiajbig be warmed *.,

At JüislMebemagneten, Scnujfczpajiigneten land magnets for over-band biagnetic cutters, a three-pole length can be naeli fig. β or a series of different systems are used · Such magnets are also used with the help of sspiiX en, ". similar to ο ei the other embodiments of the invention dealt with above ^;

equipped. The center pole and outer pole plates can also have narrow separating joints or the like in the ferromagnetic material.

The lifting magnets _f protective magnets and magnets for overband magnets can be designed with alternating poles (η) and equipped with auxiliary coils.

The electromagnetic drums are equipped in a corresponding design with axial or radial coils, of which a rope is designed as an auxiliary coil to achieve the effect described above.

At one in SIg. 7, the pot load-love affair of the conventional type shown in section, the load L, which can for example consist of a steel plate, forms its anchor. A uniform air gap 4 can be provided between the load L and the lifting magnet for measurement purposes. In the areas below the bolt surface AB, CD, EF the 5 formal component of the induction 'is relatively large (about 10 kG <By <20 kG), in all points of the circular ring area between the central and outer pole (represented by the lines BC and DE) -If the induction is very small, its lines of force return at a certain point in Pig. 8 by dashed lines around the point. The only exception to this is the edge surfaces of this circular ring, because the influence of the pole edges CD and DE is noticeable in them.

In the case of well-dimensioned round lifting magnets, there is; the'

809807/022 °

' Sum of the ferromagnetic areas

Total pole surface

at approx. 0.35 »even mostly below that. The proportion of the circular ring area, which makes up approx. 65 ° of the pole surface, in the total tensile force is a maximum of 10 ° / o .. __ .

In order to increase the tensile forces in this area, the invention provides embodiments in which auxiliary poles are arranged so that they have the same polarity as the main poles to which they are assigned, although there is a magnetic potential difference between them, the space between the Auxiliary poles and the main pole is made usable for receiving part of the excitation winding. The auxiliary and main poles are covered with the help of a common pole plate P ¹ , which is provided with a separating joint or hat on any part. The advantage of this training arises from the consideration of the Pig, Bund 9, which reproduce an extremely simplified PeIdT picture inside a loaded lifting magnet »

Around the Pp! Edges A ¹ and 3 'of a magnet of the conventional system, according to Mg, 8 sigh scattering forms, which are responsible for the relatively high value of the induction in the band zones of the circular ring. In the remaining area, which is through the route A * B-. ¹ , the field lines emerge from the "yoke J", overcome the diamagnetic distances between the jooh and the load and see their way through the ferromagnetic iron. In iem area an ir * ^ i- ^ ,. & -tore, h οίηρ; - * po ^ -> - f rs ^ pi + ^ τ.ί ni ρ "^ ¹ -

OBlGSHAL

This flow reverses the area shown in the illustration.

By dividing the excitation winding in the Tön E ¹ A 'area and installing a secondary or auxiliary _{pole P 1} according to Pig. 9 a considerable increase in induction is achieved in the pole surface under P ... This auxiliary _{pole P 1} "forms a (ferromagnetic) lifting link to the KLttelpol. This magnetic shunt has the same polarity as the center pole and can be connected to it with the aid of the aforementioned pole plate P '.

As a result, the formal components of 4 induction are strengthened in the entire area A ^r C because they use ferromagnetic paths on their way from the yoke to the bridge, which cause a lower magnetic potential loss than the same air paths. The joint c in this pole plate P ¹ can To control scattering in points P ¹ and A ¹ , the already increased pulling force of the lifting magnet can still be improved.

With these load lifting magnet designs, the above can be in connection with the expression of the 'fig. 7 specified ratio can be brought to a value of 0.65.

809807/0220

Claims (20)

Se 707 12.12.1964 "Patent Claims j." 1. Electromagnetic device without armature with "any, for example" tape reel drum, E-shaped or similarly designed electromagnet, for their use as a tape reel, drum, tJberbandmagnetscheider, lifting, load lifting, protective magnets od. Dg %. including in multi-pole, approximately three-pole design or as a series of multi-pole, in particular three-pole systems, characterized in that it has poles or pole legs with the smallest possible pole or pole leg spacing (s) and the largest possible pole or pole leg pitch (t) and that (possibly) a part of the axial or radial coils provided on the poles or pole legs or some of the same in the interior of these poles .bzw. Pole leg is housed, and control in connection with the main coils or as an auxiliary coil, the potential distribution in the pole faces and _the: influence flux distribution. = 2. Electromagnetic device according to Claim 1, characterized in that that by the arrangement of the auxiliary poles, the pole ·. plates and dimensioning of the auxiliary coils as well as the choice of their Flooding the. Potential distribution on the surface of the Pole changeable or controllable as well as the direction of the -. ■ the poles, exiting or entering these field lines along at least some of the auxiliary coil cross sections adjoining Sections along the magnetic pole surface (P) can be influenced or is controllable. 80 98 0 7/02 20 ' 3. Electromagnetic device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized characterized in that the excitation of the main coils, e.g., a, Td (Basic excitation) and / or that of the auxiliary coils during operation is controllable, 4. Electromagnetic device according to claims 1 "to 3, characterized in that that in the formation of the electromagnet as a tape roll to regulate the excitation slip rings and regulator to serve. 5. Three-pole electromagnetic device according to claims 1 and 2 < characterized in that the cross-sections of the auxiliary coils are concentric, namely inside and outside the main winding and are different in their cross-sections and / or designed differently with respect to the winding material. 6. Electromagnetic device according to the preceding claims, characterized in that with alternating pole pairs at least ^ e two auxiliary coils or windings are provided per pole are. 7. Electromagnetic device according to 'claims 1 to 6, there-by characterized that in the ferromagnetic material of the device or its accessories narrow Erennfugeri (c) or beware of the management of a potential as a permanent superimposing voltage is intended, "~ 'WHEEL ORIGINAL 8Q98Q7 / G220 8. Electromagnetic device after; Claims 1 "to 7, thereby characterized in that one serving as a cover of an auxiliary coil Pole plate has at least one narrow joint or groove. -. "" "" ■ 9. Electromagnetic device naeh claims 1 to 7, characterized characterized in that a parting line is provided per auxiliary coil 10. Electromagnetic device according to claims 1 to 4, characterized marked that in the! training of the electromagnet as a roll of tape the parting lines (c) or grooves in the center · ^ and Aujenmantelring provided. 11. Electromagnetic device according to claims 1 to 4 and 9 "dadtir £! H: - ^ elfennze ± initiates that" in the training some slectrö- * magnets as a tape roll with two these externally projecting neutral 3? Ole.n these, Identify parting lines in your professional magnet-iron.% erial *.. ^: 12. An apparatus according to llektrefflagnetisches Ansprüeshen 1 to 4 * ΐιη: ά 9 and 11, characterized gekennzeiohnet _t that in the Ausbiidünf of "llfktreniagneten than- BanäiOlle the Errefuni; seinef Hau ^ t '* ^ ^ siiüLlfiitaCajb /« ._ ■ * η. ), ά, ίι * Gafundevregung, ■ lind which the auxiliary coils can be regulated during operation * 022 fr - 13 · Electromagnetic device according to claims 1 "to 12, characterized characterized in that the parting lines adhere to a straight line or sawtooth-shaped or similar course. 14. Electromagnetic device according to claims 1 and 7 Ms 13, characterized in that the parting lines by means of a diamagnetic material can be closed. ^ .Elektromagnetisches device according to claim 1, characterized through its use with coil-shaped electromagnets with any number of alternating poles (2-n), which have the same polarity in all points (positive or negative). 16. Electromagnetic device with tape roll-shaped, outside by two neutral PcLe-closed electromagnets according to claims 1 to 4, 9 to 14, characterized in that, that the neutral poles are zero or any number Contained by electrical coils that are dimensioned and arranged are that the sum of the magnetic fluxes is equal to full si ». 17 · Electromagnetic device with S-load lifting magnets according to claim 1, characterized in that the central pole in the three-pole system or in other pole systems Hen one or more auxiliary poles are assigned so that a) the auxiliary poles have the same polarity as 809807/0220 the main poles they are assigned to, though there is a magnetic potential difference between them and - '■ b>) the space between the auxiliary poles and the main pole '". to accommodate part of the excitation winding 18. Electromagnetic device with E-load Eebemagneten after Claims 1 and 17V characterized in that the Outer poles are designed similar to the inner pole "resp. the inner poles. - 19 «Electromagnetic device with electric load lifting magnets Claims 1, 17 and 18, characterized in that the auxiliary poles and main poles have a common pole plate ". ■ - ■ -. (P ₂ )... 20. Electromagnetic device with electric load lifting magnets An.spru.chen 1 and 17 to 19, characterized in that that 'the pole plate (Pp) at any point between two auxiliary poles or between the auxiliary pole and main pole is provided and grooves or separating joints having" ........ . .