DE1438933A1 - Method for controlling a switching mechanism - Google Patents

Description

BBC

BROWN, BOVERI & CIE · AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT _ΒΒΛ « _{ΑΙ ΒΛ} ™,

MANNHEIM BROWN BOVERI

Mp.no. 505/64 Mannheim, July 24th, 1968

'Pat / H / W

File: P 14 38 933.4

¹¹ Procedure for controlling a rear derailleur "

The invention relates to a method for controlling a switching mechanism, in particular for electric traction vehicles according to the voltage comparison system, in which a certain switching stage is set on a control switch (target position transmitter), to which the switching mechanism coupled to an actual position transmitter follows, and in which the control switch (Set position transmitter) has several switches with two positions each, the number of these switches being smaller than the number of switching stages of the control switch, and the set position of the control switch being represented by the combination of the positions of the switches as a unique coded position value.

There are already electrical follow-up controls for rear derailleurs known, in which both the setpoint generator and the receiver coupled to the switchgear each switching stage a special one Switching contact is assigned. These switching contacts are connected to one another by lines, so that at least as many connection lines are required as there are switching positions. In another known follow-up control Only three control lines are required as a minimum, because only the commands "Up", "Down" and "Zero" can be given. With such a control, however, it is not possible to control a defined, predetermined switching stage.

It is the object of the invention to provide a control method for setting the switching stage of a switching mechanism to a switching stage set on the setpoint generator, which avoids the disadvantages described above, manages with a few connection lines between the setpoint generator and receiver and the use of contactless elements instead of normal switches allows. 909882/048 5

niArt7iiAi * 2N ^ - 2 -

The solution to the problem "ordered according to the invention is that

a) the coded nominal position value is represented in a binary code and transmitted to a converter and in this ± n an electrical voltage (target voltage value) that has a clear relationship to the set target position, is implemented,

b) that the switching mechanism is coupled to a position transmitter is, in which the switch position is represented in the same way as with the setpoint position transmitter as a value encoded in a dual code which is converted into the actual voltage in a converter, which is clearly related to the actual position of the Derailleur stands,

c) that the nominal voltage value is transmitted via a two-wire line to the location of the switchgear and with that at the output of the Converter pending actual voltage value is compared and that in the event of a voltage difference between the output of the converter of the setpoint position generator and the input of the converter of the actual position transmitter in a manner known per se as long as a command for an adjustment of the switching mechanism is given as there is a difference between the two voltages until the Is position of the switchgear and the position * development of the control switch (setpoint position transmitter) is achieved.

909882/0485 _Μ0ΒΜ1Λ

- 3 - 505/64

Each position of the setpoint generator corresponds to a very specific one Combination of the position of a number of switches with only two positions, those with the setpoint generator or the switching mechanism are coupled. When using e.g. three of these

Switch aind then 2 ^ = 8 with 4 switches 2 ⁴ = 16 or with 5

5 ^x η

Switches 2 = 32 or generally speaking with η switches Combinations possible. The position of the switch should in the following in the switched-on state with Ii and in the switched-off state are denoted by O.

Purely the assignment of the switching stages of the setpoint generator to the Various codes are possible with switch combinations, the most popular of which is the binary code. The binary code has opposite Other codes have the advantage that when assigning a specific power number of the number two to each of the switches by addition the assigned .switching stage is linked. This will be explained using an example.

Table 1

Switch position switching position switch

1 2 3

0 0 0 0

1 LOO

2 OLO

3 LLO

4 0 0 L.

5 LOL

6 0 L L

7 LLL

909882/0485 " ⁴ "

- * - H38933 505/64

If with the switch 1 z, B a voltage of 1 volt, with the switch 2 a voltage of 2 volts and the switch 3 a voltage of 4 volts can be switched on is through the addition of these voltages each reproduces a voltage, bar, the size of which corresponds to the number of stages set by the setpoint generator. At level 5, for example, is in our example Switch 1 has a voltage of 1 volt, switch 2 has a voltage of 0 volts and switch 3 has a voltage of 4 volts, so that when Adding this voltage to 5 volts according to level 5 results in »The use of a binary code has the big one Advantage that the voltage increases by a certain value from step to step »

If the rear derailleur to be controlled is provided with the same type of so-called which are operated in the same way and the same voltage values are switched on by switches 1, 2 and 3, results from the same switching step at the setpoint generator and the like switching stage on the switching mechanism for the Switches applied voltages have the same value.

The two voltage values are held against each other So if the switching stage positions of the setpoint generator and the switching mechanism are not the same, there is always a differential voltage that is used for this purpose can be to operate the drive of the switching mechanism until the voltage difference has become zero, with then the position of the setpoint device and switchgear match «

The binary code, however, has the technical part that when changing from one to the next switching stage, there are several switching stages must change the position of more than one switch at the same time. This is, for example, «in the arrangement with three switches the case at the transition from stage 3 to 4, whereby all 3 switches have to change their position, or at the transition from stage 5 to 6, whereby switches 1 and 2 must change their position. If, for example, the transition from level 4 to 5 takes place at the switches 1 and 2 are not very exactly at the same time, then incorrect commands for the tap positions are briefly issued by the setpoint generator given in case of a lag, e.g. switch 1

909 88 2/0485

-5-

BATH ORIGINAL

the signal I O L is then briefly opposite the switch 2 and if switch 2 is too bad, the signal OIL or at a lag of switch 3 the signal O O O, which the stage 5 or level 6 or level O instead of level 4, at. If it is possible to build the setpoint generator so precisely that the switch is switched without a time difference, (this should stay below a few milliseconds) the control system will work properly. in the In practical operation, such an accuracy is not easy to maintain with a setpoint generator with a high switching frequency received, so that in the event of insufficient maintenance there is a possibility of incorrect connections.

In a further development of the method according to the invention, a lower manufacturing accuracy is required for the setpoint generator permissible by having the switches coupled to the setpoint generator or switching mechanism coded according to a progressive code Combination can be operated. With such a progressive code, the levels of the setpoint generator, e.g. with 3 switches, follow Switch positions assigned to switches 1 to 3

Table 2 Switch position counter 3 ... CVl 0 Switching stage 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 L. I. 0 1 1 L. I. CVl 0 L. I. 3 0 L. L. 4th I. 0 I. 5 J ₁ 0 6th 0 7th

As can be seen from Table 2 above, only one changes in the progressive code from level to level Switch position so that when this code is used there are no incorrect switching possibilities, as described above.

909882/0485

BATH

The signals coded according to the progressive code can be * ever, do cn not readily convert into a voltage that of Increases step by step by the same value. In the method according to the invention is therefore provided that after a Signals encoded in progressive code are converted into signals encoded according to the binary code in a Godier converter. The converted, Signals encoded according to the binary code can then be switched to one of the switching stages of the in the manner described above Correct the voltage corresponding to the setpoint generator.

An arrangement for carrying out the method according to the invention is that a setpoint ^{generator is provided with (a y} single-pole, in particular contactless Sehaltera, whose current-carrying contacts or outputs are connected to the inputs of each switch assigned to each switch The outputs of each multivibrator are connected to the / inputs of a coding converter and that the outputs of this coding converter are connected to the inputs of an output stage which evaluates the signals and amplifies them and at the output of which there is a voltage -a & corresponding to the set switching stage of the setpoint generator , the size of which is increased by a constant voltage value from switching stage to switching stage, and an arrangement constructed in the same way for determining the actual value of an actual value transmitter coupled to the switching mechanism to be operated, the actual value transmitter which is present at the output of the output stage of this arrangement Voltage is connected to the voltage present at the output stage against each other and fed to a control member and that the output of this control member is connected to the actuator of the switching mechanism, so that this is in the presence of a voltage difference between the output of the output stage reproducing the target value and the output stage representing the actual value is adjusted as long as there is a voltage difference.

Used for recoding from the progressive code into a binary code according to the invention of a coding converter with (n-1}

■ *

909882/0485

Exclusive-OR members, of which one input ^ of the associated end members s (it · the inputs of the Cod'ie: rwÄndlerS "WrbiinaeniBt tnü the second input of the T-end elements is connected to one of the outputs of the next Sxolusiv-OR element and that the inputs to the last sub-member of the exclusive-OR member are connected to the input of the coding edge and that the last Input with a Veratärkerstufe and its output directly with the output of the coding converter is connected.

The coding converter takes advantage of the fact that the transition from one to the next switching step of the setpoint generator with the £ rogreeeivcode if the following step is used for one switching step Row of signals (see Table 1} since signal L has, the signal of the previous row changes. Below a row should the characters standing vertically one below the other are understood. With the help of an exclusive-OR element, according to the invention the respective signal is converted so that from the progressiv.codie »» th signal results in a value coded according to a binary code. This is done, naobjde «in the scheme laid down in Table 2a,

Table 2a

Signal des Progres- Signal des Progres- Signal des sivcode sivcode binary code

e.g. row t e.g. row 3 e.g. row Z

0 0 0

0 1 ^V LL χ 0

1 0 L

If you proceed in this way for all rows, the progressive code results in a binary code ^ As an example, it should be shown how the signal for level 3: is recoded from the progressiveode into the binary code. In the case of switching stage 'Λ of the setpoint generator, for example, the following coded signals result after the progressive code: Friction · 1 2 3 * * ST

Sofaalt stu-0 L 0 JS Jd U Λ

In accordance with what has been said above, if the following series the signal that changed the signal of the previous row. X (see table?) Xx (see table i)

..4 * 90 9882/0 ^ 85

* ■> ■ - 8th -

BAD ORiGJNAL

- 8 - '505/64

Row 3 has signal 0, so the 'signal of row 2 is not changed.

Row 2 has the signal L, so the signal of row 1 is changed, from O into the signal L.

This change results in the following signals for the three outputs on the encoder converter for level 3

Row 12 3

Switching stage 3 LLO

This signal corresponds to switching stage 3, as shown in Table 1 can be seen, coded according to a binary code.

The method according to the invention can be used both with mechanical Use switches, e.g. cam switches, coupled setpoint generators and switching mechanisms, as well as with non-contact Switches coupled setpoint device and switching mechanism. For controls that are subject to a very high switching frequency, such as E.g. for rail vehicles, you will get an arrangement with Prefer contactless elements instead of cam switches.

An embodiment of a control for carrying out the method according to the invention is shown in the drawing.

In the IVg. 1 and 2, a control is shown which is provided for the transmission of 32 switching stages (stages 0 to 31). The setpoint generator A has 5 switches A1, A2, A3 »A4, A5, which are e.g. the pig. 2 switching program shown can be actuated. Either cam switches or non-contact switches serve as switches A1 to A5 Known type of switch. As can be seen from Fig. 2, none of the switches A1 - A5 is switched on in switching stage 0, in level 1 switch A1 and the rest not etc. A scheme for the sequence of actuation of the individual switches when using a progressive code is in labeile 3 shown. The switch positions of the individual switches (A1 to A5) are assigned to the switching stage mechanism by means of a progressive code. Table 4 shows the switch positions of the individual switches of the setpoint generator for the various switching stages specified when applying a binary code.

90988 2/04 85 - 9 -

BATH

505/64

• 1 2 0 4th 5 H38933 * Switching I. 1 Tabel 4th 4th 5, 0 0 0 0 0 step 0 binary code 0 0 Table 3 I. 0 0 0 0 L. 0 0 Switching L. L. 0 0 0 0 0 CVl 3 0 0 step " 0 L. I. 0 0 1 I. 0 0 0 0 0 L. L. 0 0 CVl 0 0 0 0 0 O L. L. L. O 0 '3 L. L. 0 0 0 1 Progressive code I. 0 I. 0 0 4th 0 L. 0 0 0 2 0 0 I. 0 0 5 I. 0 L. 0 0 3 0 0 I. L. 0 ■ 6 0 0 I. I. 0 4th L. 0 L. I. 0 7th L. L. 1 1 0 5 L. I. L. L. 0 8th 0 L. I. I. 0 6th 0 L. 0 L. 0 9 I. 0 0 L. 0 7th 0 I. 0 L. 0 10 0 0 0 L. 0 8th I. L. 0 I. 0 11 I. I. • 0 L. 0 9 I. 0 0 I. 0 12th 0 L. 0 L. 0 10 0 0 0 I. 0 13th L. 0 I. L. 0 11 0 0 0 I. L. 14 - 0 0 L. 0 I. CVJ L. 0 0 I. L. 15th I. I. I. 0 I. 13th L. L. 0 L. L. 16 0 I. I. 0 Ii 14th 0 L. I. L. I. 17th L. 0 0 0 L. 15th 0 L. L. L. I. 18th 0 0 0 0 L. 16 I. L. I. L. L. 19th Il I. 0 0 L. 17th I. 0 L. L. L. 20th 0 I. 0 0 L. 18th 0 0 L. L. I. 21 I. 0 L. 0 I. 19th 0 0 L. 0 L. 22nd 0 0 L. I. L. 20th L. 0 L. 0 I. 23 I. I. L. L. 21 L. L. L. 0 I. 24 0 I. I. J ₁ I. 22nd 0 I. 0 0 L. 25th I. 0 0 I. L. 23 0 I. 0 0 I. 26th 0 0 0 I. L. 24 L. L. 0 0 I. 27 I ₁ I. 0 L. I. 25th L. 0 0 0 1 28 0 L. 0 L- I. 26th 0 0 O I. 29 L. 0 L. L. I. 27 30th 0 L. 28 31 I. I. 29 L. L. 30th 31

909882/0485

FIG. 1 also shows flip-flops Bl ... B5, which are connected upstream of a coding converter C. These flip-flops are required if contactless switching elements are used as switches 11 to A5, since these do not completely switch off the

at the exits ... ...... ".,, _{T. u} η j.

pending voltages is possible “When switching to flip-flops, no great demands need to be made on the slope of the slope of the impulses that occur when changing from one switch position to the other. When mechanical switches A1 _β ". A5 are used, the flip-flops B1 β _β · B5 can be omitted «■

As contactless switching elements can be fed back according to the invention Oscillating circuits with two inductances between which

a perforated or recessed metal disc serve to move "
bar, with undamped vibrations! can be generated with a large amplitude if there is an opening in the metal disk between the two inductors of the resonant circuit, and where only a very small voltage is generated in the resonant circuit when the metal disk is located between the two inductors Contactless switching elements between the two switching states a voltage ratio of about 1 to 4 can be achieved.

The flip-flops B1 to B5 switch when a certain voltage is reached and only switch back when the voltage falls significantly below this level. Each flip-flop has a normal output a and an inverse output b _e If the setpoint generator A, for example, is on level 1, switch A1 is switched on, the signal L is then present at output a of the flip-flop B1 and the signal O at output b The outputs Bia, Bib, “. B5a and B5b of the multivibrators are connected to the 10 inputs of the coding converter 3 "The coding converter 3 is essentially based on exclusive-OR stages. Details of the structure will be discussed below"

The task of the Godierwandler is the one at the entrance pending signals encoded according to a progressive code in after convert signals encoded with a binary code. To the exit., C1Ö to ®50 of the encoder converter O are then signals whose value

909882 / 0A85

SAD ORIGINAL "^"

- 1 * - 505/64

in table 4- for the individual levels of setpoint generator A. are specified. In Tables 3 and 4, the symbol 0 indicates the switched-off state and the switched-on state the letter L is entered

A circuit example of a coding converter according to the invention is shown in FIG. 3. This is a coding converter with 2x5 (generally n) inputs CeIa, Ce1b .. · Ce5a, Ce5b,., (Cenb), which are connected to the outputs of the trigger stages S1 ... B5 (Bn) connected, and 5 outputs Ca1 .... Ca5 ... (Can). The entrances and, apart from the input Ce5a, connected to the outputs of 4 ... (n-1) exclusive-OR elements CE1 ··· CE4 ... (CE (n-1)). Each of these Bxolusic-Oderglieäer is made up of two sub-members CE11 and CE12 as well a downstream OR element CE13.

The one input of each member of an exclusive-OR member is connected to one of the inputs of the coding converter C. So E.B. the input a dee and member CE11 with the inputs 0e1a, the Input a of the AND element CE12 with the input Celbusw · The second Input of each AND element is connected to one of the outputs of the next exolusive OR element, i.e. input b of the AND element CE12 with the output of the OR element 0Έ22 and the input b of the AND element 0B12 connected to the output of OR element CE23. The other stages are switched in the same way, with the exception of the last exclusive-OR element. DJ.β inputs a of the and links CE41 and CB42 of the last exclusive-OR link CE4 are like that the rest are connected to the associated inputs of the coding converter, ie Ce4a and Oe4b. Unlike the others, however, are the inputs b of the AND elements CE41 and CE42 are connected directly to the inputs Ce5b and Ce5a, while the rest of the circuit of the exclusive or element CB4 with those of the exclusive or elements CE1, 2, 3 is constructed in the same way. The entrance Ce5b is still over an amplifier stage CV5 led directly to the output of the coding converter Oa.

It will then be described how such a Umoodierungsvorgaag takes place in the coding converter C described above. Bs should be assumed again that at the setpoint generator Switching stage 12 has just been approached «At the inputs

909882/0485 _Äl ^"r2" BAD ORIGINAL

- 12 / - 505/64

H38933

Ce1a, Ce2a. Row 1 2 5 4 5

Signals X OLOLO)

",""Τ, _v . _{T n} τ ■ -n 'τ X progressive co-

Signaie YL ο L ο h) dated Signals Z 0 0 L L 0 binary coded.

In considering it, it is convenient to start with the last one Entrance Ce5a of our execution example.

Signal 0 is then applied to switching stage 12 at input Ce5a. This signal is sent unchanged to the output Ca5 via the amplifier stage CV5. The signal jO is therefore present at the output Ca5.

The signal L is present at the input Ce4a. This signal is given to the input of the AND element Ce42. The signal L from Ce5b is present at the other input of this AND element. This results in the signal L at output ο of the AND element. At the other AND element Ce41 of this recoding stage, the signal 0 is pending from Ce4b. At the other input of the AND element Ge41, the signal 0 is pending from Ce5a. The signal 0 is therefore present at the output ο of the AND element C β 4-1. The output signals of the AND elements Ce41 and Ce42 are given to the input of the OR element Ce43. Signal 0 is therefore present at input & of OR element Ce43 · Signal L is present at input b. The output c of the OR element Ce43 thus has the signal L. The signal L is therefore present at the output Ca4 . .

The signal 0 is present at the input Ce3a. This signal is sent to the Input of the And-member Ce32 given. The signal 0 from Ce43d is present at the other input of this and element. This results in the signal 0 at the output ο of the lower element. The signal L from Ce43o is present at the other lower element Ce31 of this recoding stage.

The signal from Ce3b is at the other input of the AND element Ce31 L at. The signal L is therefore present at the output c of the AND element Ce31. The output signals of the AND elements Ce31 and Ce32 are on the Input of the OR member Ce33 given.

The signal L is present at the input a of the OR element Ce33. The signal 0 is present at the input b of the OR element Ce33. The output c of the OR element Ce33 has the signal 1 and thus the output Qa3 also has the signal L.

909882/0485 - 13 -

The signal L is present at the input öe2a. This signal is given to the input of the AND element Ce22. The signal 0 from Ce33d is present at the other input of this AND element. This results in the signal 0 at the output c of the AND element. At the other AND element Ce21 of this recoding stage, the signal 0 is present from Ce2b. The signal I from Ce33c is present at the other input of the AND element Ce21. The signal 0 is therefore present at the output e of the AND element Ge21. The output signals of the AND elements Ge21 and Ce22 are given to the input of the .. ' OR element Ce23.

The signal 0 is therefore present at input a of the OR element Ge23 and also at input b. The output c of the OR element Ce23 has the signal 0 and thus the output Ca2 also has the signal 0.

Signal 0 is present at the Gela input. This signal is sent to the .'üingang the lower part of gel 2 given. At the other entrance of this sub-link the signal L is present from Ce23d. This results in output c of the AND element the signal 0. At the other AND element Oe11 of this recoding stage the signal L is pending from yellow. The signal 0 from Ce23c is present at the other input of the AND element /. At the output ο des And element Ce11 is alao the signal 0. lie "output signal leader And members Gel 1 and Ce12 are shown on the entry of the Odet member GeVJ given «

Signal 0 is therefore present at input a of OR element Gel 3. Also at the entrance b. The output c of the OR element Ce13 has the signal 0 and thus the output CaI also has the signal _0.

This means that the required recoding process has been carried out for our example and at the outputs of the coding converter C are the signals 0 0 1 L 0 for the switching stage 12.

The outputs of the converting converter are connected to the inputs DL .. D5 .. * of the output stage D. The signals are evaluated and amplified , evaluated, for row 1 the value 2 "= 1 for row 2 2 ² " ¹ = 2, row 3 2 ³ " ¹ = 4, row 4 2 ³ = 8 etc. up to level η with 2 ^{n is} used · '

9Q9882 / 0485

As has already been discussed, the number of stages, e.g. for level 25, according to Table 4 LOOLL, i.e. 2 ° +0+ 0 + 2 ³ + 2 * = 1 + 8 + 16 = 25. This evaluation can be carried out electrically by regrouping resistors that are connected to a constant voltage like this in the Pig. 4 and 5 e.g. for levels 0 and 3 of a total of 4 levels, in which there are only 2 switches A1 and A2, is shown according to a scheme according to Table 5. The resistance value is graded according to a power of two series, i.e. 2, 2.2, _c " _β <,. corresponding to 1, 2, 4 ... ohms

Table 5

Switching stage switch position

for switches

1 2

1 0 0 2 τ 0 3 ο 4th L. I.

In the output stage D there is such a direction for evaluating the Signals are present so that at the two outputs Da1 and Da2 output stage B has a voltage that corresponds in size to the value of the set stage of setpoint generator A, So e.g. for level 25 its voltage of 25 volts or for level 31 a voltage of 31 volts.

The actual value transmitter coupled to the switching mechanism is constructed in the same way as the setpoint transmitter and has switches A1 '.. · A5 ¹ and is constructed in the same way with downstream flip-flops B1' ... B5 *, a coding converter C ¹ and an output stage D ¹ how the elements of the setpoint generator »

The outputs of output stage D of the setpoint transmitter and output stage D ' of the actual value encoder are switched against each other in a blocked manner and feed a not shown control device for the actuator of the Sohaltwerkes, which is then operated as long as a?

- 35 909882 / 048S

BATH ORIGINAL

Voltage difference between the outputs of the output stage D and D * exists, so that the switching mechanism runs to the level set on the setpoint generator

The steamer method according to the invention can be applied to any electric locomotive. Result in particular advantages with multiple traction in multiple units and with pushed trains. In any case, it is ensured that, in the case of traction vehicles with the same power, each traction vehicle exerts the same tractive force, since the switching mechanisms are each on the same switching stage.

909882/0485

Claims (1)

Claims: H 38 9 33 Method for controlling a switching mechanism, in particular for electric traction vehicles according to the voltage comparison system, in which a certain Switching stage is set to which the switching mechanism coupled with an actual position transmitter runs, and in which the control switch (Setpoint position transmitter) has several switches, each with two positions, the number of these switches being smaller than that Number of switching stages of the control switch, and where the Sollsteü the control switch can be represented as a unique coded position value by combining the positions of the switches, characterized in that a) the coded target position value is shown in a dual code and transferred to a converter and in this into an electrical 'see voltage (target voltage value) in a unique relationship stands for the set target position, is implemented, b) that the switching mechanism is coupled to an actual position transmitter., in which the switch position is the same as for the setpoint position transmitter is represented as a value encoded in a dual code, which is converted in a converter into the actual voltage, the has a clear relationship to the actual position of the switchgear, c) that the nominal voltage value is transmitted via a two-wire line to the location of the switchgear and with that at the output of the Converter pending actual voltage value is compared and that in the case of a voltage difference between the output of the converter of the target position transmitter and the input of the converter of the actual position transmitter in a manner known per se as long as a command for an adjustment of the switching mechanism is given how there is a difference between the two voltages until one Agreement between the actual position of the switching mechanism and the position of the control switch (setpoint position transmitter) is achieved. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the figure the positions of the setpoint or actual value transmitter are first coded in a progressive code that this value in a converter in a dual code is implemented and this value is converted into an electrical voltage. 909882/0485 - 17 - 3. The method according to claim l, X2 ^ X5Xader 2, characterized in that that each of the signals generated by the switches is assigned a specific voltage and that the The values coded according to the binary code are converted by adding this voltage. $. Arrangement for carrying out the method according to claim 1 to $, characterized by a setpoint generator (A) with η single-pole, in particular contactless switches (AT, A2 ... A5 ... An) whose contacts or outputs carrying current when switched on are connected to the Inputs of one of the switches (A1, A2 ...) assigned to flip-flops (B1, B2 ,,, B5, .. Bn) are connected, the outputs of each flip-flop with the 2xn inputs (Ce1a, Ce1b ... Qe5a, CeSb ... Oena, Cenb) of a coding converter (C) and that the outputs (Ca1, Ca2 ... Ca5 ... Can) of this coding converter with the inputs (D1, D2 ... D5 ... Dn) an output stage D which carries out the evaluation of the signals and an amplification of the same is connected, at the output of which a voltage corresponding to the set switching stage of the setpoint generator (A) is present, the size of which is increased by a constant voltage value from switching stage to switching stage, and one constructed in the same way Order for the plague of I. ^{value of an actual value transmitter (A 1} ) coupled to the switching mechanism to be operated, the voltage of which at the output of the output stage (I ¹ ) of this arrangement is switched against the voltage present at the output stage (D) and is fed to a control element and that the output of this control element is connected to the actuator of the switching mechanism is connected, so that this is adjusted in the presence of a voltage difference between the output of the output stage reproducing the setpoint value (D) and the output stage (D ¹ ) representing the actual value as long as there is a voltage difference. ^909882/0485 5. Arrangement according to claim 4 with a setpoint generator (A) with η switches (A1 ... An), characterized by a coding converter with (n-1) exclusive / or members, each of which has 1 input the associated Uhdglieder (Oe 11, Ce 12 ... Ce (n-t) 2) is connected to the inputs CeIa, Ce1b ... Ce na Ce nb and the second input of the AND elements CE11, CE12 ... CE (n -2) 2) is connected to one of the outputs of the next exclusive / OR member and that the last input (Cena) is connected to a Amplifier stage (CVn) and its output directly to the output (Can) of the coding converter is connected. 6. Arrangement according to claim 4 or 5, characterized gekennzeiebnet, that the electrical connection lines of the multivibrator (B24 ... or Bn-1) and the inputs (C41a) and (C41b) or (CnIa) and (CnIb) have an intersection. 7. Arrangement according to claim 4, 5 or 6, dadurcia characterized, that the switches (A1 - A5) are made up of contactless elements in which one is fed back between two inductances Oscillation circuit provided a perforated or toothed or recessed metal disc is, in which undamped vibrations with a large amplitude are generated when there is an opening in the metal disk is located between the two inductances of the oscillating circuit and produces only a very small voltage will when the metal washer is between the two Inductors is located. 90 9882/0485 - BAD ORIGINAL