DE1401871C - Incineration plant for substances suspended or dissolved in an oxidation-resistant liquid - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an incineration plant with a cylindrical, egg-shaped or conical chamber

rotationally symmetrical incineration chamber for in to understand.

an oxidation-resistant liquid suspended It is advisable that the liquid from the separator or dissolved substances, in which the liquid for the exhaust gas line is fed into one of the

Evaporation and the residues with oxygen-thickening liquid absorbing immersion pot containing The gas flows in a helical motion between the separator and the immersion pot Burnout are brought (patent application advantageously a heat exchanger for preheating

A 14 296 I a / 24 1, issued on August 13, 1953, and the combustion air and / or the heating gas between patent application St 2876 lVb / 55 b, laid out on the between switch. In order to regain the

13.6. 1951). ίο heat of steam becomes one from the immersion pot

Chemical reactions often occur in a conduit, in which

Liquid dissolved or suspended substances which oxy- not yet condensed vapor is to be liquefied.

should be dated because they are, for example, waste. The task of oxidizing waste materials exists

are products that need to be eliminated. in technology, for example, in terms of disposal

A process is known for the incineration of by-products of acetylene production. at

Pulp liquor, whereby the waste liquor in a combustion chamber is used for the thermal cracking of hydrocarbons,

is fed. In the front area of the focal z. B. in the production of acetylene by partial

chamber is blown in tangential air, so that oxidation of hydrocarbons, by splitting

with simultaneous evaporation of incombustible hydrocarbons in an electric arc

liquid components a rotating, screw-conveying 20 or with the help of solid or gaseous heat

moderate movement of lye and air results. The wearers, creates soot, which is used as a deterrent

Flammable substances are completely injected into the hot gases, in the waste

dried and burned in the combustion chamber. A water of direct acting gas coolers and im

the main combustion chamber washing water downstream of the combustion chamber is suspended by gas filters. the

mer is used to accommodate the main amount of water in the combustion chamber 25 in a known manner

developed smoke gases and water vapor. separated by floating the soot

One passes between the two combustion chambers and it is in the form of a still highly water-containing one

The constriction is used to separate solids from the sludge. Since you have this soot-containing

to be withdrawn from the first combustion chamber (patent sludge does not run off into sewers or

registration St 2876 IVb / 55 b). 3 ° can seep into the ground, attempts have been made to

The object of the invention is to remove the soot through a rotary filter and on the incineration

Plant for burning the rust of a steam boiler in an oxidation-resistant liquid. This one

To create suspended or dissolved substances, the deficiencies mentioned at the beginning are inherent in processes.

It has been shown that you can get soot in watery

spikes occur, which control the system 35 suspension, which appropriately so much water that

extremely unfavorable influence. the mixture is still pumpable, e.g. B. 80 to

According to the invention, the object was thereby 99 percent by weight of water, according to the solved that the insertion point for the suspension invention completely and without overheating or solution in the direction of the cylinder axis one can burn. When using a suitable cylindrical combustion chamber (evaporation chamber), 40 conveying and dosing device, ζ. Β. a conveyor switch If a smaller cylindrical antechamber is screwed open, it is also possible to use a soot sludge is set, is that in this attached antechamber with less than 80 percent by weight of water in the Introduce tangentially directed inflow channels for gaseous, first zone of the combustion chamber liquid or solid fuels and gaseous oxy and without overheating according to the invention dationsmittcl open up that the evaporation 45 process to burn.

chamber a combustion chamber is flanged that in a not by a constriction, z. Legs

between the evaporation chamber and the combustion chamber cover, subdivided chamber is a complete

a diaphragm is arranged that in the evaporation oxidation because of the low concentration of

chamber tangentially directed confluence points for soot and oxygen not or only with a large one

the introduction of additional oxidizing agents before 5 ° heat input possible.

are seen and that 'the combustion chamber tangentially With the subject matter of the invention, the

opens into a cylindrical separator. mixture of the near the wall in screw

This panel divides the rotationally symmetrical movements, which are largely dry.

Chamber in two zones. In the first zone, soot finds its way through with free oxygen or air

predominantly the evaporation of the liquid and 55 an aperture between the first and the second

only partial oxidation takes place, zone reached in the second zone. The clear diameter of the aperture

the oxidation is completed. is smaller than the inside diameter of the two

Since there are no high temperature zones in the rotationally symmetrical chamber for this task. In which

spikes occur, the combustion equipment is the subject of the invention for the

no extraordinary loads

set, which inevitably results in a longer period together with the necessary combustion air

Life of the system results. As substances that are pre- ferred for the most part at the beginning of the first zone of the

to be oxidized, for example soot ", combustion chamber tangentially into a cylindrical

Acetylenpolymerisatc, polymers of other orga- antechambers with a smaller diameter than the first

Chemical compounds and sulphite waste liquors are called. 65 zone of the combustion chamber introduced, a part

Oxidation-resistant liquids are, for example, fuel and air can also be the first

wise water and sulfuric acid. Tangentially supplied to the combustion chamber under a rota- zone

for example, a symmetrical chamber is to be.

3 4

The air required to oxidize the soot or in a so-called immersion pot. In this way, the oxygen is tangentially heated in the same direction of rotation in a simple manner and either completely introduced into the antechamber or thickened. The suspension is kept at a temperature in the antechamber and the first zone of the behavior which is above the dew point of the liquid containing the gases 5, which contains hot gases, moves helically through the chamber. The fumes lies. The combustion gases, enveloping the exhaust gas introduced through a nozzle pipe, cools down to this temperature; the thus released, preferably centrally in the first zone of heat, is used to heat the immersion pot contents of the combustion chamber and atomized soot suspension to evaporate the liquid from the suspension, forming a ring of flame, the diameter of which is approximately io sion. In this way, the clear diameter of the orifice mentioned in a soot suspension can be expressed, for example, from 94 to 82 ° / ₀ . In this high temperature zone will decrease; This means that about 71 ° / ₀ of the are in which the wet carbon black particles largely dried and original suspension water present verbewegen by the rotating flame gases, evaporated. At a water content of which still contain excess oxygen at 15 94 ° / _0, the ratio of water to carbon black = 94: 6th Helical paths near the wall, changes by lowering the water content to 82%

where to go by the action of centrifugal force. ,,. ,. ._ ... . _D _ _1O , 82, _ ... .,

... ",. _D .,. ⁶ ρ .. u,, turn this ratio into 82:18 or -.-: 6. The respectively

be thrown in the direction of the aperture on the ^3J

End of the first zone of the combustion chamber. 6 parts of soot is the equivalent of water

The oxygen-containing flame gases tear the 20 from 94 has been reduced to about 27.3. Corresponding

Soot over the top of the screen to the edge of the screen in a reduction in the amount of water by about 71 ° / ₀ .

near the center of the chamber with. Mix there The not yet condensed steam can for the purpose of

both components and burn in the recovery of the heat of vaporization in one

second zone of the combustion chamber to be completely liquefied, where also those in the condenser

and evenly. 35 exhaust gases containing vapors due to condensation

If necessary, additional fuel can be recovered and vented as coolant at the periphery of the first zone to complete one or more of the ones in the combustion Combustion in the second zone is used to feed media or water into the chamber reach. is evaporated. Furthermore, in front of the direct

As tests have shown, it is sufficient to also have air or fuel close to the wall heat exchanger switch on a temperature of 500 to preheater in the first zone.

600 ° C, slightly below the ignition point of the The thickening of the aqueous suspension takes place

Soot to adhere to. In the second zone expediently only so far that the thickened suspen-

a uniform temperature of about 900 ° C. sion still remains pumpable and in an atomizer

If the substance to be oxidized is not completely sprayed into the combustion chamber at the top of the chamber

be burned, then it can easily be removed from the exhaust gas. One can with strong thickening of the

deposited and in the first or second zone of the suspension also part or all of the

Combustion chamber are returned. Combustion air necessary to transport the

The hot exhaust gases can then be used via a soot-water mixture.

a separator, e.g. B. a cyclone separator. 40 The subject matter of the invention enables one

are directed, especially in the case of combustion, simple regulation of the fuel supply by at

serves as an ash separator for solid fuels. changing amount and fluctuating water content

The heat contained in the gases and the condensation of the suspension, the additional fuel requirement according to

The heat of condensation of the water can be known in the exhaust gas temperature or the temperature in a

Way to preheat the aqueous suspension 45 of the two zones of the combustion chamber

or to heat the air or the fuel is controlled. In this way, an automatic

or for heating water or other table control possible. With the subject of

Media are used so that one can use an invention advantageously at elevated pressure

Minimum of fuel to be used in carrying out the work. This will stop the generation of

Procedure. 50 low pressure steam in the condensation of the in the

It is possible to heat an aqueous soot suspension containing water vapor. In similar- and the evaporation of water from this suspen- sive way can be z. B. also organic version by heating on solid surfaces is having major impurities from sulfuric acid or other oxy-difficulties connected, as the dation-resistant liquids are removed. Suspension facing side of the heating surface very 55 The drawing represents a device according to FIG quickly a layer of dry, non-wettable invention for example.

Soot forms, which the heat transfer in the suspension in a, for example, vertically arranged extremely deteriorated and the supply of a cylindrical evaporation chamber 1, which is a small enough Amount of heat is placed in the suspension more praknere cylindrical combustion chamber 7, strötischi makes impossible. 60 men at 9 tangentially gaseous, liquid or natural

It has now been shown that this is difficult - if necessary, solid fuels and at 10 tangential

and the exhaust gas heat, especially pre-gaseous oxidizing agents in such an amount

takes advantage of the fact that the fuel burns completely and that from the combustion

Chamber escaping hot gases, possibly an excess of oxygen to oxidize the substances in

after passing through a heat exchanger, all of the rotating hot flame gas is present.

or partially in direct contact with the suspension At 8, the suspension or solution of the to be oxy-

or solution of the substances to be oxidized in the oxidizing substances in the direction of the cylinder axis

brings dation-resistant liquid, for example sprayed and atomized. The atomized particles will be

detected by the rotating hot flame gas and the liquid contained in them largely evaporated. In this way, no deposits are formed on the chamber wall. During evaporation the liquid is already partially oxidized. The part contained in the suspension oxidized substance is in the evaporation chamber 1 due to centrifugal force in the vicinity of the wall thrown and carried along in a helical path down onto the panel 11 by the hot gases. When the tangential velocity of the oxidizing agent is sufficiently high, combustion takes place of the fuel preferably in a cylindrical ring, the diameter of which is approximately the same as the inside diameter the aperture 11 corresponds. In excess in one or more separate levels, e.g. B. 15 or 16, added oxidizing agent, on the other hand, rotates primarily in the vicinity of the cylindrical wall and cools this. At the inner edge of the screen 11, the oxidizing agent pushing towards the center tears the Solid particles enter the center of the chamber and mix with them primarily at the edge of the diaphragm. The solid particles react in the combustion chamber 2, the inner diameter of which is equal to or suitably smaller than that of the evaporation chamber 1, with the oxidizing agent, a high temperature evenly distributed over the cross-section of the chamber occurs there. 4 represents represents a cylindrical separator into which the chamber 1 opens tangentially. One from the separator 4 exhaust pipe 3 leads out into an immersion vessel 5 in which the suspension 17 thickens will. 6 shows a condenser from which the recovered liquid 12 is withdrawn can be. It can be cooled with media that are used in the method according to the invention will. 13 is a heat exchanger for preheating the combustion air and / or the heating gas. At 14 the cold exhaust gases are discharged.

The evaporation chamber 1 can also be positioned horizontally or in any other position instead of vertically Position. However, the vertical installation is particularly useful.

example

45

In a cylindrical evaporation chamber 1, which had a diameter of 680 mm and a length of 1800 mm, about 170 Nm ³ / h of coconut gas ^{were introduced at 9 and about 1300 Nm 3} / h of air at 10. With the aid of the nozzle 8, 372 kg / h of wet soot with a water content of 84.7% were axially injected using 150 Nm '/ l air.

^{A temperature of 630 °} C. was measured halfway up the combustion chamber near the wall.

The soot rotating near the wall and not yet burned was on the edge of the Aperture 11, which had a clear diameter of 350 mm, mixed with unused air and in the combustion chamber 2, which was 2100 mm long and 550 mm in diameter, completely burned. A temperature of 960 ° C was measured at the lower end of this combustion chamber.

Containing cooled to 61O ⁰ C exhaust gas no unburned carbon black more, was introduced into the dip pan 5, the per hour 945 kg Naßruß (= corresponding kg dry soot + 888 kg water) were fed with a water content of 94%.

573 kg of water were evaporated in the immersion pot. That is 64.5% of the water contained in the imported wet soot. Exhaust gas and water vapor left the immersion pot at 14 with a temperature of 82 ° C; 372 kg / h thickened carbon black suspension with a water content of 84.7%, the temperature was also 82 ⁰ C were withdrawn from the immersion pot and injected into the cylindrical drying chamber as described above.

In a corresponding way, 510 kg of aqueous sludge with a content of 14.1% Burned dry soot and 2.7% polymer of higher acetylenes.

Claims (4)

Patent claims: 1. Incineration plant with a rotationally symmetrical incineration chamber for an oxidation-resistant Liquid suspended or dissolved substances in which the liquid evaporates and the residues are burned out with oxygen-containing gas in a helical motion are, characterized in that the introduction point (8) for the suspension or solution in the direction of the cylinder axis of a cylindrical combustion chamber (evaporation chamber 1), to which a smaller cylindrical antechamber (7) is placed, is that placed in this Antechamber (7) tangentially directed inflow channels (9, 10) for gaseous, liquid or solid fuels and gaseous oxidizing agents flow into the evaporation chamber (1) a combustion chamber (2) is flanged between the evaporation chamber (1) and the combustion chamber (2) a diaphragm (11) is arranged that in the evaporation chamber (1) directed tangentially Junction points are provided for the introduction of additional oxidizing agents and that the combustion chamber (2) opens tangentially into a cylindrical separator (4). 2. incineration plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the from the separator (4) exhaust gas line (3) led out into a dip pot that receives the liquid to be thickened (5) joins. 3. incineration plant according to claim 2, characterized in that between the separator (4) and immersion pot (5) a heat exchanger (13) for preheating the combustion air and / or the Heating gas is interposed. 4. incineration plant according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that from the immersion pot a line leads into a condenser (6), in which not yet condensed steam for the purpose Recovery of the heat of vaporization is to be liquefied. 1 sheet of drawings