DE1401459A1 - Turbine working with steam or other elastic fluids - Google Patents

Description

"With steam or some other elastic turbine ^M

French priority dated 17 · Hovaeber 3961 from the French patent application Mr. 2292 (Belfert)

The regulation of the power of a battery fed by a fluid that is practically constant, as in the case of "apielewelee iurbogeneratorcceäteen", is done domestically by dividing the first guide vane into segments, with each segment being controlled by a separate tent fed _t and only certain segments β among them are fed during the ventilated air in the turbine having operating elements.

From the point of view of the degree of turbulence of the system, this type of control is the best for low-level meters, but it also brings about a number of parts of the turbine and quite significant changing bending loads in the moving parts of the turbine

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first stage of relaxation · As is well known, this is from the The torque delivered in the first stage during operation at low loads is particularly high. There on the other hand a single »segment or a small number of τοπ segments of the first Leitsehaufelrades is then fed» this torque acts on a reduced number of Leitsobauftiln and in an alternating manner.

One can also be predisposed to »for the very For high outputs, choose another type of control that consists of the first guide vane wheel in his

Totality su food »and through the totality of the

f
valve «old is applied to the StromäöKluS · From this

* I

Unfortunately, however, there is a sharp drop in the efficiency of the system during the operating periods with reduced loads.

Difficulties of the same kind as those »to those just given by dividing the first guide vane wheel regulated turbines of electrical power plants have been remembered is »also occur in the auxiliary turbines» which the Drive feed pumps from Sampfkes & eln.

The drive of water storage sepuapen in steam power plants duroh usual means such as electric motor or main Turbines of the Masehinensmtses, for example, do not pose a difficult problem “due to high performance” which transmit variable speeds with the corresponding load Buses are therefore often used as a drive

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operating with counter-pressure, or condensation ⁷¹ Help _"# turbine having a certain number of Zapfeteilen, ma the reheater of the condensates to food". The usual supply of this auxiliary turbine is usually carried out by taking off expanded steam, either at the point of the steam outlet of the high pressure body of the main turbine or at the point of the outlet of the central gland or at another point of the steam passage.

The regulation of this auxiliary turbine, since the speed is fundamentally variable "in order to adjust the characteristic of the driven pump to the resistance of the circuit fed by it", is achieved by dividing the first stage of the auxiliary pump into segments " . If the load of the main unit is low, you will reduce the steam pressures in the main turbine and consequently at the inlet of the auxiliary turbine as a first approximation proportional to the flow rate of the Baapfaue and therefore proportional to the power of the turbine unit. For an opening of the valves corresponding to the initial run of the S «s? MBs, the output of the auxiliary unit decreases approximately like the output of the main valve. In contrast, the power consumed by the Speiaspiiape performance of the pump bit reduced verhältnismäSig very little "Sa the We-ciency performance drops markedly" during Ie head only slightly decreases "fl £ r with g-ringer load reaches m« n therefore su ® ± m ®T des Lei chaufelrad «8 exercises first Siu £ $ C, m ^: M & .2 £ ®pwmsm tu

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Segsente »whereby an eretea segment ait Daapf only with nor» ■ ales run and an autätzliohee segsent with modes of operation with little Laet is fed "and" was through the same steam as the main segment and under the control one overload valve. This steam is therefore considered to be primary rewarded

For still very diminished operation, the can on this Bampfitenge given to both segments due to the reduction in the pressure difference on both sides of the control stage of the Auxiliary turbine no longer secures the positive output Mas is thus forced »a third segment on top of the first Provide stage of the auxiliary turbine and apply it by means of a Susatzventils ait steam higher pressure than the previously used primary steam asu. That steam that stan If secondary steam is seen, living steam can be overheated or overheated, or look for steam »I partially relaxed in the main turbine.

In summary, "the frimary steam applied to a first segment of the Leitsohafelrades of the first stage of the auxiliary turbo causes the operation of the main satellite at full load. The same steam given "on a" wide segment IMBt companies reach about half load run in even smaller ranges until the

permissible Satsee or the wammwwSssSmm Minisallauf

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bo on the Leitseha & felrad about the first ntiaf *

Auxiliary turbine abegreastea three segment "aisnaen an iseaten the entirety of the free-to-energy ice over which the Baiapfeing takes place", whereby each of these areas of the order of four to divide one third of the Uafangee let · Ee 1st feet-TO3, that one leads to a relatively large height of the movable guide vane Let "we do the horizontal operation for an auxiliary turbine" on the drive of the Spele "- purape in a power plant of great life necessary line run © a au laaeen. If the üomalbetrleb times iron three areas & «r ^ ewegllehen Leitsehaixfein» »lives it steam fed we to ^ we obtain custody a beträcbtHoher LeistungeverluBt, flersuf DL® ventilation of nleht applied vanes xurUoksufUhran 1st. Even when the third segment is operated alone, the terliaet entering through ventilation is very high, since the pump output is low when there is no atmospheric pressure. 1 Segmonte are spelled with Baapf "expands ataSertoa this" JUs * order the factual part _f that the movable lj © ltaofaa "f" la a calibrated repeating temperature change ^ © a similar amplitude and slightly higher frequencies and the result * corresponding thermal stresses w & t @ T® & r £ mn become

The invention now follows the "i ^ fgfife", old or other elaetiesfeen flulden "rfeeiteßö.® fureinen su verbeeeern" whereby this yerbea "eru & g find general terms in all kinds of flowers Several streams of clay were put together® ^ or

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different types of feed, which in particular allows "to avoid the disadvantages mentioned above, which are inherent in the turbines that are driven by feed pumps, and to expand the scope of application and to improve the operation of the Hegelart of the performance of the turbines of electrical power plants". This is the task of the turbine proposed here thereby gslöat that fiction. SaäS its first ¹ main stage one! »usat ^ stage is assigned to the flow stream entering atm turbine or old one of about several such streams, while the remaining area of the turbine either from the first main stage lapses current or ▼ on dsm current escaping from äer Susatsetufe or a mixture of these two currents flows through it.

Torsttgswsitse the lead chaufelraä of the first Eusatzsttifs is used in "one esasthsit" and the number of segments distributed on the lead "chasaf" lr "d of the first main stage is ilej ^ olgs, which according to the previous arrangements is available by one unit is. If the sn & kwnt & nz & ftl of the first guide vane were four *, the invention in its preferred embodiment would fill the invention in the form of a segment on the guide vane wheel of the first main stage and arranging a segment on the guide vane wheel of the first secondary stage.

So the “dare to be an invention allows” one.

at movable LsitsohaixfelB am through the

the flow vessel in the first stage over-

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Take part in tragic torque, if only a few segments of the Leiteehaufelra & ee are open and therefore the enthalpy loss there is atark. Ba look from this one Arrangement a reduction in the height of the guide vane !! the The first stage results in »a considerable * reduction follows from this of the contractions caused by the moving guide vanes subjected to low loads during the Turfoinsnilauf Bind

In the case of a drive turbine for a water supply in a thermal power station, the previously defined preliminary flow rate is applied to the two segments of the guide vane wheel of the ^{first stage assigned to this J 1} IuS »whereby the steam admission of this seperate τοπ two valves is controlled» one of which is during operation is only open and the other is only open during operation with reduced load "

To the ά veoLli ^! In order to reduce the losses occurring during normal batteries, the wheel of the first stage, which is dependent on the secondary steam flow defined above, is preferably chosen with the smallest diameter, which is possible since the level of the stress relief effect of this very low area used is a complete factor. the problem has to be. In this "ise" are eeispieXsweiee ie bossalsetri ·· the sessat losses caused by ventilation "which are surilekstiführea on the movable guide vanes" which do not allow steam injection _y in the ratio s "you" in the case of a icy stage significantly goring r "dft eiaeraeite the movable l" itoeraeite the movable vanes ? afeis as a result of the? evweseiluite mim *

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A smaller area of the injection volume HSh * and on the other hand the diameter of the see can be low on the level related to Seku & därdaapf » is also explained.

Mose's arrangement also has the advantage of "allowing a Sekusidmrt.arapf application at a temperature different from aer dee Prinärdaßpfee, without endangering the mechanical parts SU" because the periodic reading temperature change mentioned above does not apply.

Xn the drawing is a turbine of the invention proposed type in an example selected AusfUhrungeform a drive turbine of a water feed pump echematiech illustrated in a power plant

Fig. 1 shows in LängJBChnitt a range diener turbine * FIG · 2 and 3 illustrate cross-sections on the one hand to ä9T point of the annular cage for the entry of the frisärdsepfes gesdtS the line AA of flg. 1 and on the other hand to AEMR point of the annular cages for the entry of Sekundärdaopfes along the line BB of FIG. 1 represents

Inside the furbine body "1" a di * feed pump driving rotor 2 "is set in circulation by a certain inisM tob Baapf relaxation stages, of which for simplification of the reward nvtr dl" first reproduced cixtd * The primary steam occurs on l «fersttit« ea 5 «ia, during the S ^ kuadälrdaaspf by asu Höfer 4« itaitröat. ErfiMüBgsgeaiS vtsk.% Ά * τ Friatträcspf 4i * Hft «j) ta $ af« 5 9 Irilursiul der Sskuadärdaapf «of di«

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- 9 -Euaatsatufe 6 acts.

The ring cage that receives the preamble is in Segments divided · The segment 7 is in normal operation fed solely with steam via the valve θ, and that iegmarit 9 is over when the turbine is running with reduced operation the valve 10 is supplied with steam. The secondary steam receiving ring cage 11 is in its entirety on the opening of valve 12 fed during operation with very reduced running

The primary steam leaves stage 5 according to arrow 13t and the secondary steam escapes from the stage 6 along the arrows 14. These two steam flows relax in the Heat area of the turbine »with a rope at 15 au purposes the reheating is drawn off and the remaining The rest of it penetrates into the steps 16 takes place at 17, and the remaining steam then expands into the. Steps 18 »of which one is only shown and in which possibly others» are not the illustrated steam taps take place

The application of the invention lit case of a turbo generator oreateee could be illustrated by an example. illustrated become »that corresponds to» that previously for an auxiliary «turbine KUd drive a feed pump is described * örfl * a. However the taps were $ 1 and 17 accounted for »the bathroom's Step 6 would, for example, have a diameter approximately that of the wheel of step 5 and the guide vane wheel

Level 5 could be divided into three segments.

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Claims (1)

ntanepruoht Working with steam or other elastic fluids · Turbine » characterized by » the iitror «rate main stage (5) an additional stage (6) is arranged» which is a «part of the flow entering the turbine (1): · β or with one of about several such flow flows is applied, while the remaining area (16, 18) of the turbine is either from the flow (13) that discharges the first stage or from the flow escaping from the second stage {14 ) or a mixture of these flows through the streams. BATH ORIGINAL 80 3 80 2/0 027