DE130314C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE130314C DE130314C DENDAT130314D DE130314DA DE130314C DE 130314 C DE130314 C DE 130314C DE NDAT130314 D DENDAT130314 D DE NDAT130314D DE 130314D A DE130314D A DE 130314DA DE 130314 C DE130314 C DE 130314C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- vegetable
- cement
- paris
- plaster
- materials
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Inorganic materials [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011507 gypsum plaster Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L Iron(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H Aluminium sulfate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims 1
- RMKDUJLXGVMISK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-]C([AlH2])=O Chemical compound [O-]C([AlH2])=O RMKDUJLXGVMISK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N AI2O3 Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000002421 Cell Wall Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000005418 vegetable material Substances 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cells Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000249 desinfective Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003292 diminished Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011426 gypsum mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 iron chlorine Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006259 organic additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/18—Waste materials; Refuse organic
- C04B18/24—Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper, cork
- C04B18/28—Mineralising; Compositions therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
Den Gegenstand vorliegenden Patentes bildet ein Verfahren zur Vorbereitung organischer Zusatzmittel, wie Holz, Stroh, Holzmehl und dergl. für die Einbettung in Cement- oder Gipsmassen zum Zwecke der Herstellung von Baumaterialien.The subject of the present patent is a method for preparing organic Additives such as wood, straw, wood flour and the like. For embedding in cement or Plaster of paris for use in the manufacture of building materials.
Man hat bisher die für den obigen Zweck bestimmten organischen Stoffe entweder in natürlichem Zustande benutzt, oder aber sie mit desinficirenden organischen Stoffen getränkt, oder schliefslich sie mit wasserlöslichen anorganischen Salzen imprägnirt.So far, the organic substances intended for the above purpose have either been in natural state used, or they are soaked with disinfecting organic substances, or finally impregnated with water-soluble inorganic salts.
Durch alle diese Verfahren werden bestimmte Nachtheile herbeigeführt. Bei der Verwendung in natürlichem Zustande vermögen sich die Oberflächen der organischen Zusatzmaterialien nicht in Wünschenswerther Weise mit dem Umhüllungs- oder Bindemittel, dem Cement- oder dem Gipsmörtel zu vereinigen", es wird, statt dafs eine feste mechanische Bindung eintritt, im Gegentheil durch den Zusatz des organischen Körpers die Festigkeit des fertig gestellten Baumaterials vermindert und der Zusammenhang gelockert. Dieser Uebelstand tritt in noch viel höherem Mafse ein, wenn die Einlagen mit organischen antiseptischen Mitteln getränkt sind, insbesondere, wenn solche Mittel öliger, wasserabstofsender Natur sind. Die Imprägnirung mit anorganischen löslichen Salzen ist insofern zu verwerfen, als diese Salze aus den Baumaterialien auswittern und sie in Bezug auf Haltbarkeit ungünstig beeinflussen.Certain disadvantages are brought about by all these procedures. When using In the natural state, the surfaces of the organic additional materials are capable of doing one another not in a desirable manner with the coating or binding agent, the cement or to combine with the gypsum mortar, "instead of a firm mechanical bond, on the contrary, through the addition of the organic body, the strength of the finished product Building material diminished and the context loosened. This inconvenience occurs to a much greater extent when the Deposits are soaked with organic antiseptic agents, especially if such agents are of an oily, water-repellent nature. Impregnation with inorganic soluble salts is to be discarded insofar as these salts exude from the building materials and relate them adversely affect shelf life.
Demgegenüber giebt nun das vorliegende Verfahren eine Methode an die Hand, welche man gewissermafsen MineralisirtnTg bezeichnen kann. Das nachfolgende Verfahren bildet eine Combination mehrerer Verfahren und wird als Combination beansprucht. Das Verfahren besteht darin, dafs die vegetabilischen Stoffe, wie Holz, Holzspäne, Stroh oder dergl., zunächst 2 bis 3 Stunden mit einer siedenden Lösung von Borax behandelt werden; es hat für diesen Zweck sich eine Lösung von 1 Th. Borax und 60 Th. Wasser brauchbar gezeigt. Hierauf wird das so behandelte Material in Centrifugen vollkommen entwässert, damit die Zellen der vegetabilischen Gebilde für die weiteren ihnen zuzuführenden Chemikalien frei werden. Das entwässerte Material wird nunmehr weiter behandelt, indem es 1 Y2 bis 2 Stunden der Einwirkung einer siedenden Lösung von Eisenchlorür und essigsaurer Thonerde unterworfen wird. Es hat sich für die zweite "Stufe der Behandlung eine Lösung von 3Y2 kg Eisenchlorür und 2 kg essigsaurer Thonerde in 100 1 Wasser brauchbar gezeigt, welcher man, um gegebenenfalls ihre Durchdringungsfähigkeit zu steigern, etwas Borsäure zusetzen kann.On the other hand, the present method provides a method which can be called mineralization, so to speak. The following process forms a combination of several processes and is claimed as a combination. The process consists in treating the vegetable matter, such as wood, wood shavings, straw or the like, initially for 2 to 3 hours with a boiling solution of borax; A solution of 1 part of borax and 60 parts of water has been shown to be useful for this purpose. The material treated in this way is then completely dehydrated in centrifuges so that the cells of the vegetable structures are free for the chemicals to be added to them. The dehydrated material is now treated further by subjecting it to a boiling solution of iron chloride and acetic alumina for 1 ½ hours for 2 to 2 hours. A solution of 3Y 2 kg of iron chloride and 2 kg of acetic acid alumina in 100 l of water has been shown to be useful for the second "stage of the treatment, to which, if necessary, some boric acid can be added to increase its permeability.
Das so behandelte Material ist nach nochmaliger Centrifugirung zur Mischung mit den mineralischen Bindematerialien, als Cement, genügend vorbereitet. Das Gemisch der mineralischen und vegetabilischen Materialien wird mit einer verdünnten Lösung von schwefelsaurer Thonerde (nicht Alaun) angefeuchtet und in Formkästen gestampft.The material treated in this way is, after repeated centrifugation, ready to be mixed with the mineral binding materials, such as cement, sufficiently prepared. The mixture of mineral and vegetable materials is made with a dilute solution of sulfuric acid Moistened clay (not alum) and tamped in molding boxes.
Die chemischen Vorgänge bei diesem Verfahren erklären sich die Erfinder in folgender Weise (wobei bemerkt werden soll, dafs diese Erklärungen, welche sich aus dem Verhalten der fertigen Baumaterialien ergeben haben, lediglich Erklärungsversuche zu sein bean-The inventors explain the chemical processes in this process as follows Manner (it should be noted that these explanations, which result from behavior of the finished building materials have shown to be merely explanatory attempts.
Sprüchen und für die Durchführung des Verfahrens, so wie es oben beschrieben ist, nicht mafsgebend sind):Sayings and for the implementation of the procedure, as described above are not relevant):
Das borsaure Natron, mit welchem die vegetabilischen Materialien zunächst behandelt werden, kann nach zweierlei Richtungen wirken. Es werden einzelne Bestandtheile der vegetabilischen Materialien, z. B. Harze, Eiweifs und dergl., in Lösung übergeführt und durch die erste Abkochung des Borax extrahirt. Ein Theil der vom Borax gelösten Stoffe wird infolge der Kochung coagulirt und bekleidet die Zellenwandungen. Die nachfolgende Behandlung mit Eisenchlorür und essigsaurer Thonerde führt zunächst die noch in dem Material enthaltenen Borsäureverbindungen, löslichen Eiweifsverbindungen und Harzverbindungen in die entsprechenden unlöslichen Eisen- bezw. Thonerdesalze über, so dafs die Zellenwandungen mit mineralischen unlöslichen Boraten und anderen Verbindungen von Eisen und Thonerde überzogen werden, während die löslichen Stoffe durch die Kochung und nachträgliche Centrifugirung entfernt werden.The boric acid soda, with which the vegetable materials are initially treated can act in two directions. There are individual components of the vegetable Materials, e.g. B. Resins, albumen and the like., Converted into solution and through the first decoction of borax extracted. A part of the matter dissolved by the borax is owing to it the boiling coagulates and clothes the cell walls. The subsequent treatment with iron chlorine and acetic acid alumina first leads to those still contained in the material Boric acid compounds, soluble protein compounds and resin compounds into the corresponding insoluble iron or respectively. Alumina salts, so that the cell walls with mineral insoluble borates and other compounds of iron and alumina become coated while the soluble ones Substances can be removed by boiling and subsequent centrifugation.
Auf diese Weise wird gewissermafsen eine Mineralisirung der Zellenwandungen der Einlagsmaterialien erreicht, auf welchen die zuzusetzenden Bindematerialien, Cement, Gips oder dergl. ebenso fest haften, wie auf natürlichen mineralischen Körpern; es wird also ermöglicht, in dem gebräuchlichen Cementmörtel den Sand durch ein leichtes, aber sich bezüglich seiner Oberfläche ebenfalls wie Mineral verhaltendes Material zu ersetzen. Die schwefelsaure Thonerde dient dazu, auch die letzten Spuren löslicher Borate in unlösliche überzuführen. In this way the cell walls of the inlay materials become mineralized, so to speak achieved, on which the binding materials to be added, cement, plaster of paris or the like. Adhere just as firmly as on natural ones mineral bodies; so it is made possible in the usual cement mortar the sand by a light, but also like mineral in terms of its surface to replace restrained material. The sulfuric alumina is also used for the last To convert traces of soluble borates into insoluble ones.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE130314C true DE130314C (en) | 1900-01-01 |
Family
ID=398721
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DENDAT130314D Expired DE130314C (en) |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE130314C (en) |
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0
- DE DENDAT130314D patent/DE130314C/de not_active Expired
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