DE1285690B - Glass, especially as a capacitor material - Google Patents

Glass, especially as a capacitor material

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Publication number
DE1285690B
DE1285690B DEN19983A DEN0019983A DE1285690B DE 1285690 B DE1285690 B DE 1285690B DE N19983 A DEN19983 A DE N19983A DE N0019983 A DEN0019983 A DE N0019983A DE 1285690 B DE1285690 B DE 1285690B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
mol percent
mhz
bao
cao
sro
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DEN19983A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Trap Hendrikus Johan Lodewijk
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV filed Critical Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Publication of DE1285690B publication Critical patent/DE1285690B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
    • C03C3/102—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing lead
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/02—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances
    • H01B3/08—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances quartz; glass; glass wool; slag wool; vitreous enamels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/02—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances
    • H01B3/08—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances quartz; glass; glass wool; slag wool; vitreous enamels
    • H01B3/087—Chemical composition of glass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/002—Details
    • H01G4/018—Dielectrics
    • H01G4/06—Solid dielectrics
    • H01G4/08—Inorganic dielectrics
    • H01G4/12—Ceramic dielectrics
    • H01G4/129—Ceramic dielectrics containing a glassy phase, e.g. glass ceramic

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf Gläser, die mit Rücksicht auf ihren niedrigen Temperaturfaktor der Dielektrizitätskonstante und ihre niedrigen dielektrischen Verluste besonders als Kondensatordielektrikum geeignet sind.The invention relates to glasses that, in view of their low temperature factor, the Dielectric constant and its low dielectric losses especially as a capacitor dielectric are suitable.

Es sind Gläser für dielektrische Verwendungen bekannt, bestehend aus 20 bis 25 Molprozent TiO2, 36 bis 41 Molprozent PbO und 33 bis 38 Molprozent SiO2, gegebenenfalls mit einem kleinen Zusatz von etwa 2 Molprozent Al2O3. Die Dielektrizitätskonstante dieser Gläser beträgt 20 bis 25 und der dielektrische Verlustfaktor (tg<5) 20 · 10~4 bis 25 · 10-* Diese Werte gelten bei einer Frequenz von etwa 3 MHz. Bei höheren Frequenzen wird der Verlustfaktor jedoch bald unzulässig hoch. Außerdem sind diese Gläser, mit Rücksicht auf die große Entglasungsneigung, für die Praxis wenig geeignet.Glasses for dielectric uses are known, consisting of 20 to 25 mol percent TiO 2 , 36 to 41 mol percent PbO and 33 to 38 mol percent SiO 2 , optionally with a small addition of about 2 mol percent Al 2 O 3 . The dielectric constant of these glasses is 20 to 25 and the dielectric loss factor (tg <5) 20 · 10 ~ 4 to 25 · 10- * These values apply at a frequency of around 3 MHz. At higher frequencies, however, the loss factor soon becomes unacceptably high. In addition, given the great tendency to devitrify, these glasses are not very suitable for practical use.

Die Gläser mit der Zusammensetzung nach der Erfindung haben zwar eine niedrigere Dielektrizitätskonstante, weisen jedoch einen Verlustfaktor auf, der im gesamten Frequenzbereich von etwa 1 bis 100 MEb; niedrig ist. Außerdem besitzen sie auch noch einen niedrigen Temperaturkoeffizienten der Dielektrizitätskonstante. Sogar bei den äußerst hohen Frequenzen bis 2,4 · 10* MHz ist der Verlustfaktor noch klein, nämlich niedriger als 0,01.The glasses with the composition according to the invention have a lower dielectric constant, however, have a loss factor that is in the entire frequency range from about 1 to 100 MEb; is low. They also have a low temperature coefficient of dielectric constant. Even at the extremely high frequencies up to 2.4 · 10 * MHz, the loss factor is still small, namely lower than 0.01.

Die Gläser nach der Erfindung sind gekennzeichnet durch eine Zusammensetzung von 35 bis 55 Molprozent SiO2, 2 bis 25 Molprozent TiO3, 10 bis 15 Molprozent PbO und insgesamt 15 bis 45 Molprozent an K2O + CaO + SrO + BaO, wobei — in Molprozent ausgedrückt — das Verhältnis von je zwei der Oxyde K2O, CaO, SrO und BaO zwischen 5/3 und 3/5 liegt.The glasses according to the invention are characterized by a composition of 35 to 55 mol percent SiO 2 , 2 to 25 mol percent TiO 3 , 10 to 15 mol percent PbO and a total of 15 to 45 mol percent of K 2 O + CaO + SrO + BaO, where - in Expressed in mole percent - the ratio of any two of the oxides K 2 O, CaO, SrO and BaO is between 5/3 and 3/5.

Bei einem gegenseitigen Verhältnis der Oxyde von K, Ca, Sr und Ba, das außerhalb dieser Grenzen liegt, tritt Entglasung auf.If the mutual ratio of the oxides of K, Ca, Sr and Ba is outside these limits, devitrification occurs.

Wenn die Oxyde K2O, CaO, SrO und BaO in äquimolaren Mengen bei einem PbO-Gehalt von 12 Molprozent gewählt werden, so wird der günstigste Wert des dielektrischen Verlustfaktors erhalten. In diesem Fall ist tg δ im ganzen Bereich von 1 bis 100 MHz im wesentlichen frequenzunabhängig.If the oxides K 2 O, CaO, SrO and BaO are selected in equimolar amounts with a PbO content of 12 mol percent, the most favorable value of the dielectric loss factor is obtained. In this case, tg δ is essentially independent of frequency in the entire range from 1 to 100 MHz.

Bei den Gläsern nach der Erfindung ist die Anwesenheit der Oxyde Li2O, Na2O, MgO, ZnO, Sb2O3, Al2O3, B2O3 und P2O5 möglichst zu vermeiden, weil sie einen ungünstigen Einfluß auf eine oder mehrere der dielektrischen Eigenschaften haben.In the glasses according to the invention, the presence of the oxides Li 2 O, Na 2 O, MgO, ZnO, Sb 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3 , B 2 O 3 and P 2 O 5 should be avoided as far as possible because they are an unfavorable Have an influence on one or more of the dielectric properties.

Mit den Gläsern nach der Erfindung können auf bekannte Weise, z, B. durch Aufbrennen von Silberelektroden, Kondensatoren hergestellt werden.With the glasses according to the invention, in a known manner, e.g. by burning on silver electrodes, Capacitors are made.

Beispielexample

Eine Anzahl Glasproben wird dadurch hergestellt, daß ein Gemisch der gepulverten Oxyde SiO2, TiO2, PbO, K2O, CaO, SrO und BaO in Quarztiegeln auf eine zwischen etwa 1460 und 155O0C schwankende Temperatur 3 Stunden erhitzt wird. Was die zum Erhalten der gewählten Zusammensetzung erforderlichen Mengen anbetrifft, wird bemerkt, daß der Tatsache Rechnung zu tragen ist, daß bei dieser Behandlung eine kleine Menge PbO und TiO2 verdampft und daß durch die Schmelze SiO2 aus dem Quarz des Tiegels aufgenommen wird.A number of glass samples is prepared in that a mixture of the powdered oxides SiO 2, TiO 2, PbO, K 2 O, CaO, SrO and BaO is heated in quartz crucibles on a fluctuating between about 1460 and 155o 0 C temperature for 3 hours. As for the quantities required to obtain the selected composition, it is noted that account must be taken of the fact that in this treatment a small amount of PbO and TiO 2 evaporates and that SiO 2 is taken up by the melt from the quartz of the crucible.

Die Proben werden darauf zu Scheiben mit einer Oberfläche von etwa 20 cm2 und einer Stärke von 2 mm geschliffen. Nachdem die planparallelen Oberflächen gut glatt poliert sind, werden sie auf übliche Weise versilbert und mit Anschlußdrähten versehen.The samples are then ground into disks with a surface area of approximately 20 cm 2 and a thickness of 2 mm. After the plane-parallel surfaces have been polished well, they are silver-plated in the usual way and provided with connecting wires.

In nachstehender Tabelle sind die Werte der Dielektrizitätskonstante (ε) bei Frequenzen von 1,5 und 2,4 · 10* MHz, des Verlustfaktors (tg <5) bei 1,5 bis 100 und 2,4 · 10* MHz und des Temperaturkoeffizienten der Dielektrizitätskonstante [TC = — · -^A bei einerThe table below shows the values of the dielectric constant (ε) at frequencies of 1.5 and 2.4 · 10 * MHz, the loss factor (tg <5) at 1.5 to 100 and 2.4 · 10 * MHz and the temperature coefficient the dielectric constant [TC = - · - ^ A at a

Frequenz von 1,5 MHz, gemessen an den auf obige Weise hergestellten Kondensatoren, angegeben.Frequency of 1.5 MHz, measured on the capacitors manufactured in the above manner, indicated.

TabelleTabel

TiO,TiO, Zusammensetzung
(in Molprozent)composition
(in mole percent) K,0K, 0 CaOCaO SrOSrO BaOBaO 1,5MHz1.5MHz tg<5-10*betg <5-10 * be ii 2,4 · 104
MHz2.4 · 10 4
MHz εε beiat TCTC SiO,SiO, 22 PbOPbO 10,510.5 10,510.5 10,510.5 10,510.5 10,510.5 100 MHz100 MHz 1,5 MHz1.5 MHz 2,4-104
MHz2.4-10 4
MHz ■ 10· bei
1,5MHz ■ 10 · at
1.5MHz 4444 44th 1212th 1010 1010 1010 1010 9,79.7 12,912.9 7171 10,010.0 136136 4444 1212th 1212th 88th 88th 88th 88th 8,78.7 11,411.4 6969 10,210.2 9,829.82 130130 4444 1212th 1212th 77th 99 99 77th 9,59.5 12,012.0 11,211.2 10,4910.49 8686 4444 1212th 1212th 6,56.5 9,59.5 9,59.5 6,56.5 10,510.5 17,617.6 10,710.7 9696 4444 1212th 1212th 66th 1010 1010 66th 9,359.35 17,717.7 10,810.8 107107 4444 1616 1212th 77th 77th 77th 77th 9,09.0 16,216.2 7272 11,311.3 118118 4444 2020th 1212th 66th 66th 66th 66th 8,18.1 11,911.9 7070 11,311.3 10,7710.77 9393 4444 66th 1212th 7,57.5 7,57.5 7,57.5 7,57.5 9,99.9 10,310.3 12,512.5 10,3510.35 110110 5252 1212th 1212th 66th 66th 66th 66th 10,410.4 7272 11,111.1 9,869.86 116116 5252 1212th 1212th 5,55.5 6,56.5 6,56.5 5,55.5 10,810.8 13,013.0 12,112.1 10,3410.34 116116 5252 1212th 1212th 55 77th 77th 55 10,410.4 19,219.2 10,510.5 102102 5252 1212th 1212th 4,54.5 7,57.5 7,57.5 4,54.5 9,99.9 16,116.1 10,810.8 101101 5252 1414th 1212th 5,55.5 5,55.5 5,55.5 5,55.5 9,99.9 17,417.4 7070 11,111.1 9999 5252 66th 1212th 99 99 99 99 10,510.5 12,012.0 12,512.5 11,0011.00 112112 4646 1010 1212th 99 99 99 99 8,38.3 12,612.6 10,7510.75 9,869.86 129129 4242 17,517.5 1212th 5,255.25 5,255.25 5,255.25 5,255.25 10,410.4 11,111.1 8787 10,8510.85 5151 22,522.5 10,510.5 6,756.75 6,756.75 6,756.75 6,756.75 9,79.7 19,619.6 11,611.6 10,9510.95 104104 3737 1414th 13,513.5 6,136.13 6,136.13 6,126.12 6,126.12 10,710.7 19,319.3 12,312.3 11,1511.15 113113 5151 1818th 10,510.5 7,877.87 7,887.88 7,887.88 7,877.87 9,39.3 15,615.6 8080 11,111.1 9292 3737 10,510.5 13,513.5 77th 77th 77th 77th 8,558.55 14,314.3 8686 11,611.6 10,910.9 9898 5151 13,513.5 10,510.5 99 99 99 99 8,858.85 19,619.6 7474 10,710.7 9,859.85 8383 3737 13,513.5 14,914.9 11,811.8 11,3511.35 9696

TabelleTabel

TiOa TiO a Zusammensetzung
(in Gewichtsprozent)composition
(in percent by weight) K2OK 2 O CaOCaO SrOSrO BaOBaO tg<M0*betg <M0 * be 1,5MHz1.5MHz 100 MHz100 MHz 2,4 -10*
MHz2.4 -10 *
MHz ε beiε at 2,4-10*
MHz2.4-10 *
MHz TCTC SiOiSiOi 1,641.64 PbOPbO 10,1410.14 6,036.03 11,1511.15 16,5016.50 10,510.5 12,912.9 1,5MHz1.5MHz •108bei
1,5MHz• 10 8 at
1.5MHz 27,0827.08 3,293.29 27,4627.46 9,709.70 5,775.77 10,6410.64 15,7915.79 9,79.7 11,411.4 7171 10,010.0 9,829.82 136136 27,2027.20 10,0510.05 27,5827.58 7,917.91 4,714.71 8,698.69 12,8612.86 8,78.7 12,012.0 6969 10,210.2 10,4910.49 130130 27,7027.70 10,1510.15 28,0928.09 6,976.97 5,345.34 9,879.87 11,3611.36 9,59.5 17,617.6 11,211.2 8686 27,9627.96 10,2010.20 28,3428.34 6,516.51 5,675.67 10,4510.45 10,6010.60 10,510.5 17,717.7 10,710.7 9696 28,1028.10 10,2410.24 28,4828.48 6,036.03 5,995.99 11,0711.07 9,839.83 9,359.35 16,216.2 10,810.8 107107 28,2328.23 13,5313.53 28,6128.61 6,976.97 4,164.16 7,677.67 11,3611.36 9,09.0 11,911.9 7272 11,311.3 10,7710.77 118118 27,9727.97 17,0717.07 28,3828.38 6,036.03 3,593.59 6,646.64 9,839.83 8,18.1 10,310.3 7070 11,311.3 10,3510.35 9393 28,2328.23 5,135.13 28,6128.61 7,567.56 4,514.51 8,318.31 12,3212.32 9,99.9 12,512.5 9,869.86 110110 33,4633.46 10,4210.42 28,7028.70 6,146.14 3,653.65 6,766.76 10,0010.00 10,410.4 13,013.0 7272 11,111.1 10,3410.34 116116 33,9333.93 10,4710.47 29,1129.11 5,665.66 3,983.98 7,357.35 9,209.20 10,810.8 19,219.2 12,112.1 116116 34,1034.10 10,5210.52 29,2529.25 5,175.17 4,314.31 7,957.95 8,418.41 10,410.4 16,116.1 10,510.5 102102 34,2634.26 10,5710.57 29,3929.39 4,674.67 4,644.64 8,558.55 7,617.61 9,99.9 17,417.4 10,810.8 101101 34,4234.42 12,2212.22 29,5329.53 5,665.66 3,373.37 6,116.11 9,229.22 9,99.9 12,012.0 7070 11,111.1 11,0011.00 9999 34,1434.14 5,005.00 29,2929.29 8,858.85 5,275.27 9,739.73 14,3914.39 10,510.5 12,612.6 12,512.5 9,869.86 112112 28,8228.82 8,268.26 27,9427.94 8,778.77 5,225.22 9,659.65 14,2814.28 8,38.3 11,111.1 10,7510.75 129129 26,0826.08 15,6515.65 27,7127.71 5,535.53 3,293.29 5,985.98 9,019.01 10,410.4 19,619.6 8787 10,8510.85 10,9510.95 34,3034.30 18,3818.38 26,2326.23 6,516.51 3,883.88 7,157.15 10,5810.58 9,79.7 19,319.3 11,611.6 11,1511.15 104104 22,7322.73 12,3912.39 30,8130.81 6,416.41 3,813.81 7,047.04 10,4110.41 10,710.7 15,615.6 12,312.3 113113 33,9633.96 14,4714.47 25,9825.98 7,517.51 4,484.48 8,288.28 12,2312.23 9,39.3 14,314.3 8080 11,111.1 10,910.9 9292 22,5222.52 9,229.22 30,5330.53 7,247.24 4,324.32 7,977.97 11,8011.80 8,558.55 19,619.6 8686 11,611.6 9,859.85 9898 33,6833.68 10,8210.82 25,7625.76 8,508.50 5,065.06 9,359.35 13,8313.83 8,858.85 14,914.9 7474 10,710.7 11,3511.35 8383 22,2722.27 30,2030.20 11,811.8 9696

Claims (2)

Patentansprüche:Patent claims: 1. Glas, insbesondere als KondensatorwerkstofiF, 35 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es aus 35 bis 55 Molprozent SiO2, 2 bis 25 Molprozent TiO2, 10 bis 15 Molprozent PbO und insgesamt 15 bis 45 Molprozent K2O + CaO + SrO + BaO zusammengesetzt ist, wobei — in Molprozent 401. Glass, especially as a capacitor material 35, characterized in that it is composed of 35 to 55 mol percent SiO 2 , 2 to 25 mol percent TiO 2 , 10 to 15 mol percent PbO and a total of 15 to 45 mol percent K 2 O + CaO + SrO + BaO is, where - in mole percent 40 ausgedrückt — das Verhältnis von je zwei der Oxyde K2O, CaO, SrO und BaO zwischen 5/3 und 3/5 liegt.expressed - the ratio of two of the oxides K 2 O, CaO, SrO and BaO is between 5/3 and 3/5. 2. Glas nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Oxyde K2O, CaO, SrO und BaO in äquimolaren Mengen vorhanden sind und der Gehalt an PbO 12 Molprozent beträgt.2. Glass according to claim 1, characterized in that the oxides K 2 O, CaO, SrO and BaO are present in equimolar amounts and the content of PbO is 12 mol percent.
DEN19983A 1960-05-06 1961-05-03 Glass, especially as a capacitor material Pending DE1285690B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL251317 1960-05-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1285690B true DE1285690B (en) 1968-12-19

Family

ID=19752319

Family Applications (1)

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DEN19983A Pending DE1285690B (en) 1960-05-06 1961-05-03 Glass, especially as a capacitor material

Country Status (6)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS3811413B1 (en)
DE (1) DE1285690B (en)
FR (1) FR1297778A (en)
GB (1) GB904604A (en)
IT (1) IT649835A (en)
NL (2) NL251317A (en)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1297778A (en) 1962-07-06
GB904604A (en) 1962-08-29
NL251317A (en)
IT649835A (en)
NL106113C (en)
JPS3811413B1 (en) 1963-07-06

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