DE1260160B - Device for checking the shape of a workpiece - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Int. CK:

GOIb

German: 42 b-26/03

Number: 1260 160

File number: W 26074IX b / 42 b

Filing date: July 24, 1959

Open date: February 1, 1968

The present invention relates to an apparatus for inspecting the shape of a workpiece independently of a twisted and / or postponed spamming of the test item.

The device according to the invention can be used in conjunction with a known tolerance checking device can be used, in which the test object rests, while test systems for scanning the Test specimen to be moved towards and away from it, and at the one with a first time Scanning movement synchronized tolerance display system delivers at least one yes-no display, depending according to whether or not the part corresponds to the specified tolerance at the scanned point, and in which the tolerance display system causes a further scanning movement in the case of no, in which then a registration device registers the extent of the deviation from the target value (German patent specification 1027 413). However, the invention is not limited to tolerance checking devices of this type.

The above-mentioned known tolerance checking device has the advantage that it is a yes-no display provides whether the test item complies with the tolerances or not, but it has the disadvantage that an exceedance of the tolerance values is indicated even if the test object is the has the prescribed shape, but is clamped in the test device in a shifted and / or twisted manner.

To simplify the discussion, the following terms should be defined:

The "absolute form" is supposed to be the form of a workpiece in relation to a spatially fixed coordinate system are designated. The above known device measures the absolute shape, i.e. h., the The position of the workpiece is determined in terms of a spatially fixed coordinate system, and every shift or rotation with respect to this coordinate system is called a tolerance deviation recorded.

As a “pure form”, the form of a workpiece should be independent of any translational shift and a rotation of the coordinate system to which the measurement is related can be understood. The pure shape of two cross-sectional areas is the same if these areas are mathematically Meaning are congruent, i.e. they match in shape and size.

Finally, “angularly oriented form” is intended to mean the form of a workpiece in relation to a translationally displaceable coordinate system can be understood, but rotations of the Workpiece does not participate.

Means for checking the shape of a
Workpiece

Applicant:

Warner & Swasey Company,

Cleveland, Ohio (V. St. A.)

Representative:

Dr.-Ing. E. Sommerfeld, patent attorney,

8000 Munich 23, Dunantstr. 6th

Named as inventor:

William S. Tandler,

Morris Grossman,

Arthur Sloan, New York, N.Y. (V. St. A.)

Claimed priority:

V. St. v. America 7 August 1958 (753 742)

There is also a testing and measuring device for machine parts known in which the test object in Is pivotably mounted in the direction of the scanning movement. The test item is controlled by several groups of sensors scanned, which are arranged side by side in superimposed planes. The test and measuring device also contains two touch surfaces each interacting with a measuring sensor, one of which is firmly connected to the slide in which the workpiece can be swiveled is mounted, while the other is attached to the workpiece holder and the pivoting movements of the workpiece participate. The device also contains one with a recording strip for each sensor cooperating marker pen, the marker pens write on the synchronous with the Scanning movement shifted recording strips a point when the associated sensor the Touch surfaces or the workpiece.

From the record provided by this known testing and measuring device for machine parts detect a twist and other errors in the workpiece, as these errors are in the arrangement of the measuring points, which ideally lie on a straight line. The evaluation such a measuring strip, however, is laborious and human

709 747/248

3 4

subject to evaluation errors. An automatic F i g. 3 is a view of the contact slide of FIG

sizing the test process is not possible because the right

known measuring device no immediate display F i g. 4 a turbine blade that does exactly that

on the condition of the tested workpiece, provides the target position on a mounting block, (German patent specification 905 790). 5 Fig. 5 is a translational relative to the target position

There are also form gauges known that a displaced blade and

Number of adjacent, against each other F i g. 6 a rotated relative to the target position

Slidable stylus pins included that rest against the shovel.

object to be tested are pressed and F i g. 1 shows the test item 1, for example one

allow its shape to be removed. By inserting io turbine or compressor blade, a proeines Normal part or a corresponding Zugpeiler od. The like. The cut on a bearing block 2 The stencil can then be rejected. On a measuring slide 3 are the required shape. There are two groups of sensors. The sensors 8 hardly needs to be pointed out that such a group containing before to 11 serves to measure the directions not to test in larger 15 angularly oriented form, while the the Workpieces produced in large numbers are suitable (USA.- measuring sensors 4 to 7 group containing the measuring sensors Patents 1,612,235, 2,759,271). included to compensate for a twist and

It is also a device for measuring which is used to measure the pure shape of the blade. Form of seat cushions and the like under load The individual measuring sensors are known to be telescopically inserted. This device contains a number of ao bar stored in corresponding holders so that the wheels arranged next to one another, which then continue to move forward on the measuring slide DUT run and be loaded accordingly can be moved if the sensor is already in can. Pointers that have come into contact with the test object are coupled to the wheels. the move in front of a surface on which the required individual sensors are with separate, with magnetic form is recorded with or without load. 25 coil-working release mechanisms 22 to 28 When considering the location of the pointer with respect to the connected via appropriate amplifier. In the Curves can then be determined to what extent the figure is with the sensor 4 via the amplifier 79 tested upholstery meets the requirements. Connected in magnetic release device 22; the display of this device go differently This arrangement is typical for all sensors and Exercises and twisting of the test object fully, they 30 magnetic couplings. Probes 4 through 10 are over provides neither a display nor a recording amplifier with the release devices 22, 24, 26, and requires great conscientiousness and 28, 23, 25 and 27 respectively. (The one on the probe continuous close attention to the arrangement corresponding to the operating 11 is shown in FIG. 1 because of person. Not shown due to lack of space.)

The invention is intended to provide a device 35 directions 22 to 28 are mutually via the to check the shape of a workpiece, use the drive carriage 21 for the tolerance blocks, their display independent of one connected. Located on the other side of the device under test rotated and / or displaced clamping of the, in practice, another, not shown Test item is. Sensor group and a further measuring device,

A device for checking the shape of a 40 which corresponds to the first and therefore not more detailed Workpiece is to be written and / or rotated independently of a rotated one.

or shifted clamping of the test object with the drive device 20, which is electrical or with

A number of compressed air can work on a movable measuring device is via gears 16 to 18 slide arranged sensors, which at Beruh- and connecting members 12 to 15 with the Meßrung generate electrical signals of the test specimen, with 45 slide 3 and a drive slide 21 for ToIeeiner Contact arrangement, the ranz blocks 29 to 35 coupled for each sensor and drives them at least one contact piece and a counter-contact with both slides with proportional speed contains and their mating contacts proportionally. A clutch and gear unit 19 shifted to the advance of the measuring slide and causes an increase in the advance of the when the test object is touched by the associated drive slide for the tolerance surface Sensor are stopped, and with one that of the measuring slide in a ratio of 40: 1, so that Contact arrangement containing device for so the tolerance block drive slide z. B. 40 mm According to the invention, the tolerance display runs when the measuring slide is one millimeter marked that the contacts of the contact backs up.

arrangement on a pivotable support 55 The release mechanisms 22 to 28 are with the are brought, whose angular position when touching the tolerance blocks 29 to 35 in notches a test piece coupled by associated sensors correspondingly gripping pawls, if the associated the angular position of the test object can be adjusted and the solenoid coils are de-energized. The tolerance blocks 29 Adjustment direction of the mating contacts with respect to this up to 35 are shown mounted on rollers, so that is movable. 60 them in the horizontal direction slightly to the right or

With regard to the developments of the invention can be shifted to the left if the reference is made to the subclaims. magnetically operating notching devices

The invention is now to be locked with reference to the drawings. The tolerance blocks can be attached to a be explained in more detail, showing the frame of the machine fixed by conventional means.

F i g. 1 is a schematic view of an out 65 being braked when the magnetic coupling exemplary embodiment a device according to which has moved. Invention, the carriage 50 carries as many contacts as

F i g. 2 is a view of the contact slide, tolerance blocks are provided. Contacts 70

5 6

to 73 for measuring the angularly oriented 126 and 129 attached. The bearing rods 57, 58, 107

Form are in a fixed position so on the carriage 109 and 109, which are used to support the contacts 52 and 53

50 mounted so that they serve over the surfaces of the trains are attached to the frame by plates 127 and 129

subordinate tolerance blocks 30, 32 and 34 can slide. attached. The bearing rods 59 and 125 carry the

(The contact block 5 corresponding to contact 70, contact 54 and are through plates 128 and 129

is, as mentioned, not shown due to lack of space.) attached. The bearing rods 56 and 59 are rotatable

Additional contacts and a corresponding number are mounted on the plates and form part of the

of tolerance blocks for measuring the angular release and braking device, as explained below

oriented form in other heights or transversal will be.

The four twist-compensated contacts are

be seen. The four torsion-compensated with one another via the pivotable carrier 55 and

Contacts 51 to 54, which are coupled to four connecting lugs 116 to 119 for measuring the pure form. the

serve, are attached to a separate slide

arranges, which in turn is connected again to the slide 50 screw 113, the other three tabs

is mounted. Four bearing rods 56 to 59 are by means of 15 with screws 110, 111 and 112, which in one

Bearing pieces stored on the carriage 50, such as. B. slot 130 in the carrier 55 run. The screws 110,

the bearing rod 56 through the bearing pieces 94 and 95. 111 and 112 can slide freely in the slot 130 when

On each bearing rod there is a contact - the carrier 55 - around the axis of the screw 113

container 60 to 63, each of which one of the contacts 51 is rotated.

to 54 wears. The individual contact holders can be in 20 The tolerance blocks 29 and 35 are with the horizontal direction along the bearing rods 56 to the mechanism for compensating for the rotation 59 slide and are connected to each other by a swivel via two magnetic clutches and brakes and the able carrier 55 coupled. The carrier 55, like the two connecting members 64, 65, is coupled. Im depicted with the tolerance blocks 29 and 35 above the latched state, a latching lever 96 is sufficient, with the Connecting members 64 and 65 as well as magnetic release 25 of the tab 116 is connected in a catch 135 and braking devices 66 and 67 coupled. the rod 64. The lever 96 can be horizontal and longitudinal

However, when the measuring slide 3 and the driving slide of the rod 56 slide, it is so with the rod 21 for the tolerance blocks wedged the end of their running distance that it rotate upwards with this reach, the carriage 21 actuates small switch 75, can. The rod 56 is, as shown in FIG. 2 can be seen 82 and 83. By closing the miniature switch 75, 30 is advanced by a tension spring 99 in a clockwise direction a circuit is closed and a current flows under tension. When the coil 68 is de-energized, the by switch 75, a battery 76 and reel lever 96 by the release mechanism 98 of FIG 68, 69 back to switch 75. When the coils 68, coil against the force of the spring 99 in the detent 135 69 are energized, the release and brake stops couple. When the coil 68 is energized, the devices 66, 67 the pivotable carrier 65 35 release mechanism 98 the lever 97 free so that from the links 64, 65 and the spring 99 brakes the rod 56 and the lever 96 in the firmly on the slide 50. Can rotate clockwise. When the lever

By closing the small switch 83 a 96 is rotated upwards, it comes out of engagement with the Drive mechanism 74 is set in motion, the one rod 64 and couples the bracket 116 from the tolerance electric motor may contain. The contacts 40 block 92, and the tab 116 is on the carriage Carrying carriage 50 is then moved forward, braked by brakes 140 and 141 that act against

so that the contacts slide over the tolerance blocks. push rods 105 and 125.

Each tolerance block has a part 43 to 49. When the coil 69 is energized, the contact 54 becomes

an electrically conductive material. The Kon- solved by the tolerance block 35 and in corresponding

bars 70 to 73 and the conductive parts of the trains 45 way, as in connection with the coil 68 and the

belonging tolerance blocks 44, 46 and 48 are electrically contact 51 has been described, braked. Since the

connected in series, so that when Klein is closed, four torsion-compensated contacts 51 to 54

switch 82 a display device 89 energized by the pivotable support 55 with each other

is set when all these contacts are coupled at the same time, determines the position of the two outermost

touch the conductive parts. The rotation compensated 50 contacts the setting of all four contacts,

ized contacts and tolerance blocks are shown in FIG. 4, 5 and 6 show the positions of three

Talkingly like the contacts for measuring blades 142-144, which are on mounting blocks

the pure form connected in series. 145 to 147 are stored. The shovel 142 takes

The retractable sensors, their holders, which on the block 145 the ideal target position. The shovel Drive carriage and connections, the magnetic 55 143 is on the block 146 translational to the right working release devices, the tolerance shifted. The paddle 144 is clockwise Drive carriage and tolerance blocks can be rotated in on block 147. When the acquaintances Way to be executed. Approach the blade sensors from the left

F i g. FIG. 2 shows details of the construction of the con for the blade 143 the same arrangement of FIG

clock slide 50. The contacts for measuring the 60 tolerance blocks as for the blade 142, with the

angularly oriented shape, like the contacts 70 except that the tolerance blocks are slightly after

to 73, are fixedly attached to a frame 114, are shifted to the right. This shift will

while the torsion-compensated contacts 51 are made ineffective by the fact that the

to 54 can slide in the horizontal direction along the bearing contacts over the tolerance blocks, so that

rods 56 to 59 can be moved. The 65 one is a measurement of the angularly oriented

Bearing rods 56 and 105, which receives the twisting shape.

wear compensated contact 51, how better is the arrangement when measuring the blade 144

from Fig. 3 it can be seen, twisted on the frame by plates voltage of the tolerance blocks. To the measurement

To get the small shape, the contacts are swiveled by the same amount as described, before they are passed over the tolerance blocks.

The operation of the invention can be briefly summarized as follows:

A turbine blade is inserted into the bearing block, and the measuring slide, which holds the sensors is moved towards the bucket by the drive mechanism. The drive mechanism simultaneously drives the tolerance block slide with the MagnetauskÜnkvorrichtungen and the Tolerance blocks. When the individual sensors touch the blade, the associated release mechanism becomes energized, and the tolerance block assigned to the corresponding sensor is uncoupled from the drive carriage. After all the probes have touched the bucket, all tolerance blocks are uncoupled and take positions whose distribution of the contour of the Scoop corresponds.

The four rotation-compensated contacts and the contacts for measuring the angularly oriented Form are arranged on the contact slide so that they are over the surfaces of the tolerance blocks can slide. The two tolerance blocks assigned to the outermost sensors in a group are marked with the two outermost torsion-compensated contacts are coupled so that they avoid one of the torsion the bucket can be swiveled the same amount.

Before starting a series of measurements, a standard shovel is inserted into the device, along with the sensors are brought into contact with this shovel. The location of the conductive parts of the tolerance blocks is then adjusted so that all contacts rest on the conductive parts at the same time. Afterward the blades are checked by comparison with the normal blade.

When the drive mechanism slides the contacts over the tolerance blocks, one becomes first Voltage between the four twist-compensated contacts and the conductive parts of the four associated tolerance blocks are placed so that a display device for the pure form responds, when all four contacts rest on the associated conductive parts of the tolerance blocks at the same time. After this the contact slide has reached the end of its path in one direction, becomes the drive reversed, and the contacts slide again in the opposite direction over the tolerance blocks. Now a voltage is applied between the other contacts and the conductive parts associated with them Tolerance blocks placed and, if all these contacts at the same time on the conductive parts of the associated tolerance blocks are, the angularly oriented shape of the blade is in Order.

If the shovel is discarded for any reason, a recording device, which is not shown in this invention is put into action, and the sensors lead again a test cycle, wherein the recording means the advance of the sensors and the mold the shovel records.

The invention has been described in connection with the testing of turbine blades, of course it can also be used to compensate for the translational shift or the twist of any other test items are used for any other measurements. The establishment can be used alone or it can work in conjunction with another test facility.

Claims (9)

Patent claims: 1. Device for testing the shape of a workpiece independently of a twisted one and / or displaced clamping of the test object, with a number of on a movable Measuring slide arranged measuring sensors, the electrical signals when touching the test object generate, with a contact arrangement, the at least one contact piece for each sensor and contains a mating contact and its mating contacts proportional to the advance of the Measuring slide shifted and when touching the test object by the associated sensor are stopped, and with a device containing the contact arrangement for tolerance display, characterized. That the contacts (Sl to 54) of the contact arrangement are attached to a pivotable support (55), the angular position of which on contact of the test item (1) by means of assigned measuring sensors (4, 7) according to the angular position of the test item adjustable and displaceable with respect to the mating contacts (43, 45, 47, 49) in the direction of adjustment is. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pivotable carrier (55) is mounted on a slide (50) which is displaceable with respect to the mating contacts (43, 45, 47, 49) is stored. 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the contacts (51 to 54, 70 to 73) with respect to the mating contacts (43 to 49) are arranged in such a way that they only pass over the latter then slide after all sensors (4 to 11) have touched the workpiece (1). 4. Device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the pivotable Carrier (55) can be adjusted before the contacts slide over the mating contacts. 5. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the pivotable Carriers (55) supporting carriages (50) in addition to those attached to the pivotable carrier Contacts (51 to 54) still carries permanently arranged contacts (70 to 73). 6. Device according to claim 5, characterized by a feed device (74), which allows the contacts (51 to 54, 70 to 73) to slide over the mating contacts (43 to 49), with when the mating contacts overflow, the contacts arranged on the pivotable carrier (51 to 54) and when the mating contacts overflow the other, which are fixed on the slide (50) arranged contacts (70 to 73) are connected to the display device (89). 7. Device according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the mating contacts consist of conductive parts (43 to 49) of movable tolerance blocks (29 to 35), over which the contacts (51 to 54, 70 to 73) slide. 8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the tolerance blocks (29 to 35) via electromagnetic, when the associated sensor (4 to 11) is touched with the Test object (1) disengaging clutches (22 to 28) are coupled to a drive slide (21). 9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pivotable carrier (55) with two of the displaceable mating contacts (43, 49) via connecting links (64, 65) and magnetic release 10 and braking devices (66,67) coupled through the respective sensors are controllable. Considered publications:
German Patent Nos. 1027 413, 905 790; U.S. Patents Nos. 2,759,271, 2,311,804,
561.1 612 235. 1 sheet of drawings 709 747/248 1.68 © Bundesdruckerei Berlin