DE1255249B - Glazing with variable light transmission - Google Patents

Glazing with variable light transmission

Info

Publication number
DE1255249B
DE1255249B DEC20387A DEC0020387A DE1255249B DE 1255249 B DE1255249 B DE 1255249B DE C20387 A DEC20387 A DE C20387A DE C0020387 A DEC0020387 A DE C0020387A DE 1255249 B DE1255249 B DE 1255249B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
glazing
glass
heat
light transmission
variable light
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DEC20387A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Pierre Ivan Peyches
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Original Assignee
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA filed Critical Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Publication of DE1255249B publication Critical patent/DE1255249B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B32B17/10045—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet
    • B32B17/10055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet with at least one intermediate air space
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10376—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing metal wires
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10467—Variable transmission
    • B32B17/10477—Variable transmission thermochromic
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/67—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light
    • E06B3/6715—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light specially adapted for increased thermal insulation or for controlled passage of light
    • E06B3/6722—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light specially adapted for increased thermal insulation or for controlled passage of light with adjustable passage of light
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B7/00—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows
    • E06B7/28—Other arrangements on doors or windows, e.g. door-plates, windows adapted to carry plants, hooks for window cleaners

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)

Description

Verglasung mit veränderlicher Lichtdurchlässigkeit Es sind Verglasungen mit veränderlicher Lichtdurchlässigkeit bekannt, die aus zwei Glasscheiben bestehen, zwischen denen eine Schicht aus einem wärmeempfindlichen Stoff angeordnet ist, die unter Wärmeeinwirkung, insbesondere unter der Einwirkung der Sonnenstrahlen, reversibel einen Farbumschlag oder eine Trübung erfährt.Glazing with variable light transmission It is glazing known with variable light transmission, which consist of two panes of glass, between which a layer of a heat-sensitive material is arranged, the reversible under the action of heat, especially under the action of the sun's rays experiences a color change or cloudiness.

Eine solche unter Verwendung von üblichen Gläsern hergestellte Verbundverglasung ist für den angestrebten Zweck wenig wirksam, falls ihre Verwendungsbedingungen voraussetzen, daß sie in einer Außenatmosphäre von niedrigerer Temperatur angeordnet wird. In diesem Fall ist die Wärmeeinwirkung, z. B. durch die Sonnenbestrahlung, gegenüber der Kühlung durch die Außenluft nicht ausreichend, um zu bewirken, daß der wärmeempfindliche Film die Temperaturschwelle erreicht, bei welcher seine Umwandlung beginnt oder eine nennenswerte Umwandlung erfolgt.Such laminated glazing produced using conventional glasses is ineffective for the intended purpose if its conditions of use assume that they are placed in an outside atmosphere of lower temperature will. In this case the exposure to heat, e.g. B. by solar radiation, versus outside air cooling is insufficient to cause the thermosensitive film reaches the temperature threshold at which its conversion begins or a significant conversion takes place.

Nach einem nicht zum Stand der Technik gehörigen Vorschlag sind bei einem Verbundglas der eingangs genannten Art transparente Beläge eines Kondensators auf die Glasscheiben aufgebracht. Zur Umfärbung der Zwischenschicht wird diese dem elektrischen Wechselfeld des Kondensators ausgesetzt. Eine Verglasung nach diesem Vorschlag ist wegen der Mittel zur Erzeugung und zur Steuerung des Kondensatorfeldes sehr kostspielig und kann aus dem gleichen Grund auch nur für bestimmte spezielle Zwecke Anwendung finden.According to a proposal that does not belong to the state of the art, are at a laminated glass of the type mentioned, transparent coverings of a capacitor applied to the glass panes. To change the color of the intermediate layer, this is the exposed to the alternating electric field of the capacitor. A glazing after this The suggestion is because of the means for generating and controlling the capacitor field very costly and for the same reason can only be used for certain special ones Purposes apply.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Verglasung der eingangs genannten Art so auszubilden, daß sie auf Wärmeeinstrahlung auch in kühler Atmosphäre empfindlich reagiert, einfach ausgebildet und vielseitig anwendbar ist.The object of the invention is to provide glazing as mentioned above Kind to train in such a way that they are sensitive to heat radiation even in a cool atmosphere reacts, is simply trained and can be used in a variety of ways.

Eine Verglasung der eingangs genannten Art mit einer Zwischenschicht aus oder mit Stoffen, die durch Wärmeeinwirkung reversibel einen Farbumschlag oder eine Trübung erfahren, ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens eine der Glasscheiben eine erhöhte Absorption der Wärmestrahlen aufweist. Das Absorptionsspektrum dieser Glasart ist reich an Absorptionsbändern in der Nähe des Infrarotbereichs. Aus diesem Grund können diese Gläser, wenn sie der Sonnenstrahlung ausgesetzt werden, Temperaturen erreichen, die größenordnungsmäßig um mehr als 50° über der Außentemperatur liegen. Sie sind dann, selbst bei großer Kälte, hinreichend warm, um zu bewirken, daß der mit ihnen in Kontakt stehende wärmeempfindliche Stoff die Wärmeschwelle überschreitet, bei welcher seine Umwandlung beginnt. Die Zwischenschicht oder der Film aus wärmeempfindlichem Stoff wird nach der Erfindung nicht nur durch die von ihm selbst absorbierten Strahlen, unter deren Einwirkung die Verglasung steht, sondern - und insbesondere - durch seinen thermischen Kontakt mit dem durch Absorption erwärmten Glas erwärmt.Glazing of the type mentioned at the beginning with an intermediate layer made of or with substances that reversibly change color due to the action of heat or experience turbidity is characterized according to the invention in that at least one of the glass panes has an increased absorption of the heat rays. The absorption spectrum this type of glass is rich in absorption bands in the near infrared region. For this reason, when these glasses are exposed to solar radiation, Reach temperatures that are on the order of more than 50 ° above the outside temperature lie. They are then warm enough, even when it is very cold, to cause that the heat-sensitive substance in contact with them exceeds the heat threshold at which its conversion begins. The intermediate layer or the Film of heat-sensitive material is according to the invention not only by that of rays absorbed by himself, under the influence of which the glazing is, but - and in particular - by its thermal contact with that heated by absorption Heated glass.

Die Verwendung von athermanem d. h. wärmeabsorbierendem Glas ist insbesondere für die Fälle geeignet, in welchen es erwünscht ist, daß die Änderung der Farbe oder das Undurchsichtigwerden des wärmeempfindlichen Stoffes ausschließlich unter der Einwirkung und in Abhängigkeit von einer Strahlung, insbesondere der Sonnenstrahlung, erfolgt.The use of athermanem d. H. Heat absorbing glass is particular suitable for the cases where it is desired to change the color or the heat-sensitive fabric becoming opaque only below the effect and depending on radiation, in particular solar radiation, he follows.

Eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der Erfindung besteht in einer Anordnung, welche die Eigenschaften veränderlicher Lichtdurchlässigkeit mit denen von isolierenden Verglasungen vereinigt.There is a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention in an arrangement that has the properties of variable light transmission united with those of insulating glazing.

Verglasungen aus zwei voneinander durch einen wärmeempfindlichen Stoff getrennten Glasscheiben, zwischen denen kein luftgefüllter Zwischenraum vorhanden ist, besitzen nicht den einen der wesentlichen Vorteile von Mehrfachverglasungen, der in der geringen Wärmeleitfähigkeit als Folge der Luftzwischenschicht besteht.Glazing made of two from each other by a heat-sensitive fabric separate panes of glass, between which there is no air-filled space do not have one of the main advantages of multiple glazing, which consists in the low thermal conductivity as a result of the air interlayer.

Gemäß der Erfindung können die Vorteile der Mehrfachverglasungen und die der Verglasungen von veränderlicher Lichtdurchlässigkeit dadurch vereinigt werden, daß drei Glasscheiben, die voneinander durch einen Luftspalt getrennt sind, miteinander vereinigt werden und der eine der beiden Zwischenräume durch den wärmeempfindlichen Stoff ausgefüllt wird, während der zweite eine Luftzwischenschicht bildet, welche die gewünschte Wärmeisolierung bewirkt. Durch diese Ausbildung wird die Wirkung gegenüber der oben bereits erwähnten, durch die Verwendung von athermanem, d. h. wärmeabsorbierendem Glas erzielten noch verbessert, denn der wärmeempfindliche Stoff liegt in diesem Fall zwischen einer heizenden, aus wärmeabsorbierendem Glas bestehenden oder in sonstiger Weise heizend ausgebildeten Fläche und einer isolierenden Luftzwischenschicht. Unter diesen Umständen wird durch den wärmeempfindlichen Stoff eine Höchstmenge der aufgenommenen Wärme ausgenutzt.According to the invention, the advantages of multiple glazing and those of the glazings of variable light transmission are thereby united, that three panes of glass, which are separated from each other by an air gap, with each other be united and the one of the two spaces in between through the heat-sensitive fabric is filled, while the second is an air interlayer forms, which causes the desired thermal insulation. Through this training will the effect compared to that already mentioned above, through the use of athermanem, d. H. Heat-absorbing glass achieved even better than the heat-sensitive one In this case, the substance lies between a heating, heat-absorbing glass existing or otherwise heated surface and an insulating surface Air interlayer. Under these circumstances, the heat-sensitive fabric a maximum amount of the absorbed heat is used.

Claims (2)

Patentansprüche: 1. Verglasung mit veränderlicher Lichtdurchlässigkeit in Gestalt einer Kombination von zwei Glasscheiben mit einer Zwischenschicht aus oder mit Stoffen, die durch Wärmeeinwirkung reversibel einen Farbumschlag oder eine Trübung erfahren, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens eine der Glasscheiben aus einem athermanem Glas besteht und somit eine erhöhte Absorption der Wärmestrahlen aufweist. Claims: 1. Glazing with variable light transmission in the form of a combination of two panes of glass with an intermediate layer or with substances that reversibly change color or Experience turbidity, characterized in that at least one of the glass panes from an athermal glass and thus an increased absorption of the heat rays having. 2. Verglasung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mit ihr eine dritte, von der Verglasung veränderlicher Lichtdurchlässigkeit durch einen freien Zwischenraum getrennte Glasscheibe kombiniert ist. In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften: Deutsche Patentschrift Nr. 926 684. In Betracht gezogene ältere Patente: Deutsches Patent Nr. 1115 451.2. Glazing according to claim 1, characterized in that a third, variable transparency from the glazing is combined with it through a free space. Documents considered: German Patent No. 926 684. Older Patents considered: German Patent No. 1115 451.
DEC20387A 1958-12-17 1959-12-17 Glazing with variable light transmission Pending DE1255249B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR781895A FR1218574A (en) 1958-12-17 1958-12-17 Variable transmission glazing

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1255249B true DE1255249B (en) 1967-11-30

Family

ID=8709353

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEC20387A Pending DE1255249B (en) 1958-12-17 1959-12-17 Glazing with variable light transmission

Country Status (5)

Country Link
DE (1) DE1255249B (en)
ES (1) ES254202A1 (en)
FR (1) FR1218574A (en)
LU (1) LU38048A1 (en)
NL (1) NL245836A (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3158678A (en) * 1961-06-20 1964-11-24 Litton Systems Inc Optical device
NL300132A (en) * 1962-11-19

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE926684C (en) * 1953-06-18 1955-04-21 Paul Dautzenberg Glass or glass substitute with dyes that change under the influence of temperature

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE926684C (en) * 1953-06-18 1955-04-21 Paul Dautzenberg Glass or glass substitute with dyes that change under the influence of temperature

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL245836A (en) 1900-01-01
ES254202A1 (en) 1960-05-16
FR1218574A (en) 1960-05-11
LU38048A1 (en) 1960-06-14

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