DE1236887B - Pneumatically operated valve - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Int. Cl .:

F16k

German KI .: 47 g -45/04

Number: 1236 887

File number: R 37387 XII / 47 g

Filing date: March 6, 1964

Open date: March 16, 1967

The invention relates to pneumatically operated valves for control systems, and more particularly to such Valves for the temporary disconnection or connection of pneumatic subsystems of such overall systems from or to other subsystems.

The pneumatically operated valve according to the invention can for example be used in pneumatic safety systems They are used as warning systems in drive systems or in machines that only work rarely or only with interruptions serve and put the machine in question out of operation if dangerous or abnormal Working conditions occur. It is necessary or desirable with some such security systems either only operating conditions designated as "Class A", for example storage temperatures or machine vibrations, to be monitored or also operating conditions designated as "Class B", for example, to monitor shaft speeds or output pressures of pumps. A fundamental one The difference between class B and class A operating conditions is that that the operating conditions of class A, for example the bearing temperature of a motor, are in the The safety or normal range is when the engine is at a standstill during operating conditions Class B, for example the output pressure of a pump driven by the motor, in the abnormal When the machine is at a standstill. That is why it is, for example, when starting a Motor necessary, the monitoring devices for hazard sources of class B of the operating conditions switch off from the rest of the safety system until the engine reaches its normal speed without Fault has reached and the class B operating conditions reach the normal safety range to have.

There are already usable in safety systems for machine controls, pneumatically operated Known valves which serve to prevent the machine in question from being switched on again, if this occurs when an operating state of the security system has been taken out of service.

These known valve arrangements have two connected to one another via a valve seat standing pressure chambers, the valve seat cooperating with a closure piece that normally is biased in the opening direction, but pushed into the closed position by a valve tappet is, as soon as one of these valve tappets be-pneumatically operated valve

Applicant:

Robertshaw Controls Company,
Richmond, Va. (V. St. A.)

Representative:

Dipl.-Ing. R. Holzer, patent attorney,
ίο Augsburg, Philippine-Welser-Str. 14th

Named as inventor:

Louis Medart Puster, Knoxville, Tenn. (V. St. A.)

Claimed priority:

V. St. v. America March 11, 1963 (264113)

acting actuator diaphragm acts a corresponding signal pressure.

However, these known valves have the disadvantage that the valve actuation is only dependent on a single input variable can take place, which is not sufficient in certain applications.

The object of the invention is therefore to be achieved, such a pneumatically operated valve to be able to apply a larger number of control variables for control systems than for the known valve described above is the case.

The invention accordingly proceeds from a pneumatically operated valve for control systems of the above specified type, in which two valve chambers are connected to one another by a channel, the in which one valve chamber opens into a valve seat, with which a valve seat under the action of an opening spring closing valve piece cooperates, the closure of which by one in said Valve chamber protruding into it, actuated at one end by a membrane of a pressure chamber and valve tappets seated loosely on the closure piece is effected.

The above object is achieved according to the invention in that on the pressure chamber A second pressure chamber is provided facing away from the side of the membrane in a manner known per se is and that the channel in the other valve chamber in turn in a manner also known per se opens into a valve seat with which another, also under the action of an opening spring

709 519/288

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standing closure piece cooperates, which counteracts the closing piece 52 from its closed position

one the valve chamber against a third pressure of the pressure difference acting on it between the

chamber delimiting membrane rests. highest pressure in the valve chamber 46 and the

Further features of the invention result from the lowest pressure in channel 48 in the open position

the subclaim. 5, provided that the double-acting membrane 28

In the following, the invention will be based on a being in the position shown in Fig. 1

Example of execution and application in the

associated drawings explained. It represents the security system according to FIG. 2 contains a

F i g. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a valve according to the coupling relay with the reference number 100, a first

of the invention and io group of monitoring devices 102 and a

2 shows a circuit diagram of a security system, second group of monitoring devices 104. Each

for a machine in which the valve according to this monitoring device has a pulse converter

F i g. 1 applies. relay 106 and an input relay 108. The above-

In Fig. 1 is with the reference number 10, the valve monitoring devices 102 and 104 differ only of the invention as a whole. The touch in function. The monitoring devices 102 Housing consists of four parts 12, 14, 16 and 18, are used to monitor the operating conditions which are connected to each other by screws 20 of class A used on the engine, while the are. Each of the housing parts has bores and monitoring devices 104 for monitoring the cavities on, which in the assembled state drive conditions of class B on driven Form chambers and channels. 20 work machines are used. "

The upper housing part 12 has a connection opening In addition to the devices described above,

opening 22, into which a channel 24 opens, whereby the safety system still holds a pressure medium

the upper part with a pressure chamber 26 in connection source 110, a fuel source 112 and a connection

dung stands. The pressure chamber 26 is through a source of discharge compressed air 114. The pressure medium source 110

double-acting diaphragm 28 opposite one on 25 is via a line 116 and a branch line

Upper end of the housing part 14 located pressure 118 with the coupling relay 100 in connection. A

Chamber 30 completed. In the pressure chamber 30 manually operated three-way valve 120 is in the line

is a diaphragm plate 32 by a compression spring 34, 116 between the pressure medium source 110 and the

which is supported on a spring plate 36, switched against the branch line 118. The three-way valve

Underside of the membrane 28 printed. On the mem- 30 120 connects in one position the pressure medium

branteller 32 is a valve tappet 38 attached to the source 110 with the coupling relay 100. In the other

Positioned up and down a bore 40 of the housing part 14, the pressure medium source 110 is disconnected

removably guided and therein with a sealing ring and the coupling relay through the three-way valve 120

42 is sealed. A connection opening 44 of the vented.

The housing part 14 is below the membrane 28 with the 35. The fuel source 112 is connected to the motor 122

Pressure chamber 30 in connection. via a line 124 in connection, in which a

The valve tappet 38 protrudes into a valve chamber 46, a pneumatically operated three-way valve 128 inserted

into it. A channel 48 extends from the valve is. The three-way pneumatic valve 128 is such

chamber 46 through the housing part 16 down and connected that, if no pressure on the line

ends in another valve chamber 50 at the lower 40 lines 130, 270, 272, 278 and 284 on the mem-

End of the housing part 16. bran of the three-way valve 128 is loaded, the supply line

At the top of the channel 48 is a closure 124 between the fuel source 112 and the three-piece 52 and is blocked by an opening directional control valve 128 and the supply line 124 is double-spring 54 held in the open position. The three-way valve 128 and the motor 122 are provided on the device Closing piece 52 is a guide piece 56, 45 is vented. If on the other hand pressure medium by which can slide in channel 48. One connection - the line 130, 270, 272, 278, 284 of the membrane Opening 58, which is supplied to the three-way valve 128 in connection with the valve chamber 46, closes dung is drilled into the housing part 16. the ventilation opening opposite the supply line 124,

At the lower end of the channel 48 there is a further closure piece 60 with a guide piece 50, 112 and the motor 122, and the connection between the fuel source is released.
62 that can slide in channel 48. An opening spring of the motor 122 has a pneumatically operated 64 normally holds the plug 60 in the starter 132, which is via a line 134 and an open position in which the plug 60 is actuated by a three-way pneumatic valve 288 with a diaphragm 66 covering the bottom the valve chamber compressed air source 114 is in communication. The pneu-50 represents rests. A connection opening 68 is 55 matic three-way valve 288 is both in construction with the valve chamber 50 in connection. as well as the function of the three-way valve

The lower housing part 18 has a connection opening 128. When the membrane of the three-way valve 288 nung70 on, which is via a channel 72 with a pressure via the line 286, in which a by hand chamber 74 of the housing part 18 is in communication. actuated start valve 136 is located, pressure given up The pressure chamber 74 is covered by the diaphragm 66 60, the three-way valve 288 connects the start-up, compressed air source 114 with the starter 132. When the

The closure piece 52 can be relieved of pressure in its closing position diaphragm of the three-way valve 288, If the double-acting, the three-way valve 288 closes the starting air diaphragm 28 by supplying a sufficiently high source 114 from, while the right of the three-way printing through the connection opening 22 downwardly valve 288 located branch of the line 134 is vented is pressed. The locking piece 52 is not media- is.

niche connected to the valve stem 38. Other- When the engine is stopped and the valves 120,

on the other hand, the opening spring 54 is strong enough that the connections 128, 136 and 288 are closed, must be

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If the three-way valve 120 is opened by hand, the temperature of the monitored warehouse is normal and the pressure medium source 110 with the coupling relay paint moves the safety area, the pulse converter 100 via lines 116 and 118 in connection relay 106 keeps the end of line 188 closed, be set. Compressed air then flows via connection when the temperature of the bearing at the drive openings 140 and 142 to the coupling relay 100. The 5 motor beyond the safety area into the Ge compressed air flow in the connection opening 140 is driving range, increases, the sensor 192 exercises a in the coupling relay 100 by the main relay 144 pressure on the membrane of the pulse converter relay 106 interrupted. The main relay 144 is a pneumatic off, so that the line 188 is vented. In table-operated three-way valve, which has an inner for the special case of a high-temperature over-line 146 either with the connection opening 140 io monitoring system, the sensor can take the form of a or connects to a vent 148. In addition, with a temperature-sensitive liquid If there is no pressure on the diaphragm 150 of the filled bladder, the liquid is released from the main relay 144, so that the inner conduit 146 expands with it and one for the actuation of the pulse of the Vent 148 is connected. When converter relay has sufficient pressure on its mem-pressure is applied to the membrane 150, 15 exerts bran when it is at an undesirably high level closes the main relay the vent 148 temperature is heated.

and connects the inner line 146 to the connection line 188 or the connection opening 190 of the

circuit opening 140. Input relay 108 is on a line 194 and

On the other hand, compressed air flows to the coupling relay through a throttle point 196 with the supply opening 100 through the connection opening 142 and is 20 178 of the input relay 108 in connection, which through a shock relay 152 into an inner line 154 of the latter pressure medium via the multiple line 176 forwarded. The surge relay 152 is a pneumatic flow. Line 194 also leads to one actuated straight-way valve, which is either the actuating diaphragm 198 of a pneumatic three-line valve Line 154 with the connection opening 142 connects directional control valve 200 in the input relay 108. The pneubindet or is closed. The shock relay 152 is 25 matic three-way valve 200 connects an open, if on its actuating diaphragm 156 no closing opening 202 either with a vent pressure burdens. Initially, there is no pressure on the opening 204 or with the supply opening 178. actuating diaphragm 156. If there is no pressure on actuating diaphragm 198

Compressed air flows from the inner line 154 is overloaded, the connection opening 202 is with the vent Line 158, a branch line 166 and via a 30 line opening 204 connected. So if the Im check valve 168 into a line 170, which is connected to pulse converter relay 106 under the influence of the noreiner Connection opening 172 of the coupling relay 100 in male operating conditions measuring sensor Connection. From the connection opening 172 192 is closed, is in the line 194 through Compressed air flows through a line 174 of a multiple supply of pressure medium from the multiple line 176 specialist line 176, which is built up in the usual manner with supply 35 via the supply opening 178 pressure openings 178 of all input relays 108 of the and the operating membrane 198 of the pneumatic Monitoring devices 102 and 104 in connection with three-way valve 200 in the input relay 108, leads. The pneumatic three-way

In addition, compressed air flows from the multiple valve 200 to the supply port 178 with the instructions 176 from a line 250 of the connection port 202, while the vent opening opening 22 of valve 10 closed. This closes the mem- 204. To the connection opening 202 is bran 28 is actuated downwards and the closure piece is connected to a check valve 206 so that the 52 brought into its closed position. As a result, pressure medium is not released from the connection opening 202 in the connection between the connection opening 58 can flow a downstream line 208, but and the channel 48 interrupted. 45 to the contrary only from a line 210

The line 158 is outside via a line 184 and the line 208 to the vent opening 204, that with the vent 148 in connection. when the monitoring device responds and on the A throttle point 186 in the line 184 represents the emergence of a danger, but sure that in the inner line 154 and the other monitoring device 102 to the over-connecting Lines 158 and 166 have a pressure 50 monitoring of Class A operating conditions is maintained as long as pressure medium directly on the same mode of operation, since the operating conditions of the pressure medium source 110 of the inner line of the engine, which is controlled by the monitoring 154 flows in via the surge relay 152. devices 102 are monitored, in the security

The monitoring devices 102 and 104 are all moving in the area as long as the engine is stationary, essential with regard to their structure and their 55. As long as the closure piece 52 of the valve 10 Function the same and differ only in its closed position and as long as the the function of their sensors. Each monitoring vents 204 in the two input devices has a pulse converter relay 106, which relay 108 is used to monitor operations represents pressure medium-actuated straight-way valve. Conditions of class A certain over-referring monitoring devices 102 are closed to the uppermost monitoring device 60, can be in 102 closes or vents the pulse converter relay connected to a connection opening 212 of the coupling relay 106 a line 188, the line 210 connected to a connection opening 100 by feeding 190 of the input relay 108 is connected. A pressure medium is set via lines 166 and 170 the case that the uppermost monitoring device 102 is to build up a pressure. Line 210 is also available Monitoring of an operating condition of class A, 65 with the connection opening 58 of the valve 10, for example a storage temperature of the motor, integration. The line 210 is via the line 170 set, a sensor 192 is supplied with the pulse pressure medium, which is at a throttle point converter relay 106 connected in such a way that when 214 is so throttled that the pressure in the line

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210 remains low until the closure piece 52 under The line 170 is not vented because the check valve 168 prevents the return flow of the pressure 170, 174, 176 and 250 of the connection opening 22 of the means into the line 166 through the unthrottled lines . Therefore, the pressure medium flowing in to valve 10 continues to close in its closing pressure in line 170.
Position. Here, the connection between the pressure medium flows from the connection opening 58 and the channel 48 of the connection opening 140 to the lines 146 and valve 10 via the main relay 144 is interrupted. The closure piece 52 130. The line 130 is connected to an inlet opening 252, thus interrupting the connection between the line of a start relay 254. The start relay device 210, which is connected to the connection openings 202 of the 254, has a ventilation opening 256, an outlet monitoring device 102 for monitoring the opening 258 and a connection opening 260. Operating conditions of the class A in connection Just as with the input relay 108 is in the stands, and the line part 2105, which to the start relays 254 the outlet opening 258 either with connection openings 202 of the monitoring devices 104 of the ventilation opening 256 or with the inlet for the monitoring of the operating conditions of the opening 254 connected. When the Class B port is connected. As long as the motor has not been pressurized and the starter membrane is left on, the connection openings 202 of the relay 254 are pressurized, the membrane pressurized under monitoring devices 104 for the operating conditions actuates the starter relay and sets the class B with the corresponding venting the connection between the inlet opening 252 openings 204 in connection. and the exit port 258. If the printing line is 210 B digested with the conduit 210 via 20 across the membrane, consists in the Startden channel 48 of the valve 10 in connection when relay 254 a connection between the outlet Both closing pieces 52 and 60 in its open opening 258 and the vent 256, where position are located. In order to switch off the pulse converter relay for the inlet opening 252 to switch off the class B from the security system, pressure medium can be supplied to the connection opening 260 from which one of the closing pieces 52 and 60 must be fed to the line 130 by bringing one into its closed position until the operating starter button 262 is depressed, a class B body condition is in its safety device 264 and the connection opening 260 is in the body area and the motor connects the necessary device 130. The starter button has reached 262 speed. only has to be pressed down for a short time, since immediately when the closure piece 52 is in its closing position, a connection between the inlet opening 252 can be established and build up in the line 210 and the outlet opening 258. This pressure is created by supplying pressure medium from the outlet opening 258 via a pressure medium via the line 170 and the bypass line 266 and a throttle point 268 of the connection opening 212 of the coupling relay 100.
Build-up of pressure at the connection opening 212 35 As soon as the outlet opening 258 is under pressure, a line 270 directs the pressure medium to one of 144 in the coupling relay 100 via the inner line manually operated start valve 136 on the working diaphragm 150 of the main relay. The start valve 136 216 a pressure on, and the main relay 144 opens, is initially not yet actuated, and pressure medium when the working diaphragm 150 is under pressure, which flows from the line 270 through a line 272 connection between the connection opening 140 and 40 to a manually operated ignition valve 274, the line 146 and closes the vent opening which is initially still closed.
148 from. After opening the start valve 136, pressure can flow through the opening of the main relay 144, the medium from the line 270 via the start valve 136 connection opening 140 with the line 146, into a line 286, which flows to the actuating and pressure medium from the line 146 to the 45 diaphragm of the pneumatic three-way valve 288 lines 218 and 130. Through the supply of leads. When the actuating diaphragm of the three-way pressure medium in the line 218, the working valve 288 is pressurized, the three-diaphragm 156 connects the shock relay 152 pressurized, directional control valve 288 the starting compressed air source 114 via the so that this closes and the connection between line 134 with the starter 132. From the line see the connection opening 142 of the coupling relay 100 50 134 is compressed air via a line 220, which interrupts both the line 154. The surge relay 152, pressure regulating valve 222 and a throttle point 224 entist so constructed that, once it is closed, it branches off. The line 220 conducts the compressed air through which the connection opening 142 acts to the connection opening 70 of the valve 10. The pressure remains closed. So when the surge relay supply of compressed air to the connection opening 70 152 is brought 55 into its original open position, the closure piece 60 of the valve 10 is to be in its, it is necessary to bring the line 118 or closed position so that the connection to vent the connection opening 142 by actuating the three-way manual valve 120 between the connection opening 68 and the channel 48. So that is sure-is interrupted.

The manually operated ignition valve 274 can then be started statically, but rather a 60 opens so that compressed air from line 270 requires manual operation as soon as it can flow through lines 276 and 278. The line fault has been put out of service. 276 conducts the compressed air to a pneumatic system. When the shock relay 152 is closed and the electrical switch 280 through which the line 154 no longer flows pressure medium, the ignition of the motor 122 is switched on,
lines 154, 158 and 166 via line 184, 65 line 278 leads to a connection opening and is vented via a throttle point 186. The throttle of a manually operated three-way valve 282, point 186 is connected to the vent opening 148 of the through line 284 either with the line coupling relay 100 in connection. 278 or connected to a vent

will. The line 284 leads to an actuation link between the outlet opening 258 and the diaphragm of the pneumatic three-way valve 128. Vent 256, so that the lines 270 When there is pressure in line 284, and 276 are also vented. At the same time will Fuel source 112 connected to engine 122. the line 278 is vented, and the electrical ignition through the actuation of the three-way valve 282 and S switch 280 turns off. Through the vent By venting the line 284, the fuel line 280 is connected to the pneumatic three-substance flow to the engine 122 interrupted because the directional control valve 128 the fuel flow between the Operating diaphragm of three-way pneumatic fuel source 112 and motor 122 subvalve 128 is relieved. broke.

The line 284 leads behind the three-way valve io. In the safety system according to FIG 128 further and stands with the inlet opening 44 of the possible to switch off the engine by hand without Valve 10 in connection. If the pressure medium has to be put out of operation by the coupling relay 100, through line 284 and fuel source 112 during normal operation of the safety the motor 122 is in communication, the system is pressurized fluid through the port Pressure medium 284 also to the connection opening 44 15 22 continuously of the double-acting membrane 28 of the valve 10 passed. The valve 10 is supplied by the supply of pressure. The pressure of this leverage The double-acting membrane 28 becomes the connection opening 44 acting membrane 28 of the valve 10 in its original balanced by the pressure in the line 284, original position returned, and the ver that holds the pneumatic three-way valve 128 open, tail piece 52 enters its open position. The 20 When the pressures on both sides of the double still is the connection between line 210Z? acting membrane 28 are the same, presses the and the line 210 interrupted, since the closure compression spring 34, the double-acting diaphragm 28 in piece 60 under the influence of the pressure medium of its upper position, as shown in FIG. 1 is shown. Starting compressed air source 114 is still in its closing position. At the same time, the opening spring 54 holds the closed position is located. 25 pieces 52 in its open position.

After compressed air is supplied to the starter 132. When the operator turns off the engine and the operator starts the engine 122 and wants to, he presses a stop button 290, whereby both the fuel flows to the engine 122 and the line 264 is vented. The ignition is switched on, the engine starts and the actuation membrane of the start relay 254 is relieved, which slowly starts up. After the start of the motor 30 through the inlet opening 252 on the start relay 254, the start valve 136 is closed and locked by hand and the outlet opening 258 with which the pressure medium supply to the pneumatic three-vent opening 256 is connected. Fixed way valve 288 is interrupted. By closing, so that the full pressure in the line of the start valve 136 is vented, the line 286 is vented, 130 maintained and the coupling relay 100 in so that the operating diaphragm of the three-way valve 35 remains in its working position. By returning the vent 288 to its original position and the line 258, the actuating diaphragm of the lines 134 and 220 will be vented. electrical ignition switch 280 and the actuation-The pressure decrease .at the connection opening 70 of the membrane of the pneumatic three-way valve 128 valve 10 through the line 220 is relieved by the and the engine is put out of operation. Controlled by throttle point 224, which reduces the pressure 40 the venting of the line 284 but also the decrease at the connection opening 70 until the connection opening 44 of the valve start-up of the motor is fully connected to it. Thereby 10 is also vented and the pressure under the double-acting opening movement of the closure piece 60 of the diaphragm 28 is reduced so that the double-acting valve 10 is delayed until the operating diaphragm bends downwards and the conditions of class B are within a safety locking piece 52 pushes into its closed position,
area and the various ventilation openings 204 of the monitoring devices 104 for which are also the line 2105 and the monitoring of the operating conditions of the class B monitoring devices 104 for the monitoring of the closed. operating conditions of class B switched off, so that

If the overpressure at the connection opening 70 50, the coupling relay 100 at its connection opening 212

is finally dismantled, the membrane 66 reaches the can not be vented if the operating conditions

Valve 10 in its original position and the class B conditions when the

Closure piece 60 in its open position. This causes motor 122 to slide into a hazardous area. the

the lines 210 and 2105 are connected to each other monitoring devices 102 for monitoring the

connected, and a glitch or slippage of the 55 Class A operating conditions continues

Operating conditions of classes A and B into one effective, since the operating conditions of class A

abnormal hazard area causes immediate exit- stay within the safety area if the

circuit via the safety system by the motor 122 is at a standstill. To the engine 122 again

direct connection of the line 210 or through the start, the operator need only the

Connection of line 210 via line 2105 60 Depress starter button 262 so that the actuating

pressurized with the ventilation opening 204 of the corresponding supply membrane of the start relay 254

Monitoring device. By venting the Leischlag and the inlet opening 252 with the outlet

device 210, the actuating membrane 150 of the opening 258 is connected, while the

Main relay 144 is relieved and the line 130 with ventilation opening 256 is closed. This flows

the vent 148 connected. Through the 65 pressure medium of line 270, the pneumatic

Venting the line 130 closes the start three-way valve 128, the electrical ignition switch

relay 254, as there is also 280 in the bypass line 266 and the connection opening 44 of the valve 10

the pressure is released. This creates a confusion. The double-acting membrane 28 enters

Claims (2)

their original position and releases the locking piece 52. At the same time, compressed air is supplied to the starter 132 and the motor 122 is started in the manner described. Patent claims: 1. Pneumatically operated valve for control systems, in which two valve chambers through a channel are connected to each other, which in a valve chamber in a valve seat opens with which a locking piece under the action of an opening spring cooperates, the closure of which by a protruding into said valve chamber, operated with one end through a membrane of a pressure chamber and on the closure piece loosely seated valve tappet is effected, characterized in that on the the pressure chamber (26) facing away from the side Membrane (28) a second pressure chamber (30) is provided in a manner known per se and that the channel (48) in the other valve chamber (50) also in a known manner Valve seat opens, with which another, also under the action of an opening spring (64) standing closure piece (60, 62) cooperates on a valve chamber against a third pressure chamber (74) delimiting membrane (66) rests. 2. Valve according to claim 1, characterized in that on the valve tappet (38) in per se a spring (34) engages in a known manner, which engages the plunger of the locking piece to be actuated (52) pushes away. Considered publications:
German Patent No. 627182;
U.S. Patent Nos. 2,569,881, 3,075,537. 1 sheet of drawings 709 519/288 3. 67 © Bundesdruckerei Berlin