DE1230617B - Device for the catalytic post-combustion of exhaust gases from internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Int. CL:

F02f

German class: 46 c6- 6/02

Number: 1230 617

File number: B 54248IV c / 46 c6

Filing date: July 31, 1959

Opening day: December 15, 1966

The pollution of the air, especially in cities, by harmful components in the exhaust gases from internal combustion engines, such as. B. carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide and hydrocarbons, is, especially because of their harmful effects as well as because of the odor nuisance, an extraordinary disadvantage. To eliminate this inadequate condition, the so-called "catalytic oxidation" is already used, which is unburned or partially burned in a known manner Components of the fuel in the exhaust gases burns _{to form CO 2} and H _{2 O.} This afterburning depends quantitatively essentially on the type of catalyst and the residence time of the exhaust gases in the area of the catalyst.

The invention aims above all a device that meets the operational requirements in both In terms of heat engineering and production, it is sufficient and at the same time takes into account the knowledge contributes to the fact that the high temperatures of about 900 ° C. and more caused by the afterburning a free expansion possibility of the device carrying the catalyst inside a gas flowing through it, for example, require a housing designed as a muffler.

There are designs known in which a vessel containing the catalyst is in the surrounding Housing can expand freely in one plane, but here the vessel is on both sides of the walls the surrounding housing limited. The entry and exit surfaces are designed to protect against bulges caused by thermal stresses by moving longitudinal members secured. These known designs are cumbersome and offer considerable difficulties in thermal point of view.

The invention provides a device for the catalytic post-combustion of exhaust gases from internal combustion engines ahead, which consists of a silencer-like housing in which a perforated, the catalyst receiving vessel is mounted displaceably in the longitudinal direction. According to the invention is the vessel on the rear wall of the housing, seen in the direction of flow of the exhaust gases attached and at its other end with its inlet pipe for the exhaust gases in a wall of the housing axially slidable.

Such an arrangement ensures, on the one hand, completely free thermal expansion and, on the other hand, excellent thermal insulation of the housing from the outer wall of the surrounding housing. As the front plain bearing of the exhaust device for the catalytic post-combustion of exhaust gases that has not yet been heated up by the post-combustion
of internal combustion engines

Applicant:
Friedrich Boysen,
Stuttgart-Heumaden, Am Sonnenweg 29

Named as inventor:

Friedrich Boysen, Stuttgart-Heumaden

is gas is flowing through, this increases proportionally only low temperatures, which are well below the temperature of sliding points in known arrangements in which the sliding points are additionally exposed to heated exhaust gases through afterburning are.

Deformation of the sliding bearing elements due to overheating and the risk of jamming is avoided in contrast to the known types. As a result of the possibility of a Good sealing at the short bearing points can also result in the separation of cleaned after-burned Exhaust gases from uncleaned exhaust gases carried out properly and a very good efficiency of the Plant can be achieved.

Another advantage of the one-sided attachment of the vessel and the sliding storage of the same at the opposite end there is the possibility of simple expansion of the vessel out of the housing by attaching the vessel to a rear detachable end wall and can be brought in and out, for example, in the manner of a drawer. To connect the catalyst containing A vessel on the removable end wall of the muffler housing is preferably used Cross pin, which bearing eyes of the housing or at the same time a cup-like closing the housing Cover and bearing eyes of the removable end wall of the muffler housing interspersed. When removing the end wall, the vessel containing the catalyst can thereby by means of of the cross pin are pulled out of the housing, after removing the cross pin and After removing the lid, the inside of the vessel is easily accessible from the outside.

Further details of the invention can be found in the following description of exemplary embodiments refer to. Here shows

609 747/167

F i g. 1 shows the side view of a muffler with built-in catalyst carrier, partly in section according to line 1-1 of FIG. 2,

F i g. 2 is a plan view of the silencer in section along line 2-2 of FIG. 1,

F i g. 3 shows an enlarged illustration of the detail indicated by the frame 3 in FIG.

F i g. 4 shows an enlarged illustration of the detail denoted by the frame 4 in FIG. 2,

F i g. 5 shows a section along line 5-5 of FIG. 1 in enlarged scale.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 1 to 5 is the catalyst carrier in the muffler housing 10 11 freely floating by being on the one hand immovable in a manner to be described in more detail later with the 'die'Screws 12 on the muffler housing removably attached end wall 13 and on the other hand in an intermediate or partition wall

14 of the muffler housing is slidably mounted.

The catalyst carrier 11 consists essentially of a catalyst chamber filled with the catalyst parts. the. e.g. in three individual chambers

15 a, 15 & 15 c is divided, and from an antechamber 16, which receives the gases before entry into the catalyst chamber 15. The catalyst chamber 15 is formed here by the two lateral longitudinal walls 17a and 17 ti, the stiffened intermediate walls 18a and 18 &, which are provided with large openings, for example, as well as from the sieve surfaces 19 and 20, respectively. With them the antechamber 16 to the outside closing cover-like wall plate 21 is connected, namely z. B. in such a way that the sieve plates 19 are clamped at their .ein edges between the plates 17 α or Π ti and the plate 21. The metal sheets 17 α, 17 ti, 18 a, 18 ti, 19, 20 and 21 are also put together by end walls 22 and 23 to form a common catalyst carrier, in particular welded together, with the sheet metal walls 19 and 20 at their rear ends at 24 a and 24 & extended and are closed at the extensions by a cross-sectionally U-shaped, oblong in the transverse direction, pot-like cover 25.

A bent exhaust gas inlet pipe 26 is firmly inserted into the front end wall 22 of the catalyst carrier and fixed to the end wall 22 or the sieve plates 19 or other parts of the catalyst carrier 11 connected, in particular welded. The exhaust gas inlet pipe 26 opens with a laterally bent rear end 27 in the antechamber 16, while its front end 28 in a pipe socket 29 of the Partition 14 is mounted axially displaceable. To the front end of the connecting piece 29 (or, if applicable a protruding into the muffler inlet chamber 30 can also be attached to the exhaust gas inlet pipe 26) Extension tube 31 can be used.

The catalyst carrier designated as a whole by 11 is thus within the muffler housing 10 stored free-floating by being enclosed by a chamber 32 into which the exhaust gases after Passage through the catalyst chamber and from which it passes through a rear gas outlet pipe 33 escape into the open air or a rear silencer by means of a pipe extension can be forwarded.

Used to connect the catalyst support with the removable end wall 13 of the muffler housing 10 is a tubular pin 34, which, as Fig. 4 shows, the end walls 35a, 35 of the cup-like cover 25, to this welded bearing lugs 36 a, 36 ti and bearing eyes 37 a, 37 & of the catalyst carrier and also bearing eyes 38 a and 38 ti of the end wall 13 penetrated.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 5, the entire silencer or the largest is also Part of the same surrounded by a jacket 39, which the wall of the muffler housing 10 in Surrounding distance, the gap 40 between the housing 10 and the jacket 39 with Sound absorbing material, preferably rock wool, is filled. The wall of the muffler housing 10 can optionally consist of perforated sheet metal in the area of the casing.

The exhaust gases, coming from the engine, enter the muffler inlet chamber 30, where they. accumulate on the partition 14 and enter via the intermediate pipe 31 and the bent exhaust gas inlet pipe 26 into the pre-chamber 16 extending essentially over the entire length of the catalyst carrier next to the catalyst chamber. In this ver _r , the exhaust gases are divided relatively evenly over the entire length to pass into the catalyst chamber 15 or into its individual chambers 15a, 15 ti, 15 c, and after passing through the sieve plates 19 they come into close contact with the catalyst parts come in such a way that the still unburned particles of the exhaust gases are also brought to combustion. From the catalyst chamber 15 the exhaust gases flow via the sieve plates 20 into the outer chamber 32, which serves as the outlet space of the silencer, from where they are released through the outlet pipe 33 into the outside atmosphere ( possibly with the interposition of the rear silencer).

Even with very high temperature differences as a result of excessive heating of the catalyst support U this can expand freely within the silencer while compensating for the expansion differences, in that the exhaust gas inlet pipe 26 slides in the pipe socket 29 of the muffler. The all-round covering of the catalyst carrier from the exhaust gases located in the outer space 32 and complete separation its sheet metal walls from the wall of the muffler housing 10 on the one hand prevents rubbing or jamming of the catalyst carrier in the switch damper housing and results in an extraordinary effective insulation of the catalyst carrier against heat losses to the outside.

To remove or replace the catalyst particles filled into the catalyst chamber 15 the end wall 13 becomes after loosening the screws 12 together with the outlet pipe 33 withdrawn from the muffler housing, the end wall at the same time by means of the transverse pin 34 takes the entire catalyst carrier with it. After pulling out the cross pin 34, the catalyst carrier 11 are separated from the end wall 13 and immediately thereafter the pot-like Cover 25 can be removed. The interior of the catalyst chamber 15 is therefore freely accessible from the outside.

The bearing eyes 38 α, 38 ti are expediently shaped in such a way that they, if necessary with the interposition of inserts, in the pot-like cover

Angle 25 engage practically secured against rotation about the axis of the transverse pin, so that the insertion of the catalyst carrier and the introduction of the exhaust gas inlet pipe 26 into the pipe socket 29 of the muffler can be done without difficulty.

Claims (4)

Patent claims: 1. Device for the catalytic post-combustion of exhaust gases from internal combustion engines, consisting of a silencer-like housing in which a perforated, catalytic converter receiving vessel is mounted displaceably in the longitudinal direction, characterized in that that the vessel (11) is attached to the rear wall (13) of the housing (10), seen in the flow direction of the exhaust gases, and at its other end with its entry pipe (26, 28) for the exhaust gases in a wall (14) of the Housing (10) is mounted axially displaceable. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear wall (13) of the housing (10) is removable. 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the vessel (11) by means of a Cross pin (34) is attached to the rear wall (13) of the housing (10). 4. Apparatus according to claim 2 and 3, characterized in that the vessel (11) through a pot-like cover (25) is completed, which over bearing eyes with the transverse pin (34) is connected. Considered publications:
German Auslegeschrift No. 1645175;
U.S. Patent No. 2,216,763. 1 sheet of drawings 609 747/167 12.66 © Bundesdruckerei Berlin