DE1226988B - Process for the production of a flow system from a large number of parallel capillaries - Google Patents

Description

Method for producing a flow system from a multitude parallel capillaries The invention is concerned with the production of flow systems for two flowable substances, one of which is within a multitude of Capillaries is promoted, their inlet openings to a common storage space connected by means of sealing - for example embedding - in a dining room wall are. Such flow systems are already in various forms has been proposed for diffusion separation processes (e.g. separation of isotopes), for dialytic separators (e.g. artificial blood purification) etc.

A disadvantage of these designs was, among other things, a high loss of resistance for the flow process of the flow component conveyed in the capillaries in Area of the dining area wall penetrated by the capillaries.

Another disadvantage arose from the need to use it of relatively thick wall thicknesses for the capillaries, due to the requirement the cross-sectional shape of these capillaries when they are sealed into the dining room wall to get as much as possible.

According to the invention there is now a method of making a Proposed flow system from a plurality of parallel capillaries, the end are embedded in the end walls of a collecting room. According to the invention The flow system produced by the method has those inherent in the previously known systems Disadvantages do not arise. The method according to the invention is characterized in that that the ends of the individual capillaries with a localized support a material that is adhesive when softened, that bundles the capillaries, that Brings material to soften, united to form a continuous wall and solidified.

The softening can, for example, by the use of dissolving or Swelling agents, but also by heat. The conditions can for example be arranged on the capillaries, pearl-like substance accumulations, the Stringing together and combining such capillary supports form a collecting space wall with embedded capillary pieces results.

These pieces of capillary can be made from alcohol-insoluble polyamide The pads are made of alcohol-soluble polyamide. After being lined up, a union of the capillary pads achieved so that they by means of an alcohol-containing Solvent temporarily softened.

Cellulose or cellulose derivatives can also be used for the capillaries will.

Further details of the method according to the invention emerge from the drawings in which FIG. 1 to 5 cross and longitudinal sections of lined up Represent capillaries, -F i g. 6 shows a particular embodiment of an inner capillary wall shows and Fig.7 and 8 show specially designed flow systems that after the Methods according to the invention are made.

In Fig. 1, the pads on the capillaries 1 can be made of pearl-like Substance accumulations 2 exist, the juxtaposition and union of such Capillary supports within a level results in a dining room wall 3 with embedded Capillary pieces 1.

For example, the capillary pieces 1 consist of alcohol-insoluble Polyamide, the pads 2 made of alcohol-soluble polyamide, and after being lined up a union of the capillary pads is achieved in such a way that they are by means of an alcohol-containing Solvent temporarily softened.

In particular, however, one embeds on strips 4 (Fig. I g. 3 a) or wires 4 '(F i g. 3 b) transversely to their longitudinal expansions single or multi-layer capillary layers 5 into a coating substance 6. The coating substance can be an auxiliary substance added from the outside his or from the bands 4 or wires 4 'originate, which optionally can consist of two superimposed substances. In this case are to temporarily soften the tapes or wires with solvent and / or heat. - Several of these tapes or wires can now be connected: layers are strung together so that the corresponding ribbons or wires lie in one plane. Within this level, the same covering substance can then be used 6 or a second coating substance-7; which in turn, if necessary, from the ligaments 4 or 4 'wires can be supplied to make the union to the dining room wall (Fig. 4).

You can now after the configurations and manufacturing methods described above not only in the area of the inlet openings of the capillaries a sealing of the capillaries, Create a common dining room wall. It is also possible to add the other side of the capillaries, namely those of their exit openings, through those described above Methods to form another, common partition, which is the end wall a collecting space downstream of the flow system for the flow through the capillaries can form fluid transported therethrough.

The dividing walls are preferably produced according to the above Methods in the area of the inlet and outlet openings of the capillaries below spiral arrangement of tapes or wires with layers of capillates.

Fig. 5 shows such a spiral winding with two embedding areas 8 and 8 'at the two ends of the capillary pieces 5. The winding is therefore set Capillary bundles with two end walls through which the open capillaries bump. For example, a capillary substance sintered at a high temperature is used as a capillary substance Polytetrafluoroethylene particles (their porous structure especially for diffusion separation processes is advantageous) and as tape 4 polytetrafluoroethylene films. As an embedding agent 6 Lower temperature sintered polytrifluoroethylene particles can be used which can be applied, for example, in the form of a dispersion.

In the processes of embedding the capillaries, the stringing together and union of the capillary thickenings, it is more extreme as a result of the requirement Capillary thinness is often necessary for these processes with filled capillaries carried out and their filling is subsequently removed.

In the above example, the capillary filling can be made of a metal, For example, aluminum or zinc exist, which wall after formation of the separating and optionally opening the capillary end faces removed from the capillaries is, for example, by means of acid triggering.

The production of the ~ capillaries provided with filling substance can either done by spinning by removing their filler substance and the capillary wall for example spun simultaneously with complex spinnerets. But it is also possible on one Wire or thread with a precision nozzle the capillary wall - if necessary in several successive layers - by means of a solution or a dispersion to be applied and then precipitated, dried and / or burned in.

It should also be mentioned that before the formation of the spiral wrap or in general in the stringing together of those provided with thickenings Capillary layers temporarily softened adhesive strips or tapes in addition can be attached which the union of the capillary views according to their Facilitate stringing together by temporarily softening them create a tight connection between the parts to be united.

Membrane-like capillary flow bodies can now also with large Advantage, for example, can be used for dialytic blood purification processes.

The capillary substance must then be dialyzable.

It consists, for example, of precipitated cellulose or cellulose derivatives. The material of the bands 4 consists, for example, of polyolefins or fluorinated ones Polyolefins or also from cellulose derivatives, the embedding agent 6 from the same Substances that are optionally applied in solution in the area of the belts 4 can. The cellulose-containing capillaries 5 are advantageously also provided with a solid filling substance embedded and strung together and subsequently from this Substance released.

Examples of such fillers are gelatin or polyolefins called. The polyolefins are preferably melted out and then completely removed by means of an organic solvent. The generation of solid matter filled cellulose-containing capillaries is carried out analogously to the above Application of a cellulose derivative solution to solid threads of this type by means of solid matter a precision nozzle and subsequent drying, if necessary after previous Precipitation, such as when using cellulose xanthate solutions is necessary as an order substance.

The above-mentioned manufacture of capillary flow bodies with the aid of temporarily filled capillaries allows the attachment of guide vane-like, in particular sharp-edged flow disturbances within a capillary. Such Under certain circumstances, imperfections are of great importance for the mixing of the fluid flowing through the capillary inside the capillary, that is to say during of the Durchströmvorgan sat through this capillary. F i g. 6 a shows as an example: barb-like, annular surface elevations of the inner capillary wall 47, on which dac Fluid flowing in the direction of the arrow indicated Flow disturbances with the Effect a] good mixing experience. Making such surveys the inner capillary wall are achieved there by that you have their negative profile on a Wire 48, for example a metal wire, impresses without cutting or cutting. By coating a core wire prepared in this way (see FIG. 6b) means: one Capillary jacket 49 (see Fig. 6c) according to one of the methods described above The inner capillary wall then emerges in the desired shape inner core 48 after a: the above methods arises then the desired capillary body. Of course, the removal of the Core 48, as described above, after the generation of the entire flow body with its partitions.

Finally, it should be noted that in a capillary flow system with two partitions, in one of which the capillary beginnings and in the other the capillary ends are embedded, as shown, for example, in FIG. 5 shown are one of the two partitions, especially the one on the side the outlet opening of the capillaries, gas or fluid permeable, so for example can be made porous. This can be achieved, for example, by the The strips 4 and / or the embedding means 6 (see FIG. 5) are permeable in this Partition wall designed porous or with later leachable bodies such as salt crystals offset. The fluid that is between the two partition walls 8 and 8 '(Fig. 5) is initiated and the outer walls of the capillaries 5 washed around, can then from the exit a fluid-permeable partition. One forms the flow resistance large enough through this partition so that a uniform flow occurs during the flow process distributed equilibrium pressure within the space of the two partition walls 8 and 8 ', a uniformly distributed fluid outlet is achieved in proportion to the exit of the component conveyed through the embedded capillaries. Of course, FIG. 5 shows a radial continuation of the two partition walls for smaller and larger radii without capillary embedding and sealing to make these continuations in a housing so that a corresponding feed of the two components flowing through and outside the capillaries will. F i g. 7 shows this continuation and embedding of the partition walls again, below Use of the in F i g. 5 used numbering. The capillary flow body is inserted into a simple housing 50 by means of sealing compound.

The core 51 provides a sealed inner filling of the spiral winding - F i g. 8 shows the same principle with the difference that the fluid-permeable Partition 8 has been omitted and by pearl-like thickenings 52 on the capillaries was replaced. This resistance-increasing, pearl-like thickening occurs in cooperation with the appropriately designed housing 50 'and the core 51' also a pressure build-up in the space between the capillaries for those in them Space-funded fluid component and thus an even distribution of this Component around the other component conveyed through the capillaries.

Of course, the one shown in FIGS. 5, 7 and 8 structure shown of a spiral winding can be replaced by a somehow different arrangement of capillary layers provided with bands or even just of thickened areas provided capillaries.

The flow bodies described above have extraordinary Significance for the even mixing of two flowable components, especially those that carry out chemical reactions with one another. For example A fuel, such as gasoline, can pass through the capillaries and into the space between the Capillaries oxygen-containing liquids fluid or gases, such as air, promoted will. This achieves a surface fine distribution of the combustion process, as it is for piston engines with the highest stroke frequency and the shortest oscillation amplitudes is needed. For such distribution systems, the capillaries can be interconnected by two reacting flowable components made of metal. Your thickenings 52 can, for example, before embedding the capillaries or afterwards electrolytic elevator can be generated.

Claims (9)

Claims: 1. A method for producing a flow system from a plurality of parallel capillaries, which end in the end walls of a Collection space are embedded, characterized in that the ends of each Capillaries with a localized support of a sticky when softened Material provides, bundles the capillaries, softens the material, too united and solidified in a continuous wall. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that one capillaries made of alcohol-insoluble polyamide with covers made of alcohol-soluble polyamide and the pads are temporarily softened with the help of an alcohol-containing solvent. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that one capillaries made from cellulose or cellulose derivatives. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that one capillaries made of polytetraethylene particles sintered at high temperature with layers of polytrifluoroethylene particles provides and the latter sintered at low temperature for the purpose of wall formation. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that that one or more layers of the capillaries (5) in the area of their supports with a band or layer-shaped carrier (4) combined, with the help of which spirally bundles and finally in the support and thickening area to form the closed end wall connects. 6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in, that one uses thin-walled capillaries that have a filling made of a material, for example acid-soluble metal, which after formation of the closed end wall is removed again. 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that for the purpose Production of guide vane-like, in particular sharp-edged flow disturbances Capillaries are used as components inside the capillaries, which pass through Cladding a correspondingly profiled metal core were generated. 8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in, that the union of the thickenings in the area of an end wall is carried out in this way is that this wall remains permeable to fluid. 9. Modification of the method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized, that in order to create a flow system, whose capillaries are anchored in an end wall only at one end and at the other End are free, either an end wall only in one end of the capillaries or in the case of an initially bilateral curtain wall system the one end wall was subsequently removed. Publications considered: Swiss patent specification No. 326,944; French patent specification No. 1 139715.