DE1222462B - Removal of formaldehyde odor from textiles - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY GERMAN 4057W ^ PATENT OFFICE Int. CL:

D061

EDITORIAL

Number:
File number:
Registration date:
Display day:

German class: 8i-5

1222462
C23411IVc / 8i
February 15, 1961
August 11, 1966

It has been proposed several times, for example by M. M. R i c h t e r, W. R i m ρ a u, R. V i e rt h a 1 e r, E. F i η c h u. a., in the dry cleaning of textiles for the purpose of simultaneous disinfection with formaldehyde to add. Furthermore, blankets, clothes, mattresses and the like were made with formaldehyde and treated water vapor at a higher temperature in closed chambers in order to dehydrate them or to disinfect. In various finishing processes, fibers or textiles are mixed with water Formaldehyde treated. Among other things, this changes the dyeing properties of wool and the alkali sensitivity is reduced. In the case of cellulose fibers, among other things, the water absorption and swellability and thus the wrinkling when wet.

In the above and other processes, the formaldehyde partially combines with the fibers Formation of new, odorless compounds. In some cases, however, it is merely adsorbed. The adsorbed Formaldehyde is slowly released again, especially in a humid atmosphere and / or when heated. Because the formaldehyde smell is unpleasant and many people are allergic to formaldehyde react, the adsorbed formaldehyde must be removed from the textiles.

Where wet processes are possible, for example with the last-mentioned finishing processes, one can Rinse with water or aqueous solutions of known formaldehyde binders, e.g. B. with ammonia, Alkali bisulfite and the like. Schopner suggested using formaldehyde ventilate fumigated textiles for 2 hours at 67 to 68 ° C. It has also been suggested to the Formaldehyde treatment is followed by fumigation with ammonia, with the formaldehyde in hexamethylenetetramine is transferred, which remains in the fiber instead of formaldehyde. The mentioned Deodorization processes have certain disadvantages that they cannot be generally used. For sensitive textiles, e.g. B. woolen blankets, sweaters, etc., wet treatments are out of the question, especially not after dry cleaning. Treating with hot air for 2 hours is too expensive. The gassing with ammonia leaves the hexamethylenetetramine formed in the textiles back, which is also objected to, since it turns back into formaldehyde and under certain circumstances Ammonia is split. In addition, treatment with gaseous ammonia is unpleasant and to be carried out only in special equipment. These reasons have some in themselves Removal of formaldehyde odor from textiles

Applicant:

Chemical factory Stockhausen & Cie.,

Krefeld, Bäkerpfad 25

Named as inventor:

Dr. Richard Hess, Kapellen (Moers);

Günter Wirtz, Krefeld Garden City

Usable formaldehyde treatments not introduced.
It has been found that all kinds of textiles

so the adsorbed formaldehyde can be removed by treating it with one of the volatile formaldehyde equivalent or an excess amount of carboxylic acid ammonium salts in organic solvents, optionally treated in the presence of small amounts of water. The carbonic acid ammonium salts react with the formaldehyde very quickly to form hexamethylenetetramine and more freely Carboxylic acid. With the right choice of carboxylic acid and solvent, these two reaction products will become detached from this and removed from the textiles. In principle, all carboxylic acids are for the process suitable, for example, the fatty acids of naturally occurring oils, fats, waxes and Resins and their finishing products, e.g. B. lauric, palmitic, stearic, ricinoleic, oleic, abietic acid and the like. You can also use synthetically prepared aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acids as well Use substitution products of various types of the carboxylic acids mentioned, for example Benzoic acid, phthalic acid, adipic acid half-esters, polystyromalic acid, Chlorostearic acid and the like. The choice of carboxylic acids depends primarily on their odor and sufficient solubility of the ammonium salts in the solvents concerned. Since low Residues of the chemicals used can remain in the textiles, coming off unpleasant smelling carboxylic acids usually out of the question. When it comes to choosing a solvent, one is only concerned with that known rules, which are given by the price and the possibility of influencing textile dyeings are. There are therefore primarily those solvents in question, which are inexpensive and which

609 609/363

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Do not bleed the dyes of the textiles. you can make a washing-up liquid by simply mixing

In the first place it concerns the "solvent, for Perchloräthylen her.

used in dry cleaning. You clean in a closed cabinet machine

. -I ₁ hospital wool blankets that can be cleaned to a limited extent

Example! _5in , perchiorethylene / dem 10 g of a good per liter

From "Cleaning Booster amC. Ss $ g." Formaldehyde in

40 kg of ricinoleic acid, ·., ---., - · .. in the form of a 29% solution in propanol were added

20 kg isopropanol,. at 70% relative humidity of the solvent. To

9 kg ammonia (25%) and 15 minutes. Cleaning time is spun and

31 kg heavy gasoline ",., ■ / io rinsed with perchlorethylene for 10 minutes, the 8 g des

detergent described are added. To

if you simply mix a detergent, spin it again, it is dried, as usual, for heavy fuel. The blankets are free of formaldehyde odor, even in a dry cleaning system for heavy fuel in moist warm air, and do not contain any living cotton coats at 85% relative solubility.
cleaned with a solvent dampening. The heavy gasoline will be. ^: . ■ ₁
den per liter; 20g of a good cleaning booster .. Examples
and 1 g of formaldehyde in the form of a 40% aqueous hospital blanket from an epidemic ward who solution was added. After 30 minutes of cleaning is, the spun in a hot-air through 2stündiges and 10 minutes Schwerbehzin overall relaspült 20 gassing with formaldehyde at 7O ⁰ C and 80%, which 10 g per liter of the described detergent tive humidity sterilized. After that, they are after contains. After repeated spinning, as is the case with brief ventilation of the device, it is removed and dried in the tumble dryer. In a test made separately in perchlorethylene, which was made up of 10 g of detergent per liter, a tree was held and rinsed for 10 minutes before rinsing. Now the wool strips, the disinfecting blankets with the coats, are thrown and dried with hot air. The cleaned, removed from the drum and blankets are then free of formaldehyde odor,
examined. It contained 0.4% adsorbed form- The detergent is made as follows, “aldehyde. 13 kg of distilled and with fuller's earth treated post-cultures of the test germs, which were added during the core fatty acid and 27 kg of ricinoleic acid and 30 kg of per-cleaning when practicing this example 30 chlorethylene were added to a clear solution, showed that all germs were killed. The works and with 30 kg of an 8.5% solution of cleaned textiles had no formaldehyde ammonia partially saponified in propanol,
^ smell, not even in moist warm air.

Example2

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Claims (1)

Claim: Removal of formaldehyde odor from textiles 13 kg of distilled and treated with fuller's earth, characterized in that Palm kernel fatty acid, this with a volatile formaldehyde 27 kg of ricinoleic acid, equivalent or an excess amount • 10 kg of ammonia (25%)> 40 of carboxylic acid ammonium salts in organic 20 kg of propanol and solvents, if necessary in the presence of 30 kg perchlorethylene with small amounts of water.