DE1218514B - Arrangement for pulse frequency division with magnetic switching elements with a square-shaped hysteresis loop - Google Patents

Description

Arrangement for pulse frequency division with magnetic switching elements with rectangular hysteresis loop The invention relates to arrangements for pulse frequency division or reduction and shift and relates in particular an electronic pulse divider with switching elements made of one material with Rectangular hysteresis loop (ferrites) in the form of perforated cores, discs or plates, their magnetic fluxes or active switching elements containing coupling paths are linked with each other, while one by all magnetic switching elements drawn loop forms the entrance.

The previously known electronic pulse scaler as binary scaler are briefly mentioned again in summary.

The flip-flop circuit with tubes or transistors is known. The switching takes place via input pulses that are sent to the binary scaler on a single line are fed and the grid or. Base potential of tube resp. Affect transistor.

The count is determined by the live or dead The condition of the tube or transistor is indicated.

The disadvantage is that if the supply voltage fails, the previously stored Information is lost and that information storage is not without performance he follows.

Another pulse scaler is known as a counting transfluxor, the from a ferrite plate made of a material and provided with corresponding recesses with a rectangular hysteresis loop. In the recesses are suitable Way windings are housed, through which individual magnetic ones when current flows through Areas of the ferrite plate are affected. The input pulses must, however are fed to the counting transfluxor on three separate lines. This is through Use of a three-phase pulse generator, e.g. B. a thermal pulse reducer, possible. Counting transfluxor and ternary pulse scaler can then be used as one scaler unit to be viewed as.

The count is thereby characterized in Zähltransfluxor by the Richtung'der magnetic fluxes, therefore, the information storage takes place without power, and that the count remains at failure of the supply voltage condition, but can not be retrieved without destruction.

In the upstream ternary pulse scaler, however, there are the same ones Conditions as in the case of a flip-flop circuit, so that for the reduction unit ternary pulse scaler and counting transfluxor the same disadvantages apply as for a flip-flop stage.

Furthermore, an arrangement for pulse scaling is known, which is built up with toroidal cores, the flows of which are linked to one another via a coupling path containing an active switching element Stored without power, but can also not be queried without destruction (German Auslegeschrift 1025 010).

The object of the invention is to create an arrangement of this type which stores without power and can be queried without being destroyed. This can be achieved by using double-perforated cores known per se (transfluxors) and a network that controls the magnetic flux (0 "with n = 1, 2, 3 ...) through the web of the greatest width of a core via active switching elements such as electron tubes or transistors containing coupling paths with a partial magnetic flux (0 " , or 0112 with n = 1, 2, 3...) of the next core in cyclic sequence. The pulse width of the coupling pulse should be greater than that of the input pulse to ensure that the magnetic circuit, which is influenced by the coupling and input pulse, ultimately adopts the direction of magnetic flow that is only determined by the pulse current through the coupling winding.

The arrangement according to the invention has the advantage over the pulse scalers described that the stored information is also stored in the idle state, i.e. H. if there are no input pulses or if there is a failure. the supply voltage, can be queried non-destructively. Since the count is represented by the direction of the magnetic fluxes, information can be stored without power, so the information is retained even if the supply voltage fails.

This is ensured by arranging the coupling winding accordingly is that only part of the total flux is magnetized, it is possible that to query information stored in the coaster without the information content to destroy.

Since the active switching elements in the coupling path are only induced by the Output pulse during the changeover of the magnetic flux in a none live will only find a power conversion during the duration of the input impulse instead of.

There are only a few components to build such a reduction stage are necessary, another advantage is the space-saving overall structure.

In addition, it is possible to produce any number of reduction ratios 1: mn with m = 2, 3, 4, 5 ... and n = 1, 2, 3, 4 ... , i.e. not just binary, ternary or decadic reduction ratios such as 1 : 2n, 1: 3n or 1: 1011 with n = 1, 2, 3, 4 ...

Details about the winding arrangement and non-shape can be found in the description of an exemplary embodiment. In the drawings, F i g. 1 shows the circuit arrangement of a binary scaler; F i g. 2 and 3 show the diagrams of the magnetic states after the individual counting steps; F i g. 4 shows the circuit arrangement as it is to be carried out for any reduction ratio; F i g. 5 and 6 show the diagrams of the magnetic states after one and two input pulses.

In Fig. 1 , the circuit of a pulse scaler, which works as a binary scaler, is shown. Two disk-shaped rectangular ferrites 11 and 12 with holes 14, 17 and 15, 18 as active switching elements in the feedback paths of transistors 7 and 8 have been selected as reduction elements. - UB denotes the supply voltage. The magnetic fluxes are shown as arrows and labeled 01, (P.ip 0123 (»23 0,1 and 022.

Three windings are passed through each of the holes 14 and 15 , one winding each through holes 14 and 17 and 15 and 18 , and two windings are passed through each of the holes 17 and 18, and. through hole 14 the windings Wl., W, 1 and Wl., through hole 15 the windings W .., W2, and W221 through holes 14 and 17 the winding Wl., through holes 15 and 18 the winding W2., through Hole 17 the windings W14 and Wl. and through hole 18 the windings W24 and W2 ..

The windings Wl. and W2., also the windings Wil and W21 as well as the windings W14 and W24 are each connected in series.

The windings W12 and W2 are connected to ground on the one hand and to the base of the transistors 7 and 8 on the other hand, and the windings W15 and W are also connected to ground on the one hand and to terminals 4 and 5 on the other. The collectors of the transistors 7 and 8 are connected via feedback windings W2 and Wl, respectively. and the limiting resistors Ri and R, respectively, to the supply voltage - UB. The series connection of the windings W., and W20 forms the input of the reducer, terminal 1 is the input terminal.

To terminal 2 of the Xullstellimpuls is placed on terminal 10, the Spanrung - UB, the collector of transistor 8, the output pulses can be removed to terminal 3 is the scanning voltage, eg. B. a sinusoidal voltage, placed, and a voltage can be äbgenornmen at terminals 4 and 5 , which is characteristic of the count of the reducer.

The mode of operation of the circuit is as follows: For the initial state it is assumed that the magnetic flux 01 in no 11 is directed clockwise around hole 14, the magnetic flux 02 in core 12 is directed counter -clockwise around hole 15 (see FIG. 1).

A positive input pulse at terminal 1 causes the flux 01 to reverse through hole 14 via winding Wlo in No 11. This flux reversal induces a negative voltage in winding W, 2, so that transistor 7 becomes conductive. The positive output pulse from transistor 7 causes, via winding W2., That the flux 021 is reversed into no 12 around hole 15.

With this flux reversal, a positive voltage pulse is induced in winding W., transistor 8 therefore remains de-energized.

F i g. 2 shows the flux distribution in core 11 and 12 as it occurs after this first input pulse.

With a second input pulse, the flux 0.1 is reversed again into No 1 '2 via winding W, (). The case 'nduzierte in W'CklUng W22 negative voltage pulse opens transistor 8 whose positive he output pulse over Widklung W, 3 the flow 011 in No 11 umkehrL The induced by this Umklappvorgang in winding W12 positive voltage pulse leaves transistor 7 in the currentless state.

The flux distribution after this second input pulse is shown in FIG . 3 shown.

Should the zero or starting position after a finished counting process are restored, it is via the series connection of the windings Wl, and W2 to give a positive pulse which is carried to terminal 2.

The interrogation of the count as to whether the reduction stage is in the initial position or whether No 11 or No 12 is set is done by supplying the series connection of windings W, 4 and W24 from terminal 3 with an alternating voltage, the amplitude of which is so dimensioned that the coercive field strength of no 11 and core 12 is exceeded only in a ring area around the bores 17 and 18, but not around the bores 14 and 15. This ensures that the flux distribution in the remaining part of the two cores is retained after the count has been interrogated.

When the count is queried, the flows 01, and 012 or 021 and d »22 will only be reversed if the flows 011 and 012 or 02 and (» 22 are directed in the opposite direction. This is the case with the flow distribution according to F i g. 2 only with core 12 and the rivers g in the flux distribution to F i 021 and 022nd 3 rivers 0 "and 012 only possible when the core 11 and.

With the flow distribution according to FIG . 2, a voltage is then induced in winding W2 when interrogated as a result of the alternating flux reversal of 021 and 022, which can be measured at terminal 5.

The information is therefore contained in core 12 in this case. With a flow distribution according to FIG . 3 is induced in the query in winding W., A voltage due to the flow reversal of 0 "and 0.2, which may have been taken at terminal 4. The information is stored in this case in core 11.

With a flow distribution according to FIG . 1 , when interrogated, neither 011 and 0.2 nor 02 and 02 can be reversed. In winding Wl. and W2, no voltage is induced. In this case, if no voltage is measured at terminals 4 and 5 , the coaster is in the starting position.

For any reduction ratio, a switching arrangement of the reduction stage according to FIG. 4.

The winding arrangements of core 13 are to be made as for No 12. The input pulses are given via the series connection of the windings Wioj W20 and W30, the zero position takes place via the series connection of the windings W1,1 W21 and W.1, the query via the Series connection of the windings W.4, W #, 4 and W.4. The collector of transistor 8 is connected to the supply voltage - UB via the feedback winding W 33 and the resistor R2. The collector of transistor 9 can be connected to the feedback winding of a further core or, if a reduction ratio of 1: 3 is to be achieved, it can be connected to the feedback winding W ″ of core 11 and fed through the resistor R ″ to - UB .

For a switching arrangement according to FIG. 4, FIG. 5 shows the flux distributions in core 11, 12 and 13 after the first, in FIG. 6 shown after the second input pulse.

For a reduction ratio of z. B. 1 : 5 five none are to be used, and the collector of the transistor, whose base is controlled via the winding corresponding to windings w122 W, 2 and W, 2, to be connected to winding WU of none 11 .

Furthermore, when using three or more cores, the cores 2 n + 1 with n = 5, 6, 7, 8 ... as so-called main memory, the cores 2n with n = 6,7,8 ... as so-called intermediate storage of a shift register to use. In this case, however, it is necessary that all main memories are provided with input windings, as was done in the case of Kein 13 through winding W.6, which is connected to terminal 26 on the one hand and to ground on the other hand, and in the case of winding W10 of core 11 the Winding direction can be reversed.

The binary information "1" could then be fed to the respective main memories via these input windings , in FIG. 4 if no 13 by a positive pulse at terminal 26.

Claims (2)

Claims: 1. Arrangement for pulse frequency division or reduction and shifting with switching elements made of a material with a rectangular hysteresis loop in the form of perforated cores, disks or plates, the magnetic fluxes of which are linked via coupling paths containing active switching elements, while one is drawn through all magnetic switching elements loop forms the input, g e k hen -zeichnet d urch the use of known per se double punched cores (transfluxors) and a network that the magnetic flux (0 "with n = 1, 2, 3 ...) by the web largest width of a core (11, 12 ...) via active switching elements such as electron tubes or transistors (7, 8, 9 ...) containing coupling paths (W 12- 7- W23 as well as W.,., - 8-W13 or W12 -7-W., Or W, 2-8-W 33 or W.2-9-W "or etc.) with a partial magnetic flux (0.1 or 0", with n = 1, 2, 3 ...) of the next core (12, 13 ...) in a cyclical sequence. 2. Coaster according to claim 1, characterized in that around one of the narrow webs of all cores (11, 12, 13 ...) a common line loop (3) is guided, via which an alternating voltage or bipolar pulses are given which are used for interrogation of the count, without destroying it, only the set partial fluxes (-D " , with n = 1, 2, 3 ...) are remagnetized, and that an output winding (W, 1 5 with n = 1, 2, 3 ...) 3. Coaster according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that a further common line loop (W " , with n = 1, 2, 3. ..) is performed, via which a zeroing pulse can be given. 4. Coaster according to claim 1 to 3 for use as a shift register, characterized in that the cores of odd counting (2-n + 1 with n = O, 1, 2, 3 ....) Each with a winding (W ",) provided via which an impulse can be given to adjust the flow. Considered publications: German Auslegeschrift No. 1 025 010.