DE1205141B - Multivibrator with two complementary transistors - Google Patents

Multivibrator with two complementary transistors

Info

Publication number
DE1205141B
DE1205141B DESCH35527A DESC035527A DE1205141B DE 1205141 B DE1205141 B DE 1205141B DE SCH35527 A DESCH35527 A DE SCH35527A DE SC035527 A DESC035527 A DE SC035527A DE 1205141 B DE1205141 B DE 1205141B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
multivibrator
capacitor
pulse
time
complementary transistors
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DESCH35527A
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE1972761U (en
Inventor
Karl Wilhelm Schmidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gebrueder Schmidt Metallwarenfabrik
Original Assignee
Gebrueder Schmidt Metallwarenfabrik
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gebrueder Schmidt Metallwarenfabrik filed Critical Gebrueder Schmidt Metallwarenfabrik
Priority to DESCH35527A priority Critical patent/DE1205141B/en
Priority to NL6507732A priority patent/NL6507732A/xx
Priority to FR21712A priority patent/FR1438751A/en
Priority to CH936965A priority patent/CH522911A/en
Priority to US473799A priority patent/US3378693A/en
Priority to GB31045/65A priority patent/GB1114745A/en
Publication of DE1205141B publication Critical patent/DE1205141B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04F—TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
    • G04F5/00—Apparatus for producing preselected time intervals for use as timing standards
    • G04F5/10—Apparatus for producing preselected time intervals for use as timing standards using electric or electronic resonators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C17/00—Indicating the time optically by electric means
    • G04C17/005—Indicating the time optically by electric means by discs
    • G04C17/0058—Indicating the time optically by electric means by discs with date indication
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C3/00—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means
    • G04C3/04—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance
    • G04C3/06—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance using electromagnetic coupling between electric power source and balance
    • G04C3/065—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance using electromagnetic coupling between electric power source and balance the balance controlling gear-train by means of static switches, e.g. transistor circuits
    • G04C3/067—Driving circuits with distinct detecting and driving coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/28—Modifications for introducing a time delay before switching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
    • H03K3/02—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
    • H03K3/26—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of bipolar transistors with internal or external positive feedback
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
    • H03K3/02—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
    • H03K3/26—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of bipolar transistors with internal or external positive feedback
    • H03K3/28—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of bipolar transistors with internal or external positive feedback using means other than a transformer for feedback
    • H03K3/281—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of bipolar transistors with internal or external positive feedback using means other than a transformer for feedback using at least two transistors so coupled that the input of one is derived from the output of another, e.g. multivibrator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
    • H03K3/02—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
    • H03K3/26—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of bipolar transistors with internal or external positive feedback
    • H03K3/28—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of bipolar transistors with internal or external positive feedback using means other than a transformer for feedback
    • H03K3/281—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of bipolar transistors with internal or external positive feedback using means other than a transformer for feedback using at least two transistors so coupled that the input of one is derived from the output of another, e.g. multivibrator
    • H03K3/282—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of bipolar transistors with internal or external positive feedback using means other than a transformer for feedback using at least two transistors so coupled that the input of one is derived from the output of another, e.g. multivibrator astable
    • H03K3/2826—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of bipolar transistors with internal or external positive feedback using means other than a transformer for feedback using at least two transistors so coupled that the input of one is derived from the output of another, e.g. multivibrator astable using two active transistors of the complementary type
    • H03K3/2828—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of bipolar transistors with internal or external positive feedback using means other than a transformer for feedback using at least two transistors so coupled that the input of one is derived from the output of another, e.g. multivibrator astable using two active transistors of the complementary type in an asymmetrical circuit configuration

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Predetermined Time Intervals (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
  • Tests Of Electric Status Of Batteries (AREA)
  • Hybrid Cells (AREA)

Description

BUNDESREPUBLIK DEUTSCHLANDFEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

DEUTSCHESGERMAN

PATENTAMTPATENT OFFICE

AUSLEGESCHRIFTEDITORIAL

Int. α.:Int. α .:

HO3kHO3k

Deutsche Kl.: 21 al-36/02German class: 21 al-36/02

Nummer: 1 205 141Number: 1 205 141

Aktenzeichen: Sch 35527 VIII a/21 al File number: Sch 35527 VIII a / 21 al

Anmeldetag: 25. Juli 1964 Filing date: July 25, 1964

Auslegetag: 18. November 1965Opening day: November 18, 1965

Die Erfindung betrifft die Verbesserung der bekannten Multivibratorschaltung mit Komplementärtransistoren. The invention relates to the improvement of the known multivibrator circuit with complementary transistors.

Es ist bekannt, daß man mit solchen Schaltungen große Tastverhältnisse z. B. 1:10 000 erreichen kann. Es ist auch bekannt, daß Impulszeit und Impulspause verhältnismäßig wenig von der Speisespannung abhängen. Für nichtstabilisierte, batteriebetriebene Zeitgeber sind die bekannten Schaltungen trotzdem kaum zu verwenden. Beim Absinken der Batteriespannung wird die Impulspause kürzer und somit die Zeitgabe ungenau.It is known that large duty cycles z. B. 1: 10,000. It is also known that the pulse time and pulse pause depend relatively little on the supply voltage. The known circuits are nevertheless hardly suitable for non-stabilized, battery-operated timers to use. When the battery voltage drops, the pulse pause becomes shorter and thus the timing inaccurate.

Dieser Effekt wird durch das Ansteigen des Innenwiderstandes einer alternden Batterie verursacht. A b b. 1 zeigt eine solche Anordnung.This effect is caused by the increase in the internal resistance of an aging battery. A b b. 1 shows such an arrangement.

Während der Impulszeit lädt die Batterie über die Emitter-Kollektor-Strecke des Transistors T 2, den Widerstand R und die Basis-Emitter-Strecke des Transistors Tl den Kondensator C auf. Durch Vergrößerung von R wird die Einschaltzeit länger, die Pausenzeit aber ungleich viel kürzer. Bei alternder Batterie addiert sich der steigende Innenwiderstand während der Impulsdauer zu dem Widerstand R. Dadurch wird die Taktfrequenz höher.During the pulse time, the battery charges the capacitor C via the emitter-collector path of the transistor T 2, the resistor R and the base-emitter path of the transistor Tl. By increasing R , the switch-on time becomes longer, but the pause time is much shorter. As the battery ages, the increasing internal resistance adds to the resistance R during the pulse duration. This increases the clock frequency.

Eine Stabilisierung der Stromquelle durch beispielsweise eine Zenerdiode verbietet sich durch den dauernden Stromverbrauch einer solchen Anordnung.A stabilization of the current source by means of a Zener diode, for example, is not possible with the continuous power consumption of such an arrangement.

Es wird deshalb vorgeschlagen, während der Impulsdauer die Batterie mit ihrem variablen Innenwiderstand vom Zeitglied abzutrennen, und dieses aus einem während der Impulspause aufgeladenen Kondensator zu betreiben. Dadurch ist der Zeitgeber unabhängig vom Innenwiderstand der Batterie. A b b. 2 zeigt beispielsweise eine solche Schaltung.It is therefore suggested during the pulse duration to disconnect the battery with its variable internal resistance from the timer, and this to operate from a capacitor charged during the pulse pause. This is the timer regardless of the internal resistance of the battery. A b b. 2 shows such a circuit, for example.

Während der Impulspause wird der Kondensator C 2 über den Außenwiderstand Ra und die Diode D aufgeladen. Kippt nun der Multivibrator um, schaltet der Transistor Ί2 durch. An Ra liegt die Betriebsspannung. Der Kollektor von Γ 2 ist positiv geworden. Dadurch schaltet die Diode D den Kondensator von der Batteriespannung ab. Die Aufladung von Cl erfolgt über die Emitter-Kollektor-Strecke von Γ2 und die WiderständeATC, Al, R2 einerseits und über die Basis-Emitter-Strecke von Tl aus Kondensator C 2 andererseits.During the pulse pause, the capacitor C 2 is charged via the external resistance Ra and the diode D. If the multivibrator now tips over, transistor Ί2 switches through. The operating voltage is applied to Ra. The collector of Γ 2 has become positive. As a result, the diode D switches the capacitor off from the battery voltage. Cl is charged via the emitter-collector path of Γ2 and the resistors ATC, Al, R2 on the one hand and via the base-emitter path of Tl from capacitor C 2 on the other.

Die Batterie betreibt nun lediglich den Außenwiderstand Ra, während das für die Frequenz ver-Multivibrator mit zwei komplementären
TransistorenThe battery now only operates the external resistance Ra, while that for the frequency ver-multivibrator with two complementary ones
Transistors

Anmelder:Applicant:

Gebrüder Schmidt, Metallwarenfabrik,Schmidt brothers, metal goods factory,

Idar-Oberstein 1, Austr. 21-23Idar-Oberstein 1, Austr. 21-23

Als Erfinder benannt:Named as inventor:

Karl Wilhelm Schmidt, Idar-ObersteinKarl Wilhelm Schmidt, Idar-Oberstein

antwortliche Glied Rl, NTC, R2, Cl, R3 und R4 aus dem Kondensator C 2 gespeist wird.Responsible member Rl, NTC, R2, Cl, R3 and R 4 is fed from the capacitor C 2.

Eine solche Anordnung, beispielsweise mit einer Taktfrequenz von 1 Impuls pro Minute als Uhr betrieben, ergibt eine Abweichung von weniger als Minute pro Tag. Zur Verbilligung der Anordnung kann die Diode D durch ein Relaiskontakt am Außenwiderstand Ra oder durch einen hochohmigen Ladewiderstand ersetzt werden, der so dimensioniert ist, daß die Entladung des Speisekondensators C 2 durch diesen Widerstand während der Impulsdauer klein ist gegenüber der Umladung des Speisekondensators C 2 auf den Zeitkondensator C1.Such an arrangement, for example operated as a clock with a clock frequency of 1 pulse per minute, results in a deviation of less than one minute per day. To make the arrangement cheaper, the diode D can be replaced by a relay contact on the external resistor Ra or by a high-resistance charging resistor which is dimensioned so that the discharge of the feed capacitor C 2 through this resistor during the pulse duration is small compared to the charge reversal of the feed capacitor C 2 to the time capacitor C1.

Claims (4)

Patentansprüche:Patent claims: 1. Multivibrator mit zwei komplementären Transistoren, gekennzeichnet durch einen während der Impulspause aufgeladenen Kondensator (C 2), der während der Impulszeit durch einen im Arbeitskreis befindlichen Schalter (Γ2) von der Speisespannungsquelle abgetrennt und in den Zeitkondensator (Cl) umgeladen wird.1. Multivibrator with two complementary transistors, characterized by a capacitor (C 2) charged during the pulse pause, which during the pulse time separated from the supply voltage source by a switch (Γ2) in the working circuit and is recharged in the time capacitor (Cl). 2. Multivibrator nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abtrennung des Zeitgliedes durch einen elektronischen Schalter (D) erfolgt.2. Multivibrator according to claim 1, characterized in that the time element is separated by an electronic switch (D) . 3. Multivibrator nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abtrennung des Zeitgliedes durch Umschalten eines Kontaktes erfolgt. 3. Multivibrator according to claim 1, characterized in that the separation of the timing element takes place by switching a contact. 4. Multivibrator nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abtrennung des Zeitgliedes durch einen geeigneten Widerstand erfolgt. 4. Multivibrator according to claim 1, characterized in that the separation of the timing element is done by a suitable resistor. Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen1 sheet of drawings
DESCH35527A 1964-07-25 1964-07-25 Multivibrator with two complementary transistors Pending DE1205141B (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DESCH35527A DE1205141B (en) 1964-07-25 1964-07-25 Multivibrator with two complementary transistors
NL6507732A NL6507732A (en) 1964-07-25 1965-06-16
FR21712A FR1438751A (en) 1964-07-25 1965-06-22 Pulse generators for driving stopwatches, preferably automatic calendars
CH936965A CH522911A (en) 1964-07-25 1965-07-05 Multivibrator with two complementary transistors
US473799A US3378693A (en) 1964-07-25 1965-07-21 Impulse sender for the drive of timing devices, preferably automatic permanent calendars
GB31045/65A GB1114745A (en) 1964-07-25 1965-07-21 Improvements in pulse generators

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DESCH35527A DE1205141B (en) 1964-07-25 1964-07-25 Multivibrator with two complementary transistors

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1205141B true DE1205141B (en) 1965-11-18

Family

ID=7433521

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DESCH35527A Pending DE1205141B (en) 1964-07-25 1964-07-25 Multivibrator with two complementary transistors

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3378693A (en)
CH (1) CH522911A (en)
DE (1) DE1205141B (en)
FR (1) FR1438751A (en)
GB (1) GB1114745A (en)
NL (1) NL6507732A (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1240763B (en) * 1965-12-15 1967-05-18 Bosch Gmbh Robert Flashing light, in particular transportable flashing warning light to indicate vehicles that have broken down due to inability to operate
DE1279078B (en) * 1967-07-28 1968-10-03 Telefunken Patent Pulse generator with a transistor controlled by a time-determining element at its base
DE1290962B (en) * 1967-05-30 1969-03-20 Telefunken Patent Astable square pulse generator, especially for a pacemaker
EP0031874B1 (en) * 1979-12-22 1984-09-19 Voll, Walter, Ing. grad. Electrical installation arrangement

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3423600A (en) * 1966-08-31 1969-01-21 Northern Electric Co Time relay and pulse generator circuit
US3466506A (en) * 1967-05-03 1969-09-09 Gen Time Corp Pulse generator for periodically energizing a timer solenoid
US3560769A (en) * 1967-05-09 1971-02-02 Tokai Rika Co Ltd Sequential flasher
DE1766026B1 (en) * 1968-03-23 1972-03-09 Grundig Emv CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR SWITCH-ON DELAY OF THE OPERATING VOLTAGE OF A MESSAGE DEVICE
DE1762367C3 (en) * 1968-06-05 1978-03-02 Telefunken Patentverwertungsgesellschaft Mbh, 7900 Ulm Pulse generator
US3588621A (en) * 1969-01-07 1971-06-28 Gen Time Corp Electronic pulse source for elapsed time indicator
US3689832A (en) * 1970-05-01 1972-09-05 Western Technical Products Inc Resistance tester for producing an audible tone that varies with the resistance
US3684895A (en) * 1971-02-19 1972-08-15 Andrew C Edelson Circuit for controlling the duration of an interval between sound signals
FR2220923A1 (en) * 1974-05-07 1974-10-04 Bicosa Recherches Time measurement clocks or watches - uses determined freq. periodic signal generator and D.C. supply source
US3971389A (en) * 1975-06-26 1976-07-27 Research Company Pacemaker low current pulse generator
ZA978537B (en) * 1996-09-23 1998-05-12 Focal Inc Polymerizable biodegradable polymers including carbonate or dioxanone linkages.
CN103595261B (en) * 2013-10-31 2016-01-20 江苏绿扬电子仪器集团有限公司 Power supply duplex switched system
CN105634456A (en) * 2014-10-28 2016-06-01 江苏绿扬电子仪器集团有限公司 Multichannel Schmidt power supply switching system

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3306030A (en) * 1967-02-28 Electronic time registering device
US2735009A (en) * 1956-02-14 harry
GB690503A (en) * 1950-07-31 1953-04-22 British Telecomm Res Ltd Improvements in or relating to electrical timing circuits employing thermionic valves
US3074028A (en) * 1961-06-19 1963-01-15 Robert A Mammano Long-period relaxation oscillator
US3329907A (en) * 1964-11-06 1967-07-04 Ibm Multi-frequency relaxation oscillator and timing circuit

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1240763B (en) * 1965-12-15 1967-05-18 Bosch Gmbh Robert Flashing light, in particular transportable flashing warning light to indicate vehicles that have broken down due to inability to operate
DE1290962B (en) * 1967-05-30 1969-03-20 Telefunken Patent Astable square pulse generator, especially for a pacemaker
DE1279078B (en) * 1967-07-28 1968-10-03 Telefunken Patent Pulse generator with a transistor controlled by a time-determining element at its base
DE1279078C2 (en) * 1967-07-28 1973-02-08 Telefunken Patent Pulse generator with a transistor controlled by a time-determining element at its base
EP0031874B1 (en) * 1979-12-22 1984-09-19 Voll, Walter, Ing. grad. Electrical installation arrangement
EP0031404B1 (en) * 1979-12-22 1986-04-09 Voll, Walter, Ing. grad. Remote control circuit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH936965A4 (en) 1968-03-15
FR1438751A (en) 1966-05-13
GB1114745A (en) 1968-05-22
NL6507732A (en) 1966-01-26
CH522911A (en) 1972-06-30
US3378693A (en) 1968-04-16

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