DE1197767B - Suspension system acting on a handlebar, especially for wheel suspension of motor vehicles - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Int. α .:

B62d

German class: 63 c-40

Number: 1197767

File number: U 677711/63 c

Filing date: December 28, 1959

Opening day: July 29, 1965

The subject of the main patent is a suspension system acting on a handlebar, in particular for wheel suspension of motor vehicles, the one opposite its end areas in the middle area Progressively softer acting cushioning characteristic and for this purpose one opposite the articulation point of the handlebar in the distance variable support point of a cooperating with the spring element having pivotable support body, wherein the freely pivotably mounted support body on the one hand on a z. B. directly or indirectly located on the handlebar guideway and so is arranged that its resting with relieved handlebar approximately at the outer end of the guideway one end with increasing deflection deflection of the handlebar with simultaneous corresponding Pivoting of the support body and a corresponding reduction in the force that co-determines the support torque Lever arm can evade to the other end of the guideway, while still the Guide track towards its named other end in such a curved manner against the assigned movement path of the supporting body end supported on it is excessive, that in the middle deflection area of the link each deflection deflection a certain pivot position of the support body is assigned and its end supported on the guideway with increasing deflection in the sense of the increasing "softening" of the cushioning characteristics according to the above reaches the other end of the guideway, according to patent 1139 036.

In the embodiments of such a cushioning system shown in the main patent the support of the support bodies on the guideways via bearings on the support bodies cylindrical support rollers. Such a support can, according to the now collected practical Experience will be unfavorable if the support rollers are mainly at constant circumferential locations with large surface pressures more or less shaking.

The present additional invention is based on the task of eliminating the aforementioned deficiency and at the same time the space required for the parts causing the rolling support in the reduce radial support direction of the support body as possible.

The object set is achieved according to the invention in that the or each support body is supported on the guideway by means of a substantially circular sector-shaped support cradle, the support of which acts on a link
Cushioning system, especially for
Wheel suspension of motor vehicles

Addendum to the patent: 1139 Q36

Applicant:

Üstav pro Vyzkum Motorovych Vozidel, Prague,

Representative:

Dipl.-Ing. R. Beetz and Dipl.-Ing. K. Lamprecht, Patent Attorneys, Munich 22, Steinsdorfstr. 10

Named as inventor:
Antonin Pernik, Prague-Kosire

Claimed priority:

Czechoslovakia from December 28, 1958 (6736)

The radius of curvature is only insignificantly smaller than the smallest radius of curvature (identical to the rolling area of the support cradle) of the curved guideway.
When using such a support cradle, the only small differences between the curvature of the support cradle and the curvatures or the curvature of the guideway result in a significantly larger support surface than was possible with the support rollers mentioned above.

In addition to the lower surface loading of the support cradle and the guideway achieved as a result, which can also be used to reduce the width of the support cradle and guideway can, the elimination of special support rollers also saves space in the radial direction Direction of the swiveling support body, which is particularly welcome in vehicles because of the space savings is. The lower surface load at the support point of the cradle also results in the Another advantage that this point against any ingress of foreign bodies, dust and Dirt is far less sensitive than the highly

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loaded support points of the aforementioned Ab spring plate 3 "and a VOm öfeste spring plate 3"

suspension systems are. axially to the spring down into a guide bush

So that between the support cradle and the guide of the lower spring plate 3 protruding guide

The correct change to the spring mandrel 61 has not been heard.

5 As can be seen in particular from FIG

can occur, is, according to a preferred embodiment, upper spring plate 3 ″ of the support body at the same time

proposed that the spring elements forming the cushioning system

the support cradle and the arched guide tes designed as a bracket, with its two

track each other through one or more guide legs on both sides of the spring 1 to the lower one

bolt with a particular "axial, the rolling of the io spring plate 3 protrudes and at the free end of its two-

Cradle enabling game are connected. the legs each one axially parallel to the bolt 4 after

Further refinements of the invention relate to bearing journals 60 projecting outwards. The vision constructive Details of the last-mentioned counter length of the bow-shaped spring plate 3 ″ is somewhat lateral fixing of the support cradle and guide shorter than that when the Schraübahn is completely compressed as well as other structural details of the Abben spring 1 existing smallest distance of the bearing support cradle itself. bolt 4 from the upper spring plate 3 ".

In the drawing, the invention is for example. On the two bearing journals 60 is a

it shows that it interacts with the spiral-shaped guide

F i g. 1 a supporting cradle 6 specific to the first embodiment example is hinged, which as

Speaking cushioning system in one side, one U-shaped in axial section and on both sides of it

view in the completely relieved state (parts of the ab- ^ a Cylmdermäütelabschnitt forming - upper-

suspension system are for better visualization fen support walls as side legs each a sector

shown cut of details), plate having "body is formed in which the

FIG. 2 shows the cushioning system according to FIG. 1 in support body with the helical spring 1, the upper one

a vertical cross-section along the line AB 25 bow-shaped FederteÜet 3 "und.dem guide pin

the F i g. 1, 6Ϊ protrudes. The outer wheels of the support walls

Fig. 3 the same cushioning system with maximum support cradle 6 is slightly smaller than the distance of the

Load (in one of the side bearing bolts 4 corresponding to FIG. 1 from the underside of the longitudinal

view), _ the guide track 8 located on the carrier 46 when the

4 shows a helical spring 1 compressed to the second embodiment example and at the same time

speaking cushioning system in a side also slightly smaller than; the smallest radius of curvature

view (at a medium load position), this spiral-shaped guideway.

5 shows the cushioning system according to FIG

a vertical cross-section along the line CD trailing arm 7, the support body pivots itself

the F i g. 4, 35 active in the interior of the support cradle 6 back and forth,

6 shows a third exemplary embodiment, which with its support wall on the guide

Talking cushioning system in one of the FIGS. 1 rungsbähn 8 of the side member 46 rolls. By

corresponding Seitenänsl & ht, whereby the cushioning of this rolling off changes at the same time also the

However, the system is at a mean load distance from the Abätützstelie of the support cradle

position is and the suspension on a central 40 bearing pin 9 of the trailing arm 7 and thus also

lere spring stiffness is set (parts of the suspension system that acts in the pivoting direction of the trailing arm 7

Device are for a better visualization of the support period of the suspension. Is that located

Details shown in section), the spring element or the helical spring 1 in their in

7 shows the cushioning system according to FIG. 6 in an approximately vertical position shown in FIG

one against the free face of the guideway 45, the entire supporting force acts almost in motion

having longitudinal member directed side view. direction of the trailing arm 7, whereby the lower

The one shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the first supporting force of the most relaxing exemplary embodiment in this position corresponding Äbfederungs- th helical spring 1 almost completely to the support system is located on one side of a force of the trailing arm 7 is used. The rear axles the rigid or as a swing axis 50 supporting cradle 6 is supported directly above can be designed with two Schwmghälbächsen. of the upper spring plate 3 ″ on the guide track 8.

The rear axle Ψ is in the area of the longitudinal beam and a bearing 57 55 plane arrangement of the support cradle 6 is articulated to an increasing extent on the underside of the longitudinal beam 46. Inward pivoting of the support body after the longitudinal beam 46 protrudes with its curved bearing pin 9, whereby the support cradle 6 is rolled at the upwardly bent rear end above the guide track 8 so that the trailing arm 7 to about the rear axle 7 ". With Support on the longitudinal beam 46 of the vehicle frame of the curved underside of its end, which is also knocked out according to 60, forms the longitudinal beam 46 plate 3 ″. In this position of the helical spring 1, which is compressed at the same time as a helically curved guide, only path 8 of the cushioning system acts. In the area of the still a certain component of the spring force in the outer end of the trailing arm 7 is a lower spring plate 3 of a spring element kers over a direction of movement of the trailing arm 7, while cross bolts 4, which parallel to the bearing bolt 9 also has a longitudinal vent in the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal arm 7 acting component is formed, which is uniquely stored, to the outside of a lent from the spring plate 3 a - negligible - tensile stress protruding upward i an upper chüttg of this link, but no pivoting movement

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the same can trigger. The result is a entspf e- on itself deüen the other hand sponding the wishbone T change in the Abfederüilgshäftej wherein NIIT a Qüefbölzen 4S hingedly supported Abzunehmender deflection of the trailing arm 7, the supporting body 5, 5 'each have a Abstützwiege 6 or 6' at earlier cushioning support unfavorably large Wef. Each support cradle 6 or 6 'has approximately the spring stiffness reduced. The pan 5 Fofm of a circular sector on _{the like} which is articulated by means of an axial portion of the Äbstützköfpers is carried on the two bearing pin 60 or 6NC 'at the free end of the ignition of the AbstützWänd Abstützwiege 6 befind- associated AbstützkÖrpefS 5 and S'. Lent stops 53 are limited to which the support body S and the support body with the upper spring plate 3 "strike wiige 6 freely pivotable and canoe over the support cradle 6. ίο on eittef splf egg-shaped guideway 8 of the one

The fact that the radius of curvature of the support lever elafies 48 is supported means that the other support wall of the support cradle 6 is only a few fences than the body S 'over part of a bearing point 65 of its smallest Radius of curvature of the spiral-shaped Füh- related abutment cradle 6 'articulated actuating track 8, there is always a relatively adjustable rod 10, whereby the Äbstiltzkörper 5 ' large support surface with a correspondingly low ig assigned guide track 8 'circular arc-shaped nuisance, which is not just a long shelf life ^ sön- bends.

This also results in a great insensitivity of these parts. In this example, the suspension system is also the result. The shape of the radii of the Abstützwiegen 6 _ä 6 'NTTF little smaller than spiral of the guide path 8 is advantageously so-the smallest radius of curvature of the guide track selects that the Under the circumstances, 20 nifi 8, 8' is executed, thereby verhältbestmögliche otherwise flattened cushioning characteristics result in relatively small support bodies 5, 5 '. Since -—- · and thus also "at the same time the slowest durehj that here the spring elements" results outside of the swinging suspension ^. support bodies are arranged, the support

The support cradle 6 is therefore much simpler and narrower than the Füh-Wiegln 6, 6 'compared to the

fungsbähn 8 do not move automatically or even ifi 25 be designed according to the first embodiment,

their radial direction away from the longitudinal beam 46 instead of U-shaped support cradles in the axial section

can move, if it is in a middle point of the simple circular hexagon for weight =

AbstützWänd with a radially outwardly protruding relief possibly only one each

Fühfüngsbölzen 63 provided, the "a corresponding approximately dfeieckförffligen frame consisting -" bet-

Böhrtmg the underside of the side member 46 with game 30 det. It then forms according to FIG. 4 in each case

penetrated and at its free end a nut 'the side of this disc which is remote from the bearing pin 60

carries that its slipping out of the hole of the eek the arcuate support wall.

Side member 46 prevented. Thus, the Äbstützwiege 6 from F ig _s 4 is further seen that the Siehe-

also constantly flexible against the guide function of the support cradles 6, 6 'compared to a Vet =

web 8 is pressed, is between said 35 push düfeh attached to the holding arms 48, 48 '

Nut and the lower wall of the longitudinal member "s 46 guide bolts 63, 63 'are carried out in the associated

Another leaf spring 64 is inserted, which is located with its support pads of the support cradles 6, 6 '

both free ends on this "lower wall of the borrowed holes with a corresponding clearance approximately

Side member 46 is supported. The length of the "radially inwardly enforce. The mutual ab?

Guide pin 63 and the size of this. 40 position of the support cradles 6,6 'and the lever arms 48,

Bolts penetrated drilling of the longitudinal member 46 so 48 'is achieved here by leaf springs 64 ^ the one-

dimensioned so that the rolling movements of the support side - as in the case of an exemplary embodiment - at

Cradle 6 not impaired grazing; onto the free ends of the guide pins 63, 63 '

The second screwed-out nuts shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 and on the other side of the discharge example relates to the cushioning of a front 45 supporting walls on which supporting cradles 6, 6 'are supported. derrades40 of a motor vehicle by means of a at the δ in FIGS. and Ί illustrated third ofa cross member 47 of the vehicle frame over a guide, for example again relates to the cushioning of a warehouses bolt 9 and an warehouses "OE7 articulated transverse either as a rigid-boring than swing axis ausgebillenkers 7 '. The transverse control arm 7 'is attached to a longitudinal beam of a driving body 5, 5' and two independent support bodies via two rear axles formed rear axle 7 "by means of a hub pem S, 5 'associated torsion spring bars 1,1' fe- 66 supported on the one hand by a bearing pin 69 on the rear dernd. The outer free end of the transverse end of a longitudinal link 7 and on the other hand via a link 7 'is forked and bears the wheel journal 41 between the two bearing bolts Ä " on a support body of the fork arm of the fork, which is supported by means of 55 suspension systems.

two bearing bolts 42 on the fork around an- The trailing arm 7 is at its the bearing bolts

approaching vertical axis is pivotable. 69 opposite front end via a

On the wheel journal 41 is the wheel 40 in the usual Kfeüzhülsi 68 and a bearing pin 9 on a -

Way stored. Lägef 57 hinged, the au the underside of the longitudinal =

The torsion spring rods 1, 1 'are fastened via a double beam 46 of the vehicle frame. Of the

Bearing 58 on the döftigen longitudinal member 46 of the vehicle support body has similar to the first embodiment

F ahmens stored, def for example at this point firmly with example at the same time a spring element of the suspension

the Qüertfäger 47 is connected. The torsion spring consists of a lower one on the bearing pin

rods 1, Γ are at their other ends in the usual 4 "hinged spring plate 3, ZWei From this Fedef-

(not shown) way on the vehicle frame 6g plates from upwardly projecting ^ concentrically züein-

anchored. The helical springs 1 "arranged at the free ends of the torsion springs"_; an upper

rods 1, V attached lever arms 48 and 48 'ways to save arched spring place 3 "and a guide

at their outer ends untefe guideways 8 _Ä 8 'fungsdöfn 6l _ä from the upper spring plate 3 ″

7 8

axially to the two coil springs 1 "downward trailing arm 7 increasing spring stiffness,

into an upper socket of the lower spring plate 3 tele- while via the connecting rod 10 and the input

protrudes scopically. position of the adjusting member 30 is the basic setting

The suspension is determined at the two free leg ends of the hoop conveyor. By the opposite upper spring plate 3 ", which is on both sides of the 5 set pivot direction of the support body from the Coil springs 1 "after the bearing pin 4" hard into the soft suspension setting extend, are - each parallel to the axial direction here with increasing deflection instead of one of the bearing pin 4 "protruding outwards - two tensile and one compressive stress on the trailing arm 7, Bearing pin en 60 arranged, on which similar to what, however, on the principle of progressive change first embodiment a support cradle 6 io of the cushioning characteristics does not change anything. Essentially pivotable is stored. The support cradle 6 works, however, is that in the FIGS. 6 and 7 entmit its support wall with the spiral-shaped leading-speaking embodiment is one and the same Approximate track 8 of an adjusting member 30 together, the spring element 1 "in addition to the automatic, only also around load-dependent and spring-down dependent change-bearing journals running parallel to the bearing pin 4 ″ 60 'can be pivoted, however, the spring stiffness can also be any basic one Adjustment of the total spring stiffness via the adjustment point, which is a little closer to the bearing pin 4 " than the trunnions 60 are located. By means of the binding rod 10 and the adjusting member 30 allows. Journal 60 "is the adjusting member 30 with a. The invention is not limited to the details of the further supporting cradle 6 'articulated, bound with the described embodiments, the their outer curved support wall on a 20 rather in their diversity - also in arc-shaped curved and at the bottom connection with the different execution des upward cranked free end of the longitudinal examples of the main patent - show that carrier 46 located guideway 8 'supported very many constructive embodiments of the Erist. As shown in FIG. 7 it can be seen, the arrangement is so finding are possible. In detail, z. B. the taken that not only the support cradle 6 the 25 leaf springs 64 also by coil springs or Spring element having support body, but rubber springs and the like. Be replaced, and the spring the adjustment member 30 the support cradle 6 and element of a support system could instead of one Finally, the support cradle 6 ', the adjusting member or two, also made up of more than two helical springs 30 mhbeiner consist of a U-shaped design in axial section. The one at the lower end of the support rod 74 surrounds. 30 located buffer member could also be instead of a rubber

As can be seen in particular from Fig. 6, the buffer 75 is a steel spring or some other spring

Adjusting member 30 can be formed at a bearing point 65 as a connecting body. The outer surfaces of the

extension rod 10 articulated, via which the adjustment support walls of the support cradles 6, 6 'could take place

member 30 either by hand or automatically, precisely in the shape of a cylinder jacket, also conically shaped

set by a regulation and in the respective 35 and both these outer surfaces and the assigned

Setting can be kept. belonging, possibly also conical guide

So that the correct basic setting of the in the approximate tracks 8, 8 'could be with guide edges, with F i g. 6 and 7, the cushioning system shown consists of a crown or a covering ensures remains, are on the one hand in the adjusting member rubber or some other noise-dampening 30 and on the other hand in the guide track 8 '40 guide material provided. At the described Wirstifte 67 or 67 'are permanently inserted, which constantly change the spring-related openings in the adjacent support hardness by means of the freely pivotable support body walls of the associated support cradles 6 or 6 'also does not change anything if instead of the associated intervention. The radii of the cylindrical outer guideways 8 the associated support cradles 6 surfaces of the support cradles 6, 6 'are only 45 curved spirally here on their outer support wall a little smaller than the smallest radius of curvature of and instead the guide tracks 8 belonging to an arc of a circle Guide tracks 8, 8 'are formed so that they are curved in shape.

that the support cradles 6, 6 'are each largest in the illustrated embodiments

result in possible support surfaces. The pivoting support cradles 6,6 'each standing upright or

Area of the support body opposite the support 5 ° shown standing approximately upright, so about

cradle 6 is dirt that has entered the support walls through stops 53 at the two ends

the support wall of the support cradle 6 and which can fall down again. One could take place

Pivoting range of the adjusting member 30 with respect to its supporting support, which is also vertically or obliquely

Provide support cradle 6 'at both ends of the cradle and automatically fall out

belonging support wall of this support cradle is located 55 of dirt through in the arched guide

Liche stops 53 'limited. tracks 8, 8 'and possibly also in the support

So that the described parts of the suspension walls of the support cradles 6,6 'have openings

system from the guideway 8 'of the longitudinal or bring about corresponding holes. the

carrier 46 can be moved downwards, is bearings for the bearing pins and journals

60 provided with self-lubricating bearing shells or a retaining rod 74 on the longitudinal beam 46 or

attached protruding below, which is formed with a roller bearing, preferably a needle bearing on it

rubber buffer 75 located at the bottom. The support bodies could also be used for

which is balanced in its most downwardly pivoted equal or unfavorable inertial forces

Working position located trailing arm 7 protrudes. be cushioned in their pivotability.

Similar to the second embodiment, 65 results in the bushings of the lower spring plate 3

Here, too, the free pivotability of the spring-guided guide pins 61 can be combined with

element having support body an increasing associated sockets also as z. B. hydraulic

Mende reduction of the be formed with the deflection of the vibration damper. Also could

the coil springs and torsion spring bars described in the exemplary embodiments, any other spring elements, e.g. steel springs, rubber, air, gas or hydropneumatic Springs are replaced, and the individual suspension systems could be used for better sealing against dust and dirt as well as water through suitable sleeves or similar protective coatings to be protected. Finally, in approximation to those reproduced in the main patent Embodiments the guideways also instead of parts of the vehicle frame or the cushioning elements Provide directly on the links of the suspension systems, in which case the support bodies then in turn on parts of the vehicle frame or on parts of the cushioning elements are pivotably articulated without thereby affecting the scope of protection laid down in the following claims the invention is abandoned.

Claims (7)

Claims: 20 1. Suspension system acting on a link, in particular for wheel suspension of motor vehicles, one progressively weaker than their end areas in the central area acting cushioning characteristic and for this purpose one opposite the articulation point of the handlebar in the distance variable support point of a cooperating with the spring element having pivotable support body, wherein the freely pivotably mounted support body on the one hand on a z. B. supported indirectly or directly on the handlebar guideway and is arranged so that its with the handlebar relieved approximately at the outer end of the guideway one end resting on top with increasing deflection deflection of the handlebar with simultaneous corresponding pivoting of the support body and a corresponding reduction in the co-determining the support torque Lever arm can evade to the other end of the guideway, while continuing the guide track towards its named other end in such a curved manner against the assigned Path of movement of the supporting body end supported on it is excessive that in the middle Deflection range of the link each deflection deflection a certain pivot position of the support body is assigned and its end supported on the guide track with increasing deflection in the sense of the increasing "softening" of the suspension characteristics reaches the said other end of the guideway, according to patent 1139 036, characterized in that that the or each support body (1,3, 3 "or 5 or 5 'or 1", 3.3 ") on the Guide track (8 or 8 ') by means of a substantially circular sector-shaped support cradle (6 or 6 ') whose radius of curvature is only insignificantly smaller than the smallest radius of curvature (identical to the rolling area of the support cradle) of the curved guideway (8 or 8 '). 2. Suspension system according to claim 1, characterized in that the support cradle (6 or 6 ') and the arcuate guide track (8 or 8') mutually through one or more Guide pins (63, 63 ') with, in particular, an axial one that enables the cradle to roll Game are connected. 3. Suspension system according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that between the head or a nut screwed on there of the guide bolt (63 or 63 ') and the guide track (8 or 8') or the supporting wall of the support cradle (6 or 6 ') a spring (leaf spring 64) is inserted which resiliently biases the support wall against the guide track (8 or 8') (Fig. Ibis 4). 4. cushioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that in the guideway (8 or 8 ') one or more guide pins (67 or 67') are permanently inserted into the associated Openings in the support wall of the adjacent support cradle (6 or 6 ') engage or vice versa (Fig. 6). 5. Suspension system according to claims 1 and 4, characterized in that in the circumferential direction of the guide track (8 or 8 ') and the support wall of the support cradle (6 or 6') at least two guide pins (67 or 67 ') spaced apart are arranged (Fig. 6). 6. cushioning system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the support cradle (6) as a U-shaped in axial section and on both sides of it, for example a support wall forming a cylinder jacket section, each body having a sector plate is formed, in which the support body (1, 3, 3 ") hinged to it with at least a spring element (1) and a spring plate (3 ") protrudes (FIGS. 1 to 3, 6 and 7). 7. Suspension system according to Claims 1 and 6, characterized in that the curved guide track (8) serving to support the support cradle (6) is part of a bow-shaped adjusting member (30) which receives the first-mentioned support cradle (6) and itself in Another support cradle (6 ') is pivotably mounted, which is supported by itself on an arcuate guide track (8'), the angular position of the adjusting member (30) being adjustable and lockable for any basic setting of the spring stiffness of the suspension system. 1 sheet of drawings 509 628 / 24G 7.65 © Bundesdruckerei Berlin