DE1176385B - Circuit arrangement for determining and marking the progressive maximum from a sequence of n-digit measured values - Google Patents

Description

Circuit arrangement for detecting and marking the progressive Maximum from a sequence of n-digit measured values Measuring devices for determining the Maximum are generally used for the task that occurs during a monitoring period to record or display the number of pulses occurring in individual measuring periods. With the maximum tariff, for example, this is of interest during a meter reading period resulting average maximum that is used to calculate the basic price. Such measuring devices are under the name maximum counter, maximum recorder or maximum printer known. In the case of the maximum counter, the largest is at the end of the monitoring period Maximum that occurred during this time can be clearly identified, but it prevails Unclear how often and when this maximum occurred.

The maximum recorder records the number of pulses during the measurement periods in a diagram as an analog value. When evaluating you have to have a lot of lines here Compare with each other in terms of their length, which gives a clear picture in terms of length on time and frequency of the various maxima there. For the editor, this is However, the procedure is extremely tedious and time consuming.

The maximum printer provides a clear, digital record. The pulses generated during a measurement period are sent to an average value printer, who records these impulses in a counter. At the end of a measurement period, the status of the counter and then reset to zero. To get out of a to look for the absolute maximum of such a record with many numerical values, it is necessary to look through all the values.

The laborious and time-consuming process, the recording of measured values Evaluating the maximum printer and examining it for maximums can be made much easier if the measured values occurring during a monitoring period, the are larger than all previous ones, highlighted by an added label will. Such a progressive maximum can be identified, for example by means of a cross that is added to the printed measurement value. The last The measured value marked with a cross during a monitoring period is therefore the largest ever measured value.

The invention relates to a circuit arrangement for determining and Marking the progressive maximum from a sequence of n-digit measured values that entered one after the other as contact position combinations and only then again are saved as contact position combinations if all previously determined Values are smaller, with a contact selector assigned to each of the n digits is.

The invention is that the contacts of each as a memory Acting contact selector in its operating circuit in series with the numerical value next higher level, with the input contributing contact are arranged and below via rectifiers in the direction of the numerically subordinate contacts are bridged, so that when a progressive maximum occurs, at least one Contact selector switches upwards, releasing the marking while the contact selector in lower digits due to the effect of the appropriate means can be set to values below the previously saved value.

The marking of the progressive maximum of a sequence of measured values can consist of additionally marking the maximum values of the complete sequence or that only the largest values are printed. The marking relay enables one of these measures without further ado.

A registration device for maximum counters has become known, the determination of the maximum consumption measured during measurement periods within a reading period. For this purpose, only the previous ones are used by this device Values exceeding the registration value are printed and written.

The measured values are entered digitally, while the comparison between a new measured value and a stored value according to the slave pointer principle is made.

This analog comparison with digital input and output means technically a detour. Working with analog quantities causes a loss of accuracy. Another known device for selecting and marking an extreme value of a series of numbers works with one contact selector each for each registered digit, which corresponds to the numerical value of this digit is preferably set automatically. A corresponding number of relay chains records the extreme value reached in each case. When reaching and exceeding this A marking device is operated. The comparison of the stored number the newly registered number is done digitally.

It turns out to be disturbing that not only advancing maxima, that is, the values that are greater than all of the previous ones are marked, but also extreme values that are repeated at the same level. It can so the last marked value of a column of numbers is just as large as the first be marked so that to determine the point in time at which the maximum occurred, a size comparison of the marked values must be carried out.

In addition, the ones provided for storing the extreme values require Relay chains require considerable effort. They also provide the numerous needed Auxiliary contacts of these relays represent a further source of error.

In contrast, the device according to the invention proves to be important more advantageous.

An embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention is shown in the drawing explained in detail on the basis of four figures.

F i g. 1 shows schematically the structure of the arrangement according to the invention with the essential details; F i g. 2, 3 and 4 are used to explain the Mode of action.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 1 is a circuit arrangement for determining and marking the progressive maximum shown at which three decade units are provided, a hundred decade ZH, a decade of ten Zz and a one-decade ZE. For a better overview, the individual decade units are shown separately. For switching means that have the same purpose in the three decades are used, the same reference numerals are always chosen, and the respective decade is indicated by added dashes. The numerals of the hundred decade ZH receive two lines, that of the decade of ten Zz one line and that of the decade of one ZE remain without a line. Control contacts dependent on a rotary selector or relay are designated with the same but lowercase letters and with Numbered indexes. It should therefore suffice to understand repetitive, Switching means serving the same purpose in the three decades only in the hundred decade To describe ZH precisely; in the decade of ten Zz and the decade of one ZE are then only the switching means that differ from this are explained in detail.

The decade units have self-interrupting circuits. They consist e.g. B. from a relay A "with a control contact a," and a rotary magnet W " a rotary selector D" with a control contact ir, ". Three selector tracks g", h ", i" of the rotary selector D "are drawn for clarity , so that the three voter tracks g ", h", i ", the slats of which are actually arranged on a circle, lie in the figure in the plane of the drawing. The voter tracks g ", h", i " are assigned three contact arms d", e ", f" . Of the eleven slats of the voter tracks g ", h", i " , ten per voter track are connected in such a way that the slats of the voter track lr" are advanced by one slat position compared to those of the voter tracks g "and i". In the zero position of the coupled contact arms d ", e", f " - as shown in the drawing - only the contact arm e" is in conductive connection with other switching parts via the lamella 0 of the selector path h ""In contrast to the tenth slats of the voter tracks g" and i "no galvanic connection. The ten connected slats 1 to 10 of the selector path g "are parallel to the zero potential E". Ten two-pole normally open contacts So "to Se" put with one pole, the ten connected slats 1 to 10 of the voter path i "and with the other pole the ten connected slats 0 to 9 of the voter path h" to zero potential, with two adjacent slats each over here in the direction of the zero position permeable valves V9 "to V," are connected. The forwarding in the tens decade ZH causes a relay B ". Serves for the power supply of the Decade unit comprises a DC voltage source U", which is connected so that the current at the corresponding position of the contact arms and, upon actuation of one of the normally open SO "to S" of zero potential E "to voltage source U" flows. A normally open contact t of a six-pole button is located in the hundred decade ZH. Two other t2 and t3 are in the decade Zz and two more t4 and t5 are in the decade ZE. These working contacts are used to put the arrangement according to the invention out of operation. A break contact t "interrupts the circuit of a marker relay M.

In the decade of ten Zz, a relay X 'is arranged differently from the one hundred decade ZH , which is energized in all positions of the contact arm d' except for the zero position when the control contact ir3 "is closed and is held via a self-holding contact x, '. The contact arms d' and e ' are connected in series with a rectifier G 'via a second control contact x2' of the relay X '. A control contact b, "brings about the commissioning of the decade Zz more is done. For the same reason, only single-pole normally open contacts So to S9 are required here. A relay M, which is drawn in a separate circuit diagram and which acts on a pressure magnet, only responds if either ii "" or w2 'are connected together with b2 "or ir2, b," and b2'.

The mode of operation of the arrangement according to the invention will be explained using four circuit examples. Initially, it should be mentioned that the number of pulses digitally occurring at the end of a measuring period, which is broken down into three decade values, briefly actuates a normally open contact in each decade. For example, the number of pulses should be 118 . The normally open contacts S, ", S, 'and S8 close briefly. Since this is the first measured value in the observation period, this number of pulses is a progressive maximum compared to the previous one, which was zero. The relay A" is in the following current path: E "; S,"; V, "; lamella 0 of voter path h"; e ";A"; w, ";U". The relay A "responds. The now closing control contact a," applies voltage to the rotary magnet W " ; this responds, causing the three coupled contact arms d", e ", f" to move to position 1. Relay A " is briefly switched off via ii"". The same game is now repeated over lamella 1 of selector path e", with relay A "responding in the following current path: E"; S, "; lamella 1 of the voter path h2", e ";A"; w, ";U". The contact threads d ", e", f " take a further step and remain on lamella 2 of the selector path h", since this is de-energized. The contact arm f "is now on lamella 2 of the selector path i", and relay B ", which is in the following current path, responds: E"; S, "; lamella 2 of the voter path i"; .f ";B"; U ". The self-interrupting circuit of the decade Zz, which consists of the relay A ' and the rotary magnet W' of the rotary selector D ', comes into operation by means of the control contact b,", the contact arms e', f 'of the rotary selector D' run when the rotary selector is closed Normally open contact S, 'on the slats 2. The mode of operation of the setting process is the same as in the hundredth decade ZH. The relay B ' , which is energized via lamella 2 of the selector path i', switches by means of its control contact b, 'into the single decade ZE, the contact arms d, i run, since S8 is closed, to the lamellae 9. The circuit of the marker relay M was closed in chronological order first via the control contact w2 ", then via the two control contacts w2 'and b2" and finally via the three control contacts w, b3 "and b2. For example a cross, added. The normally open contacts S, ", S, ', S8, which were closed during the 1 to 2 second registration process, open after the process has ended, while the contact arms of the rotary selector remain in their position and store the number of pulses 118 . The number of pulses occurring after the next measuring periods are related to this memory value. There may be various options for comparing the new pulse numbers with respect to the stored pulse number, which are shown in a table. The decade value of each new number of pulses can be greater, equal or less than the stored value in each decade. ZH maximum equality less Zz storage maximum equality less - ZE storage storage maximum I equality I less - - First, consider a case in which, as shown in FIG. 2 a progressive maximum is determined in the hundredth decade. For example, consider the new number of pulses 801. Compared to the pulse number 118, which is stored in the arrangement and has the decade value 1 in the hundred decade ZH, the new pulse number 801, which has the decade value 8 in the hundred decade ZH, is a progressive maximum. The normally open contacts S $ ", So 'and S, are closed. The lamella 8 of the selector path h" is at zero potential via S8 ", the self-interrupter circuit consisting of relay A" and the rotary magnet W "sets in, and the contact arms move to position 9, on which they stop because slat 9 of the voter path h "is dead. When the rotary magnet W "responds, its control contact w," has also applied voltage to the relay M. The maximum is marked. The new number of pulses must be stored in the decade of ten Zz and the decade in one ZE. When the rotary magnet W "is excited, the control contact w," is actuated. Relay X 'responds and holds itself via x,' in the following current path E '; Lamella 2 of the voter path g '; d '; x, '; X '; P '.

If contact arm f "has entered lamella 9 of selector path i" , relay B "is energized and closes control contact b," in the decade of ten Zz. The following current path applies here: E '; Lamella 2 of g '; x, '; G'; A '; w, '; b, "; U '. The contact arms d', e ', f' of the rotary selector D 'run in the zero position, in which relay X' drops out, since the lamella zero of the contact track g 'has no conductive connection. If the rectifier G' were not available, the relay X 'could hold itself via the contact arm e' and the control contact x2. The contact arm e 'is now connected to voltage via Sö. The contact arms of the rotary selector D' run in position 1. The control contact b, 'of the relay B ' has passed the switching command to the decade in units ZE. The zero setting is first carried out via selector path g by means of the relay X according to the decade ZH . The contact arms d and e then run onto the de-energized lamella 2. The new pulse number 801 is stored the normally open contacts S8 ", So 'and S, come into rest position. The maximum has been marked.

In Fig. 3 illustrates a case in which the value 898 follows the old value 801. In the hundredth decade there is therefore equality of the decade values. In the decade of ten there is a progressive maximum. The new value is then saved in the one decade. The normally open contacts S8 ", S9 'and S $ are in the working position. The self-interrupter circuit in the hundredth decade does not come into operation because the contact arm e" is on the de-energized lamella 9. Relay B "transfers: the transfer command through control contact b," to the decade of ten. The contact arm e 'adjusts to the next de-energized lamella 10 of the selector path h'. Marks the maximum is "located by means of the relay M, the b via w2 and. On voltage. The control contacts b 'and w3' are operated. The return to the neutral position is performed according to Example 2. The contact arms d and e running thereon from Zero off on the new decade value to be saved, i.e. on the slats 9. The normally open contacts S, ", S9 ', S $ are in the rest position, the amount of pulses 898 is saved.

With reference to FIG. 4 shows the processes that take place if the value 898 is followed by a value 899. The stored decade values in the Hundreds and tens of decades therefore correspond to the newly introduced values. The relay B 'is connected to voltage via lamella 10 of selector path i' and switches via the control contact b, 'further into the one's decade; the contact arms d and e move into position 10 a. The new number of pulses is recorded and saved. The relay M is via the control contacts w2, b3 ", b2 connected in series at Tension and marks the maximum. After the registration process has been completed, the normally open contacts drop SB ", S9 'and S9.

If the newly introduced measured value and the stored one are the same Value in the hundreds and tens, but in the case of a smaller decade value in the One decade, for example with a measured value of 891 following the value 898, speak only the relays B "and B 'on. In the memory arrangement indicated by the position the contact arms of the voters is shown, but nothing changes here. is the measured value is already smaller in the decade compared to the stored value, for example 885, only relay B "responds. All other switching means remain in Quiet. If the measured value is already smaller in the hundredth decade, the new one takes place Closing position S? ", S5 ', SB for the measured value 756 no change in the switching state the novel arrangement.

The button t1 is to reset the contact arms in the zero position at the end of the observation period, which can be 1 month, for example. The normally closed contact t in the circuit of the marker relay M prevents the Relay M when the new arrangement is put out of operation.

Claims (5)

Claims: 1. Circuit arrangement for detecting and marking of the progressive maximum from a sequence of n-digit measured values that are consecutively entered as contact position combinations and only then again as contact position combinations are saved if all previously determined values are smaller, where a contact selector is assigned to each of the n digits, characterized in that the contacts (Contact path h) of each contact selector acting as a memory in its operating circuit each in series with the next higher-order numerical value when entering cooperating contact (one of the contacts Se to S9) are arranged and below Via rectifiers (V1 to V9) in the direction of the numerically subordinate Contacts are bridged, so that when a progressive maximum occurs at least a contact selector switches upwards and releases the marking while the Contact voters in lower digits through the action of appropriate means can also be set to values below the previously saved value. 2. Circuit arrangement according to claim 1, characterized by a relay (A) which switched in self-interrupter circuit with a rotary magnet (D) every decade which causes the gradual adjustment of the contact arms. 3. Circuit arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the circuit of a marker relay can be closed via n parallel branches provided with control contacts and that the n-th parallel branch has a contact which is closed when a maximum occurs in the highest (n-th) decade and the marker relay is actuated while the (n-1) -th branch has two contacts lying in series, which are both closed if the n-th decade is equal but a maximum occurs in the (n-1) -th decade, and that in all further parallel branches (n-2), (n-3), (n-4) ... three, four, five ... contacts are in series, which in the case of equality in the higher-order decades, but when they occur of a maximum in the (n-2) -th, (n-3) -th ... decade. 4. Circuit arrangement according to claim 1, characterized by a zero setting relay in the (n-1) -th, (n-2) -th ... decade that occurs when of a maximum in one decade closes a control contact in the next, so that the rotary selector of this decade is set to the new decade value after it has been reset to zero can run up, which can be smaller than the old value. 5. Circuit arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that for the input of measured values for each point a single-pole normally open contact for the one-decade and every subsequent decade for each digit a two-pole normally open contact is used. Publications considered: German U.S. Patent No. 924,824; Swiss Patent No. 239 561.