DE1173512B - Telegraph system with a number of type printing telegraph channels synchronized with each other with automatic error correction obtained by means of repeating devices - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Boarding school KL: H 041

Number:
File number:
Registration date:
Display day:

German KL: 21 al -7/06

St 17974 VIII a / 21 al

June 20, 1961

July 9, 1964

The invention relates to a telegraph system with a number of mutually synchronized Type printing telegraph channels with automatic, obtained by means of repeating devices Error correction, with repetition taking place in repetition cycles, the duration of which is a predetermined one Number of characters.

In these systems with error correction, each participant has a specific channel available. The distribution initially takes place for a certain period of time, and then at the end This period of time a distribution takes place again, namely the allocation takes place in accordance with the Word filling the memory of the participants instead. Finally the certain allotment time is given with a period of time equal to the length of a repetitive cycle if extended at the end of the given cycle Length of time a repeat cycle is in progress in a channel; the duration corresponds to the Practice four characters. If the repetition is over at the end of this additional period of time, then the make new distribution; however, if it has not yet ended at the end of this additional period, then the allotment time of an additional period becomes equal to the period of one repetition cycle extended.

It has now proven advantageous to give the allocation time a certain duration, and because at the beginning of the broadcast, an address should be sent regularly that includes the same code characters are sent as the characters belonging to the traffic. Up until now it was necessary if the period of allocation was not a certain time, sending the address to announce in advance, for example, with the words: "What follows now is an address". I had to this announcement had to be repeated several times in order to understand it correctly, which was very time-consuming. The particular advantage of the present invention is that this extra time is eliminated, namely by that the allocation period has been determined and the receiving side knows that the address will be sent first therefore no further announcement is necessary.

In particular, the invention consists in the fact that these telegraph channels are automatically distributed in constant repetition for the duration of a certain period of time in accordance with the word filling of the memory of an interrogation circuit for use and that if repetition is required in a channel when the last characters are sent in the allocated time span the connection for the telegraph system with a number of under
synchronized type printing telegraph channels with automatic, by means of
Repeater devices obtained
Bug fix

Applicant:

De Staat der ^Nederlanden;

ten deze vertegenwoordigd door de

directeur-generaal der Posterijen,

Telegrafie en Telefonie, The Hague

Representative:

Dr.-Ing. O. Stürner and Dr. F. Mayer,

Patent Attorneys, Calw-Wimberg, Ostlandstr. 36

Named as inventor:

Herman da Silva, Voorburg (Netherlands)

Claimed priority:

Netherlands of June 28, 1960 (253 180)

Duration of the repetition cycle is maintained over the relevant channel.

1 shows the block diagram of a route for a link intended for 32 subscribers. Z is the transmitting station and O is the receiving station in this connection. In both stations, the organs common to all sixteen transmission and reception channels are included in columns C ₂ and C _{0, respectively.}

These common organs Γ4 ₂ and T32 ₂ or T4 ₀ and T32 ₀ determine the points in time at which the subscriber or the subscriber pair can be changed if one of the circuits A or B added to the individual channels on the transmitting and receiving side requests to identify a channel to be occupied.

For this purpose, the said organs send impulses to the trigger circuit S _z , which emits a switching impulse (cells 1 and 2), but only if a certain voltage is present at cell 3, i.e. specifically if there is no longer a request for repetition in the existing connection or can occur.

The said pulses come at rest for cell 3 from the repeater. For cells 1 and 2 they come from the point-determining

409 629/141

Organs J4 _Z or J32 _Z , in the latter case via toggle switch A ₂ .

Where necessary, a rotating circuit can be provided to allow every participant in the event of heavy traffic give the opportunity to channel a channel in the presence of traffic on one or two sides to be occupied, even if the number of channels does not depend on the continuous management of maximum traffic is calculated, so z. B. smaller

Can supply question impulse after it has reached a certain limit, e.g. B. 25 words have been filled is.

To prevent that two participants are shot on a channel or that one Subscribers are allocated two channels, includes the circuit of FIG. 4 two consecutive in time Ring counter. These are the rows or columns of an enclosed switch field of the allocation

than is n / 2 . The transmitting part has a central counter housed in a centralization of channels to the subscribers-determining part C _2. Toggle circuits attached in parallel.

The counter J4 ₂ always counts cycles of four um- If a memory is full to the point where a

outgoing connection is desired, the memory gives by closing contact Ci ₁ to Ci _n , z. B. Ct ₁ , a criterion.

In Fig. 4 are channel flip-flops K ₁ to K _{n / 2} connected to a ring counter R _k on the left in a column n / 2 for the n / 2 physical channels and on the lower side a row of π to

turns off and performs four turns each
from the sixteen channels to an impulse. At the same time, the counter J32 _{Z is set} by pulses from J4 _Z
controlled; once every eight pulses from J4 _Z ,
ie once every 32 revolutions, J32 leads ₂
also give an impulse to all sixteen channels. In
each channel is the flip-flop A ₂ by one
P32 ₂ pulse set in the working position. This P32 ₂ - 20 a second ring counter R, connected toggle switch pulse always coincides with a P4 _z pulse. services T ₁ to T _n provided.

The "and" gate, consisting of cells 1, 2, and 3, when a memory is considered to be on

causes flip-flop S ₂ to respond, when A _{2 is} connected to a channel, Konin is in the working position (cell 1), the pulse PA ₂ precedes cyt (Ct ₁ to Ci _n ). Each memory is dealt with (cell 2) and the repeater 25 is connected to n / 2 flip-flops (J _1-1 to J _{ln / 2} device H _z not working (cell 3). For memory G ₁ etc.). There are n / 2 physical channels

When S ₂ responds, A ₂ returns to the rest position. The response of S ₂ means that subscribers are switched. In the event of a repetition, there is no switchover. If the channel repeats itself when the pulse P32 _{Z appears} , A _{2 will} respond, but S _{2 will} not.

available. These flip-flops form a matrix lying within the left column K and the lower row T.

Thus, the panel consists of nn / 2 = n ^2/2-flops. The groups of flip-flops are controlled by "and" gates. The group connected to memory G _{1 is controlled by}

1. Ci ₁ when closed;

2. one of the flip-flops X ₁ to K _nl2 , when in the working position;

3. the toggle switch J ₁ when in the working position. The group K ₁ to K _nhl forms a ring counter,

When the next P4 _z pulse appears after the repetition device has returned to its rest position, S _{2 is} then set to the rest position. If the switchover is definitive, S is set back to the rest position in addition to A _2.

An analog system, the central counters J4 ₀ and J32 _O with the counters J4 _Z and T32 ₂ on

of the receiving side are in synchronism, the 40 supplies the switching by means of the toggle switch S _0, which is still in the working position cells 11, 12 and 13, controlled by the "And" gate of the toggle circuits of the series, always under the control of p / r pulses . are. The group T ₁ to T _{n also} forms a ring. FIGS. 2 and 3 show that the toggle counter, always under the control of pt , only takes place when the repeating device pulses the flip-flops in the series of the rest position, the momentum of the 45 working position continues.

32nd revolution has occurred and a P4 pulse Assumes the case that after every s revolution

appears. The switching torques have been carried out with silent switching, so when switching on

ren, horizontal arrows indicated. Start of rotation 5-1 every n * / 2 flip-flops

In Fig. 2 it is assumed that the last book of the switching field is set to the rest position. Simultaneously

rods received disturbed by the subscriber 50, the pulse series pt the ring counter J ₁ to T _n

is, while the transmitter A is already switched to Q. Assuming that toggle switch K ₁

tet, and in FIG. 3 that the penultimate letter of the ring counter K ₁ to K _{n 2 is} in the working position and

Participant was disturbed. Here, too, the transmitter A is not supplied with any ^ pulses and that continues

has already been switched to subscriber Q. Memory G ₃ comes into consideration for the connection, so

In both cases, the switchover takes place when receiving 55 speaks if a /? / - ImpuIs the toggle switch

catcher at the right moment.

The relationship between the number η of consumers always grouped in fixed breaks, for example from telegraph exchanges, and the number of available channels is determined by the traffic volume of the consumers. In the cheapest, relatively heavily loaded cases of simplex or duplex traffic, the traffic volume is 100 or 50%; when using the system, n / 2 channels must be available.

Fig. 4 gives the question circuits at the end of the subscriber lines. They each end in a memory G ₁ to G _n , which corresponds to the contact V in FIG. 1 one

J _{3 is} in the working position, also the toggle switch J _{3 Λ} . The response of a switching field toggle switch interrupts the pulse series pt and sets the pulse series pk in motion. As a result, K ₁ and K ₂ assume the rest position. The response of a toggle switch of the / C group interrupts the pulse series pk and again the supply of pi pulses to the ring counter J ₁ to T _n , from which J ₄ now comes into the working position. If memory G ₄ comes into consideration for a connection, the toggle switch J _{4 2 is put} into the working position. The pulse series pt immediately stops again and the pk pulse is fed back to the AT counter.

This is always repeated until a switching field toggle switch is in the working position in each of the λ / 2 rows, if at least n / 2 memories come into consideration for the connection. If a toggle switch T _{n is} in the working position in step s and at the same time s of subscriber n, this means that subscriber η occupies a channel during step s.

If you set η = 32, then 32-16 = 512 pulses are normally necessary to make all switch field flip-flops respond. In this case, the repetition frequency of the pi pulses can be 5 kHz. The pt and p £ pulses occur only during the revolution S-1 , and in this revolution the new switching configuration is determined.

The toggle switch S ₂ of channel 1 responds at the moment of switching when the repeating device of this channel is not in operation. The interaction of S ₂ in the working position and T _3i results in the connection of memory G ₃ to channel i. The new switching state is prepared in rotation S-1; each channel individually supplies the definitive circuit with the working position of the trigger circuit S ₂ belonging to this channel as a criterion. Once a certain switching state has been established, it is maintained until the following revolution s. In the first rotation after switching, an addressing code is sent per channel, which can be repeated approximately in the following rotation to achieve greater security.

On the receiving side, when the flip-flop S _{0 has} responded, the channel for decoding the addressing code to be received is switched to neutral. After decoding, this channel switches the output according to the subscriber determined by the address.

In the example elaborated in this description it is assumed that a subscriber is normally provided with a single channel for the time required to send 32 characters, ie for 32 revolutions of a distributor. After 32 revolutions, the channels are redistributed to the participants in question. During the 32nd rotation, the circuit of FIG. 4 the preparations take place. Provided that the memories G ₂ , G ₄ and G _n are filled to the limit set, the contacts Ci ₂ , Ct ₁ and Ci _{n are} closed.

At the beginning of the 32nd distributor revolution, the pulse generator PK, which supplies the p & pulses, is started. The first p & pulse sets the toggle switch K ₁ in the working position. The flip-flop K ₁ then stops the pulse generator PK and starts the pulse generator PT, which supplies the pi pulses.

The first pulse pt sets the toggle switch T ₁ in the working position. Since contact Ci _{1 is} not closed, the ring counter R makes a following step. The next ρί pulse sets the toggle switch T ₂ in the working position. T ₁ assumes the rest position. Contact Ci ₂ is closed. All conditions for triggering the trigger circuit are now met. The working position of the toggle switch T ₂₁ is a first prerequisite for subscriber G ₂ to be able to use channel 1 at a given time. A second prerequisite is that the toggle switch S ₂ (FIG. 1) of this channel must be in the working position; this will be described later. Toggle switch T ₂₁ stops the generator PT when responding and starts the generator PK . The pulse pk now sets the toggle switch K _{2 of} the ring counter R _k in the working position. The flip-flop K ₂ then stops the pulse generator PK and starts the pulse generator PT . The pulse pt sets the toggle switch T ₃ in the working position. Since the contact Ci _{3 is} not closed, the ring counter R _t makes a following step.

The next pi-pulse sets the toggle switch T ₄ in the working position. Contact Ci ₄ is closed. All the conditions for triggering the trigger circuit T _{4 2} are now met. The working position of the toggle switch T ₄ 2 is a first prerequisite for the subscriber G ₄ to be able to use channel 2 at a given time. A second prerequisite is that the toggle switch S ₂ (FIG. 1) of this channel must be in the working position; this will be described later. Toggle switch T _{4 2} stops the generator PT when responding and starts the generator PK . The pulse pk now sets the toggle switch K _{3 of} the ring counter R _k in the working position. The flip-flop switch K ₃ then stops the pulse generator PK and starts the pulse generator PT . The pulse pt sets the toggle switch T _n to the working position. Contact ci "is closed. All the conditions for triggering the trigger circuit T ₁₁₃ are now met. The working position of the toggle switch T _{n 3} is a first prerequisite for the subscriber G _n to be able to use channel 3 at a given time. A second requirement is that the toggle switch S ₂ (FIG. 1) of this channel must be in the working position; this will be described later. With this, all preparations in the circuit of FIG. 4 took place for the next channel distribution.

Now comes the end of the 32nd rotation. Provided that the last user of channel 1 is not busy with a repetition, all the conditions for triggering the flip-flop S ₂ (FIG. 1) from channel 1 are met. Now both conditions, namely toggle switch T ₂ (FIG. 4) in the working position and toggle switch S ₂ (FIG. 1) in the working position are met, under which channel 1 is assigned to subscriber G ₂ and connected to him .

If one further assumes that the last user of channel 2 is busy with a repetition, toggle switch S ₂ (FIG. 1) of channel 2 is not in the working position and channel 2 cannot yet be connected to subscriber G ₄ . If, after four revolutions of the distributor, the last user of this channel is not busy with a repetition, the toggle switch S ₂ assumes the working position. All conditions under which channel 2 is assigned to subscriber G ₄ and connected to him are now met. If the last user of the channel were still busy with a repetition after the four revolutions of the distributor, the new user G _{4 would} again have to wait for four revolutions of the distributor to elapse.

A new distribution takes place after every 32 revolutions of the distributor. A new assignment of the channels is prepared in the 32nd distributor revolution. This new assignment only comes into effect when the repeating device in the relevant channel allows the trigger circuit S _z (FIG. 1) of this channel to respond as the last condition.

In the case of channel 3, it is assumed that the last user of this channel is not engaged in a repeat. After the 32nd rotation, this channel is then connected to subscriber G _n . In the first revolution after the connection has been established, the address that is registered in the memory of each participant is sent.

Claims (7)

Patent claims: 1. Telegraph system with a number of type printing telegraph channels synchronized among themselves with automatic error correction obtained by means of repeating devices, repetition taking place in repetitive cycles, the duration of which corresponds to a predetermined number of characters, characterized in that these channels are automatically repeated in constant repetition for a certain period of time in accordance with the word filling of the memory (G ₁ to G _n ) of an interrogation circuit (F i g. 4) are distributed for use and that, if repetition is required in a channel when the last characters are sent in the allotted time, the connection for the Duration of the repetition cycle is maintained over the relevant channel. 2. Telegraph system according to claim 1, characterized in that of approximately n / 2 of the η on both sides of the high-frequency member existing subscribers end on one side in the transmission memory and on the other side in the receiving organ traffic lines, which give criteria JEum occupancy of a channel. 3. Telegraph system according to claim 2, characterized in that the switching to be carried out each time after s steps during step s-i is prepared in that then a matrix determined by a channel counting ring and a subscriber counting ring as a result of a simultaneous excitation of the determining counting coordinates to respond is brought. 4. Telegraph system according to claim 3, characterized in that η transmission memory (G ₁ ... G _n , F i g. 4) are provided if η subscribers are present on both sides of the high-frequency connection containing the channels, and that transmission memories are present on these Traffic lines end, with a first ring counter (R _1. ) Being provided, which advances under the control of a first pulse generator (PK) , while a number of flip-flops (K ₁ ... K _n ), which corresponds to the number of existing channels, and a second ring counter (R _t ) is provided, which advances under the control of a second pulse generator (PT) , and a number of flip-flops (T ₁ ... T _n ), which corresponds to the number of participants on one side of the connection, and that through a matrix of flip-flops (T _1-1 ... T _{n n / 2} ) is achieved so that the number of rows corresponds to the number of subscribers on one side of the connection and the number of columns corresponds to the number of existing channels. 5. telegraph system according to claim 4, characterized in that after a memory up to a certain limit, for. B. of 25 words has been filled, a contact (Ci ₁ ... Ci _n ) is closed, whereupon the first pulse generator (PK) is set in motion after one of the matched number of characters (s) minus a corresponding number of distributor revolutions, whereupon in the first ring counter (R _k ) a first toggle switch (K ₁ ) assumes the working position, whereby the first pulse generator (PK) is stopped and the second pulse generator (PT) is set in motion, whereupon the second ring counter begins to step, with the Toggle switches (T ₁ ... T _n ) assume the working position and return to the rest position until the one of these toggle switches takes the working position that belongs to that (first) column of the die whose ci-contact is closed, whereby channel 1 for a subsequent distribution cycle is assigned to the subscriber corresponding to the cf contact, the working position of said flip-flop in the first row being a first condition for the connection of said T participant forms with the first channel, while the second pulse generator (PT) is stopped and the first pulse generator (PK) is restarted when the said flip-flop in the first row is triggered. 6. Telegraph system according to claim 5, characterized in that after restarting the first pulse generator, the second trigger circuit (K ₂ ) of the ring counter (R _k ) assumes the working position, whereby the first pulse generator (PK) stopped and the second pulse generator (PT) again is set in motion, whereupon the second ring counter (R ₁ ) starts to move again in order to now assign channel 2 in the manner indicated for channel 1, the ring counter (R _t ) stopping when the toggle switch of the ring counter responds that corresponds to that ( first) column belongs to the matrix, the ci-contact of which is closed, so that the toggle switch belonging to said column assumes the working position in the second row and channel 2 is assigned, after which the first pulse generator successively the ring counter (R _k ) always for the purpose of the assignment causes the next channel to carry out a single step, with the assistance of the ring counter (PT) in the manner indicated for channels 1 and 2. 7. Telegraph system according to claim 6, each channel characterized by a counter that counts m (four) revolutions (T 4 _Z , Fig. 1) and, depending on the four revolutions, an "and" circuit leading to a toggle switch (S ₂ ) Emits pulse, as well as the fact that from this toggle switch the working position forms a second condition for the implementation of a channel assignment made in the third j-th distributor rotation into a final connection of the relevant channel with the designated subscriber, namely by a second, with the first synchronously running counter that counts 5 (32) revolutions (T32 _Z ) and 32 revolutions each via a toggle switch (A _z ), which thus assumes the working position and emits a pulse to the "and" circuit, and through the toggle switch (p _z ) who assumes the working position if all inputs of the "and" circuit have a positive potential at the same time, which condition is met after the s-th distributor rotation (toggle switch Α. _Δ in the working position) when the counter (Γ4 _Ζ ) is in the working position, the repeater in Quiet is and the distributor emits a pulse (via F ₂ ), while the flip-flop (A _z ) is set in the rest position by a pulse emitted by (S ₂ ) when responding and the flip-flop (S _z ) assumes the rest position after the Connection has been established. 8. Telegraph system according to claim 1, characterized in that if a repetition is in progress after the s-th Verteüer revolution in a channel, the repetition device the point HI _{2 of} the "and" circuit on supplies negative potential, whereby the flip-flop (S ₂ ) for the channel in question cannot assume the working position after the s-th zero-turn until it becomes apparent after one or, where necessary, after a number of four zero-turns that the previous participant is not is busy with a repetition, as a result of which the repeating device then supplies a positive potential to the point (HI _x ) , whereupon all the conditions for the response of the flip-flop circuit (S _z ) are met. Considered publications: German Patent No. 871619;
German Auslegeschrift No. 1069 669,
1091190, 1096 401. 1 sheet of drawings 409 629/141 6.64 © Bundesdruckerei Berlin