DE117004C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE117004C DE117004C DENDAT117004D DE117004DA DE117004C DE 117004 C DE117004 C DE 117004C DE NDAT117004 D DENDAT117004 D DE NDAT117004D DE 117004D A DE117004D A DE 117004DA DE 117004 C DE117004 C DE 117004C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- filtration
- coal
- charcoal
- oxygen
- pores
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000000988 Bone and Bones Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002349 favourable Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001473 noxious Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000001627 detrimental Effects 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12H—PASTEURISATION, STERILISATION, PRESERVATION, PURIFICATION, CLARIFICATION OR AGEING OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; METHODS FOR ALTERING THE ALCOHOL CONTENT OF FERMENTED SOLUTIONS OR ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES
- C12H1/00—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages
- C12H1/02—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages combined with removal of precipitate or added materials, e.g. adsorption material
- C12H1/04—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages combined with removal of precipitate or added materials, e.g. adsorption material with the aid of ion-exchange material or inert clarification material, e.g. adsorption material
- C12H1/0408—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages combined with removal of precipitate or added materials, e.g. adsorption material with the aid of ion-exchange material or inert clarification material, e.g. adsorption material with the aid of inorganic added material
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
Die Wirksamkeit der Kohle bei der Filtration von Flüssigkeiten beruht bekanntlich auf ihrer Fähigkeit, innerhalb der Poren Gase zu comprimiren, welche chemische Veränderungen einzelner Bestandtheile der Flüssigkeit hervorrufen, und gewisse Flüssigkeiten zu absorbiren. Diese Wirkungen können in allen Fällen nur eintreten, sobald die Flüssigkeit mit der Oberfläche innerhalb der Kohle in möglichst innige Berührung gebracht wird.The effectiveness of charcoal in the filtration of liquids is known to be based on their ability to compress gases within the pores, which cause chemical changes to induce individual constituents of the liquid, and to absorb certain liquids. In all cases, these effects can only occur as soon as the liquid is used the surface within the coal is brought into as close contact as possible.
Zu den chemisch wirksamen Gasen gehört in erster Linie der Sauerstoff der Luft, der innerhalb der Poren der Kohle in grofser Menge condensirt wird, weil eine grofse Affinität zwischen Sauerstoff und Kohle besteht, während der bei der Filtration nachtheilig wirkende und in der atmosphärischen Luft in grofsem Ueberschufs enthaltene Stickstoff zum Kohlenstoff nur eine sehr geringe Affinität besitzt.The most chemically active gases include oxygen in the air, the is condensed in great quantity within the pores of the coal, because one great There is an affinity between oxygen and carbon, while that is detrimental during filtration active nitrogen contained in the atmospheric air in great excess has only a very low affinity for carbon.
Um nun also, bei dem Filtrationsprocefs das Maximum der Wirkung zu erzielen, kommt es darauf an, nach dem Befüllen der Filter mit frischer Kohle sämmtliche Gase, welche sich in den leeren Räumen zwischen den Kohlenstückchen befinden und den Contact der Flüssigkeit mit der Kohle hindern, vollständig zu entfernen, dagegen die chemisch vortheilhaft wirkenden, innerhalb der Poren auf der Oberfläche der Kohle verdichteten Gase, besonders den Sauerstoff, zurückzulassen. Um diesen Zweck zu erreichen, wird, nachdem das mit Kohle gefüllte Filter luftdicht verschlossen worden ist, eine Luftleere entsprechend 60 bis 70 cm Quecksilbersäule hergestellt und, sobald diese Grenze erreicht ist, dieser Zustand kurze Zeit bei langsamem Gange der Pumpe erhalten, damit auch aus dem Innern der Poren die unwirksamen bezw. nachtheilig wirkenden Gase entweichen können. Da der Stickstoff bedeutend flüchtiger als der Sauerstoff ist, so gelingt die Entfernung desselben fast ganz vollständig. Das Resultat der obigen Manipulation ist, dafs die Wirksamkeit der Kohle weit über das Doppelte der bei dem bisherigen Verfahren zur Geltung kommenden Wirksamkeit gesteigert wird. Gleichzeitig findet eine bedeutende Reduction der Betriebskosten statt, denn die Wiederbelebung der Kohle darf erst erfolgen, nachdem das zwei- bis dreifache Quantum der Flüssigkeit als bisher die Filter passirt. hat.In order to achieve the maximum effect in the filtration process, it comes on, after filling the filter with fresh charcoal, all gases which are in the empty spaces between the pieces of coal and the contact of the liquid with the coal prevent it from being completely removed, but the chemically advantageous acting gases compressed within the pores on the surface of the coal, especially leaving the oxygen behind. To achieve this end, after that with Carbon-filled filter has been hermetically sealed, an air void according to 60 up to 70 cm of mercury and, as soon as this limit is reached, this condition get a short time with slow operation of the pump, so that the ineffective respectively from the inside of the pores. disadvantageous acting gases can escape. Because nitrogen is significantly more volatile than oxygen it can be removed almost completely. The result of the above Manipulation is that the effectiveness of charcoal is far more than double that of that previous procedures come into effect is increased. At the same time takes place a significant reduction in operating costs takes place because of the revitalization of coal may only take place after two to three times the amount of liquid than before Filter passed. Has.
Es soll.nicht unerwähnt bleiben, dafs man das Vacuum zur Entgasung der Kohle, welche zur Filtration alkoholischer Flüssigkeit bestimmt war, schon angewendet oder anzuwenden versucht hat. Man ging dabei aber von der Voraussetzung aus, dafs der Sauerstoff der Luft zur Bildung von Aldehyd Veranlassung giebt und hat daher die weitgehendsten Mittel angewendet, um den Sauerstoff durch möglichst vollkommenes Vacuum, Bedecken der Alkoholschicht mit Kohlensäure u. s. w. aus der Kohle vollständig zu entfernen. Wie aus Nr. 27 und 29, Jahrgang 1898 der »Zeitschrift für angewandte Chemie« (s. insbesondere S. 669 bis 670, S. 67 rund 672) unzweifelhaft hervorgeht, ist diese Voraussetzung falsch; es konnteIt should not go unmentioned that the vacuum is used for degassing the coal, which was intended for the filtration of alcoholic liquids, was already used or attempted to use Has. The assumption was that the oxygen in the air caused the formation of aldehyde gives and has therefore employed the most extensive means to get the oxygen through as possible complete vacuum, covering the alcohol layer with carbonic acid and so on from the charcoal remove completely. As from No. 27 and 29, year 1898 of the »Zeitschrift für applied chemistry "(see in particular p. 669 to 670, p. 67 around 672) this assumption is wrong; it could
daher auf diese Weise kein gutes Resultat erhalten werden. Der von der Kohle absorbirte bezw. comprimirte und active Sauerstoff ist ein wichtiges Agens für die Erzielung eines guten Filtrationseffectes. Dagegen wirken der Stickstoff und der in den freien Räumen zwischen den Kohlenstücken enthaltene gebundene Sauerstoff nachtheilig, weil sie den Contact zwischen Kohle und verdünntem Spiritus verhindern und durch Absorption von Alkohol und Abführung desselben in die freie Atmosphäre den Alkoholverlust bei der Filtration erhöhen. Aus diesem Grunde ist nur durch theilweise Evacuirung in den Grenzen von 60 bis 70 cm Quecksilbersäule ein praktisch brauchbares Resultat zu erzielen.therefore, no good result can be obtained in this way. The one absorbed by the coal respectively Compressed and active oxygen is an important agent for achieving a good filtration effects. On the other hand, the nitrogen and that in the free spaces act Bound oxygen contained between the pieces of coal is detrimental because it causes the Prevent contact between charcoal and diluted alcohol and prevent through absorption of Alcohol and its discharge into the free atmosphere, the loss of alcohol during filtration raise. For this reason only partial evacuation within the limits of 60 to 70 cm. Of mercury is practical to achieve a useful result.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE117004C true DE117004C (en) |
Family
ID=386305
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DENDAT117004D Active DE117004C (en) |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE117004C (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5752796A (en) * | 1996-01-24 | 1998-05-19 | Muka; Richard S. | Vacuum integrated SMIF system |
-
0
- DE DENDAT117004D patent/DE117004C/de active Active
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5752796A (en) * | 1996-01-24 | 1998-05-19 | Muka; Richard S. | Vacuum integrated SMIF system |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE1271687B (en) | Process for the separation of nitrogen oxides from reaction gases | |
DE2507672B2 (en) | Process for impregnating activated carbon | |
DE1803190C3 (en) | Method and device for degassing freshly roasted coffee | |
CH630867A5 (en) | METHOD FOR DESTRUCTING A BRIDGE MADE FROM GRANULAR AND MILLED WELL. | |
DE117004C (en) | ||
DE2230257B2 (en) | Process for removing nitrogen oxides from a gaseous mixture containing nitrogen oxides and oxygen | |
CH645867A5 (en) | Impregnated activated carbon for use as an air purifier. | |
DE1939701A1 (en) | Process for the separation of a gas mixture containing at least two main components and an impurity by adsorption | |
DE2603807C3 (en) | Process for removing mercury from gases | |
DE3715526C2 (en) | ||
DE2634535B2 (en) | Process for de-caffeinating green coffee | |
DE3613413C2 (en) | ||
EP0313921A2 (en) | Process for careful decaffeination of green coffee | |
DE323973C (en) | Process for artificial aging (maturing) of timber | |
EP0895250B1 (en) | Shielded container for transporting and/or storing spent fuel assemblies | |
DE521648C (en) | Process for removing hydrogen sulphide from carbon distillation gases | |
DE19701677C1 (en) | Process and assembly to progressively remove especially poison gases e.g. ethylene oxide | |
DE538482C (en) | Process for the absorption of hydrogen sulfide, carbonic acid and other gas components | |
DE4116187A1 (en) | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DISPOSAL OF ETHYLENE OXIDE GAS | |
Bils | Ultrastructural effects of air pollution on lung cells | |
DE2544733C2 (en) | Process for solidifying loose, powdery material without binding agents | |
DE677124C (en) | Process for reducing the acid content of mixtures of hydrogen peroxide and water vapor | |
DE169514C (en) | ||
DE620746C (en) | Process for removing carbon dioxide from gas mixtures | |
DE497625C (en) | Removal of arsenic compounds from gases |