DE1122812B - Use of the pressure welding process, in which no liquid phase occurs, for joining silver-metal-oxide materials - Google Patents

Use of the pressure welding process, in which no liquid phase occurs, for joining silver-metal-oxide materials

Info

Publication number
DE1122812B
DE1122812B DED31214A DED0031214A DE1122812B DE 1122812 B DE1122812 B DE 1122812B DE D31214 A DED31214 A DE D31214A DE D0031214 A DED0031214 A DE D0031214A DE 1122812 B DE1122812 B DE 1122812B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
silver
welding process
oxide materials
pressure welding
metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DED31214A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dr Eugen Duerrwaechter
Dr Albert Keil
Dipl-Phys Carl-Ludwig Meyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Doduco Solutions GmbH
Original Assignee
Doduco GmbH and Co KG Dr Eugen Duerrwaechter
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Doduco GmbH and Co KG Dr Eugen Duerrwaechter filed Critical Doduco GmbH and Co KG Dr Eugen Duerrwaechter
Priority to DED36488A priority Critical patent/DE1153178B/en
Priority to DED31214A priority patent/DE1122812B/en
Priority to CH851460A priority patent/CH402207A/en
Priority to FR834124A priority patent/FR1263122A/en
Priority to GB26417/60A priority patent/GB954433A/en
Publication of DE1122812B publication Critical patent/DE1122812B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
    • C22C5/06—Alloys based on silver
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • B23K20/233—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K28/00—Welding or cutting not covered by any of the preceding groups, e.g. electrolytic welding
    • B23K28/02—Combined welding or cutting procedures or apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/001—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces
    • B23K35/007—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces at least one of the workpieces being of copper or another noble metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3006—Ag as the principal constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
    • C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0021—Matrix based on noble metals, Cu or alloys thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
    • H01H1/0237—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides

Description

Anwendung des Preßschweißverfahrens, bei dem keine flüssige Phase auftritt, zum Verbinden von Silber-Metalloxyd-Werkstoffen Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf die Anwendung des Preßschweißverfahrens, bei dem keine flüssige Phase auftritt, zum Verbinden von Silber-Metalloxyd-Werkstoffen, insbesondere Silber-Cadmiumoxyd-Werkstoffen, untereinander oder mit einer Silber- oder Silberlegierungsschicht in einer nicht reduzierenden Atmosphäre bzw. des Kaltpreßschweißverfahrens zum Verbinden von duktil machende Zusätze enthaltenden Silber-Metalloxyd-Werkstoffen, insbesondere Silber-Cadmiumoxyd-Werkstoffen, mit einer Unedelmetallunterlage.Use of the pressure welding process in which there is no liquid phase occurs for joining silver-metal oxide materials The invention relates the application of the pressure welding process, in which no liquid phase occurs, for joining silver-metal oxide materials, especially silver-cadmium oxide materials, with each other or with a silver or silver alloy layer in one not reducing atmosphere or the cold pressure welding process for connecting ductile making additives containing silver-metal oxide materials, in particular silver-cadmium oxide materials, with a base metal base.

Solche Werkstoffe haben bekanntlich eine sehr geringe Schweißneigung. Sie haben deshalb, namentlich Silber-Cadmiumoxyd, große Bedeutung im Schalterbau erlangt, um das Verschweißen und Kleben der Kontakte beim Schalten starker Ströme zu vermeiden. Diese geringe Schweißneigung wird verursacht durch in den Silberkörper feinkörnig eingelagerte Oxydpartikeln, die beim Anschmelzen der Oberfläche durch Schaltlichtbögen die Schaltfläche sehr fein mit nichtmetallischem Material unterteilen und so das Zusammenschweißen der Kontakte verhindern. Hergestellt werden solche Silber-Metalloxyd-Werkstoffe entweder pulvermetallurgisch durch Mischen von Silberpulver und Metalloxydpulver, z. B. CdO oder Zinnoxyd, Pressen und Sintern oder durch sogenannte »Innere Oxydation« einer Silberlegierung.It is known that such materials have a very low tendency to weld. That is why they, namely silver-cadmium oxide, have become very important in switch construction in order to avoid welding and sticking of the contacts when switching strong currents. This low tendency to weld is caused by fine-grain oxide particles embedded in the silver body, which, when the surface is melted by switching arcs, subdivide the button very finely with non-metallic material and thus prevent the contacts from welding together. Such silver-metal oxide materials are produced either by powder metallurgy by mixing silver powder and metal oxide powder, e.g. B. CdO or tin oxide, pressing and sintering or by so-called "internal oxidation" of a silver alloy.

Die für Kontakte erwünschte geringe Schweißneigung führt andererseits zu erheblichen Schwierigkeiten beim Anbringen solcher Silber-Metalloxyd-Werkstoffe auf die Kontaktträger. Es sind viele Verfahren bekanntgeworden, den Silber-Metalloxyd-Werkstoff durch Anbringung von Zwischenschichten, durch einseitige Oxydation, durch innere Oxydation der vorher mit Silber plattierten Silberlegierung oder durch innere Oxydation der einseitig mit einem Hartlot plattierten Silberlegierung einwandfrei zu machen oder durch Verwendung von Loten mit reduzierend wirkenden Bestandteilen den Silber-Metalloxyd-Werkstoff trotz der eingelagerten Metalloxyde zu löten.On the other hand, the low tendency to weld, which is desirable for contacts, leads to considerable difficulties in attaching such silver-metal oxide materials on the contact carrier. Many processes have become known, the silver-metal oxide material by applying intermediate layers, by one-sided oxidation, by internal ones Oxidation of the silver alloy previously plated with silver or by internal oxidation to make the silver alloy plated on one side with a hard solder flawless or by using solders with reducing components, the silver-metal oxide material to solder despite the embedded metal oxides.

Alle diese Verfahren sind recht schwierig und führen nur bei Beachtung ganz besonderer Vorsichtsmaßnahmen (z. B. sehr genauer Einhaltung von Ofentemperaturen und Oxydationszeiten, sorgfältiger Abdeckung oder Anwendung spezieller Schweißverfahren) überhaupt zum Erfolg. Die Schwierigkeiten bei allen bisher bekannten Verfahren sind besonders dann sehr groß, wenn die Kontaktauflagen zu einem großen Teil der Gesamtschicht durchoxydiert sein sollen und wenn es sich dabei um Beläge größerer Dicke handelt. Bei Untersuchungen über die Festigkeit der Plattierung von Silber-Cadmium-Legierungen und ihre Beeinflussung durch Oxydationsglühen hat sich nun überraschenderweise ergeben, daß sich ein fertig oxydierter Silber-Metalloxyd-Werkstoff trotz seiner bekannten geringen Schweißneigung einwandfrei und ohne irgendwelche besonderen Schwierigkeiten mit sich selbst oder mit Silber und Silberlegierungen nach dem üblichen Preßschweißverfahren, bei dem keine flüssige Phase während des Schweißvorganges in der Schweißzone entsteht, in einer nicht reduzierenden Atmosphäre verschweißen läßt.All of these procedures are quite difficult and only work if followed very special precautionary measures (e.g. very strict adherence to oven temperatures and oxidation times, careful covering or use of special welding processes) to success at all. The difficulties with all previously known methods are especially very large when the contact areas form a large part of the overall layer should be oxidized through and if it is about thicker coverings. When investigating the strength of the plating of silver-cadmium alloys and their influence by oxidative annealing has now surprisingly been found, that a completely oxidized silver-metal oxide material is in spite of its known low tendency to sweat properly and without any particular difficulties with itself or with silver and silver alloys using the usual pressure welding process, in which no liquid phase arises in the welding zone during the welding process, can be welded in a non-reducing atmosphere.

Es gelingt auch ohne Schwierigkeiten, duktil machende Zusätze enthaltende Silber-Metalloxyd-Werkstoffe auf für Kontaktbimetalle übliche Unedelmetalle zu plattieren, sofern die Schweißung, wie bei der Kaltschweißung, bei so niedriger Temperatur erfolgt, daß in der Schweißfuge keine flüssige Phase entsteht.It is also possible without difficulty to contain additives which make ductile Plating silver-metal-oxide materials on base metals customary for contact bimetals, if the welding, as with cold welding, takes place at such a low temperature, that no liquid phase arises in the weld joint.

Als den Silber-Metalloxyd-Werkstoff duktil machende Zusätze kommen Metalle wie Ni, Fe, Mo, Cr, Ti, V in Frage.Additives that make the silver-metal oxide material ductile are used Metals like Ni, Fe, Mo, Cr, Ti, V are in question.

Claims (2)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE: 1. Anwendung des Preßschweißverfahrens, bei dem keine flüssige Phase auftritt, zum Verbinden von Silber-Metalloxyd-Werkstoff, insbesondere Silber-Cadmiumoxyd-Werkstoff, untereinander oder mit einer Silber- oder Silberlegierungsschicht in einer nicht reduzierenden Atmosphäre. PATENT CLAIMS: 1. Application of the pressure welding process, in which no liquid phase occurs, for joining silver-metal oxide material, in particular silver-cadmium oxide material, with one another or with a silver or silver alloy layer in a non-reducing atmosphere. 2. Anwendung des Kaltpreßschweißverfahrens zum Verbinden von duktil machende Zusätze enthaltenden Silber-Metalloxyd-Werkstoffen, insbesondere Silber-Cadmiumoxyd-Werkstoffen, mit einer Unedehnetallunterlage. In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften: Deutsche Auslegeschrift Nr. 1013 495; Patentanmeldung D 8062 I b / 49 h (bekanntgemacht am 12. 2. 1953); Archiv für das Eisenhüttenwesen, 4 (1930), Heft 4, S. 199 bis 206.2. Use of the cold pressure welding process for joining silver-metal oxide materials containing ductile additives, in particular silver-cadmium oxide materials, to a base metal. Documents considered: German Auslegeschrift No. 1013 495; Patent application D 8062 I b / 49 h (published on February 12, 1953); Archives for the iron and steel industry, 4 (1930), issue 4, pp. 199 to 206.
DED31214A 1959-08-01 1959-08-01 Use of the pressure welding process, in which no liquid phase occurs, for joining silver-metal-oxide materials Pending DE1122812B (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED36488A DE1153178B (en) 1959-08-01 1959-08-01 Use of a deformable silver-metal oxide material for electrical contacts
DED31214A DE1122812B (en) 1959-08-01 1959-08-01 Use of the pressure welding process, in which no liquid phase occurs, for joining silver-metal-oxide materials
CH851460A CH402207A (en) 1959-08-01 1960-07-26 Process for connecting silver-metal oxide materials with each other or with metals BEZW. Alloys for making bimetal contacts
FR834124A FR1263122A (en) 1959-08-01 1960-07-27 Process for welding materials consisting of silver and a metal oxide
GB26417/60A GB954433A (en) 1959-08-01 1960-07-29 Method of welding silver/metal oxide materials

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED31214A DE1122812B (en) 1959-08-01 1959-08-01 Use of the pressure welding process, in which no liquid phase occurs, for joining silver-metal-oxide materials

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1122812B true DE1122812B (en) 1962-01-25

Family

ID=7040813

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DED31214A Pending DE1122812B (en) 1959-08-01 1959-08-01 Use of the pressure welding process, in which no liquid phase occurs, for joining silver-metal-oxide materials

Country Status (3)

Country Link
CH (1) CH402207A (en)
DE (1) DE1122812B (en)
GB (1) GB954433A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3151385A (en) * 1962-10-03 1964-10-06 Gibson Electric Company Method of forming electrical contacts
DE1533235B1 (en) * 1966-12-15 1970-01-29 E Duerrwaechter Doduco Kg Dr Process for the production of solderable internally oxidized metal / metal oxide contact materials, in particular of the silver / cadmium oxide type

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2948915C2 (en) * 1979-12-05 1988-06-16 Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Solder alloys for direct soldering of oxide-containing silver contacts onto contact carriers

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1013495B (en) * 1954-05-28 1957-08-08 Frako Kondensatoren Und Appbau Cold press welding process for joining capacitor foils made of aluminum

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1013495B (en) * 1954-05-28 1957-08-08 Frako Kondensatoren Und Appbau Cold press welding process for joining capacitor foils made of aluminum

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3151385A (en) * 1962-10-03 1964-10-06 Gibson Electric Company Method of forming electrical contacts
DE1533235B1 (en) * 1966-12-15 1970-01-29 E Duerrwaechter Doduco Kg Dr Process for the production of solderable internally oxidized metal / metal oxide contact materials, in particular of the silver / cadmium oxide type

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB954433A (en) 1964-04-08
CH402207A (en) 1965-11-15

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