DE1121273B - Process for the production of curled threads or fibers - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the production of crimped threads or fibers from viscose with a low alkali content.

The alkali content of a viscose is understood to mean the content of substances in this viscose that contains acid can react and are considered as NaOH in the calculation. This alkali content is determined by adding an excess of acid which was not consumed to the viscose after dilution with water Back-titrated acid and from the amount of acid used the alkali content, as NaOH, calculated.

It is known to produce crimped threads, fibers and the like by adding a viscose, its alkali content 0.57 times the cellulose content, is spun in an acidic bath, the sodium sulfate and Contains zinc sulfate, and sulfuric acid in an amount less than 1.4 times the alkali content that formed Threads are drawn and finally relaxed in a swelling agent.

A disadvantage of this method is that the number of so-called spinning errors that occur is comparatively high is high. Spinning defects are understood here to mean the occurrence of constrictions in the threads, which weaken them. The constrictions can go so far that even in the spinning bath the Break threads.

This undesirable phenomenon occurs more frequently, depending on the alkali-cellulose ratio in the Viscose is smaller and related to achieving the desired crimp the acidity of the spinning bath must be chosen lower. In addition, it is then difficult to prevent the curling of the To keep threads uniform.

According to the invention it has been shown that these disadvantages can be eliminated if the threads be spun in the presence of a surfactant in a spinning bath, moreover Contains 0.5 to 5 percent by weight ammonium sulfate.

The surfactants can be added to either the viscose or the spinning bath or both will. They can be anionic, cationic or nonionic.

Examples of surfactants include sulfonated castor oil or lauryltriethylammonium chloride which substances are referred to in amounts of 0.2 to 0.6 or 0.2 to 0.75 percent by weight on the cellulose in the viscose, added to the spinning solution, and laurylpyridinium chloride, the is added to this bath in amounts of 20 to 100 mg / kg spinning bath.

However, it is preferred as a surface-active method of manufacture
of crimped threads or fibers

Applicant:

NV Onderzoekingsinstituut Research,
Arnhem (Netherlands)

Representative: Dr. K. Schwarzhans, patent attorney.
Munich 19, Romanplatz 9

Claimed priority:
Netherlands of June 27, 1955 (No. 198 409)

Dipl.-Chem. Robert van Cleeff, Arnhem

(Netherlands),
has been named as the inventor

Substance a compound of the formula

(CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O) ₁ H.
RN

(CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O) ^ H

is used in which R represents an alkyl group with 8 to 20 carbon atoms, (x + y) has a value between 5 and 50, where χ or y can be 0.

These compounds can be used in amounts of 0.1 to 1.0 percent by weight, based on the cellulose in the Viscose, added to the spinning solution.

As indicated above, the ammonium sulfate is added to the spinning bath in amounts of 0.5 to 5 percent by weight added. Depending on the alkali-cellulose ratio in the viscose is smaller and the acid content of the spinning bath must therefore be chosen to be lower, larger amounts of ammonium sulfate are required.

In order to obtain the desired crimp, it is necessary that the freshly spun threads are drawn and then brought into a swelling bath in a tension-free state. This bath may be composed of hot water, dilute alkali (for example, 3.5 ° / _o NaOH of 35 ⁰ C) or glycerol consist of 120 ⁰ C.

It is known that the appearance of milky opacities in the threads and the growth of the

109 758/525

Spinneret orifices when spinning the usual alkali-rich viscose in sulfuric acid spinning baths Can be prevented if the viscose itself or the bath small amounts of the above especially mentioned surface-active substances are added, which act as condensation products between long chain aliphatic tertiary amines and alkylene oxides can be addressed.

According to the invention, however, only weakly acidic spinning baths with low-alkali viscoses are used, where the overgrowth of the spinneret orifices does not play any particular role. As special Surface-active compounds designated as advantageous therefore practice within the scope of what is described here Process have a different effect than the previously known method of operation and they also make it possible for the first time in combination with the addition of ammonium sulfate, the reduction of the disturbing spinning defects, which are mainly consist in a constriction of the freshly spun threads already at the beginning of the spinning, where No overgrowth of the spinneret orifices can yet be observed.

To explain the invention, an exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention follows. Herein are the compositions of the spinning solution and spinning bath in percentages by weight specified.

example

A viscose having a cellulose content of 8.6% and an alkali content of 4.8 ° / o was based on the cellulose in the viscose, 0.3 ° / ₀ of the Äthylenoxydderivates added, which has the formula

Sulfuric acid, 20 ° /, containing 1.5% of ammonium sulfate and 1% zinc sulphate ₀ sodium sulfate. The temperature of the bath was 5O ⁰ C. After leaving the spinning bath the filament was stretched in water at 90 ⁰ C up to 50%. The threads were then cut into fibers and the fibers were placed in water at 90 ° C. The fibers curled spontaneously in the hot water. These fibers were then aftertreated and dried in a known manner.

Claims (2)

PATENT CLAIMS: 1. Process for the production of crimped threads or fibers, in which a viscose, whose Alkali content is 0.56 times the cellulose content, is spun in an acidic bath, which also contains sodium sulfate and zinc sulfate, and sulfuric acid in an amount less than 1.4 times the alkali content of the viscose, the threads formed are drawn and finally in be relaxed a swelling agent, characterized in that the threads in the presence of a surfactant, which the viscose itself and / or added to the spinning bath can be spun in a bath that also contains 0.5 to 5 percent by weight of ammonium sulfate contains. ■ 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a surface-active substance Compound of formula , (CH ₂ CH ₂ O) ₁ H C _ia H _M -N 35 (CH ₈ CH ₂ O) j, H. where χ + y is approximately = 13. The viscose was then spun at a maturity of 6.5 ° Hottenroth in a bath containing 4.5% R —N , (CH ₂ -CH ₂ - (CH ₂ - CH ₂ - O) "H is used in which R represents an alkyl group with 8 to 20 carbon atoms, (x + y) has a value between 5 and 50 and χ or y can be 0. Considered publications:
German Patent No. 709 497;
U.S. Patent No. 2 310 207. © 109 75J / 525 12.