DE1120016B - Unheated electrode, especially for low-voltage fluorescent lamps, as well as lamps with such electrodes - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

E19279 Vnic / 21f

REGISTRATION DATE: MAY 2, 1960

NOTICE THE REGISTRATION AND ISSUE OF THE EDITORIAL: DECEMBER 21, 1961

The invention relates to a non-heated electrode with peroxides and / or oxides of the Metals calcium, strontium or barium is activated and optionally in the side at the ends of the tubular lamp arranged at right angles to its longitudinal axis, short, tubular extension pieces is housed, especially for low voltage fluorescent lamps.

The previously known low-voltage fluorescent lamps generally have electrodes on, which have a filament, which take up a small amount of space, but under manifold other disadvantages are subject to great wear. The lifespan of the well-known low-voltage fluorescent lamps is relatively short and is in the size of a maximum of about 5000 burning hours. The known ones are particularly disadvantageous Lamps blackening of the fluorescent screen in the vicinity of the electrodes, causing their use for elongated, merging light strips is practically impossible appears. This is also made more difficult by the fact that the tube lengths that can be achieved with the known lamps are in of the order of magnitude of a maximum of 1.50 m, whereby the blackening when creating elongated Light strips or long light strips of any course have a particularly disruptive effect. Although it has become known to remedy one or the other disadvantage of the known lamps is e.g. B. set at right angles at the ends of the tubular lamp to accommodate the electrodes Provide tubular extension pieces, whereby the blackening in the course of light strips, in particular if several lamps were lined up, could largely be avoided, so could the however, further disadvantages cannot be properly avoided.

It should be noted that fluorescent lamps are already known, the electrodes with a pressed Have activation layer, wherein the electrodes are arranged inside the lamp at the ends but are equipped with a filament.

The aim of the invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the known low-voltage fluorescent lamps to avoid using cold electrodes and especially to create lamps that not only have none Bring about blackening on the luminescent screen, but also the longest possible service life of Have 15,000 to 20,000 burning hours, can be produced in the greatest possible lengths and despite high resilience and thus high light intensity

Unheated electrode, especially for low-voltage fluorescent lamps, as well as a lamp with such electrodes

Applicant:

ELGER 1. Alpine company for neon light technology Dr. Horst Ebhardt,

Graz (Austria)

Representative: Dipl.-Ing. E. Adam, patent attorney, Munich-Obermenzing, Dandlerstr. 10

Claimed priority:

Austria from May 9th (No. A 3468),

June 1, 1959 (No. A 4117) and February 3, 1960 (No. A 821)

Dr. Horst Ebhardt, Graz-Andritz (Austria), has been named as the inventor

have relatively as little heat radiation as possible.

According to the invention, the electron-emitting activation layer is prepared as a solid body Pressed in cavities of the metallic carrier.

With the electrodes according to the invention not only the desired goal is achieved. Apart from this, that the lamp practically shines continuously from one end to the other, which is another reason can be improved that at the ends of the tubular lamp, especially at right angles to their longitudinal extension, arranged short, tubular extension pieces are provided in which the Electrodes are housed, the lamps according to the invention are extremely resistant to internal mechanical damage.

Not only a previously proposed layer that is produced thereby is suitable as the activation layer is that an activating agent made of barium carbonate in intimate mixture with ammonium hydrogen carbonate converted into barium oxide, a highly active form, by the heating process that takes place during the pumping process will. The electron-emitting one advantageously contains Body zirconium, tantalum or tungsten and peroxide. He can according to an expedient arrangement also consist of barium peroxide and carbonyl and tantalum powder.

109 750/266

According to a particularly advantageous development game surrounding the tubular lamp partially the electrode is in the form of a circular cylinder, with a comprehensive and at least one contact part verBoden formed pots provided, wherein the elek- see cover is formed on the electron-emitting Body in the cavity of the pots, trode and attached to the lamp, for example to this at least partially filling, is arranged. 5 is cemented. This base creates a tolerance Surprisingly, it was found that there was overuse of 2 to 5 mm when attaching the electrode activated cup electrodes are no longer possible, as this socket was the plug, Low-voltage fluorescent lamps, depending on the electrode, surrounds and means with enough leeway Request from 150 to 1400 mA with current to have a template attached to the millimeter send. This is an unforeseeable problem ίο or can be cemented in, and is therefore quite claimable given and unforeseen light-precise fit is easily achieved, d. i.e., the contact technical possibilities are offered. is now conveyed to the socket via the base. According to another advantageous embodiment of the further one is through the base in a position to a Invention is the electron-emitting body between capillary tubes for the pumping process at that of the see two or more sides of the electrode facing the lamp at a short distance, distanced one another, in particular made of metal, so that the pump cone that would later remain also standing walls is ring-shaped or surrounded by the base along the sides, so it is no longer visible a polygon, e.g. B. a rectangle, or between is. After all, it makes the whole electrode possible Parallel walls or the like. Arranged, enveloping and also cemented to the luminescent screen about a larger and a smaller metal cup 20 base, in use with a corresponding one are nested and the activation layer socket, the lamp in the socket without use to hold between the walls of the smaller and the larger of special lamp holders, and allows Cup is introduced. It is, of course, much faster and easier to assemble Of course, it is not necessary to use the metal cup and it gives a much cleaner picture than the VerBoden to provide. 25 turning your own lamp holders.

In connection with the intended aim, further details of the invention emerge from

to create lamps, among other things, which, as far as possible, should be drawn from the drawing, in which some

long lengths can be produced, it has been shown that games and details are shown,

that this goal can be achieved in a satisfactory manner.

could. The inventive design-voltage fluorescent lamp with cup electrodes,

This can be used to manufacture lamps in lengths of up to 2.50 m

provides and, without leaving the low voltage range, the electrode receiving extensions;

must also be operated. 3 to 6 show various cup-shaped

To the assembly-like operation with fluorescent electrode forms;

To improve lamps with plug-in electrodes, served 35 Fig. 7 shows a particularly advantageous ring-shaped

so far so-called electrode caps. Electrode shape in section along line VII-VII

As the name suggests, it is FIG. 8;

around real small caps made of metal or Fig. 8 shows the same electrode shape in plan.

Plastic that looks at the upper ends of the plug;

electrodes are cemented on and clean connections 40 FIGS. 9 to 13 show further electrode shapes;

to allow the cable. This results in fol- Fig. 14 shows an em-

disadvantages: charge lamp,

I. The melting of the plug-in electrode to Fig. 15 is the same in a different view and fluorescent lamp is almost exclusively manual ^: ^{16 a special} form of electrode work and can only be done with an accuracy of 2 to 3 mm ^{45 un} ^ ^u . ^llun g ·. . . take place. Now becomes a very precise one. . In the dargesellten in Figure 1 Ausfuhrungsbeisp, el of the electrode to fit into the required electron f ^iner inventive shaped Niederspannungsleuchtstofffrodenloch is required, this can be very J ^{1 1111} P ^6; ^ ^{R m to} carry out with mercury difficult in the known manner because, as already stated, ^ ^{on the} P ^f there is a sight and the one on the inside is not

difficult to carry out because, as already stated. ^

^{has a 5} ° shown LeTOhtstoffschicht during the work of electrode melting, are m dem

Tolerance of 2 to 3 mm is given. Now that ^pipe J; the electrodes 2 arranged coaxially with this

every lamp has two electrodes, it is possible to use the ^Dl6 electrodes 2 are cup electrodes,

borrowed incorrect spacing of the electrodes from one another ^dl . ^e f shape circular cylinder. bottomed

even larger pots are formed, at the bottom of which the activation

2. Next are fluorescent lamps with plug ⁵⁵ ^ layer 3 is disposed, the electrodes 2 are electrodes not always electrodes with pump ^{with a de} f ™ l ⁿⁿ f ^{mn of R} ° ⁿ * ^{s to außei? iuhr} ^ stengei used, but provided ^the connecting pins or wires 4 _{at ireendeiner point T.} The fluorescent lamp becomes a capillary tube. The fluorescent layer can practically be attached in order to enable the entire pumping process to be ^{carried out from the} end of the tube 1 to the other end. After the completion of pumping ^6c 'extend n such that em Such a tube in which the drawn off the capillary tube, and there remains electrodes 2 inventively visible than the known pumping suppositories to a small Abgut. ^st _u ^{and from} the ends of which are arranged in operation

3. A feature of all fluorescent lamps with plug-in lights over their entire length

electrodes had been to cooperate with special-LAM ^Solle * ^lan g ^ere, Lidtfbander _without dark intermediate

pen holders had to be held. ⁶ ^ ^spaces are produced, so several lamps according to Fig. 1 can be lined up at the front.

In a further embodiment of the invention, an advantageous one is, however, for this purpose a lower

The base is provided as a voltage fluorescent lamp as shown in FIG. 2, in which the

Ends of the tube 1 at right angles to the longitudinal extension of the same are provided short, tubular extension pieces 5 in which the electrodes 2 are housed. In this embodiment, electrodes 2 are provided, which are shown in detail in FIGS. 7 and 8. The front ends of the tube 1 are flattened, so that in the case of a luminous layer extending over the entire length of the tube when several fluorescent lamps are lined up, there is practically no interruption of the light band.

In Fig. 3, a cylindrical cup electrode is shown, which per se have any cross-section can. Here is the activation layer 3 at the bottom of a cup 6, which is with a Feed line 4 is provided. The shape of the cup itself can also be arbitrary. Thus, Fig. 4 shows a funnel-shaped Cup, the activation layer 3 being accommodated in the top of the cup, which is also has a feed line 4. This cup can also be circular, rectangular or the like.

FIG. 5 shows a hollow spherical cup and FIG. 6 shows a card-shaped cup.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of an electrode is shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. In this exemplary embodiment the activation layer 3 is located between two cylinders 7 and 8, which are nested and their diameter is only slightly different, creating a relatively narrow ring-shaped Space for the activation layer 3 is created. For power supply by means of the pin or wire 4 and a carrier 9 of any shape is sufficient to hold the electrode formed ring can also be in the shape of a polygon, e.g. B. a rectangle.

FIG. 9 shows an annular electrode, similar to the electrode according to FIGS. 7 and 8, but which has a carrier 9, e.g. B. made of insulating material, and wire-shaped power supply lines 10 has.

Figs. 10 and 11 show an example of an advantageous one Electrode, which consists of some parallel walls 11, between which the activation layer 3, FIG. 10 being a plan view and FIG. 11 being a side view.

Another advantageous electrode shape is that the activation layer, for example in the example 7 or 9 not or not only in the annular space between the two walls 7 and 8, but is arranged on the bottom of the inner cylinder 7 designed as a pot.

Such an embodiment is shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, FIG. 12 being a section along the line XII-XII of FIG. In this example, the cup provided with the wall 7 is on the bottom of which the activation layer 3 is arranged, surrounded by a further wall 8. Here too In place of the cup provided with the wall 7, a disk carrying the activation layer 3 can be inserted Stick, ring or the like. Another geometric figure can also be selected instead of the circular shape will.

14 shows a lamp 1 provided with a base with a glass part 12 protruding at right angles, which surrounds the electrode, the glass part having an electrode envelope 13 which has a contact part 15 carries. To prevent excessive heat build-up, ventilation slots 14 are provided in the base intended.

FIG. 15 shows essentially the same as FIG. 14 in a perspective view, the notches 19 are also visible with which the base in the socket clicks into place.

16 shows one of the possible solutions, such as by a special elaboration of the electrode cover this in connection with a corresponding version 16 not only mediate contact, but can also hold the fluorescent lamp in the socket. A spring 18 is provided here, which engages in an indentation 20 of the socket and thereby the lamp in the socket 16 holds on. In the interior of the socket 16, a contact strip 17 is provided, which when the lamp is inserted is connected to the contact part 15 of the base 13.

The base, which surrounds the entire plug-in electrode of a fluorescent lamp, is compared to the previous one Electrode caps commonly used with plug-in electrodes have significant technical advantages and increase operational reliability the fluorescent lamp provided with a plug-in electrode considerably. When inserting it protrudes the electrode in the tubular part of the fluorescent lamp. When preparing it is in a glass cylinder The melted electrode is placed on the side so that it does not get into the tubular part of the Lamp protrudes.

Claims (11)

PATENT CLAIMS: 1.Unheated electrode which is activated with peroxides and / or oxides of the metals calcium, strontium or barium and which is optionally accommodated in short, tubular extensions arranged laterally at the ends of the tubular lamp at right angles to its longitudinal axis, especially for low-voltage fluorescent lamps, characterized in that the electron-emitting activation layer (3) is pressed as a solid body into prepared cavities in the metallic carrier. 2. Electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that the electron-emitting Body (3) contains zirconium, tantalum or tungsten and peroxide. 3. Electrode according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the electron-emitting Body made of barium peroxide and carbonyl iron and tantalum powder. 4. Electrode according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that it is in the form of circular cylindrical, is formed with bottoms provided pots, wherein the electron-emitting body (3) in the Cavity of the pots, this at least partially filling is arranged. 5. Electrode according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that the electron-emitting Body (3) between two or more, spaced at a small distance from each other, in particular walls (7, 8) made of metal in a ring or along the sides of a polygon, z. B. a rectangle, or od between parallel walls. Like. Is arranged. 6. Electrode according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the carrier of the electron-emitting Body enclosed by a distanced surrounding wall surrounding the outer edge is. 7. Low voltage vapor discharge lamp with Electrodes according to Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the open sides of the pots are facing each other. 8. Low-voltage vapor discharge lamp with electrodes according to Claim 1 to 6, characterized in that that a base is provided which, as one surrounding the electrode (12) with play, the tubular lamp (1) partially encompassing (FIG. 15) and with at least one contact part (15) provided envelope (13) is formed on the electrode (12) and on the lamp (1) attached, for example cemented. 9. Low voltage vapor discharge lamps Claim 8, characterized in that the casing (13) with ventilation openings (14) is provided. 10.Low voltage vapor discharge lamp after Claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the envelope (13) has such a design, for example notches (19), that a Holding device (18) of the socket the base (13) and thus the tube (1) in the socket (16) holds on. 11. Low-voltage vapor discharge lamp according to claim 8 to 10, characterized in that that the base surrounds the lamp only partially and already at the joint between the envelope and outermost pipe bend is cemented. Considered publications: German patent specifications No. 637 206, 642 722,
031, 894 289, 917 860; Austrian Patent No. 183,479; French additional patent specification No. 50 165 (addition to French patent specification No. 850 579); U.S. Patent No. 2,006,081; Philips Technische Rundschau, 1957/58, No. 8/9, pp. 283 to 290. 1 sheet of drawings © 109 750/266 12.