DE11197C - Process for the production of zinc and zinc white in shaft furnaces, with removal of gases and vapors downwards, together with apparatus - Google Patents

Description

1880.

Class 40.

HENRI HÄRMET in DENAIN (France).

Process for the preparation of zinc and zinc white in shaft furnaces when the gases are removed

and vapors down, along with apparatus.

Patented in the German Empire on March 23, 1880.

The shaft furnace used for the production of zinc white is shown in FIG. 1 shown in section.

It consists mainly of:

1. from a cylindrical shaft C ₁ in which the reduction of the oxidized ores takes place under the action of carbon and carbon monoxide;

2. from a frame A, in the very high temperature of which the volatilization of the zinc shown takes place;

3. From a hearth I>, on which the ores and the liquid slag produced as a flux or aggregate collect;

4. from the two heating chambers D, in which the oxidation of the volatilized zinc takes place.

The same are provided with ducts opening out through openings in channels 0 associated.

As particularly characteristic of the shaft furnace and what makes it so far used by all differs, must be stated:

a) the installation of two or more nozzles T ⁱ T ^% , through which hot or cold air (preferably hot) is blown into the upper part of the shaft near the gout, through which only part of the fuel is burned, in such a way, that the batch in the. the temperature necessary for the reduction is added. By means of these nozzles, a uniform and arbitrarily high temperature is produced up to the middle of the batch;

b) the removal of the greater part of that produced from incomplete combustion gaseous products; only a very small part of it escapes at the top the shaft;

c) the very strong reducing gases, which by the excess of fuel in the lower layers arise.

The previously roasted ores, the surcharges and the fuel (to which I prefer Using charcoal) are added in suitable quantities with the aid of a feed hopper brought in the middle of the shaft; the funnel is to avoid gas loss during the introduction of the batch with double seals.

A special hole on the side of the funnel makes it possible to observe the lowering of the charge at any time and also allows a very small amount of gas to escape, which can be regulated as required, which facilitates the ignition of the fuel in front of the nozzles T 'T ² .

The quantity of fuel fed in and the wind through the upper nozzles T ¹ T ^{2 are} regulated in such a way that a complete reduction is achieved at the bottom of the shaft and that the inevitable excess of fuel is retained, through which the temperature necessary for volatilization is achieved in the rack shall be.

When leaving the shaft, the falling mass (gas, melt product and solid mass) meets the gaseous products rising from the frame A.

As a great quantity of heat resides in these latter, they increase the temperature here extraordinarily; all volatilized masses, including the metallic zinc, are carried away with it and carried away through the openings 0 ; the solid masses, on the other hand, sink down and reach the nozzles T, where the charge is melted with complete combustion "" of the fuel.

When only the manufacturing is the purpose of Zinkweifs, one can reduce the height of the frame to go without injury, that is the openings ο of the oxidation zone of the lower nozzle T brings them closer. The oven lining can be anything; I prefer to use an alkaline feed and keep the slag as little acidic as possible.

When they emerge from the openings ο the continued masses consist mainly of carbon dioxide gas, carbonic acid, zinc vapors and various dust masses which already contain some zinc white when the stove nozzles T are very close to the gas escape openings.

Each opening 0 leads into a large heating chamber D, which is lined with refractory bricks.

and into which, through several nozzles t opening in different directions, preferably cold and moist air is introduced for the combustion of the zinc and carbon dioxide under sufficient pressure to carry the products away and to deposit them in ordinary chambers. The pressure inside the furnace, in the pipes, and in the deposition chambers, is great enough to force the gaseous products through the linen bags with which the deposition chambers are closed, without the aid of fans.

As a result of the application and supply of blower air in the upper part of the shaft, whereby a uniform and arbitrarily high temperature in the entire batch in the shaft and as a result, a complete reduction is achieved before the charge enters the rack you can use the furnace described above after making minor changes use for the continuous representation of metallic zinc.

These modifications are shown in FIG. .

1. These consist in increasing the height of the frame A, so that the gas discharge openings 0 are separated from the oxidation zone, which surrounds the nozzles T in the hearth, by a reducing zone, and the discharge takes place at a very high temperature. In this way a small part of the material is prevented from sinking down to the lower nozzles, and the formation of zinc white is avoided.

2. The same aim to promote the consumption of the fuel, and

3. the volatilized products of emerging ο the Oeffhungen by _s, by two long 'cylindrical chambers; k to conduct, which are filled with charcoal and in which at a very high temperature the. complete conversion of the carbonic acid into carbon dioxide and the reduction of traces of zinc oxide which may have been carried away; these chambers are very long and narrow enough that no channels can be formed in them in which the volatilized products could rise, avoiding the reducing action of the coal.

The filling of this reduction chamber is carried out regularly as required by a funnel with a double closure; however, no gas may escape through the probe hole. Through the poking holes r, which are usually kept closed with clay plugs, the lower part of the fuel can be loosened up and the slag can drain into the frame.

The gas pressure in these chambers must be greater than atmospheric pressure in order to prevent any ingress of air. The temperature is kept sufficiently high by the flow of the volatilized masses; the latter emerge through the inclined lines VV and go into the condenser.

In the condenser, to which a deposition chamber can advantageously be added, the zinc is separated from carbon dioxide gases, which are then used in smelting furnaces or in regenerators or elsewhere. Of course. All materials with which the shaft furnace is filled, and especially those that come into the reduction chamber k , must be perfectly dry and free from all oxidizing gases.

Claims (4)

Patent Claims: 1. The shaft furnace for the continuous representation of zinc white, in which shaft furnace at the same time in the upper part of the shaft and below in the hearth by nozzles Blower wind is supplied and in which most of the volatilized in the shaft Masses down to being discharged. 2. The process of zinc white representation in the shaft furnace with basic lining precise separation of the zinc reduction zone from the zinc volatilization zone, whereby each zone has its own special focus for generating the effects in the zone has the necessary heat. The reduction takes place in the shaft, the volatilization of the metal and the melting of the charge on the other hand, in the rack, while the discharge of the volatilized products is there. takes place where the two zones mentioned are separated from each other. 3. The shaft furnace for the representation of metallic zinc with the fan nozzles in the upper part of the shaft and in the hearth, in combination with the two vertical ones Reduction chambers. 4. The continuous representation of the metallic zinc in the shaft furnace with basic feed and with the two reduction chambers, the zinc reduction zone being separated from the zinc volatilization zone in the shaft furnace is strictly separated and in the reduction chambers the conversion of carbonic acid into carbonic oxide and the Reduction of zinc white traces is going on. 1 sheet of drawings.