DE1118238B - Equipment for the storage and / or transport of liquefied, normally gaseous hydrocarbons - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

E13359 Ia / 17g

A N M E L D E T A G: DECEMBER 12, 1956

NOTICE THE REGISTRATION AND ISSUE OF '

LAUNCHED: NOVEMBER 30, 1961

The invention relates to a device for storing and / or transporting liquefied, normally gaseous hydrocarbons with boiling points below -78 ° C at atmospheric pressure with an inner container for receiving the liquefied hydrocarbons, which is in a second, outer container is arranged, wherein the space between the containers is a fixed Receives insulating layer and an outlet line for discharging the vaporized part of the hydrocarbons from the inner container is used.

So far, one has low-boiling liquefied gases with boiling points far below the usual ones atmospheric temperatures, e.g. liquefied natural gas, unless thick-walled pressure vessels are used used, transported in insulated containers about under normal pressure in such a way that the Let the liquid boil and the resulting vapors evacuated and used as fuel, coolant or used for other purposes. It is also used to increase the safety in handling of the low-boiling point Liquids have been recommended to the insides of such containers, whose walls are made of metal, in particular Steel, are made to insulate in order to allow the metal to cool down to such low temperatures where it becomes brittle and fragile.

The object of the invention is based on the object of reducing the losses of liquefied hydrocarbons to keep it low.

This is achieved by placing an insulating layer between the insulating layer and the inner container Layer of solid carbon dioxide is provided. This can preferably be made from carbon dioxide snow exist. Such containers are used in ships, barges, railroad tank cars or tank trucks built in or placed on them and transported in the usual way.

Although there are already double-walled containers for storing liquid acetylene known, the inner container is a pressure vessel and is cooled by a coolant. The coolant exists it consists of a mixture of solid carbon dioxide and acetone, and the pressure in the coolant compartment is kept unchanged; this coolant space is also surrounded by an insulating layer. The mixture of carbon dioxide and acetone is a cold mixture and only works as such, its intimate contact with the inner container being particularly important. It works through Evaporation of the carbon dioxide, so it can only cool down to the point of sublimation enable this gas. Such mixtures are devices for storage and / or transport liquefied, usually gaseous

Hydrocarbons

Applicant:

Esso Research and Engineering Company, Elizabeth, N.J. (V. St. A.)

Representative: Dr. W. Beil, lawyer,
Frankfurt / M.-Höchst, Antoniterstr. 36

Claimed priority:
V. St. v. America, December 13, 1955 (No. 552 780)

Walter H. Rupp, Mountainside, NJ (V. St. A.),
has been named as the inventor

Although it is suitable for cooling liquefied acetylene, it cannot do so due to its own evaporation Generate a sufficiently low temperature to protect liquefied natural gas against evaporation. This is Rather, only possible if the coming from the outside, through the outer insulating layer, is already possible attenuated heat entirely through evaporating carbon dioxide in loose form, e.g. B. in the form of Carbonic acid snow, is rendered harmless, so that it removes the inner layers of carbon dioxide no longer reached which have assumed the temperature of the liquefied natural gas, so that this receives almost no more heat.

In particular, the invention is useful for storing and shipping large quantities of liquefied hydrocarbons suitable, while the well-known acetylene storage process only makes storage relatively small amounts of liquefied acetylenes.

allowed.

It is also already a method for conveying a liquefied gas in a thermal protective sleeve known, in which the gas to be transported was previously so much of a second gas with considerably

Adds such a lower boiling point in the liquid state, so that the resulting mixture is a considerable has a lower boiling point than the desired useful gas.

109 747/117

For this reason alone, this has nothing to do with the invention. The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing

do, because in the invention the useful gas (liquefied explained. It shows

Natural gas) boils much lower than the liquefied coal- Fig. 1 in cross section a tank container and

dioxide. Fig. 2 shows a cross section through a bearing or

Neither has the arrangement 5 transport containers with the invention.

of insulating layers around the inner, the valuable in Fig. 1 are the outer walls of a tanker or

Container containing useful gas to do something. One of the barges is designated 11. A lid 13 is

like arrangement is already known in the manner provided that includes the insulation. The exterior

that it is true that there are two nested containers in front of one another, the bottom of the container and the underside

has seen, but between the two only one insulating io of the cover 13 are with a porous insulating layer

layer, e.g. powdered magnesium carbonate, 15 lined, preferably with a strong one

but no liquid carbon dioxide. Such a layer of balsa wood (e.g. 15 to 45 cm thick). Instead of

Insulating arrangement is not as effective as that balsa wood can also have cork or more

according to the invention. Use layers of these two fabrics.

The thermal insulation layer on the inside of the * 5 are also foamy insulating compounds, such as foam outer container can e.g. B. made of cork, balsa wood, glass or foam rubber, useful. They are provided with foam rubber or a synthetic resin insulating material on the inside, preferably with one or more different such layers of liquid-tight layer 17,
exist together. These are attached to the inside of the space between the solid insulation and that of the outer wall, and then an inner container 19 is denoted by 21. The overly impermeable layer, which is located in the transported goods, is covered in the space 10. The space between the two containers from the inner container 19 is made insoluble in a filling solid carbon dioxide by means of struts 23. certain distance from the insulating layer 15

Hold for the inner container.

a metal that is not very sensitive to temperature changes

is sensitive and at the low temperatures not ventilation pipe 25 and a liquid supply

substantially embrittled. and suction line 26 through the insulation and the

It is essential that the solid, in the intermediate cover 13 through to the outside. With a large container space Several such lines can be provided between the two containers Carbon dioxide when it evaporates and / or be subli- 30. The formed and lubricated by the ventilation, No poisonous or flammable gases escaping vapors can be used as burning coils. On the contrary, the carbon dioxide actually acts as a substance, or is used first as a fire protective, which z. B. in the event of a leak, coolant and then as fuel. Man of the container can be significant. but can also condense it again, liquefy it

There is no isolation system that 100% and 35 lead back into the receptacle, so that is effective, and practically there is always a certain no noticeable loss provided the value Evaporation of the liquefied hydrocarbons of the gas justifies such a procedure, inevitable from the inner container. The space 21 containing the carbonic acid filling The gases produced in this way are also provided with vents 27, made usable in a known manner, e.g. B. as fuel 4 ° The fumes of the carbonic acid can also use the for the vehicle on which the container system is located on the surface of the outer wall 11 with the arrangement of a or as a coolant. The main meaning- special coating are distributed so that device of the invention is darm that one is able to reduce the risk of fire. But you can is to compress relatively thin-walled containers also by recompaction with subsequent use, and that the evaporation losses of the 45 cooling or evaporating again in useful coal gas can keep low and convert the cheaper solid acid snow and this by an or Carbon dioxide to intercept the several filling lines 28 inside the room 21 again penetrating external heat is used. One can also lead back.

some pressure, e.g. Up to 1.75 or 3.5 kg / cm ^2. In Fig. 2, similar parts are retained with the same in the inner container; in this case 50 reference numerals are as indicated in FIG. Here, the inner container 19, which is also the boiling point of the liquefied gas, is significantly higher due to the struts 23, and one does not need to be so careful that the insulation layer 15 made of cork or balsa wood is as completely harmless as possible and is attached to the Inside penetrating heat through the carbon dioxide attached to the outer container 11. The isolated night. 55 layer 15 still carries the impermeable layer 17.

By appropriate selection of the insulating layer and the space 21 between the solid insulating layer 15 of the carbon dioxide layer, the and the inner container 19 is filled with the carbonic acid evaporation rate of the solid coal snow. The device is here as a built-in dioxyds and the liquefied natural gas quite well between the components 41 and 43 of a ship or set; the evaporation rate of the other vehicle is shown. The outer container 11 of carbon dioxide is chosen so that it rests on supports 45 in each; the top of the container is higher than that of the liquefied natural gas, or enclosed by a lid 47,
one liquefies the natural gas again and leaves it _. ,, ,,. ,.,, _ ",. ,
Return to the storage container as cold as possible- ^The particular advantages of the invention are:
in which case only carbonic acid vapors 65 1. A supply of carbonic acid is always lost immediately. The latter can also be compressed gas available that, in the event of a leak, cool and return as carbon dioxide snow in the or a break in the natural gas container or in the insulating jacket. Case of a collision or another

Damage that could result in an immediate fire hazard is exposed.

2. The operational reliability achieved as a result of the presence of large amounts of carbon dioxide is the operating personnel who look after the containers with the liquefied natural gas incumbent on being able to perform his duties better and more safely and such containers safer and more effective to use.

3. The graded insulation system largely reduces the cold losses that occur. As already mentioned, one can choose between the evaporation of the liquid natural gas and the evaporation Establish an adequate balance of carbonic acid. Both substances can either be used individually or both together used outside or returned to the facility.

It is obvious that the use of carbon dioxide snow, which melts at around - 80 ° C or sublimated, an effective insulating intermediate and also a significant additional one Represents safety factor.

Claims (2)

PATENT'S CHALLENGE: 1. Device for storing and / or transporting liquefied, normally gaseous hydrocarbons with boiling points below -78 ° C at atmospheric pressure with an inner container for receiving the liquefied hydrocarbons, which is arranged in a second, outer container, the space between the containers takes a solid insulating layer and an outlet for discharging the vaporized portion of the hydrocarbons from the inner container serves, characterized in that an insulating layer (21) is provided of solid carbon dioxide between the insulating layer (15) and the inner container (19). 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the solid carbon dioxide from There is carbonic acid snow. Considered publications:
German Patent Nos. 615 449, 676 863, 892575, 899 025;
U.S. Patent Nos. 2148 109,2551435. 1 sheet of drawings