DE1100179B - Manufacturing process for impact electrodes of electron multipliers - Google Patents

Manufacturing process for impact electrodes of electron multipliers

Info

Publication number
DE1100179B
DE1100179B DEE18504A DEE0018504A DE1100179B DE 1100179 B DE1100179 B DE 1100179B DE E18504 A DEE18504 A DE E18504A DE E0018504 A DEE0018504 A DE E0018504A DE 1100179 B DE1100179 B DE 1100179B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
impact
manufacturing process
electron multipliers
silver
electrode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DEE18504A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Walter Ernest Turk
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Teledyne UK Ltd
Original Assignee
English Electric Valve Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by English Electric Valve Co Ltd filed Critical English Electric Valve Co Ltd
Publication of DE1100179B publication Critical patent/DE1100179B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/02—Electrodes; Screens; Mounting, supporting, spacing or insulating thereof
    • H01J29/023—Electrodes; Screens; Mounting, supporting, spacing or insulating thereof secondary-electron emitting electrode arrangements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J1/00—Details of electrodes, of magnetic control means, of screens, or of the mounting or spacing thereof, common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J1/02—Main electrodes
    • H01J1/32—Secondary-electron-emitting electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J19/00—Details of vacuum tubes of the types covered by group H01J21/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2893/00—Discharge tubes and lamps
    • H01J2893/0001—Electrodes and electrode systems suitable for discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J2893/0012—Constructional arrangements
    • H01J2893/0019—Chemical composition and manufacture
    • H01J2893/0022—Manufacture
    • H01J2893/0023—Manufacture carbonising and other surface treatments

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cathode-Ray Tubes And Fluorescent Screens For Display (AREA)
  • Hybrid Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Primary Cells (AREA)

Description

DEUTSCHESGERMAN

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Prallelektroden für Elektronenvervielfacher. The invention relates to a method for producing impact electrodes for electron multipliers.

Da die Oberfläche der ersten Prallelektrode des Elektronenvervielfachers einer Bildaufnahmeröhre bei 5 der Bildübertragung eine Rolle spielt, d. h. daß die Güte des zu übertragenden Bildes in hohem Maße von der Beschaffenheit dieser Elektrode abhängig ist, ist es erforderlich, diese Prallelektrodenoberfläche so gleichförmig und beständig wie möglich zu gestalten. Weiterhin muß der Sekundäremissionskoeffizient hoch sein, da das Signal-Störverhältnis der Bildsignale stark vom Gewinn der ersten Stufe des Elektronenvervielfachers abhängt.Since the surface of the first impact electrode of the electron multiplier of an image pickup tube at 5 image transmission plays a role, d. H. that the quality of the image to be transmitted is high depends on the nature of this electrode, it is necessary to design this impact electrode surface in this way to be as uniform and consistent as possible. Furthermore, the secondary emission coefficient be high, since the signal-to-noise ratio of the image signals depends heavily on the gain of the first stage of the Depends on the electron multiplier.

Bekannt sind Prallelektroden aus einer Silber-Magnesium-Legierung, wobei das Silber stark überwiegt, insbesondere eine Legierung aus etwa 98,3% Silber und 1,7% Magnesium.Impact electrodes made of a silver-magnesium alloy are known, whereby the silver predominates, in particular an alloy of about 98.3% silver and 1.7% magnesium.

Wichtig ist, daß keine Verunreinigungen, insbesondere kein Lithium, in der Legierung enthalten ist. aoIt is important that the alloy does not contain any impurities, in particular no lithium. ao

Hinsichtlich des Sekundäremissionsfaktors werden die besten Ergebnisse dann erzielt, wenn die Oberfläche der Prallelektrode geschwärzt ist.With regard to the secondary emission factor, the best results are achieved when the surface the impact electrode is blackened.

Ziel der Erfindung ist ein Herstellungsverfahren für eine Prallelektrode, bei der die Schwärzung in einfacher Art durchgeführt werden kann.The aim of the invention is a manufacturing method for an impact electrode in which the blackening in can be done in a simple manner.

Bei einem Herstellungsverfahren für eine Prallelektrode aus einer überwiegend Silber enthaltenden Silber-Magnesium-Legierung für Elektronenvervielfacher wird daher nach der Erfindung die Oberfläche der Prallelektrode durch Einwirkung einer Schwefel abgebenden Atmosphäre geschwärzt.In a manufacturing method for an impact electrode from a predominantly silver-containing one Silver-magnesium alloy for electron multipliers is therefore the surface according to the invention the impact electrode blackened by the action of a sulfur-releasing atmosphere.

Eine bevorzugte sulfidische Atmosphäre zur Schwärzung der aus Silber-Magnesium-Legierung bestehenden Prallelektrode ist WasserstofFpersulfid. Es kann jedoch z. B. auch Schwefeldioxyd als Schwefel abgebende Atmosphäre verwendet werden. Es wird gegenwärtig angenommen, daß die Schwärzung auf die Bildung von Silbersulfid zurückzuführen ist.A preferred sulphidic atmosphere for blackening those made of silver-magnesium alloy existing impact electrode is hydrogen persulfide. However, it can e.g. B. also sulfur dioxide as sulfur emitting atmosphere can be used. It is currently believed that the blackening is due to the formation of silver sulfide.

Eine nach dem Verfahren hergestellte Prallelektrode weist gute Sekundäremission und eine gute mechanische und elektronische Oberflächenbeständigkeit und -gleichförmigkeit auf und bietet den meisten Vorteil für die Verwendung als erste Prallelektrode des Elektronenvervielfachers einer Image-Orthikon- oder ähnlichen Fernseh-Kameraröhre.An impact electrode produced according to the method has good secondary emissions and good mechanical ones and electronic surface durability and uniformity, and offers the most benefit for use as the first impact electrode of the electron multiplier of an image orthicon or similar television camera tube.

Herstellungsverfahrenproduction method

für Prallelektroden
von Elektronenvervielfachernfor impact electrodes
of electron multipliers

Anmelder:Applicant:

English Electric Valve Company Limited, LondonEnglish Electric Valve Company Limited, London

Vertreter: Dr. W. Müller-BoreRepresentative: Dr. W. Muller-Bore

und Dipl.-Ing. H. Gralfs, Patentanwälte,and Dipl.-Ing. H. Gralfs, patent attorneys,

Braunschweig, Am Bürgerpark 8Braunschweig, Am Bürgerpark 8

Beanspruchte Priorität:Claimed priority:

Großbritannien vom 20. November 1958Great Britain 20 November 1958

und 24 August 1959and August 24, 1959

Walter Ernest Turk, Chelmsford, EssexWalter Ernest Turk, Chelmsford, Essex

(Großbritannien),
ist als Erfinder genannt worden(Great Britain),
has been named as the inventor

Silber-Magnesium-Legierung für Elektronenvervielfacher, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Oberfläche der Prallelektrode durch Einwirkung einer Schwefel abgebenden Atmosphäre geschwärzt wird.Silver-magnesium alloy for electron multipliers, characterized in that the surface the impact electrode blackened by the action of a sulfur-releasing atmosphere will.

2. Herstellungsverfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schwefel abgebende Atmosphäre durch Wasserstoffpersulfid erzeugt wird.2. Manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the sulfur-releasing Atmosphere is created by hydrogen persulfide.

3. Herstellungsverfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schwefel abgebende Atmosphäre durch Schwefeldioxyd erzeugt wird.3. Manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the sulfur-releasing Atmosphere is created by sulfur dioxide.

4. Anwendung einer nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche hergestellten Prallelektrode als erste Prallelektrode eines Elektronenvervielfachers einer Image-Orthikon- oder ähnlichen Bildaufnahmeröhre.4. Use of an impact electrode produced according to one of the preceding claims as the first impact electrode of an electron multiplier of an Image-Orthicon or similar Image pickup tube.

Claims (1)

Patentansprüche:Patent claims: 1. Herstellungsverfahren für eine P rail elektrode aus einer überwiegend Silber enthaltenden In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften:
»Journ. appl. phys.«, Vol. 25, 1954, S. 288 bis 292; »Nachrichtentechnik«, 5. Jahrgang, 1955, S. 470 bis 472.1. Manufacturing process for a rail electrode from a predominantly silver-containing publications.
“Journ. appl. phys. ”, Vol. 25, 1954, pp. 288 to 292; "Communication technology", 5th year, 1955, pp. 470 to 472.
DEE18504A 1958-11-20 1959-11-13 Manufacturing process for impact electrodes of electron multipliers Pending DE1100179B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB3742458A GB855365A (en) 1958-11-20 1958-11-20 Improvements in or relating to electron multipliers

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1100179B true DE1100179B (en) 1961-02-23

Family

ID=10396386

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEE18504A Pending DE1100179B (en) 1958-11-20 1959-11-13 Manufacturing process for impact electrodes of electron multipliers

Country Status (4)

Country Link
DE (1) DE1100179B (en)
FR (1) FR1240927A (en)
GB (1) GB855365A (en)
NL (1) NL245280A (en)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1240927A (en) 1960-09-09
GB855365A (en) 1960-11-30
NL245280A (en)

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