DE1097607B - Surface-active mixture for washing and cleaning purposes - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a mixture containing surface-active agents for washing and cleaning purposes and to concentrated solutions of this mixture of surfactants.

Salts of alkylarylsulfonates in which the alkyl radical has a chain length of, for example, 9 to 16 carbon atoms are widely used as surfactants. They are used for certain purposes suitably placed on the market in the form of aqueous solutions. In the relatively cheap form of the Sodium or ammonium salts, these sulfonates have an undesirably low water solubility. Against it are the salts with higher solubility, e.g. B. the triethanolamine salt, relatively expensive and can be economical not with the sodium salts in general uses, e.g. B. when washing, cleaning or Dishwashing compete.

In the presence of sodium alkyl sulfates, sodium alkyl sulfonates solubilized to some extent, and one can buy solid compositions, those from mixtures of sodium alkyl sulfonates and sodium alkyl sulfates, obtained from cracked petroleum fractions, exist.

The invention relates to a surface-active mixture containing alkyl sulfates and alkyl aryl sulfonates for washing and cleaning purposes and its concentrated aqueous solutions, which by a content from 40 to 60% of an alkyl sulfate surfactant salt, especially sodium alkyl sulfate and at the same time contains a combination of alkylarylsulfonates, the greater part of which consists of sodium and / or ammonium alkyl aryl sulfonates and at least 20 mol percent of triethanolamine alkyl aryl sulfonate consists.

The surface-active substance mixture according to the invention preferably contains 50 percent by weight sodium alkyl sulfate and 50 percent by weight alkyl aryl sulfonate salts. A particularly suitable combination of the alkylarylsulfonate is made of triethanolamine salt Y ₃ and ^{_2/3 of} sodium and / or ammonium salt. But even smaller amounts of the triethanolamine salt in the combination still give satisfactory results. A mixture of sodium alkylarylsulphonate and triethanolamine alkylarylsulphonate in a molar ratio of 8: 2 is a thin paste which, however, when mixed with a sodium alkyl sulphate solution in a sulphonate to sulphate ratio of 50:50 by weight, results in a viscous, clear, cold-resistant product in which the active agent content is 40 to 50 percent by weight.

The mixtures according to the invention can contain inorganic salts such as sodium sulfate. if but highly concentrated aqueous solutions are sought, the total amount of inorganic salts should in the mixture no more than 6%, preferably 3 to

Surface-active mixture for washing
and cleaning purposes

Applicant:

Scottish Oils Limited,
Glasgow (Great Britain)

Representative: Dr.-Ing. A. ν. Kreisler,

Dr.-Ing. K. Schönwald,

Dipl.-Chem. Dr. phil. H. Siebeneicher

and Dr.-Ing. Th. Meyer, patent attorneys,

Cologne 1, Deichmannhaus

Claimed priority:
Great Britain 6 April 1956

Daniel Stewart, Uphall, Broxburn, West Lothian

(Great Britain),
has been named as the inventor

6%. The ternary substance mixture according to the invention gives an increase in solubility for the poorly soluble Surface-active mixture constituents, as it is not previously known.

According to the invention, in particular salts which can be used as sulfonate salts are those which are obtained by reacting olefins with aromatic hydrocarbons, sulfurization of these products and subsequent neutralization with z. B. Sodium hydroxide or carbonate, aqueous ammonia or triethanolamine have been obtained. Here For example, olefins having 6 to 16 carbon atoms and also higher olefins can be used alone or as a mixture be. Aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, diphenyl, naphthalene can be used for the reaction inter alia, have been used. The subsequent sulfurization can be carried out using, for example Sulfuric acid, oleum or sulfur trioxide. In the mixture according to the invention an alkylarylsulfonate particularly preferred that by polymerizing propylene to the corresponding tetramer, Reacting this tetramer with benzene and sulfurizing the alkylbenzenes has been obtained.

Sodium alkyl sulfates to be used for the invention are, in particular, those obtained by sulfating olefins or by reacting alcohols with sulfuric acid and neutralizing the alkylsulfuric acids with a basic sodium compound, e.g. B. Sodium Hy-

009 699/483

hydroxide or carbonate. Suitable olefins here include those already mentioned above enumerated olefins. Products made from α-unsaturated olefins are particularly suitable.

Sodium alkyl sulfates, which according to the British Patent 657,598 processes described have been prepared. According to the information in this patent, there a shale oil distillate fraction in the boiling range from 180 to 330 ° C reacted with sulfuric acid and the like obtained alkylsulfuric acids then neutralized with an alkali metal base with or without simultaneous Hydrolysis of dialkyl sulfates.

Example _x ,

106.7 kg of oleum (20% SO ₃ ) are slowly added, with continuous stirring, to 111.6 kg of a product obtained by alkylating benzene with a propylene tetramer, keeping the reaction temperature below 32 ° C. The reaction mixture is then continuously stirred for 2 hours at 46.degree. C. and then 15 kg of water are added, the temperature being kept below 54.degree. The mixture is then allowed to separate into two layers at 54 ° C. over a period of 5 hours. The lower layer of 75.7 kg of spent sulfuric acid is removed. The upper layer, consisting of 157.3 kg of a mixture of alkylarylsulfonic acid and sulfuric acid in a molar ratio of 0.9: 0.3, is converted into a mixture of 23.8 kg of sodium hydroxide and 21.3 kg of triethanolamine, dissolved in 408, with continuous stirring kg of water, the temperature of the mixture being kept below 38 ° C. The mixture obtained in this way has a weight of 152.3 kg and consists of a mixture of sodium and triethanolamine alkylarylsulfonates. It is added together with 152 kg of water to 761 kg of a 30 percent by weight sodium alkyl sulfate solution which has been prepared according to the process described in Example 3 of British Patent 657,598.

The product thus obtained, weighing 1523 kg, contains 25 percent by weight of active material, 15 percent by weight of sodium alkyl sulfate and percent by weight of a mixture of sodium alkylarylsulfonate and triethanolamine alkylarylsulfonate, the molar ratio of the sodium alkylarylsulfonate to the triethanolamine-alkylarylsulfo. to
nat is 8: 2.

Claims (4)

Claims-. 1. A surface-active mixture containing alkyl sulfates and alkyl aryl sulfonates for washing and cleaning purposes and its concentrated aqueous solutions, characterized by a content of 40 to 60 ° / _{0 of} a surface-active alkyl sulfate, in particular sodium alkyl sulfate, and a combination of alkyl aryl sulfonates, the greater part of which is sodium - and / or ammonium alkylarylsulfonate and at least 20 mol percent triethanolamine alkylarylsulfonate. 2. Surfactant composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains less than 6 ° / ₀ of an inorganic salt, particularly sodium sulfate. 3. Surface-active mixture according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the alkylarylsulfonates by reaction of olefins having preferably 9 to 16 carbon atoms and in particular by reaction of a propylene polymer with an aromatic hydrocarbon, preferably benzene, subsequent sulfurization of the alkylaryl hydrocarbons formed to obtain the corresponding sulfonic acids and neutralizing these sulfonic acids have been. 4. Surface-active mixture according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sodium alkyl sulfate by neutralization and / or hydrolysis of one by sulfating a shale oil distillate fraction obtained product has been produced. Considered publications:
French patent specification No. 1 096 527. © 009 699/483 1.61