DE109377C - - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL

PATENT OFFICE.

With large electrical transformers it is inevitable that electrical energy will be useless consumed and converted into heat, which increases performance and efficiency of the transformer affects more or less unfavorable, and which up to one can lead to such an increase in temperature that this occurs in the manufacture of the transformer used insulation material damaged and caused a breakdown of the transformer will.

In order to avoid this inconvenience and to keep large transformers cool in a simple and automatic manner , tubes made of thin, non-magnetic metal, e.g. copper, are placed in air ducts α (Fig. 1 and 2) of the transformer, which run in the longitudinal direction which are provided with a blackened or matted outer surface, in order to enable them especially to absorb radiant heat. These tubes are filled with a suitable coolant, e.g. B. water or oil, or this coolant is sent through the tubes to absorb the heat. If water or oil is allowed to flow through the tubes, the ends of the transformer are expediently provided with chambers.

In Fig. 1 and 2 such an arrangement is shown in the horizontal - and in the verticalschhitt, in which the thin copper tubes b are blackened on the outside,

z. B. with a mixture of lamp black and an oil or a firnif. These tubes are arranged vertically in the diverging ventilation spaces between the radially arranged plates c composed of sheet iron, which form the iron core of the transformer, and in the central ventilation space. The tubes b arranged in the diverging ventilation spaces α are shaped in such a way that they adapt to the inner and outer surface of the primary and secondary coils denoted by t; however, they are a short distance, about 12 mm, from these surfaces, so that air can flow through between the coils and the tubes, which prevents the tubes from acting unfavorably on the transformer. The inner and outer surfaces of the transformer can expediently also be blackened in order to facilitate the transfer of the radiating heat thereof to the adjacent tubes b . In the example shown, the tubes are respectively at their upper and lower ends with chambers d. e connected, and water or oil is allowed to flow through these chambers and the pipes. The upper chamber d can be arranged at a suitable distance above the iron plates c , so that air can freely escape upwards from the ventilation spaces α between the plates c. In order to cause the water or oil to pass through by itself

circulating the tubes b , the two chambers d and e can be connected to one another by one or more tubes f or by an annular chamber g , which can have corrugated outer surfaces in order to enlarge the cooling surface. These connecting tubes or the connecting chamber can lead through the air or another coolant located outside the transformer core. The lower chamber e can, however, be connected to a cold water supply pipe and the upper chamber d to a discharge pipe. However, the upper chamber can also be connected to a cold water supply pipe and the lower chamber e to a drainage pipe, so that the temperature of the transformer is kept uniform to a certain degree, as the heat generated is dissipated from the transformer by the cooling liquid.

Another embodiment of the transformer is shown in Fig. 3 in horizontal section and in Fig. 4 partly in vertical section and partly in view. In this embodiment, the vertical tubes b are connected at their upper ends to a flat spiral tube h and at their lower ends to an annular housing i , the tube h and the housing i being connected to one another by an outer, helically wound cooling tube k .

By means of the devices described, the heat generated in the transformer by the electric current, which is radiated into the ventilation spaces, is quickly absorbed by the tubes b specially prepared for heat conduction and diverted outwards by the coolant from the transformer, where it is transferred to the outside Atmosphere is given off. The transformer becomes dry and cool in a simple and effective manner in this way
and maintains its efficiency.

held

Claims (4)

Patent claims: 1. Device for cooling electrical transformers through a coolant passed through, characterized in that special tubes (b) which receive the coolant are made of thin, heat-conducting metal, which are blackened or matted on their outside in order to easily absorb radiant and other heat , are arranged in the ventilation spaces or ducts (a) of the transformer. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling tubes (b) at their upper and lower ends with chambers (d and e) are connected, which in turn by one or more tubes ff J or an annular chamber (g), the through which air or an external coolant lead, are connected to each other, so that the coolant can rise up in the tubes (b) because of their heating and sink down in the outer tubes (f) or chamber (g) and so automatically and constantly. 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the cooling tubes (b) are connected at their upper ends with a flat spiral tube (h) and at their lower ends with an annular housing (i) , while the spiral tube and the annular housing through an outer, helically wound cooling tube (k) are connected to one another. 4. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that one ends of the dafs Cooling tubes with a cold water supply pipe, the other ends, however, are connected to a discharge pipe, see above that cold water is constantly flowing in one direction or the other through the cooling tubes can be sent through. 1 sheet of drawings.