DE1091994B - Process for separating hydrofluoric acid from gas mixtures - Google Patents
Process for separating hydrofluoric acid from gas mixturesInfo
- Publication number
- DE1091994B DE1091994B DE1959P0023075 DEP0023075A DE1091994B DE 1091994 B DE1091994 B DE 1091994B DE 1959P0023075 DE1959P0023075 DE 1959P0023075 DE P0023075 A DEP0023075 A DE P0023075A DE 1091994 B DE1091994 B DE 1091994B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- gases
- alumina
- hydrofluoric acid
- activated
- hydrogen fluoride
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B7/00—Halogens; Halogen acids
- C01B7/19—Fluorine; Hydrogen fluoride
- C01B7/191—Hydrogen fluoride
- C01B7/195—Separation; Purification
- C01B7/197—Separation; Purification by adsorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/68—Halogens or halogen compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/48—Halides, with or without other cations besides aluminium
- C01F7/50—Fluorides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/30—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of perfluorocarbons [PFC], hydrofluorocarbons [HFC] or sulfur hexafluoride [SF6]
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Description
DEUTSCHESGERMAN
INTERNAT. KL.INTERNAT. KL.
PATENTAMTPATENT OFFICE
P 23075 IVa/12 iP 23075 IVa / 12 i
ANMELDETAG: 3.JULI1959REGISTRATION DATE: JULY 3, 1959
BEKANNTMACHUNG
DER ANMELDUNG
UND AUSGABE DER
AUSLEGESCHRIFT: 3. NOVEMBER 1960NOTICE
THE REGISTRATION
AND ISSUE OF THE
EDITORIAL: NOVEMBER 3, 1960
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Bindung von gasförmiger Fluorwasserstoffsäure an Aluminiumoxyd, das sich insbesondere zur Wiedergewinnung der in Gasgemischen enthaltenen Fluorwasserstoffsäure mit Hilfe von fester Tonerde eignet, wobei gleichzeitig eine Reinigung der Gasgemische erreicht wird.The invention relates to a method for binding gaseous hydrofluoric acid to aluminum oxide, which is particularly useful for the recovery of hydrofluoric acid contained in gas mixtures of solid alumina, with cleaning of the gas mixtures being achieved at the same time.
Es ist einerseits bekannt, durch Einwirkung von gasförmiger Fluorwasserstoffsäure auf feste Oxyde oder Hydroxyde des Aluminiums Aluminiumfluorid herzustellen, wobei man ebensogut im Gegenstrom wie nach der als Wirbelschichtverfahren bekannten Methode arbeiten kann. Ein derartiges Verfahren ist beispielsweise in der französischen Patentschrift 1 161 537 beschrieben. Die nach diesem Stand der Technik anzuwendenden Verfahren weisen, soweit sie zur Herstellung von Aluminiumfluorid in technisch brauchbaren Ausbeuten anwendbar sind, den Hauptnachteil auf, daß sie sich nur anwenden lassen auf Gase mit höherem Gehalt, mindestens einigen 10%, an gasförmigem Fluorwasserstoff. Liegt der Fluorwasserstoffgehalt des Gases beispielsweise nur bei wenigen Prozenten oder gar unter 1 °/0, so sind die bekannten Verfahren überhaupt nicht anwendbar.On the one hand, it is known to produce aluminum fluoride by the action of gaseous hydrofluoric acid on solid oxides or hydroxides of aluminum, it being possible to work in countercurrent as well as by the method known as the fluidized bed process. Such a method is described, for example, in French patent specification 1,161,537. The processes to be used according to this prior art, insofar as they can be used for the production of aluminum fluoride in technically useful yields, have the main disadvantage that they can only be used for gases with a higher content, at least a few 10%, of gaseous hydrogen fluoride. The hydrogen fluoride content of the gas is, for example, only a few percent or even less than 1 ° / 0, the known methods are not applicable.
Andererseits ist es bekannt, daß sich bei gewissen technischen Prozessen als Nebenprodukt Gase entwickeln, deren Gehalt an Fluorwasserstoff oder an Verbindungen, aus denen diese Säure frei gemacht werden kann, unter 1 °/0 in der Größenordnung von einem oder einigen Zehntelprozenten liegen. Dies gilt beispielsweise für die Elektrolyse von Tonerde zu Aluminium im fluoridhaltigen Bad.On the other hand, it is known that develop in certain industrial processes as by-product gases, the content of hydrogen fluoride or compounds from which this acid can be made free / below 1 ° 0 in the order of one or a few tenths of percents. This applies, for example, to the electrolysis of alumina to aluminum in a fluoride-containing bath.
Das Problem der Reinigung derartiger Gase ist von beträchtlicher technischer und wirtschaftlicher Bedeutung, und es wurden schon verschiedene Möglichkeiten zu seiner Lösung vorgeschlagen. So kann man gemäß einem bekannten Verfahren die Abgase aus der Tonerdeelektrolyse auffangen und in eine wäßrige Alkali-, beispielsweise eine Sodalösung einleiten. Die bekannten Verfahren stellen jedoch nur eine sehr unbefriedigende Lösung des Problems dar, insbesondere da beim Arbeiten im technischen Maßstab die Ausbeuten außerordentlich gering sind.The problem of cleaning such gases is of considerable technical and economic importance, and various ways of solving it have already been proposed. So you can according to a known method to collect the exhaust gases from the alumina electrolysis and in an aqueous alkali, for example initiate a soda solution. However, the known processes are only a very unsatisfactory one Solution to the problem, especially since the yields are extraordinary when working on an industrial scale are low.
Demgegenüber wurde nun ein Weg gefunden, um aus den Gasgemischen die Fluorwasserstoffsäure auf wirtschaftliche Weise zu gewinnen und die Gase dadurch gleichzeitig zu reinigen, indem man den Gasgemischen die darin in geringen Mengen enthaltene gasförmige Fluorwasserstoffsäure dadurch entzieht, daß man sie mit fester aktivierter Tonerde in Berührung bringt. Die Erfindung bezieht sich auch in diesem Fall ebenso auf die Gewinnung der in geringen Mengen in den Gasgemischen enthaltenen gasförmigen Fluorwasserstoffsäure als auf die Reinigung der Gasgemische.In contrast, a way has now been found to convert the hydrofluoric acid from the gas mixtures to an economical one Way to win and thereby purify the gases at the same time by using the gas mixtures the gaseous hydrofluoric acid contained in small quantities is removed by being mixed with it brings solid activated alumina into contact. The invention also relates to in this case as well the recovery of the gaseous hydrofluoric acid contained in small quantities in the gas mixtures than cleaning the gas mixtures.
Bei den Untersuchungen ergab sich, daß die in einem Gasgemisch in Mengen von weniger als 1 Volumprozent, Verfahren zum AbtrennenThe investigations showed that in a gas mixture in amounts of less than 1 percent by volume, Separation method
von Fluorwasserstoffsäureof hydrofluoric acid
aus Gasgemischenfrom gas mixtures
Anmelder:Applicant:
Pechiney Compagnie de ProduitsPechiney Company de Produits
Chimiques et Electrometallurgiques,Chimiques et Electrometallurgiques,
ParisParis
Vertreter: Dr.-Ing. F. Wuesthoff, Dipl.-Ing. G. PulsRepresentative: Dr.-Ing. F. Wuesthoff, Dipl.-Ing. G. Pulse
und Dipl.-Chem. Dr. rer. nat. E. Frhr. v. Pechmann,and Dipl.-Chem. Dr. rer. nat. E. Frhr. v. Bad luck man,
Patentanwälte, München 9, Schweigerstr. 2Patent Attorneys, Munich 9, Schweigerstr. 2
Beanspruchte Priorität: Frankreich vom 3. Juli 1958Claimed priority: France of July 3, 1958
Jean-Claude Hutter, Seraphin Lacroix,Jean-Claude Hutter, Seraphin Lacroix,
Salindres, Gard,Salindres, Gard,
und Lucien Pingard, Paris (Frankreich), sind als Erfinder genannt wordenand Lucien Pingard, Paris (France), have been named as inventors
insbesondere in Mengen von einem oder mehreren Zehntelprozenten, enthaltene gasförmige Fluorwasserstoffsäure nur dann mit technisch brauchbaren Ausbeuten von Tonerde adsorbiert wird bzw. damit reagiert, wenn die Tonerde aktiviert ist; sie muß zu diesem Zweck vorher einer Behandlung unterworfen werden, durch welche ihre spezifische Oberfläche möglichst groß und ihr Wassergehalt möglichst gering wird.in particular in amounts of one or more tenths of a percent, contained gaseous hydrofluoric acid is adsorbed or reacts with clay with technically useful yields only if the Alumina is activated; for this purpose it must first be subjected to a treatment by which their specific surface is as large as possible and their water content is as low as possible.
Als aktiviert gilt im allgemeinen jede Tonerdesorte, deren spezifische Oberfläche größer als 150m2/g ist, deren Gehalt an gebundenem Wasser in der Größenordnung von einem oder mehreren Zehntel Mol H2O je Mol Al2O3 liegt und die bei Normaltemperatur (15 bis 25°C) und normalen atmosphärischen Bedingungen (die ungefähr einem Hygrometergrad von 50 entsprechen) eine Wasser auf nähme von weniger als 20 g/100 g Tonerde zeigen. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Durchführungsform des Verfahrens nach der Erfindung benutzt man eine Tonerde mit folgenden Eigenschaften:Activated is generally any type of alumina whose specific surface area is greater than 150m 2 / g, whose bound water content is in the order of one or more tenths of a mole of H 2 O per mole of Al 2 O 3 and which is at normal temperature (15 to 25 ° C) and normal atmospheric conditions (which correspond approximately to a hygrometer degree of 50) show a water absorption of less than 20 g / 100 g of clay. According to a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, an alumina is used with the following properties:
spezifische Oberfläche von etwa 200m2/kg;
gemäßigte Wasseraufnahme von etwa 10 Gewichtsprozent ;
ungefähre Formel: Al2O3-O,! bis 0,2 H2O.specific surface area of about 200m 2 / kg; moderate water absorption of about 10 percent by weight;
approximate formula: Al 2 O 3 -O ,! up to 0.2 H 2 O.
Es wurde ferner gefunden, daß man theoretisch die Extraktion der in geringen Anteilen in Gasgemischen vorhandenen gasförmigen Fluorwasserstoffsäure mit ak-It has also been found that theoretically the extraction of the in small proportions in gas mixtures existing gaseous hydrofluoric acid with ac-
009 630/376009 630/376
Claims (4)
Extraktion der in Gasgemischen enthaltenen geringenFinally it was found that in technical ao there is aluminum fluoride.
Extraction of the minor contained in gas mixtures
wird, wenn das Volumen an Gesamtgas, das je StundeAmount of hydrogen fluoride achieved a good yield Example 1
is when the volume of total gas that per hour
Anwesenheit von Kryolith entwickeln. Es ist bekannt,Obtained by electrolysis of aluminum oxide in only 1% aluminum fluoride.
Develop presence of cryolite. It is known,
günstigt, und es kann überhaupt jede Methode angewandt werden, die zur Erzeugung eines Gasgemisches Patentansprüche:
führt, das neben Fluorwasserstoffsäure nur Gase enthält, 1. Verfahren zum Abtrennen von Fluorwasserdie bei der späteren Extraktion gegenüber der aktivierten stoffsäure aus Gasgemischen, dadurch gekenn-Tonerde inert sind. 70 zeichnet, daß man das Gasgemisch, das weniger alsAny compound can be used that catalyzes the The escaping residual gases contain per cubic meter of combustion of the hydrocarbons or 65 only 0.04 g of hydrofluoric acid,
favorable, and any method can be used which for the generation of a gas mixture claims:
leads, which contains only gases in addition to hydrofluoric acid, 1. a process for separating hydrofluoric water which, during the subsequent extraction, is inert to the activated chemical acid from gas mixtures, thereby identifying alumina. 70 draws that the gas mixture that is less than
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR769395 | 1958-07-03 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE1091994B true DE1091994B (en) | 1960-11-03 |
Family
ID=8706887
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE1959P0023075 Pending DE1091994B (en) | 1958-07-03 | 1959-07-03 | Process for separating hydrofluoric acid from gas mixtures |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BE (1) | BE580324A (en) |
CH (1) | CH381651A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1091994B (en) |
ES (1) | ES250481A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR1209223A (en) |
GB (1) | GB902798A (en) |
LU (1) | LU37380A1 (en) |
NL (1) | NL240850A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2834950A1 (en) * | 1977-11-28 | 1979-05-31 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | INTEGRATED PROCESS FOR THE RECOVERY OF ALUMINUM, ALKALIMETAL AND FLUORINE FROM ELECTROLYTIC ALUMINUM REDUCTION |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4009214A (en) * | 1975-04-25 | 1977-02-22 | The Lummus Company | Separation of hydrogen fluoride from hydrogen chloride gas |
FR2440222A1 (en) * | 1978-10-31 | 1980-05-30 | Air Ind | Regenerating particulate adsorbent material - charged with volatile cpds. of different thermal stabilities, partic. particles of alumina which have adsorbed tars and fluorinated cpds. |
EP0011027B1 (en) * | 1978-10-31 | 1984-02-15 | Air Industrie | Process for treating an adsorbent material in the form of particles loaded with at least two volatile compounds of differing thermal stability |
IT1291758B1 (en) * | 1997-05-22 | 1999-01-21 | Ausimont Spa | PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF ALUMINUM FLUORIDE |
IT1303073B1 (en) | 1998-05-07 | 2000-10-23 | Ausimont Spa | PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF ALUMINUM FLUORIDE |
-
1958
- 1958-07-03 FR FR1209223D patent/FR1209223A/en not_active Expired
-
1959
- 1959-07-01 GB GB2261459A patent/GB902798A/en not_active Expired
- 1959-07-01 CH CH7517659A patent/CH381651A/en unknown
- 1959-07-02 NL NL240850A patent/NL240850A/xx unknown
- 1959-07-02 LU LU37380A patent/LU37380A1/xx unknown
- 1959-07-02 ES ES0250481A patent/ES250481A1/en not_active Expired
- 1959-07-03 DE DE1959P0023075 patent/DE1091994B/en active Pending
- 1959-07-03 BE BE580324A patent/BE580324A/en unknown
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2834950A1 (en) * | 1977-11-28 | 1979-05-31 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | INTEGRATED PROCESS FOR THE RECOVERY OF ALUMINUM, ALKALIMETAL AND FLUORINE FROM ELECTROLYTIC ALUMINUM REDUCTION |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL240850A (en) | 1964-01-27 |
CH381651A (en) | 1964-09-15 |
LU37380A1 (en) | 1959-09-02 |
BE580324A (en) | 1960-01-04 |
ES250481A1 (en) | 1960-04-16 |
FR1209223A (en) | 1960-02-29 |
GB902798A (en) | 1962-08-09 |
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