DE109069C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE109069C DE109069C DENDAT109069D DE109069DA DE109069C DE 109069 C DE109069 C DE 109069C DE NDAT109069 D DENDAT109069 D DE NDAT109069D DE 109069D A DE109069D A DE 109069DA DE 109069 C DE109069 C DE 109069C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- strongly
- oxide
- sintering
- conductive
- nickel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- LBFUKZWYPLNNJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cobalt(II,III) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O.O=[Co]O[Co]=O LBFUKZWYPLNNJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N TiO Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000460 iron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000468 manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001929 titanium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004870 electrical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000615 nonconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- JCMLRUNDSXARRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioxouranium Chemical compound O=[U](=O)=O JCMLRUNDSXARRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000439 uranium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C17/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors
- H01C17/30—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for baking
Description
AISERLICHESEVERYTHING
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING
KLASSE 21: Elektrische Apparate und Maschinen.CLASS 21: Electrical apparatus and machines.
Patentirt im Deutschen Reiche vom 5. April 1899 ab.Patented in the German Empire on April 5, 1899.
Die in der Elektrotechnik angewendeten Widerstände und Heizkörper bestehen im Allgemeinen aus Metallen oder deren Legirungen und können infolge ihrer relativ niedrigen Schmelztemperatur nicht wesentlich über Rothgluthitze beansprucht werden. Für gewisse Zwecke, wie z. B. zum Anregen der Leuchtkörper von Nernstlampen, sind Heizkörper erforderlich, welche möglichst hohe Hitzegrade vertragen können, zum Zwecke, einerseits eine rasche Vorwärmung des Nernstkörpers zu erzielen, andererseits infolge der hohen Temperatur eine gewisse Lichtemission während der Anregeperiode zu erhalten.The resistors and radiators used in electrical engineering are made in Generally made of metals or their alloys and, owing to their relatively low melting temperature, cannot significantly be stressed over red-hot heat. For certain purposes, such as B. to stimulate the Luminous bodies of Nernst lamps, radiators which are as high as possible are required Can tolerate heat levels, on the one hand, a rapid preheating of the core to achieve, on the other hand, a certain light emission due to the high temperature during the stimulation period.
Diesbezügliche Versuche haben zu dem Resultat geführt, dafs gewisse Metalloxyde, hauptsächlich solche der Schwermetalle, wenn sie einer geeigneten Vorbereitung unterzogen werden, auch ohne Zusätze von metallischen Leitern schon bei gewöhnlicher Temperatur relativ gut leiten, so dafs sie bei genügender Stromzufuhr infolge ihrer aufserordentlich hohen Verdampfungstemperatur weifsglühend werden, in welchem Zustande sie auch Licht emittiren.Attempts at this point have shown that certain metal oxides are mainly those of heavy metals, if they are subjected to suitable preparation, even without the addition of metallic conductors at normal temperature conduct relatively well, so that when there is a sufficient supply of electricity, they are extraordinarily high Evaporation temperature become white-hot, in whatever state they emit light.
Solche Metalloxyde sind beispielsweise: Eisenoxyd , Kupferoxyd, Chromoxyd, Uranoxyd, Manganoxyd, Nickeloxyd, Kobaltoxyd, Titanoxyd, Zinkoxyd, Wolframoxyd, Molybdänoxyd u. s. w. Stellt man aus den pulverförmigen Oxyden oder deren Mischungen mit Hülfe eines Bindemittels, wie Wasser, Gummilösung u. s. w., eine plastische Masse her und formt aus dieser Stäbchen oder Röhrchen., so verhalten sich diese Körper genau wie Nichtleiter der Elektricität; sie werden dagegen schon bei gewöhnlicher Temperatur relativ gut leitend, wenn man sie einem Glühprocefs unterwirft, wodurch sie sehr stark sintern. Zweckmäfsig ist es, von vornherein der plastischen Masse einen Zusatz an stark sinternden Materialien, wie Porcellanerde, Magnesia u. s. w., zu geben. Derartige stark gesinterte Stäbchen oder Röhrchen werden alsdann an den Enden mit Stromzuführungen aus schwer schmelzbaren Metallen, wie Platin oder Nickel, versehen. In dieser Form sind sie sowohl als Widerstände als auch als Licht emittirende Heizkörper verwendbar, erfordern aber im letzteren Falle einen Vorschaltwiderstand, weil sie bei hoher Temperatur einen negativen Temperaturcoefficienten haben.Such metal oxides are for example: iron oxide, copper oxide, chromium oxide, uranium oxide, Manganese oxide, nickel oxide, cobalt oxide, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, tungsten oxide, molybdenum oxide and so on. If one uses the powdered oxides or their mixtures with help a binding agent, such as water, rubber solution, etc., a plastic mass is produced and shaped from these rods or tubes, these bodies behave exactly like non-conductors of electricity; on the other hand, they already conduct relatively well at ordinary temperatures, if they are subjected to an annealing process, as a result of which they sinter very strongly. Appropriate it is, from the outset, to add strongly sintering materials to the plastic mass, such as porcelain earth, magnesia and so on. Such strongly sintered rods or tubes are then connected to the ends with power supply lines made of difficult-to-melt metals, like platinum or nickel. In this form they are both as resistors and can be used as light-emitting radiators, but require a series resistor in the latter case, because they have a negative temperature coefficient at high temperatures.
Claims (2)
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE109069C true DE109069C (en) |
Family
ID=378997
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DENDAT109069D Active DE109069C (en) |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE109069C (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE746921C (en) * | 1935-11-02 | 1944-08-30 | Patra Patent Treuhand | Rectifier arrangement with a directly heated rectifier tube and with a smoothing electrolytic capacitor located in the rectifier circuit and connected in parallel to the payload |
| DE758292C (en) * | 1939-01-14 | 1954-03-01 | Siemens & Halske A G | Process for the production of a resistor body with a negative temperature coefficient of the resistance |
| DE1147699B (en) * | 1955-06-15 | 1963-04-25 | Dr Carl Schusterius | Heating element for heat devices |
| DE976937C (en) * | 1943-06-26 | 1964-08-20 | Siemens Ag | Process for the production of a sintered electrical resistance body |
| EP0078418A2 (en) * | 1981-10-12 | 1983-05-11 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Circuit breaker provided with parallel resistor |
-
0
- DE DENDAT109069D patent/DE109069C/de active Active
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE746921C (en) * | 1935-11-02 | 1944-08-30 | Patra Patent Treuhand | Rectifier arrangement with a directly heated rectifier tube and with a smoothing electrolytic capacitor located in the rectifier circuit and connected in parallel to the payload |
| DE758292C (en) * | 1939-01-14 | 1954-03-01 | Siemens & Halske A G | Process for the production of a resistor body with a negative temperature coefficient of the resistance |
| DE976937C (en) * | 1943-06-26 | 1964-08-20 | Siemens Ag | Process for the production of a sintered electrical resistance body |
| DE1147699B (en) * | 1955-06-15 | 1963-04-25 | Dr Carl Schusterius | Heating element for heat devices |
| EP0078418A2 (en) * | 1981-10-12 | 1983-05-11 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Circuit breaker provided with parallel resistor |
| EP0078418A3 (en) * | 1981-10-12 | 1984-07-25 | Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Circuit breaker provided with parallel resistor |
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