DE1090166B - Reinforcement material for cast bodies and process for its manufacture - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN

The invention relates to improved reinforcement material for cast bodies and to methods of its manufacture.

It is known to use glass fibers for reinforcing cast bodies in the form of various layer materials, namely to use either mats or different types of fabric. The mats used are mostly random fiber mats, which are made of glass fibers in the form of comparatively short, parallel through There are bundles produced by chopping roving. The fiber optic bundles are first (i.e. before the feeding and drying of the synthetic resin) either by different adhesives or by wide, loose needle-stitch stitches held together superficially. The main advantage of such mats is theirs low price. When inlaying or draping over intricate shapes, it is often necessary to use the Stretch strip material to fit the shape. This is the superficial adhesive bond tear, or some of the needle-stitch stitches will open up in certain zones, so that on the one hand Holes or thin places arise and in other places relatively strong accumulations of fiber occurs. In addition, it is a special characteristic of the randomly formed mats that a relatively high resin to glass ratio must be used; this has a deterioration the physical properties of the cast body result.

Woven fabrics made of glass yarn have been used in such a way that several layers are put together and this layer was deformed under slight pressure; this gave the fabric its final shape obtained that it was impregnated with a hardenable plastic material, such as polyester resin. Such Fabrics avoid a significant part of the disadvantages associated with mats; they usually allow a higher ratio of glass to synthetic resin and they have, that is their special characteristic, pronounced Directions of action and have good draping properties.

On the other hand, they are the most expensive fiberglass materials that are used for reinforcement, and have also certain disadvantages. These disadvantages include the risk of self-destruction in the case of a relative low compression molding; this danger is due to the sudden increase in tissue strength on the Reset the intersection of warp and weft. But the fact that woven fabrics are made just like that can be that the weft is carried out above and below a chain, has not only the one consequence of inconsistent tissue thickness; another disadvantage due to this fact it is that the glass fibers are not stretched

Reinforcement material for cast bodies
and its method of manufacture

Applicant:

Tibor Ambras,

Purley, Surrey (UK)

Representative: Dipl.-Ing. F. Weickmann

and Dr.-Ing. A. Weiekmann, patent attorneys,

Munich 2, Brunnstr. 8/9

Claimed priority:

Great Britain from November 1st, November 11th 1955,
April 26 and October 30, 1956

Tibor Ambrus, Purley, Surrey (Great Britain),
has been named as the inventor

can, but take on a zigzag course at the points where they intersect. this has the disadvantage that, especially with bending and tensile stress, the yarns in the direction of the Straighten the tensile stress before they absorb the full stress. Since the resin in the. they are embedded, in most cases hard and brittle, this stretching causes the training cracks and the structure begins to break before the reinforcement can take the full load can. The result is a lower modulus of elasticity and a lower ultimate tensile strength.

It is also known to impregnate reinforcement threads with a phenolic resin before they are applied to carrier threads be attached. The reinforcement threads lie close to each other and adhere as a result of resin impregnation also to each other ^ It is therefore not possible to adapt to the course of a mold as long as work is not carried out under pressure and elevated temperature. The impregnation of the reinforcement also has: threads have the disadvantage that they cannot be penetrated by the casting compound when the casting compound is in the casting mold covered with reinforcement fabric is filled. :

Finally, it is also known to weave a fabric from reinforcing threads in which both warp and reinforcement threads also lie in the weft direction; This reinforcement fabric is probably suitable for reinforcement of thin film material, e.g. B. as middle

009 610/168

3 4

layer between two layers of paper or two art- The drawings show exemplary embodiments of the

fabric films, but leaves the subject of the invention in its draping properties. It shows

left to be desired and is therefore for the reinforcement of Fig. 1 the cross section through a shape of an inven-

Plastic bodies are often not suitable. appropriate reinforcement fabric association,

The invention is based on the object of a 5 Fig. 2 a cross section through a second shape

To create reinforcement material for cast bodies, with a reinforcement fabric bandage and

which the reinforcing threads from the casting compound through- Fig. 3 is a similar view of a third form,

are penetrated, so that an indissoluble bandage The carrier material, consisting of weft and warp

between reinforcement threads and casting material produced 12, 13, is on one or two sides with a

and in which the reinforcement threads are also made with adhesive and, if desired, with fabrics that the

are movable relative to each other, so that the armie-hygroscopicity reduce, soaked or coated,

rungsmaterial also in molds with complicated The antihygroscopic material is in front of the adhesive

Flow due to its good draping own applied. Some adhesives work without any

can be introduced. which additives reduce the moisture

In solving this problem, the assumption was made of 15 absorption capacity. This treatment step can

from a carrier fabric, preferably from one on a machine, in which the fabric from

System of carrier threads running in one direction from a pay-off reel to a take-up reel. the

and of reinforcing threads, e.g. B. glass fibers, what type of machine including the ab-

attached to the carrier fabric by adhesive. Stand of decoiler and winding reel and the

The intended success was achieved by the fact that the speed of rotation of the reels depends on the

the properties of the adhesive in relation to the threads of the carrier fabric. The design depends

strong reinforcement threads apart from the joints further from the initial state of the adhesive,

places to be left free of glue, in close d. H. the form in which it enters the machine

Be at a distance from one another, but not fed to one another; it can be in the form of a solution, a

be liable. 25 emulsion, a dispersion and in pure form

The requirement that the reinforcement threads lie apart. In the latter case, he must be in the machine Have a distance and that the carrier fabric is warmed in, so that it is in a viscous liquid Relationship with them is weak results in converts. Depending on your needs, the carrier material the threads parallel to one another in the direction of their longitudinal axis, 12, 13 before or after impregnation or on top of one another are displaceable, and thus bring the 3 ° of the cover depending on the material's own good draping properties. Furthermore, there is a relationship between the carrier and the chemical interrelationship the maintenance of a distance between the settlements of the adhesive are calendered. Through the Reinforcement threads that the casting compound between the calendering is the yarn of the carrier plattge reinforcement threads can penetrate, presses on all sides with the result that a larger adhesive zone to and, depending on the type of reinforcement threads, there is also 35 jointing, which ensures better adhesion of the glass threads can penetrate into this. brings about on the carrier. By calendering

According to a first embodiment, the mass factor of the layer is also reduced and

Reinforcing threads on both sides of the carrier fabric are finally attached to the thickened areas of the laminate

arranges. at the intersections of glass threads and carrier

For a good impregnation of the carrier threads with 40 yarns or carrier weft and warp negligible

To achieve casting compound, it is useful to use made small.

Reinforcement threads that have little or no The glass material is in the form of endless threads are twisted. The reinforcement threads can, for. B. from or yarns 11 cheeses or other winding asbestos fibers or bodies made of synthetic plastic fiber, which are attached to stands, taken be. However, this results in the requirement that 45 and then by reed leaves or other Vorrichdie Fiber that guides the yarns in a parallel system in the production of the plastic body tolerates occurring temperature. from predetermined uniform intervals

According to another embodiment can be arranged. When using thermoplastic adhesive

Both sides of the reinforcement threads a carrier fabric are the glass threads or yarns on the

be provided. 5 ° preheated temperature at which this adhesive is effective

The reinforcing threads are preferably parallel to each other. Is the carrier 12, 13 itself made of thermo

arranged at a distance from one another and made of plastic material, so determines its

by means of a thermoplastic adhesive on the softening point this temperature. After the pre

Carrier fabric attached by the fact that the reinforcement is heated, the glass material in contact with the

threads brought to the softening temperature of the adhesive 55 carrier and a light pressure applied,

heated and under slight pressure for so long on that of the two layers so long in mutual

Carrier fabrics are pressed until cooling or contact holds until the glass has cooled sufficiently

The adhesive bandage has polymerized. and the traps are secured. The resulting

The production of the reinforcement material can be layered material to accelerate this

also take place in that the 60 gangs are cooled in parallel at intervals. The goods are then

Reinforcement threads arranged next to one another in coiled.

be brought into contact with the carrier fabric and the object of the invention is that the glass material

that reinforcement threads and carrier fabric then nowhere except at the crossing points of the threads

has come together by means of an adhesive hardened by drying out or yarn with adhesive. the

can be connected with slight application of pressure. 65 glass yarns or threads 11 are therefore free from one another

The carrier fabric can also be water-displaceable, and the drape properties of the carrier repellent agents are impregnated. It's then are not affected. In the case of not thermally interrupted, that it needs moisture, for example from plastic ordinary adhesives, the glass the Air, absorbs this moisture when the material is not preheated, the stratification the cast body leads to damage. 70 material, however, must be dried before it is reeled

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will. It is understood that in the manufacture of the In Fig. 1 described layer material the three stages, impregnation of the carrier, calendering and Laying the reinforcement yarns or threads on the carrier, can be done in various machines, but that also two or more steps on one machine, the successive facilities for has several manufacturing steps, can be carried out. The carrier according to FIG. 1 can by a system of parallel carrier yarns which are substantially at right angles to the Reinforcement threads run, be replaced, d. i.e., the carrier yarns 12 can be omitted, as in FIG. 2 shows. According to a further embodiment shown in FIG. 3, carrier yarns 13 running parallel are used provided, which are covered with layers of glass yarns or threads 21 and 22 on both sides. In the event of 2 and 3, the carrier 13 itself can consist of glass thread. In this case it is calendering not recommended. If the carrier material 13 is made of cotton or similar material, so that a There is no risk of destruction during calendering, For example, the carrier yarns can be calendered before they are glued to the glass yarns or threads 11 or 21, 22 will. If the reinforcement material consists of a fabric that can be calendered, so the finished layer material can also be calendered as a unit.

It is advisable to layer in such a way that alternating layers of reinforcement threads and carrier material are in the Stratification successively. (The last or the first layer can be reversed so that as better finish there is a reinforcement on the outside.) This method of layering individual layers increase the cohesion between the layers; the carrier acts as a buffer that supports the Prevents destruction of the cast body under the molding pressure.

Claims (9)

Claims: 40 1. Reinforcement material for cast bodies, consisting of a carrier fabric, preferably in one Direction running carrier threads and from reinforcement threads, z. B. glass thread, which on the Carrier fabrics are attached by adhesive, characterized in that the relative to the Threads of the carrier fabric strong reinforcement threads except at the connection points free of adhesive and are closely spaced but not clinging to each other. 2. Reinforcement material according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcement threads on both sides of the carrier fabric are arranged. 3. reinforcement material according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the reinforcement threads are little or not twisted, so that they are easily impregnated. 4. reinforcement material according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the reinforcement threads consist of asbestos fibers. 5. reinforcement material according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that the reinforcement threads are made of synthetic plastic fiber, namely from such a fiber, which the at tolerates the temperature occurring during the production of the cast body. 6. reinforcement material according to claim 1 and 3 to 5, characterized in that on both sides a carrier fabric is provided for the reinforcement threads. 7. A method for producing reinforcing material according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that that the reinforcing threads are arranged in parallel at intervals and next to one another by means of a thermoplastic adhesive are attached to the carrier fabric in that the reinforcing threads heated to the softening temperature of the adhesive and so under slight pressure long pressed onto the carrier fabric until the adhesive bandage cools down or polymerizes entry. 8. A method for producing reinforcing material according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that that the reinforcing threads are arranged parallel to one another and in contact at intervals are brought with the carrier fabric and that reinforcement threads and carrier fabric then connected by means of an adhesive that has hardened due to drying out, applying slight pressure will. 9. The method according to claim 7 and 8, characterized in that the carrier fabric with a water-repellent agent is impregnated. Considered publications:
German Patent No. 913 048;
French patent specification No. 614 439. 1 sheet of drawings © 009 610/168 9.60